Abstract
Accessibility to a wide inventory of the genetic diversity is desirable for genetic improvement of a crop. Rare availability of wild species which acts as reservoir for a number of important traits makes their biomolecular characterization highly significant. Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. genotypes were subjected to molecular characterization by employing random amplified polymorphic DNA (54 genotypes) and seed storage protein profile (53 genotypes) along with two wild species, C. serrata Schinz. and C. senegalensis Guill. & Perr. The aim of this study was to analyse the extent of genetic variability, similarity and species identification. A total of 271 bands were amplified using 25 RAPD primers with an average of 10.84 bands per primer, whereas electrophoretic profile of seed storage proteins produced a total of 37 bands having relative mobility values ranging from 0.13 to 1.00, out of which 15 bands were polymorphic. A few DNA and protein bands specific to wild species were identified which showed that these are genetically distinct from C. tetragonoloba genotypes. Among 25 primers employed for the study, 9 produced a total of 12 unique alleles; however, some genotype/species-specific bands were also obtained in protein profiling. Jaccard’s coefficient-based genetic similarity indices ranged from 0.31 to 0.86 with an average of 0.58, indicating the presence of high levels of DNA polymorphism. But for seed storage proteins, similarity indices ranged from 0.70 to 1.00, indicating less protein variability. The dendrogram constructed by the UPGMA mode revealed genetic relationships among different C. tetragonoloba genotypes and among species. This study provides valuable information regarding characterization, identification, management, parental selection and seed purity that can be used in a synergistic way for augmenting the guar improvement programme in India.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmad F (1999) Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis reveals genetic relationships among the annual Cicer species. Theor Appl Genet 98:657–663
Ahmad N, Munir I, Khan IA, Ali W (2007) PCR-based genetic diversity of rapeseed germplasm using RAPD markers. Biotechnology 6:334–338
Asante IK, Offei SK (2003) RAPD based genetic diversity study of fifty cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) Genotypes. Euphytica 131:113–119
Atienzar F, Evenden A, Jha A, Savva D, Depledge M (2000) Optimized RAPD analysis generates high-quality genomic DNA profiles at high annealing temperatures. Biotechniques 28:52–54
Barakat H (2004) Genetic fingerprinting and relationships of six soybeans (Glycine max L.) cultivars based on protein and DNA polymorphism. Int J Agric Biol 6:877–883
Birmeta G, Nybom H, Bekele E (2004) Distinction between wild and cultivated enset (Ensete ventricosum) gene pools in Ethiopia using RAPD markers. Hereditas 140:139–148
Botstein B, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW (1980) Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Amer J Hum Genet 32:314–331
Cenkci S, Yildiz M, Konuk M, Eren Y (2008) RAPD analyses of some wild Triticum L. and Aegilops L. species and wheat cultivars in Turkey. Acta Biol Cracov Ser Bot 50(1):35–42
Černý J, Šašek A (1996) Bílkovinné signální geny pšenice obecné. UZPI, Praha, pp 1–66
Cipriani G, DI Bella R, Testolin R (1996) Screening RAPDs primers for molecular taxonomy and cultivar fingerprinting in the genus, Actinida. Euphytica 90:169–174
Congiu L, Chicca R, Cella R (2000) The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to identify strawberry varieties: a forensic application. Molec Ecol 9:229–232
Dadlani M, Varier A (1993) Electrophoresis for variety identification. Technical Bulletin, Division of Seed Science and Technology, IARI, New Delhi
Das S, Mukarjee KK (1995) Comparative study on seed storage proteins of Ipomoea. Seed Sci Technol 23:501–509
de Candolle AP (1925) Memoires sur la famille des legomineuses. A. Berlin, Germany, Paris
De Laia M, Gomes EA, Esbrisse EJ, Arajo EF (2000) Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of genotypic identities in Eucalyptus clones. Silvae Genet 49:239–243
