Pavonia species herbs, undershrubs or shrubs. Stems erect, branches pubescent with stellate hairs and sometimes glabrate. Leaves alternate, simple or lobed, orbicular-ovate to lanceolate-elliptic, base truncate to cordate, margins entire or crenate-dentate, apex acute to acuminate, petiolate, stipules linear subulate, filiform, persistent. Inflorescence usually axillary solitary, terminal panicles or racemes, by the reduction of upper leaves. Flowers bisexual, pedicel slender, jointed above the middle, epicalyx segments 5-12, base free or connate sometimes, calyx 5 lobed or toothed, campanulate or tubular, persistent, corolla showy, yellow, white, red, pink. Staminal column almost as long as petals, anthers basifixed, througout. Ovary 5 carpellate, ovules 1 per locule, style 10, 2 per carpel, stigma 10, capitate. Fruit indehiscent, schizocarp, oblate or discoid, not angled, minutely pubescent or glabrous, mericarps 5, reniform, winged or not, veined reticulately. Seed 1 in each mericarp, reniform, glabrous or hairy.
![Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.](https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/crop/img//Pavonia procumbens/Pavonia_procumbens_1.jpg?h=34)
![Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp., Image kind: Photograph.](https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/crop/img//Pavonia procumbens/Pavonia_procumbens_5.jpg?h=34)
![Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp., Image kind: Photograph.](https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/crop/img//Pavonia procumbens/Pavonia_procumbens_4.jpg?h=34)
![Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp., Image kind: Photograph.](https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/crop/img//Pavonia procumbens/Pavonia_procumbens_6.jpg?h=34)
![Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.](https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/crop/img//Pavonia procumbens/Pavonia_procumbens_3.jpg?h=34)
![Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.](https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/crop/img//Pavonia procumbens/Pavonia_procumbens_2.jpg?h=34)
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Abutilon wituense E. G. Baker |
synonym | Lebretonia cordata Hochst. ex Mast. |
synonym | Lebretonia flava Wall. |
synonym | Lebretonia glechomifolia A. Rich. |
synonym | Lebretonia procumbens Wight & Arn. |
synonym | Lebretonia procumbens Wight ex Wight & Arn. |
synonym | Pavonia coxii Tadul. & Jacob |
synonym | Pavonia ctenophora Ulbr. |
synonym | Pavonia glabra (R. Br.) Alston |
synonym | Pavonia glechomifolia (A. Rich.) Garcke ex Schweinf. |
synonym | Pavonia somalensis Mattei |
synonym | Pavonia stefanini Ulbr. |
synonym | Pavonia ukambanica Ulbr. |
synonym | Urena cordata Herb. Heyne ex Mast. |
🗒 Common Names
Eng |
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📚 Overview
Summary
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
References
Repert. Bot. Syst. (Walpers). 1: 301. 1842
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Natural History
Reproduction
Pavonia species flowers are complete, bisexual, i.e., with functional male (androecium) and female (gynoecium), including stamens, carpels and ovary. Pollination is entomophilous i.e., by insects, or cleistogamy i.e., by self or allogamy i.e., by cross pollination. Flowering/Fruiting: August—December.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Dispersal
Seeds may be dispersed by autochory i.e., self dispersal, anemochory i.e., wind dispersal, zoochory i.e., dispersal by birds or animals, anthropochory i.e., dispersal by humans.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Morphology
Perennial herbs or undershrubs, erect, about 0.3-1.5 cm tall. Stems, branches, petioles and pedicels pubescent with simple, minute stellate hairs and some hairs gland tipped. Leaves alternate, simple or 3 lobed, suborbicular to broadly ovate, about 2-10 x 1.5-9 cm across, base cordate, 5-7 veined, margins coarsely crenate to serrate, apex obtuse with mucronate tip or obtusely acuminate, sparsely pubescent minute stellate hairs and simple hairs above and densely pubescent with minute stellate hairs beneath, ultimately glabrescent, petiole minutely stellate pubescent, about 0.5-9 cm long, stipules linear subulate, filiform, stellate hairy, persistent, about 3-5 mm long. Inflorescence usually axillary solitary. Flowers bisexual, pedicel slender, jointed above the middle near apex, densely stellate hairy, about 1.5-6.5 cm long, epicalyx segments 5, linear, base free, rotate, apex acute to acuminate, persistent, about 5-10 x 3-6 mm across, calyx 5 lobed or toothed, campanulate, base shortly connate, persistent, lobes lanceolate-ovate, stellate hairy inside, densely stellate hairy outside, about 9-12 mm across, corolla showy, yellow, white, petals obovate, hairy near the base, apex obtuse, about 14-16 x 10-12 mm across. Staminal column, about 5 mm long, anthers basifixed, througout. Ovary 5 carpellate, ovules 1 per locule, style 10, 2 per carpel, stigma 10, capitate. Fruit indehiscent, schizocarp, oblate or discoid, about 4-5 mm across, not angled, ferruginous stellate hairy or glabrous, mericarps 5, reniform, about 5 x 3 mm across, shortly winged or not, veined reticulately. Seed 1 in each mericarp, reniform, about 2 mm across, glabrous, blackish brown.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Diseases
Pavonia species are susceptible to various insect pests, virus and fungi, affecting leaves, fruits and roots.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Deciduous and dry deciduous forests.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Description
Global Distribution
Asia: India, Pakistan; Europe.
Local Distribution
Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
Not evaluated (IUCN).
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Used in folk medicine.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://tropicos.org/Name/19600085 #The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=563031-1&back_page=%2Fipni%2FeditSimplePlantNameSearch.do%3Ffind_wholeName%3DPavonia%2Bprocumbens%26output_format%3Dnormal #The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2547308 #Catalogue of Life: 2015 Annual Checklist. URL: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/50546902a6439af45104067fce80a89e/synonym/f4e1fc5c6b4e1e0b98372206ee0ec399 #Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.Flora of Pakistan, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & #Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=250071435 #Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. #Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. #Saxena, N. B. & Shamindra Saxena (2001) Plant Taxonomy. Reprint by Pragati Prakashan, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. 243-251.#Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 331. #Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 3: 374. Flowers of India URL: http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Prostrate%20Swamp%20Mallow.html #Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.#IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 10 February 2017. #Plant reproductive morphology. (2014, November 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:57, April 9, 2015, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400#Seed dispersal. (2015, March 29). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:59, April 9, 2015, from, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927License*:
Information Listing > References
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://tropicos.org/Name/19600085 #The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=563031-1&back_page=%2Fipni%2FeditSimplePlantNameSearch.do%3Ffind_wholeName%3DPavonia%2Bprocumbens%26output_format%3Dnormal #The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2547308 #Catalogue of Life: 2015 Annual Checklist. URL: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/50546902a6439af45104067fce80a89e/synonym/f4e1fc5c6b4e1e0b98372206ee0ec399 #Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.Flora of Pakistan, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & #Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=250071435 #Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. #Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. #Saxena, N. B. & Shamindra Saxena (2001) Plant Taxonomy. Reprint by Pragati Prakashan, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. 243-251.#Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 331. #Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 3: 374. Flowers of India URL: http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Prostrate%20Swamp%20Mallow.html #Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.#IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 10 February 2017. #Plant reproductive morphology. (2014, November 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:57, April 9, 2015, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400#Seed dispersal. (2015, March 29). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:59, April 9, 2015, from, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927License*:
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
Order | Malvales Juss. |
Family | Malvaceae Juss. |
Genus | Pavonia Cav. |
Species | Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations