Abstract
Stenochlaena palustris (family Blechnaceae) is a fern species that occurs in the tropics and subtropics. They have been used as edible wild vegetables and folk medicine by the indigenous people in the Asian region. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, gums, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids, and alkaloids in S. palustris. Nonetheless, the main secondary metabolites identified from the fern are kaempferol glycosides, fatty acids and phytosterols. Phytocompounds and solvent extracts derived from the fern were demonstrated to have antioxidant, antiglucosidase, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-butyrylcholinesterase, anti-metalotoxic, antipyretic, and termiticidal activities. In nursing mothers, the juice of the fern stimulated breast milk production. The antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of the fern also contributed to their applications in food, cosmetics, and food packaging material. Thus, current literature indicates that S. palustris is a promising source of phytochemicals with potential applications in health promotion, food, and cosmetics, which deserves future research attention. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge pertaining to the biological activities of phytocompounds and extracts of S. palustris.
Abbreviations
- ABTS:
-
2,2′-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
- AGI:
-
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
- BChE:
-
butyrylcholinesterase
- DPPH:
-
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
- DU145:
-
Duke University 145
- EC50:
-
half-maximal effective concentration
- EGFR-TK:
-
epidermal growth factor receptor protein tyrosine
- FRAP:
-
ferric reducing antioxidant power
- GAE:
-
gallic acid equivalent
- GC-MS:
-
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- H2O2:
-
hydrogen peroxide
- HD:
-
hydrolysis degrees
- HeLa:
-
Henrietta Lacks
- LC50:
-
lethal concentration 50
- LC-MS:
-
liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
- MCF-7:
-
Michigan Cancer Foundation-7
- MDA-MB-231:
-
MD Anderson-Metastatic Breast-231
- MIC:
-
minimum inhibitory concentration
- NMR:
-
nuclear magnetic resonance
- PVA:
-
poly (vinyl alcohol)
- ROS:
-
reactive oxygen species
- TF:
-
total flavonoid
- TH:
-
total hydroxycinnamic acid
- TP:
-
total phenolic
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Quah, Y., Tong, SR., Tan, SA., Chow, YL., Chai, TT. (2022). Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Stenochlaena palustris. In: Murthy, H.N. (eds) Bioactive Compounds in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97415-2_26-1
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