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The role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis

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Abstract

Purpose

Apoptosis is an important physiological process, making a great difference to development and tissue homeostasis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage and bone hyperplasia. This purpose of this study is to provide an updated review of the role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.

Methods

A comprehensive review of the literature on osteoarthritis and apoptosis was performed, which mainly focused on the regulatory factors and signaling pathways associated with chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis and other pathogenic mechanisms involved in chondrocyte apoptosis.

Results

Inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Fas are closely related to chondrocyte apoptosis. NF-κB signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and Notch signaling pathway activate proteins and gene targets that promote or inhibit the progression of osteoarthritis disease, including chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (microRNAs) have gradually replaced single and localized research methods and become the main research approaches. In addition, the relationship between cellular senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis was also briefly explained.

Conclusion

This review offers a better molecular delineation of apoptotic processes that may help in designing new therapeutic options for OA treatment.

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Data Availability

Data (review of the literature) are available in a data repository.

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Funding

This publication was supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Program Special Funds Project (Key R&D Program for Social Development) (BE2022801), The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine), and Jiangsu Postgraduate Practice Innovation Program Project (SJCX21_0727).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China

    Si-Qi Xiao, Miao Cheng, Liang Fang & Xiao-Jin He

  2. Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China

    Si-Qi Xiao, Miao Cheng, Lei Wang, Jing Cao, Liang Fang & Xiao-Jin He

  3. The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Xue-Ping Zhou & Yu-Feng Hu

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  1. Si-Qi Xiao
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Si-Qi Xiao and Miao Cheng contributed equally. X. H. and Y. H. contributed to suggesting ideas and critically revise the manuscript; M. C. and S. X. participated in original writing of the manuscript; L. W., J. C., and L. F. involved in literature search; and X. Z. did the data analysis.

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Xiao, SQ., Cheng, M., Wang, L. et al. The role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 47, 1895–1919 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-023-05847-1

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