Code
ERATE
Growth form
grass
Biological cycle
vivacious
Habitat
terrestrial
ERATE
Growth form
grass
Biological cycle
vivacious
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Eragrostis parviglumis Hochst. ex Steud. |
| synonym | Eragrostis tenuifolia (A.Rich.) Hochst. ex Steud. |
| synonym | Eragrostis tenuifolia var. polytricha Peter |
| synonym | Megastachya patula (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. |
| synonym | Poa patula Kunth |
| synonym | Poa tenuifolia A.Rich. |
🗒 Common Names
| Malagasy |
|
📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Eragrostis patula is a vivacious, erect, tufted, herbaceous plant, measuring 30 to 70 cm high. It is an almost glabrous plant. The leaves are linear, tapered and sharp at the end, especially inserted near the base. The transparent membranous ligule is topped by a line of white hairs. The sheath is glabrous, laterally compressed. The inflorescence is branched, elliptical, and open. The spikelets are linear, with long pedicels. At maturity, they disintegrate from bottom towards the top.
General habit
The plant is a vivacious erect tuft, almost glabrous, measuring 30 to 70 cm high.
Underground system
The root system is fasciculate.
Leaf
The majority of the leaves are inserted near the base of the plant. The sheath of basal leaves is compressed laterally. The transparent membranous ligule is surmounted by a row of white hairs, 2 mm long. The lamina is linear, extensively attenuated at the apex. It measures 5 to 20 cm long and 1 to 4 mm wide.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is an open elliptical panicle, measuring 5 to 15 cm long. It is branched, consisting of long branches. The linear spikelet is carried by a long stalk. It is 7 to 15 mm long and 1.5 mm wide. It contains 4 to 15 flowers. It is dark green in colour. At maturity, the spikelets disintegrate from the base.
Spikelet
The glumes are lanceolate. The lower glume measures 0.5 to 1 mm long, the upper, 0.8 to 1.4 mm long. The lower lemma is 1.7 to 2.5 mm long. The upper lemma is persistent, with tiny cilia on the keels. It remains a long time after the fall of the lemma. The flower has 3 stamens.
Grain
The grain is oblong, laterally compressed and longitudinally striated. It measures 1 mm long.
Eragrostis patula is a vivacious, erect, tufted, herbaceous plant, measuring 30 to 70 cm high. It is an almost glabrous plant. The leaves are linear, tapered and sharp at the end, especially inserted near the base. The transparent membranous ligule is topped by a line of white hairs. The sheath is glabrous, laterally compressed. The inflorescence is branched, elliptical, and open. The spikelets are linear, with long pedicels. At maturity, they disintegrate from bottom towards the top.
General habit
The plant is a vivacious erect tuft, almost glabrous, measuring 30 to 70 cm high.
Underground system
The root system is fasciculate.
Leaf
The majority of the leaves are inserted near the base of the plant. The sheath of basal leaves is compressed laterally. The transparent membranous ligule is surmounted by a row of white hairs, 2 mm long. The lamina is linear, extensively attenuated at the apex. It measures 5 to 20 cm long and 1 to 4 mm wide.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is an open elliptical panicle, measuring 5 to 15 cm long. It is branched, consisting of long branches. The linear spikelet is carried by a long stalk. It is 7 to 15 mm long and 1.5 mm wide. It contains 4 to 15 flowers. It is dark green in colour. At maturity, the spikelets disintegrate from the base.
Spikelet
The glumes are lanceolate. The lower glume measures 0.5 to 1 mm long, the upper, 0.8 to 1.4 mm long. The lower lemma is 1.7 to 2.5 mm long. The upper lemma is persistent, with tiny cilia on the keels. It remains a long time after the fall of the lemma. The flower has 3 stamens.
