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Micropropagation and in vitro flowering in Basella alba

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Abstract

Basella alba is a perennial vine of the Basellaceae family used as a leafy vegetable, whose phytonutrients are exploited in the Indian medicinal system since antiquity for their antifungal, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiulcer, and analgesic properties. Propagation of Basella through seeds has limitations for germination and flowering. In vitro regeneration was studied on MS (Murashige & Skoog) media supplemented with various plant growth regulators, indole acetic acid (IAA), Indole butyric acid (IBA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), N, 6-benzyl adenine (BA), kinetin (KIN), zeatin (ZEA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and adenine sulphate (ADS), silver nitrate (AgNO3) as additives. Shoot bud initiation was observed in all combinations studied, showing a good response for direct regeneration. Shoot response (84%) was observed 12 days after inoculation in 1 mg l− 1 BA + 0.1 mg l− 1 NAA. A medium containing 0.1 mg l− 1 BA + 0.5 mg l− 1 KIN + 0.1 mg l− 1 IAA was preeminent for multiple shoots (22 ± 0.13) production with average shoot length (5.81 ± 0.19) in 5 weeks (wk). Supplementation of 40 mg l− 1 AgNO3 and 40 mg l− 1 ADS to a medium containing 1 mg l− 1 BA + 0.1 mg l− 1 NAA resulted in enhanced growth of shoots, that were 5.0 ± 0.53 cm long and with 12.0 ± 0.51 leaves. In vitro flowering was observed on MS medium with 0.5 mg l− 1 BA and 0.5 mg l− 1 GA3. The survival rate of hardened plants was 90% after transferring to the soil. This protocol can be efficiently used for mass production for regeneration of genetically transformed Basella spp. and in studying its metabolite profile specially betalains.

Key message

Axillary bud breaking in nodal explants on culture medium with BA+KIN + IAA could induce multiple shoots and further support in vitro flowering in presence of gibberellic acid.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) - NER (BT/PR16902/NER/95/422/2015), Government of India for financial support and encouragement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 059, India

    Manjula Ranganatha, Nagashree N. Rao & Ashwani Sharma

  2. Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 020, India

    Parvatam Giridhar

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  1. Manjula Ranganatha
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  2. Nagashree N. Rao
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  3. Parvatam Giridhar
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  4. Ashwani Sharma
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Contributions

MR, AS and NNR conducted the experiments, analysed the result and completion of the manuscript. PG did experiment design and manuscript drafting.

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Correspondence to Ashwani Sharma.

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Communicated by Amita Bhattacharya.

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Ranganatha, M., Rao, N.N., Giridhar, P. et al. Micropropagation and in vitro flowering in Basella alba. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 154, 111–119 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02515-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02515-5

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