Fig 1.
Collections of the 30 specimens of the genus Vasconcellea from the Region Amazonas, northern Peru.
The national, provincial and district boundaries were obtained from the Geoportal of the National Geographic Institute of Peru (IGN) in shapefile format with a DATUM WGS 1984 for illustrative purposes only.
Table 1.
List of samples of highland papayas collected in Region Amazonas, northern Peru.
Table 2.
List of species used in the molecular analyses.
Fig 2.
Phylogenetic tree based on maximum likelihood inference of combined matK, rbcL, trnL-trnF, psbA-trnH, rpl20-prs12, and ITS data.
Value above branches = Maximum likelihood bootstrap values (BS)/Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). Bars represent species delimitation results from ABGD-, SPN-, GMYC- and BPP-based algorithmic methods with six molecular markers. The scale bar indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.
Table 3.
Lowest genetic distance (p-distances) in percentage for species of Vasconcellea for six markers.
Table 4.
Species number in Vasconcellea identified with DNA-based species-delimitations methods and phylogeny.
Fig 3.
Morphology of Vasconcellea badilloi sp. nov. (CHAX224).
A, Habit. B, Palmately compound leaf. C, Axillary flowers. D, Female inflorescence. E, F, Mature fruit.
Fig 4.
Morphology of Vasconcellea carvalhoae (CHAX227).
A, Habit. B, Palmately compound leaf. C,. Female inflorescence. D, E, Female flowers with stigmas split into 2–3 ends (D) and superior ovaries (E). F, Immature fruit. G, Mature fruit.
Fig 5.
Morphology of Vasconcellea chachapoyensis sp. nov. (CHAX235).
A, Habit. B, Palmately compound leaf. C, Female inflorescence. D, Male flower. E, F, Mature fruits with acuminate apex. G, 5-locular ovary.
Fig 6.
Morphology of Vasconcellea pentalobis sp. nov. (CHAX238).
A, Habit. B,. Palmately compound leaf with four basal leaflets and a central pentalobed leafleft. C, Female flower with stigmas split in 2–3 ends. D, Dextrorotatory female flower. E, Immature fruit. F, Mature fruit.
Fig 7.
Morphology of Vasconcellea peruviensis (CHAX245).
A, Habit. B, Palmately compound leaf. C, Female inflorescence. D, Pistillate flower. E, Staminate flower. F, Immature fruit. G, Mature fruit.