Thulin, M. (1993) Turneraceae & Passifloraceae in Flora of Somalia 1: 34-36 & 210-215
Plants erect or climbing herbs or shrubs, rarely trees, sometimes armed. Leaves usually alternate, usually with small stipules, often with glands on the the petioles and blades;blades simple or compound. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, cymose, racemose, paniculate, or axillary and of solitary flowers. Flowers radially symmetric, bisexual or unisexual, sometimes with jointed pedicels; hypanthia present; sepals 4-5(-6), free; petals (1-)4-5(-6), imbricate, contorted in bud, rarely absent; coronas sometimes present, extrastaminal, inserted on the hypanthium composed of hairs or whorls of thread-like processes or scales, or tubular to cup-like; nectary discs sometimes present and usually extrastaminal, annular or composed of 5 usually strap-shaped parts; stamens equal in number to the petals, inserted on the hypanthium or an androgynophore, free or partly united; ovaries superior, sessile or on a gynophore or androgynophore, 1-celled, 3-5-carpellate, placentation parietal; styles 1 or 3-5 free or partlyunited. Fruits 3-5-valved capsules or berry-like; seeds few to many, pitted, brown or blackish, surrounded by a mostly pulpy aril, with endosperm; embryos large, straight or slightly curved.
The family Passifloraceae is now interpreted as including the Turneraceae (APG4). The description above reflects that change. It makes Passifloraceae a familyof about 30 genera that are native in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.