Large to medium-sized trees with enlarged base by the buttresses formed by prop roots; bark black, rough, fissured in a regular checkered pattern; knee roots prominent. Leaves are crowded at the ends of branches; often reddish beneath, without black dots on the underside. Big solitary flowers red to scarlet (calyx); fruits cigar-shaped with red calyx cap.
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk.
synonym | Bruguiera capensis Blume |
synonym | Bruguiera rhedii Tul |
synonym | Rhizophora gymnorhiza L |
synonym | Rhizophora palun DC |
synonym | Rhizophora tinctoria Blanco |
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Indonesian |
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Sinhala; Sinhalese |
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Swahili |
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Tamil |
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Telugu |
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Attributions | Prosperi J., Ramesh B.R., Grard P., Jayatissa L.P., Aravajy S. & Depommier D. 2005. Mangroves v1.0. A Multimedia Identification System of Mangroves Species. IFP – CIRAD, Pondichéry, Pondy CD N°3. – CDRom. www.ifpindia.org/Mangroves/ |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Habit: Large trees up to 20-30 m tall. The growth pattern corresponds to Aubreville’s model.
Roots: Short buttresses, knee-roots prominent as in B. cylindrica
Trunk & bark: Bark black, rough, fissured in a regular checkered pattern, with large corky lenticels.
Leaves: Leaves simple, entire, opposite, elliptic-oblong, bluntly pointed at apex, cuneate at base, glossy green on the upper surface and reddish below, 8-22 x 5-10 cm, coriaceous; stipules and petioles reddish; petiole up to 4 cm long.
Inflorescences or flowers: Flowers solitary, large, up to 3.5 cm long, regular, red to scarlet, calyx campanulate, (10-)12 – (14-)16 lobed; petals as many as calyx lobes, ciliate toward base; stamens enclosed in pairs by petals; style slender, filiform with 3 or 4 stigmatic lobes.
Fruits: Fruit with scarlet calyx and many long lobes not reflexed.
Seeds /seedling: Vivipary. Propagule with hypocotyl up to 25-30cm long, cigar-shaped, slightly angular, apex blunt.
Attributions | Prosperi J., Ramesh B.R., Grard P., Jayatissa L.P., Aravajy S. & Depommier D. 2005. Mangroves v1.0. A Multimedia Identification System of Mangroves Species. IFP – CIRAD, Pondichéry, Pondy CD N°3. – CDRom. www.ifpindia.org/Mangroves/ |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
On exposed shores where the mangrove belt is thin or depauperate.
Fruit remains attached to the seedling and dispersed with it. Germination modified epigeal, vivipary.
Pollination by butterflies and insects; pollen released by explosive mechanism, which is triggered by visiting pollinators.
Attributions | Prosperi J., Ramesh B.R., Grard P., Jayatissa L.P., Aravajy S. & Depommier D. 2005. Mangroves v1.0. A Multimedia Identification System of Mangroves Species. IFP – CIRAD, Pondichéry, Pondy CD N°3. – CDRom. www.ifpindia.org/Mangroves/ |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Africa to Pacific islands through Egypt. Tropical Asia and Australia. In India occurs in tidal swamps along both the coast of the Peninsula and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Attributions | Prosperi J., Ramesh B.R., Grard P., Jayatissa L.P., Aravajy S. & Depommier D. 2005. Mangroves v1.0. A Multimedia Identification System of Mangroves Species. IFP – CIRAD, Pondichéry, Pondy CD N°3. – CDRom. www.ifpindia.org/Mangroves/ |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Hardwood termite resistant, stems used in building, fishing boats, houses, electric poles, charcoal making and the bark is rich in tannin. Leaves used as fodder, also eaten by large crabs; flowers are appreciated by monkeys and bats.
Attributions | Prosperi J., Ramesh B.R., Grard P., Jayatissa L.P., Aravajy S. & Depommier D. 2005. Mangroves v1.0. A Multimedia Identification System of Mangroves Species. IFP – CIRAD, Pondichéry, Pondy CD N°3. – CDRom. www.ifpindia.org/Mangroves/ |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Not Evaluated
Attributions | Prosperi J., Ramesh B.R., Grard P., Jayatissa L.P., Aravajy S. & Depommier D. 2005. Mangroves v1.0. A Multimedia Identification System of Mangroves Species. IFP – CIRAD, Pondichéry, Pondy CD N°3. – CDRom. www.ifpindia.org/Mangroves/ |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Magnoliopsida |
Order | Malpighiales |
Family | Rhizophoraceae |
Genus | Bruguiera |
Species | Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. |