De Vries IM (1996) Characterization and identification of Lactuca sativa cultivars and wild relatives with SDS-electrophoresis (Lactuca sect. Lactuca, Compositae). Genet Res Crop Evol 43:193–202
Dvoracek V, Curn V (2003) Evaluation of protein fractions as biochemical markers for identification of spelt wheat cultivars (Triticum spelta L.). Pl Soil Environ 49(3):99–105
Ellsworth DL, Ritten House KD, Honeycutt RL (1993) Artifactual variation in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA banding patterns. Biotechniques 14:214–217
Ferguson JM, Grabe DF (1986) Identification of cultivars of perennial ryegrass by SDS-PAGE of seed storage proteins. Crop Sci 26:170–176
Ghafoor A, Ahmad Z (2005) Diversity of agronomic traits and total seed storage protein in black gram Vigna mungo (L.) Hepp. Acta Biol Cracov Ser Bot 47(2):69–75
Ghafoor A, Arshad M (2008) Seed storage protein profiling of Pisum sativum L. germplasm using SDS-PAGE for investigation of biodiversity. Pak J Bot 40(6):2315–2321
Gillet JB (1958) Indigofera (Micro charis) in tropical Africa with related genera Cymopsis and Rhynchotropis. Kew Bull Addit Ser 1:1–16
Goyal KC, Sharma SN (2003) Biochemical approach for identification of clusterbean varieties. Indian J Pl Physiol 8(4):402–404
Gustafson DJ, Gibson J, Nickrent DL (1999) Random amplified polymorphic DNA variation among remnant big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) populations from Arkansas’ Grand Prairie. Molec Ecol 8:1693–1701
Iqbal SH, Ghafoor A, Ayub N (2005) Relationship between SDS-PAGE markers and Ascochyta blight in chickpea. Pak J Bot 37:87–96
Javaid A, Ghafoor A, Anwar R (2004) Seed storage protein electrophoresis in groundnut for evaluating genetic diversity. Pak J Bot 36:25–29
Jha SS, Ohri D (1996) Phylogenetic relationships of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (pigeonpea) and its wild relatives based on seed storage protein profiles. Genet Res Crop Evol 43:275–281
Joshi UN (2004) Advances in Chemistry, Biochemistry and Industrial Utilization of Guar Seed. In: Singh JV, Dahiya BS (eds) Guar. Indian Society of Forage Research, Hisar and Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), New Delhi, India, pp 197–229
Joshi UN, Kumar S (2004) Industrial Utilization of Guar. Lecture delivered in training on Taming Drought, Sustaining Soil Productivity and Diversification of Agriculture Through Arid Legumes organized at CAZRI, Jodhpur, Rajasthan during 13–22 December, 2004, sponsored by ICAR, New Delhi, pp 234–241
Kaga A, Tomooka N, Egava Y, Hosaka K, Kamijima O (1996) Species relationship in the subgenus Ceratotropis (genus Vigna) as revealed by RAPD analysis. Euphytica 88:17–24
Kaul VK, Kachhwaha S, Kothari SL (2012) Characterization of genetic diversity in Jatropha curcas L. germplasm using RAPD and ISSR markers. Indian J Biotech 11:54–61
Kumar S (2002) Characterization of clusterbean cultivars using laboratory techniques and filed parameters. M.Sc. Thesis, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Kumar A, Chowdhury RK, Kapoor RL, Dahiya OS (1995) Identification of pearl millet hybrids and their parental lines using seed and seedling characters, chemical tests and gel electrophoresis. Seed Sci Technol 23:21–32
Kumar S, Joshi UN, Singh V, Singh JV, Saini ML (2013) Characterization of released and elite genotypes of guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] from India proves unrelated to geographical origin. Genet Res Crop Evol 60:2017–2032
Mukhlesur RM, Hirata Y, Alam SE (2004) Genetic variation within Brassica rapa cultivars using SDS-PAGE for seed storage protein and isozyme analysis. J Biol Sci 4(2):239–242
Muralidharan K, Wakeland EK (1993) Concentration of primer and template qualitatively affects products in random amplified polymorphic DNA PCR. Biotechniques 14:362–364
Murphy RW, Sites JW, Buth DG, Haufler CH (1990) Protein I: isozyme electrophoresis. In: Hillis DH, Moritz C (eds) Molecular systematics. Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, pp 45–126
Neeraja CN, Sarla N, Siddiq EA (2002) RAPD analysis of genetic diversity in Indian land races of rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Pl Biochem Biotech 11:93–97
