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Laetmonice iocasica sp. nov., a new polychaete species (Annelida: Aphroditidae) from seamounts in the tropical Western Pacific, with remarks on L. producta Grube, 1877

  • Seamount Megabenthos Taxonomy and Phylogeny
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Abstract

Laetmonice Kinberg, 1856 is a remarkable genus characterized by having harpoon notochaetae in the polychaete family Aphroditidae. We describe a new species of Laetmonice, Laetmonice iocasica sp. nov., found from seamounts on the Caroline Ridge in the tropical Western Pacific. The new species is readily distinguished from congeners, particularly those distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean by possessing 45 segments with 18 pairs of elytra, and the tuberculated harpoon notochaetae in the elytrigerous segments, which are replaced by tuberculated notochaetae without recurved fangs on segments 4 and 5. Laetmonice iocasica sp. nov. is closely related to L. producta Grube, 1877, but differs in both morphology and the genetic distance of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences. Laetmonice producta Grube, 1877 contained five varieties reported in various marine areas, which have been raised to species level. However, the records of L. producta from the Sagami Bay and Suruga Bay in Japan and in the south-eastern Australia remain obscure and probably represent a different species. The data indicate that L. producta, which was originally described from Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean and later commonly found on the Antarctic shelf, is probably distributed only at high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.

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Data Availability Statement

Sequence data that support the findings of this study have been deposited in the GenBank.

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Acknowledgment

We are grateful for the crew of the R/V Kexue and the ROV Faxian team, for their effort in sampling the precious material. We also thank Mr. Shaoqing WANG for photographing the fresh specimens onboard.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phytogeny, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Xuwen Wu & Kuidong Xu

  2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China

    Kuidong Xu

  3. Australian Museum, Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia

    Pat Hutchings & Anna Murray

  4. Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, Australia

    Pat Hutchings & Anna Murray

  5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Kuidong Xu

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  1. Xuwen Wu
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  2. Pat Hutchings
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Correspondence to Kuidong Xu.

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Supported by the Science & Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China (No. 2017FY100804), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41930533), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB42000000), the Biological Resources Program, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KFJ-BRP-017-46), the Key Development Project of Centre for Ocean Mega-Research of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. COMS2019R01), and the Senior User Project of R/V Kexue (No. KEXUE2019GZ04)

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Wu, X., Hutchings, P., Murray, A. et al. Laetmonice iocasica sp. nov., a new polychaete species (Annelida: Aphroditidae) from seamounts in the tropical Western Pacific, with remarks on L. producta Grube, 1877. J. Ocean. Limnol. 39, 1805–1816 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-021-0413-6

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