Palm tree
Caryota urens L.
🗒 Synonyms
No Data |
🗒 Common Names
Assamese |
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Kannada |
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Konkani |
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📚 Overview
Summary
Common in open evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, up to 1400 m.
B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
Attributions | B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Description
Monoecious stout tall palms, 16-20 m tall, 30-50 cm diam., trunk smooth with prominent annular leaf-scars. Leaves bipinnate, 4-6 m long; pinnae 5-7 pairs, to 1.5 m long; leaflets broadly cuneate, fan-shaped, 12-20 cm long, 7-10 cm wide at wider portion, raemorse at apex, many ribbed. Spadix interfoliar, shortly peduncled, much branched, pendulous, to 4 m long; spathes few, 40-50 cm long. Flowers many, in triads with female flower in the middle. Sepals 3, rounded, imbricate. Petals linear-oblong, valvate. Stamens many. Ovary 3-celled, 3-gonous; ovule 1-per locule. Fruit c. 2 cm across, globose, reddish purple. Seeds plano-convex, subreniform.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Fruit insertion
Habit
Palms up to 15 m tall.
Trunk & Bark
Trunk smooth with annular leaf scars.
Leaves
Leaves compound, bipinnate, to 5 m long; pinnae 5-7 pairs, to 1.5 m long, leaflets lamina 25 x 10 cm, cuneiform, apex premorse.
Inflorescence / Flower
Inflorescence spadices, shortly peduncled, much branched; spathes 3-5; spikelets closely arranged on the rachillae; flowers unisexual.
Fruit and Seed
Berry, stalked, ovoid or globose; 1-2 seeded, ruminate.
B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
Attributions | B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Cyclicity
Flower blooms during Summer
Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
Flowering and fruiting: January-April
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Morphology
Growth Form
Tree
Tall unbranched palm with peristant scars of leaf bases. Leaves in terminal clusters, few, large, bi-pinnatisect, leaf-sheaths large, clasping basaly the trunk. Flower in much branched spadix of 8-10 ft. long, arise from the upper leaf-sheaths and then successively come downwards, monoecious. Fruit globose, 1-2-seeded, pulp pungent; seeds with hard testa. Comonly found all over the state, usually along hill streams.
Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
Ecology
Common in open evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, up to 1400 m.
B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
Attributions | B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Evergreen forests, also in the plains
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Description
Global Distribution
India: Assam, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu;laos, Thailand
Indian Distribution
Assam
Indomalaysia; in the Western Ghats- South Central and south Maharashtra Sahyadris.
B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
Attributions | B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Global Distribution
Indo-Malesia
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
System of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda
Folk medicine
Siddha
System Of Medicines Used In
Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Siddha
FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=454
Attributions | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=454 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Seeds eaten, but its pericarp is notorious for irritation, precautions are taken during taking out the seed. Not so sweet, little bitterness is there.
Wild edible plants of Assam. by Sri Brahmananda Patiri and Sri Ananta Borah, published by the Director Forest Communication, Forest Department, Assam. Curated for upload by Pranjal Mahananda.
Medicinal
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=454
- Caryota urens L., Sp. Pl. 1189. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 422. 1892; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1560(1089). 1931; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 300. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 427. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 413. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 829. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 529. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 492. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 26. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 480. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 745. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 470. 1998; Renuka, Palms Kerala 35. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 363. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 746. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 520. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 715. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 898. 2009.
Information Listing > References
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=454
- Caryota urens L., Sp. Pl. 1189. 1753; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 422. 1892; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1560(1089). 1931; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 300. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 427. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 413. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 829. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 529. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 492. 1994; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 26. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 480. 1996; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 745. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 470. 1998; Renuka, Palms Kerala 35. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 363. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 746. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 520. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 715. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 898. 2009.
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🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Liliopsida |
Order | Arecales |
Family | Arecaceae |
Genus | Caryota |
Species | Caryota urens L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups