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Potential of copper-tolerant grasses to implement phytostabilisation strategies on polluted soils in South D. R. Congo

Poaceae candidates for phytostabilisation

  • How can we restore the biodiversity and ecosystem services in mining and industrial sites?
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Abstract

Phytostabilisation (i.e. using plants to immobilise contaminants) represents a well-known technology to hamper heavy metal spread across landscapes. Southeastern D.R. Congo, Microchloa altera, a tolerant grass from the copper hills, was recently identified as a candidate species to stabilise copper in the soil. More than 50 grasses compose this flora, which may be studied to implement phytostabilisation strategies. However, little is known about their phenology, tolerance, reproductive strategy or demography. The present study aims to characterize the Poaceae that may be used in phytostabilisation purposes based on the following criteria: their ecological distribution, seed production at two times, abundance, soil coverage and the germination percentage of their seeds. We selected seven perennial Poaceae that occur on the copper hills. Their ecological distributions (i.e. species response curves) have been modelled along copper or cobalt gradients with generalised additive models using logic link based on 172 presence-absence samples on three sites. For other variables, a total of 69 quadrats (1 m2) were randomly placed across three sites and habitats. For each species, we compared the number of inflorescence-bearing stems (IBS) by plot, the percentage of cover, the number of seeds by IBS and the estimated number of seeds by plot between sites and habitat. Three species (Andropogon schirensis, Eragrostis racemosa and Loudetia simplex) were very interesting for phytostabilisation programs. They produced a large quantity of seeds and had the highest percentage of cover. However, A. schirensis and L. simplex presented significant variations in the number of seeds and the percentage of cover according to site.

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Acknowledgement

Tenke Fungurume Mining S.a.r.l. provided all logistic support necessary to perform this study. Both travels realized for the present work was made possible thanks to the financial intervention of the Fonds de la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA) of the FNRS (Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique), Belgium. Julien Collignon benefited from a fellowship of the University of Liege in a context of his Master thesis.

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  1. BIOSE—Biosystem Engineering Department, Biodiversity and Landscape Unit, University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, 2 Passage des Déportés, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium

    Sylvain Boisson, Soizig Le Stradic, Julien Collignon, Maxime Séleck, François Malaisse & Grégory Mahy

  2. Ecology, Restoration Ecology and Landscape Research Unit, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Lubumbashi, Route Kasapa. Campus Universitaire, Lubumbashi, 1825, Democratic Republic of Congo

    Mylor Ngoy Shutcha

  3. Hydrogeochimical Interactions Soil-Environment (HydrISE) Unit, Polytechnic Institute LaSalle Beauvais (ISAB-IGAL), 15 rue Pierre Waguet, Beauvais, 60026, France

    Michel-Pierre Faucon

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  1. Sylvain Boisson
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Boisson, S., Le Stradic, S., Collignon, J. et al. Potential of copper-tolerant grasses to implement phytostabilisation strategies on polluted soils in South D. R. Congo. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 13693–13705 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5442-2

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