Flowering class: Dicot
Habit: Tree
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Sapindus abstergens Roxb. ex Wight & Arn. |
| synonym | Sapindus acutus Roxb. ex Wight & Arn. |
| synonym | Sapindus laurifolius Vahl |
| synonym | Sapindus mollis Bl. |
🗒 Common Names
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| English |
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| Gujarati |
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| Hin |
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| Hindi |
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| Irula |
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| Kannada |
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| Konkani |
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| Malayalam |
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| Marathi |
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📚 Overview
Description
Trees, to 18 m high, bark 4-6 mm thick, greyish-brown; brittle or semi fibrous; blaze creamy yellow; branchlets lenticellate. Leaves paripinnate, alternate, estipulate; rachis 4.5-10 cm, stout, glabrous, swollen at base; leaflets 4-6, opposite or subopposite; petiolule 2-5 mm, stout, glabrous; lamina 6.5-25 x 2.5-11.5 cm, elliptic-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic or lanceolate, base oblique, round or acute, apex acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, chartaceous; lateral nerves 6-17 pairs, pinnate, ascending, prominent, secondary laterals prominent; intercostae reticulate, prominent. Flowers polygamous, greenish-white, 5-6 mm across, in axillary or terminal panicles; panicles densely pubescent; sepals 5, pubescent outside, glabrous within, ovate, unequal, in 2 series, much imbricate; petals 5, linear-lanceolate, softly woolly on the inner surface except the claw, scales minute or absent; disc concave, margin fleshy, hirsute; stamens 8, inserted within the disc; filaments free, pilose; anthers oblong; ovary superior, tomentose, not lobed, 2-3-celled, ovule 1 in each cell; style terminal, stigma 2-3 lobed. Fruit a drupe, 16-18 mm across, globose, greenish-yellow, fulvous hairy when young, wrinkled when ripe; seeds 2-3, globose, black.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Habit: A medium-sized deciduous tree, upto 14m.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Morphology
Growth Form
Tree
Flower
In axillary and terminal panicles; cream, rusty tomentose. Flowering from February-April and August-December.
Fruit
An ovoid drupe, lobed, smooth, brownish-yellow, rusty. Fruiting throughout the year.
Field tips
Bark grey with rough scales.
Leaf Arrangement
Alternate-spiral
Leaf Type
Paripinnate
Leaf Shape
Oblanceolate
Leaf Apex
Emarginate or retuse
Leaf Base
Cuneate
Leaf Margin
Entire
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Found in deciduous belts from plains to 750m. Common. Peninsular India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Global Distribution
South Asia
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
System of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda
Siddha
Unani
Sowa-Rigpa
Fruits used as a subtitute for soap.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Medicinal
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
System Of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda, Sowa-Rigpa, Unani, Siddha
FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1852
| Attributions | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1852 |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Sapindus laurifolius Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 54. 1794; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 250(178). 1918; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 71. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 125. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 114. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 111. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 132. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 78. 1995; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 176. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 143. 2005.
- Sapindus trifoliatus L., Sp. Pl. 367. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 682. 1875; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 108. 1985; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 19. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 119. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 77. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 165. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 80. 1998; P.C. Pant in N.P. Singh et al., Fl. India 5: 382. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 75. 2002; P. Singh & E. Vajr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 785. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 186. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 246. 2009.
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1852
Information Listing > References
- Sapindus laurifolius Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 54. 1794; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 250(178). 1918; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 71. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 125. 1984; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 114. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 111. 1989; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 132. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 78. 1995; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 176. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 143. 2005.
- Sapindus trifoliatus L., Sp. Pl. 367. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 682. 1875; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 108. 1985; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 19. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 119. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 77. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 165. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 80. 1998; P.C. Pant in N.P. Singh et al., Fl. India 5: 382. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 75. 2002; P. Singh & E. Vajr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 785. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 186. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 246. 2009.
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1852
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Sapindaceae |
| Genus | Sapindus |
| Species | Sapindus trifoliatus L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups
