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Bougainvillea

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Floriculture and Ornamental Plants

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Abstract

Bougainvillea (Fam. Nyctaginaceae) is one of the most important perennial ornamental shrubs, sometimes a climber, in tropical and subtropical gardens. It is a very important floriculture crop for multipurpose use. The genus has approximately 18 species of which three (B. spectabilis Willdenow, B. glabra Choisy, and B. peruviana Humboldt and Bonpland) are horticulturally important. A good number of varieties have been developed in different parts of world/India through detection and isolation of bud sports, crosses among three basal species and varieties, selection and induced mutations. All basic scientific information is available on different aspects of Bougainvillea. Basic cytogenetic studies were directed towards determination of chromosome number, DNA content, mitotic and meiotic divisions, karyotypic analysis, colchi-ploidy, etc. Studies have opened a new way to synthesize new variety through chromosomal manipulations. Pollination mechanism, breeding system, and cross compatibility relationship have also been studied. Horto-taxonomical studies were initiated on important Bougainvillea species and cultivars. Extensive studies in this direction have enriched information on morphological descriptions, habit, growth, agro-technology, techno-economics, flowering behavior, affinities with colored illustrations, and their usage. Extensive work has been carried out on induced mutagenesis and relative sensitivity of different single and double bracted varieties to mutagens have been determined very critically, and a number of promising mutant varieties have been developed and released. Mist propagation and micropropagation technique has been standardized for difficult-to-root and promising cultivars. A good amount of variety-specific morpho-chemical characters and desirable genes have been identified through characterization.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India

    S. K. Datta

  2. Bose Institute, Kolkata, India

    S. K. Datta

  3. Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India

    S. K. Datta

  4. Department of Horticulture UAS, GKVK, Bangalore, India

    R. Jayanthi

  5. Horticultural Science Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India

    T. Janakiram

Authors
  1. S. K. Datta
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  2. R. Jayanthi
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  3. T. Janakiram
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    S. K Datta

  2. Dept of Floriculture & Landscape Archite, Y.S. Parmer Univ of Horticulture & Fores, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Youdh Chand Gupta

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Datta, S.K., Jayanthi, R., Janakiram, T. (2021). Bougainvillea. In: Datta, S.K., Gupta, Y.C. (eds) Floriculture and Ornamental Plants. Handbooks of Crop Diversity: Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1554-5_2-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1554-5_2-1

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