Rubiaceae
Cinchona

Cinchona officinalis L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 172 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is S. Ecuador. It is a tree and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. It is used as a medicine, has environmental uses and for food.

Distribution

Native to:

Ecuador

Introduced into:

Colombia, Guinea, Jamaica, Peru, Puerto Rico, St.Helena

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

Kew's Tree of Life Explorer

Discover the flowering plant tree of life and the genomic data used to build it.

View the Tree of Life
PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Borhidi, A. (2006). Rubiáceas de México: 1-512. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
  • Borhidi, A. (2012). Rubiáceas de México, ed. 2: 1-608. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
  • Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lambdon, P. (2012). Flowering plants & ferns of St Helena: 1-624. Pisces publications for St Helena nature conservation group.
  • Mendoza, H., Ramirez P., B.R. & Jimenez, L.C. (2004). Rubiaceae de Colombia: guia ilustrada de generos: 1-351. Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Lambdon, P. (2012). Flowering plants & ferns of St Helena: 1-624. Pisces publications for St Helena nature conservation group.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • Plants for malaria, plants for fever: Medicinal species in Latin America, a bibliographic survey: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 1993 [No details given] [s.n.] K000173386 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1993 [No details given] [s.n.] K000173385 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Mathews [[see general comments]] Peru K000173383 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1993 s.coll. [s.n.] K001092880 Yes
Jan 1, 1993 s.coll. [s.n.] K000173389 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Mathews [[see general comments]] Peru K000173388 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Seemann [888] Ecuador K000173384 Isotype Yes
Jan 1, 1993 s.coll. [s.n.] K001092879 Yes
Jan 1, 1993 [No details given] [s.n.] K000173387 Unknown Type Material Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Mathews [s.n.] K000173390 Isolectotype Yes
Anderson, T. [s.n.] India K001337492 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337565 Yes
Lewis, G.P.; Pennington, R.T.; Plana, V. [2965] Ecuador K001337326 Yes
Campos, J.; Tineo, H.; Díaz, C.; Guevara, T. [5171] Peru K001337341 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337813 Yes
Pavón Jiménez, J.; Ruiz López, H. [s.n.] Ecuador K001337343 Yes
Lewis, G.P.; Lozano, P.; Aguirre, N.; Aldaz, I. [2603] Ecuador K001337328 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337574 Yes
Anderson, T. [s.n.] India K001337487 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337818 Yes
Markham, C.R. [9] India K001337524 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337672 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337826 Yes
Markham, C.R. [10] India K001337525 Yes
Cheek, M.; Haba, P.K.; Guilavogui, Z. [13824] Guinea K000615582 Yes
Hooker, W.J.; Jameson, Dr. [s.n.] Ecuador K001337338 Yes
Hooker; Howard, H. [s.n.] United Kingdom K001337771 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337568 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337495 Yes
Markham, C.R. [3] India K001337521 Yes
Lehmann, F.C. [5452] Ecuador K001337324 Yes
Anderson, T. [s.n.] India K001337493 Yes
Anderson, T. [s.n.] India K001337489 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337673 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337674 Yes
Fosberg, F.R. [57869] Sri Lanka K001337563 Yes
Morris, D. [s.n.] Ecuador K001337344 Yes
Foreau, G. [2685] India K001337507 Yes
Matthew, K.M. [46810] India K001337513 Yes
Díaz, C.; Campos, J.; Tineo, E. [9628] Peru K001337340 Yes
Batcock, J. [8] India K001337567 Yes
Anderson, T. [s.n.] India K001337490 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337497 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tanzania K001337816 Yes
Batcock, J. [11] India K001337510 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337496 Yes
Campos, J.; Díaz, C.; Tineo, H.; Guevara, T. [5171] Peru K001337342 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337498 Yes
Howard, J.E. [s.n.] India K001337570 Yes
Lehmann, F.C. [7927] Ecuador K001337323 Yes
s.coll. [5] Ecuador K001337330 Yes
Markham, C.R. [1] India K001337519 Yes
Markham, C.R. [4] India K001337522 Yes
Howard, M. [s.n.] India K001337566 Yes
s.coll. [2] India K001337486 Yes
Matlock [3] India K001337509 Yes
Lewis, G.P.; Lozano, P.; Aguirre, N.; Aldaz, I. [2603] Ecuador K001337325 Yes
Matthew, K.M.; Britto, S.J. [40018] India K001337511 Yes
Mathews [s.n.] Ecuador K001337339 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337675 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337677 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337825 Yes
Foreau, G. [2626] India K001337506 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337573 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337814 Yes
Markham, C.R. [2] India K001337520 Yes
Markham, C.R. [5] India K001337516 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337824 Yes
Howard, J.E. [s.n.] India K001337576 Yes
Batcock [6] India K001337515 Yes
Lewis, G.P.; Lozano, P.; Aguirre, N.; Aldaz, I. [s.n.] Ecuador K001337327 Yes
Patcock [s.n.] K001337333 Yes
Markham, R.C. [7] India K001337518 Yes
Anderson, T. [s.n.] India K001337488 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [3097A] India K001337485 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337815 Yes
Markham, C.R. [11] India K001337526 Yes
Lewis, G.P.; Pennington, R.T.; Plana, V. [2965] Ecuador K001337329 Yes
Balcock [s.n.] India K001337575 Yes
Jameson [s.n.] Ecuador K001337336 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337820 Yes
Batcock, J. [2] India K001337514 Yes
Markham, C.R. [8] India K001337523 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337577 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337500 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Jamaica K001337770 Yes
Markham, R.C. [6] India K001337517 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] India K001337571 Yes
s.coll. [1] India K001337491 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337821 Yes
Mathews [550; L 712] Ecuador K001337337 Yes
Foreau, G. [2685] India K001337508 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [11993] India K001337501 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337823 Yes
Saulière, A., (Rev.) [190] India K001337503 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337679 Yes
Foreau, G. [1628] India K001337504 Yes
McDowell, T.; Turner, M.; Oberli, A. [4616] Jamaica K001337773 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337817 Yes
Edie, A.G. [4378] India K001337528 Yes
s.coll. [549; 711] K001337335 Yes
Matthews [s.n.] Ecuador K001337345 Yes
Foreau, G. [2626] India K001337505 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tanzania K001337822 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337499 Yes
Markham, C.R. [12] India K001337527 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337569 Yes
Lehmann, F.C.; May, B. [6604] Ecuador K001337331 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001337819 Yes
Dunlap [39] Cameroon K001337639 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337676 Yes
Morris, D. [1] Jamaica K001337434 Yes
Thompson, R. [s.n.] Jamaica K001337772 Yes
Mathews [554; 716[?]] K001337332 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K001337572 Yes
Bourne, A.G. [s.n.] India K001337502 Yes
s.coll. [8] India K001337494 Yes
R.C. [1] K001337334 Yes
Thwaites [s.n.] Sri Lanka K001337562 Yes
Matthew, K.M. [51674] India K001337512 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337678 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [3710A] India K001337484 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K001337671 Yes
Jameson (Prof) [49] Ecuador K001337346 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    • ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0