Nybom H (1994) DNA fingerprinting—a useful tool in fruit breeding. Euphytica 77:59–64
Palomino EC, Mori ES, Zimback L, Tambarussi EV, de Moraes CB (2005) Genetic diversity of common bean genotypes of Carioca commercial group using RAPD markers. Crop Breed Appl Biotech 5:80–85
Pathak R, Singh SK, Singh M, Henry A (2010) Molecular assessment of genetic diversity in cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genotypes. J Genet 89:243–246
Punia A, Yadav R, Arora P, Chaudhury A (2009) Molecular and morphophysiological characterization of superior cluster bean (cymopsis tetragonoloba) varieties. J Crop Sci Biotech 12:143–148
Rafalski JA, Tingey SV, Williams JGK (1991) RAPD markers—a new technology for genetic mapping and plant breeding. Agbiotech News Info 3:645–648
Rao R, Vaglio MD, Paino M, Urzo D, Monti L, Vaglio MD (1992) Identification of Vigna spp. through specific seed storage polypeptides. Euphytica 62:39–43
Ratnaparkhe MB, Gupta VS, Ven Murthy MR, Ranjekar PK (1995) Genetic fingerprinting of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] and its wild relatives using RAPD markers. Theor Appl Genet 91:893–898
Reiter RS, Williams JGK, Feldmann KA, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV, Scolnik PA (1992) Global and local genome mapping in Arabidopsis thaliana by using recombinant inbred lines and random amplified polymorphic DNAs probe. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 89:1477–1481
Rohlf FJ (1990) NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Appl Bio Stat, New York
Sadia M, Malik SA, Rabbani MA, Pearce SR (2009) Electrophoretic characterization and the relationship between some Brassica species. Electronic J Biol 5:1–4
Sant VJ, Patankar AG, Sarode ND, Mhase LB, Sainani MN, Deshmukh RB, Ranjekar PK, Gupta VS (1999) Potential of DNA markers in detecting divergence and in analyzing heterosis in Indian elite chickpea cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 98:1217–1225
Siegel BZ (1993) Plant peroxidases an organismic perspective. Pl Growth Reg, Berlin 12:303–312
Singh R (2001) Characterization of chickpea cultivars by field and laboratory techniques. Ph.D. Thesis, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar.
Singh JV, Satyaprakash TL, Punia A, Saini ML (2002) Principal component analysis of diverse cluster bean germplasm. Paper presented in “National symposium on arid legumes for food, nutrition security and promotion of Trade” held from 15-16 May, 2002 at CCSHAU, Hisar, p 18
Singh AK, Singh M, Singh AK, Singh R, Kumar S, Kalloo G (2006) Genetic diversity within the genus Solanum (Solanaceae) as revealed by RAPD markers. Curr Sci 90(5):711–716
Sonnante G, de Paolis A, Lattanzio V (2002) Genetic variation in wild and cultivated artichoke revealed by RAPD markers. Genet Res Crop Evol 49:247–252
Tanksley SD, Young ND, Paterson AH, Bonierbale MW (1989) RFLP mapping in plant breeding-new tools for an old science. Biotechnology 7:257–264
Thorpe RS (1983) A review of the numerical methods for recognizing and analysis varietal differentiation. In: Felsenstein J (ed) Numerical Taxonomy, NATO ASI Series. Springer Verlag Berlin, Germany
Wilson DO, Reisenauer HM (1963) Cobalt requirement of symbiotically grown alfalfa. Pl Soil 18:364–373
Xavier GR, Martins LMV, Rumjanek NG, Ereire-Filho FR (2005) Cowpea genetic variability analyzed by RAPD markers. Pesq Agropecu Brasil 40:353–359
Zhao XW, Wu T, Xie Y, Wu R (1989) Genomic specific repetitive sequences in the genus oryza. Theor Appl Genet 78:201–209
Zaher AE, Mustafa MA (2007) Genetic variation among Egyptian cultivars of Vicia faba L. Pak J Biol Sci. pp 1–7
Acknowledgments
The financial help provided by the National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) is duly acknowledged by the authors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Handling editor: Mark Mort.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kumar, S., Joshi, U.N., Sangwan, S. et al. Biomolecular characterization of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genotypes along with wild species, C. serrata and C. senegalensis . Plant Syst Evol 301, 1249–1262 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1148-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1148-z