Herb
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Calcarunia hastata (L.) Raf., nom. inval. |
| synonym | Carigola hastata (L.) Raf. |
| synonym | Pontederia hastata L. |
🗒 Common Names
| Assamese |
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| Bengali |
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| Hindi |
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| Other |
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📚 Overview
Brief
Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1
Year Assessed: 2010
Assessor/s: Gupta, A.K.
Reviewer/s: Rao, M.L.V. & Juffe Bignoli, D.
Justification: This aquatic plant is native to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. It occurs on permanently wet swamps, freshwater pools, mudflats in rivers, ditches and rice fields, and along canal banks. Although there is no detailed information on this species global population, it covers a wide geographic range and it is common in freshwater habitats. No major threats have been reported. It is therefore listed as Least Concern.
Conservation Actions: This species has been classified as vulnerable in the Northern Territory, Australia (NRETAS 2006). In this region, an inferred decline in quality of habitat and population numbers as a result of invasion by exotic weeds has been described.
IUCN and ZOO 2011
| Attributions | IUCN and ZOO 2011 |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Cyclicity
Flower blooms during March to August
Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
Morphology
An erect herb with creeping root stock. Leaves hastate, sagittate or cordate with long spongy petiole and sheathing leaf base. Flowers long-pedicelled, subumbellate or racemose, blue-violet, spathe complicate below the raceme. Perianth lobes 6, stamens 6, carpels 3, stigma 2-lobed. Fruit an oblong loculicidal capsule. It usually grows in swamp or shallow water bodies like beels, pond etc., also found in rice fields during summer.
Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Freshwater
Ponds, river banks, streams, ditches, puddles
Habitat and Ecology: It occurs on permanently wet swamps, freshwater pools, mudflats in rivers, ditches and rice fields, and along canal banks. It is a pure submerged aquatic herb. It has been recorded as a component of floating mat vegetation.
Systems: Freshwater
List of Habitats: 5, 5.7, 5.8, 15, 15.8, 15.9
IUCN and ZOO 2011
| Attributions | IUCN and ZOO 2011 |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Global Distribution
India: Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Maharastra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, West Bengal; Tropical South America, Brazil
Indian Distribution
Throughout Assam
Range Description: It is native to southeast Asia and northern Australia. In the Indo-Burma region, it is present in Thailand, Viet Nam, Myanmar and Lao PDR.
Countries - Native: Australia (Northern Territory); Bangladesh; Cambodia; China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan); Hong Kong; India; Indonesia (Jawa, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatera); Lao People's Democratic Republic; Malaysia; Myanmar; Papua New Guinea (Papua New Guinea (main island group)); Philippines; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Thailand; Viet Nam
IUCN and ZOO 2011
| Attributions | IUCN and ZOO 2011 |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Category
Least Concern
Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1
Year Assessed: 2010
Assessor/s: Gupta, A.K.
Reviewer/s: Rao, M.L.V. & Juffe Bignoli, D.
Justification: This aquatic plant is native to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. It occurs on permanently wet swamps, freshwater pools, mudflats in rivers, ditches and rice fields, and along canal banks. Although there is no detailed information on this species global population, it covers a wide geographic range and it is common in freshwater habitats. No major threats have been reported. It is therefore listed as Least Concern.
Conservation Actions: This species has been classified as vulnerable in the Northern Territory, Australia (NRETAS 2006). In this region, an inferred decline in quality of habitat and population numbers as a result of invasion by exotic weeds has been described.
IUCN and ZOO 2011
| Attributions | IUCN and ZOO 2011 |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
System of Medicines Used In
Folk medicine
System Of Medicines Used In
Folk medicine
FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=2644
| Attributions | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=2644 |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Flowers and young flowers with inflorescens are eaten cooked as vegetable, or with fish by Bodos, Koch-Rajbongshis etc. espacially in lower Assam.
Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=2644
- http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/conservation-actions-classification-scheme-ver2
- Gupta, A.K. 2010. Monochoria hastata. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
- http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/threats-classification-scheme
- http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
- Citation: Gupta, A.K. 2010. Monochoria hastata. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
- Duke, J.A. 2010. Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Available at: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethnobot.pl. (Accessed: 20 January).; Ho, P.H. 1999. Cay Co Vietnam (An illustrated Flora of Vietnam). Nha Xuat Ban Tre, Vietnam.; IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO and Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. 2010. eFloras. Available at: http://www.efloras.org.; Natural Resources, Environment, the Arts and Sport (NRETAS). 2006. Threatened species of Northern Territory, Monochoria hastata. Available at: http://www.nt.gov.au/nreta/wildlife/animals/threatened/pdf/plants/Monochoria_hastata_VU.pdf.; Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. and Amostrong, K. 2007. A Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Lao PDR. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh.; The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2010. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.; Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. and Hong, D.Y. (eds). 2010. Flora of China. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis.
Information Listing > References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=2644
- http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/conservation-actions-classification-scheme-ver2
- Gupta, A.K. 2010. Monochoria hastata. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
- http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/threats-classification-scheme
- http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
- Citation: Gupta, A.K. 2010. Monochoria hastata. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011.
- Duke, J.A. 2010. Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Available at: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethnobot.pl. (Accessed: 20 January).; Ho, P.H. 1999. Cay Co Vietnam (An illustrated Flora of Vietnam). Nha Xuat Ban Tre, Vietnam.; IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO and Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. 2010. eFloras. Available at: http://www.efloras.org.; Natural Resources, Environment, the Arts and Sport (NRETAS). 2006. Threatened species of Northern Territory, Monochoria hastata. Available at: http://www.nt.gov.au/nreta/wildlife/animals/threatened/pdf/plants/Monochoria_hastata_VU.pdf.; Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. and Amostrong, K. 2007. A Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Lao PDR. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh.; The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2010. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.; Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. and Hong, D.Y. (eds). 2010. Flora of China. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis.
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Commelinales |
| Family | Pontederiaceae |
| Genus | Monochoria |
| Species | Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups
