Aeschynomene indica (Indian jointvetch)
Identity
- Preferred Scientific Name
- Aeschynomene indica L.
- Preferred Common Name
- Indian jointvetch
- Other Scientific Names
- Aeschynomene aspera (non L.) Hassk.
- Aeschynomene virginica auct.
- International Common Names
- Englishbudda peacurly indigojoint vetchnorthern jointvetchsensitive Malayan vetch
- Spanishanil rizado
- Frencheschynomene
- Local Common Names
- GermanyVirginische Schampflanze
- Indonesiadindinggedeyankatisanlorotispeupeuteuyantis
- Italypianta modesta bastarda
- Japankusanemu
- Philippinesmakahiyang lalaki
- Thailandsano haag kai
- EPPO code
- AESIN (Aeschynomene indica)
- EPPO code
- AESVI (Aeschynomene virginica)
Pictures
Aeschynomene indica
Aeschynomene indica flower
Harry Rose
Aeschynomene indica
Aeschynomene indica leaf
Harry Rose
Aeschynomene indica pod
Harry Rose
A. indica - line drawing
a, Leaflet; b, lateral and ventral views; c, staminal tube with pistil, two views; d, pistil with tubercled ovary (enlarged); e, pod; f, one-seeded joint of pod; g, seed.
SEAMEO-BIOTROP
Distribution
Host Plants and Other Plants Affected
| Host | Host status | References |
|---|---|---|
| Cicer arietinum (chickpea) | Other | |
| Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) | Other | |
| Hevea brasiliensis (rubber) | Other | |
| Oryza sativa (rice) | Main | |
| Zea mays (maize) | Unknown | Kurniadie and Umiyati (2013) |
Prevention and Control
Cultural Control
In rice (Soerjani et al., 1987), manual control is indicated to be the most common means of controlling A. indica in Indonesia. Sharma and Das (1993) carried out nitrogen management and tillage experiments in direct-sown rice in India, under rainfed flooded conditions. For a group of weed species including A. indica, weed dry weight increased with increasing nitrogen levels and decreased as the number of times of ploughing increased. Hand-weeding, inter-row cultivation and application of thiobencarb all decreased weed dry weight and increased rice grain yields.Experiments carried out by Lokras et al. (1985) indicated that in soyabean, hand-weeding at 20, 35 and 50 days after sowing gave more effective control of a complex of weeds, including A. indica, than herbicide treatments.
Biocontrol
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene is a useful biological control agent of northern jointvetch (Aeschynomene virginica) and is commercially available as a biocontrol agent (Templeton et al., 1990). Initial studies with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed that the fungus is highly specific to A. virginica and only slightly virulent on A. indica, no other plants from 150 crop species and weeds being affected (Smith et al., 1973; Templeton and Smith, 1974).Further studies are needed on fungi pathogenic to A. indica in the Asia-Pacific region.
Chemical Control
In rice, herbicides that have been used against weed complexes involving A. indica include thiobencarb in direct-sown rice (Sharma and Das, 1993); pendimethalin in upland rice (Mishra et al., 1990); and a number of diphenyl ether, 1,3,5-triazine and phenoxy herbicides applied pre- and post-emergence (Sago et al., 1983).In soyabean, Lokras et al. (1985) found that bentazone gave poor control of weeds including A. indica; better control was achieved with metribuzin, oxadiazon, fluchloralin or metolachlor.
Impact
Waterhouse (1993) lists A. indica as among the major rice weeds in South-East Asia, and as widespread and important in the Philippines and Cambodia, and locally important in Thailand.A. indica is a minor weed of rubber and oil palm in Malaysia. The reasons for its limited infestation are not clear but may be attributed to fierce competition by aggressive weeds such as Imperata cylindrica, Mikania micrantha, Paspalum conjugatum and Asystasia gangetica.No work has been carried out to quantify its effects on crop yield.A. indica is occasionally observed in orchards, field crops and vegetable plots. It has been recorded as an important alternative host of the pod-borer, Helicoverpa armigera, in chickpea (Cicer arietenum) in India (Patel and Patitunda, 1981).A. indica is a promising green manure (Soerjani et al., 1987). It is reported to be harmful to horses when eaten in the fruiting stage (Soerjani et al., 1987).
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Copyright © CABI. CABI is a registered EU trademark. This article is published under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
History
Published online: 16 November 2021
Language
English
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