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Implication of plant-soil relationships for conservation and restoration of copper-cobalt ecosystems

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Abstract

Background

Chemical soil factors play an important role in generating and maintaining plant diversity. Naturally metal-enriched habitats support highly distinctive plant communities consisting of many rare and endemic species. Species of these plant communities possess remarkable physiological adaptations and are now being considered key elements in the implementation of green technologies aimed at phytoremediation of contaminated soils and post-mined soils. Several studies have emphasised that industrial mineral extraction results in serious damage to ecosystems and serious threats to human health and leads to the extinction of metallophyte species. In the southeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), mining activities represent a threat to the long-term persistence of communities located on metalliferous copper and cobalt outcrops and their associated endemic metallophytes, which are currently considered some of the most critically endangered plants in the world.

Scope

Plant diversity conservation of metal-rich soils must assess soil-plant relationships at different scales (ecosystems, communities, and populations) to define in-situ and ex-situ conservation and restoration projects. This paper proposes a review of soil-plant relationships involved in plant diversity and endemism and their implications for biodiversity conservation and restoration.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Hans Lambers and Etienne Laliberté (School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia) and Antony van der Ent (Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, University of Queensland) for relevant comments and language revision of the manuscript. University of Lubumbashi and the NGO Biodiversité au southeast DRC (BAK) are gratefully acknowledged for the welcome given to MPF. We thank the company Tenke Fungurume Mining (TFM) for the logistic and financial support to conduct part of our study and the Fonds de la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA) of the FNRS (Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique), Belgium for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hydrogeochimical Interactions Soil-Environment (HydrISE) Unit, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais (ISAB-IGAL), 15 rue Pierre Waguet, Beauvais, 60026, France

    Michel-Pierre Faucon, Bastien Lange & Olivier Pourret

  2. Biodiversity and Landscape Unit, Biosystem Engineering Department (BIOSE), University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, 2 Passage des Déportés, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium

    Soizig Le Stradic, Sylvain Boisson, Edouard Ilunga wa Ilunga, Maxime Séleck & Grégory Mahy

  3. Ecology, Restoration Ecology and Landscape research Unit, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo

    Edouard Ilunga wa Ilunga & Mylor Ngoy Shutcha

  4. Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Biogeochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, BE-1050, Brussels, Belgium

    Bastien Lange, Delhaye Guillaume & Pierre Meerts

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  1. Michel-Pierre Faucon
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  2. Soizig Le Stradic
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  8. Mylor Ngoy Shutcha
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  9. Olivier Pourret
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  11. Grégory Mahy
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Correspondence to Michel-Pierre Faucon.

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Faucon, MP., Le Stradic, S., Boisson, S. et al. Implication of plant-soil relationships for conservation and restoration of copper-cobalt ecosystems. Plant Soil 403, 153–165 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2745-5

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