Grain
The grain is oblong, laterally compressed and longitudinally striated. It measures 1 mm long.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Vivacious
Madagascar: Eragrostis patula flowers during the hot and rainy season, from December to April.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Reproduction
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Eragrostis patula is a vivacious plant that reproduces by very small seeds, spread by waterflow, wind and animals.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Tuft plant with narrow leaves
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Grass or grass-like
Grass-like leaf type
Grass leaf
Type of prefoliation
Rolled leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Rhizome
Fibrous roots
Ligule type
Ligule ciliate with hairs around the ligule
Hollow or solid stem
Hollow stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with graminate sheathing and hair
Fruit type
Grain of grasses
Lamina base
sheathing grass-like broader
Lamina margin
scabrous
Lamina apex
attenuate
Upperface pilosity
Less hairy
Upperface hair type
Scabrous
Long
Lowerface pilosity
Glabrous
Simple leaf type
Lamina linear
Lamina section
flat
folded
Lamina Veination
Parallel
Flower color
Green
Inflorescence type
Panicle
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Life form
Grass
Look Alikes
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Criteria for identifying some Eragrostis at the vegetative stage (see Le Bourgeois and Kamga-Tchayé 1991)
1 Presence of many sticky glands on the sheath - E. viscosa
1' Absence of sticky glands on the sheath:
2 Periligular zone glabrous:
3 Ligule 0.7 mm, membranous, truncate barely ciliated at the apex; glabrous sheath; glabrous lamina, banded, 3 to 5 mm wide - E. namaquensis
3' Ligule membrano-ciliate 0.3 mm; glabrous sheath; ciliate margin and base (hair white 2-3 mm) - E. gangetica
2' Tufts of developed periligular hairs:
4 Ligule = 0.3 mm:
5 Short and stiff periligular hairs from 1 to 1.5 mm; ciliated ligule - E. turgida
5' Silky, well-developed periligular hairs of 3-4 mm; membrane-ciliated ligule:
6 Glabrous sheath and limb - E. pilosa
6' Long white hairs 3-4 mm at the base and on the margin of the limb, limb green-blue; ligule very slightly membranous - E. tremula
4' Ligule 0.7 to 1 mm, ciliate, usually doubled by a second line of longer hairs:
7 Very long periligular hairs with mustaches of 5 to 7 mm; ciliated ligule lined with a 2nd row of long hair 3-4 mm - E. aspera
7' Periligular hairs developed but with a length of 2 to 5 mm:
8 Ciliated ligule lined with a second row of long hairs; densely hairy sheath - E. ciliaris
8' Ciliated ligule not lined with a second row of hairs; limb glabrous at the base ; margin with few hairs; glabrous sheath - E. cilianensis
1 Presence of many sticky glands on the sheath - E. viscosa
1' Absence of sticky glands on the sheath:
2 Periligular zone glabrous:
3 Ligule 0.7 mm, membranous, truncate barely ciliated at the apex; glabrous sheath; glabrous lamina, banded, 3 to 5 mm wide - E. namaquensis
3' Ligule membrano-ciliate 0.3 mm; glabrous sheath; ciliate margin and base (hair white 2-3 mm) - E. gangetica
2' Tufts of developed periligular hairs:
4 Ligule = 0.3 mm:
5 Short and stiff periligular hairs from 1 to 1.5 mm; ciliated ligule - E. turgida
5' Silky, well-developed periligular hairs of 3-4 mm; membrane-ciliated ligule:
6 Glabrous sheath and limb - E. pilosa
6' Long white hairs 3-4 mm at the base and on the margin of the limb, limb green-blue; ligule very slightly membranous - E. tremula
4' Ligule 0.7 to 1 mm, ciliate, usually doubled by a second line of longer hairs:
7 Very long periligular hairs with mustaches of 5 to 7 mm; ciliated ligule lined with a 2nd row of long hair 3-4 mm - E. aspera
7' Periligular hairs developed but with a length of 2 to 5 mm:
8 Ciliated ligule lined with a second row of long hairs; densely hairy sheath - E. ciliaris
8' Ciliated ligule not lined with a second row of hairs; limb glabrous at the base ; margin with few hairs; glabrous sheath - E. cilianensis
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Eragrostis patula is a plant occurring in ruderal places, the edges of slopes and fallows.
Madagascar: Eragrostis patula grows on alluvial soils and ferralitic soils of medium fertility, along roadsides and crops, around dwellings. It is an weed of fallows and perennial crops on the highlands and in the Middle East up to 1600 m altitude. It is found in sunny or slightly shaded areas, in semi-intensive cassava-based or fruit-tree growing systems.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Worldwide distribution
Eragrostis patula occurs in most tropical regions, Central America, South America, Central and Eastern Africa, Southwest Indian Ocean Islands, India, Indonesia, Australia.
Eragrostis patula occurs in most tropical regions, Central America, South America, Central and Eastern Africa, Southwest Indian Ocean Islands, India, Indonesia, Australia.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Description
Geographical distibution
Reunion Island
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Local harmfulness
Kenya: Eragrostis patula is common and scarce.
Madagascar: E. patula is a scarce weed in annual crops. It infests especially the edges of roads and fallows. It can be locally abundant in fruit crops around habitations.
Mauritius: Species mentionned as a weed in sugarcane fields.
Kenya: Eragrostis patula is common and scarce.
Madagascar: E. patula is a scarce weed in annual crops. It infests especially the edges of roads and fallows. It can be locally abundant in fruit crops around habitations.
Mauritius: Species mentionned as a weed in sugarcane fields.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Management
Global control
For annual grass weed control tips of irrigated and lowland rice in Africa, visit: http://portal.wiktrop.org/document/show/32
For annual grass weed control tips of irrigated and lowland rice in Africa, visit: http://portal.wiktrop.org/document/show/32
Local control
Madagascar: In Madagascar Eragrostis patula is manually controlled with angady in growing systems based on fruit trees or cassava (18 to 22 months cycle).
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Eragrostis patula https://www.gbif.org/species/4143305
Eragrostis tenuifolia https://www.gbif.org/species/2705397Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Van der Zon, A.P.M. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun, volume 2, Flore. Wageningen Agric. Univ. Pays-Bas.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice. Cédérom. Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- BOSSER J., 1969 – Graminées des pâturages et des cultures à Madagascar. ORSTOM Paris, p 163-165.
- Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html. [accessed 08 January 2020]
Information Listing > References
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Van der Zon, A.P.M. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun, volume 2, Flore. Wageningen Agric. Univ. Pays-Bas.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice. Cédérom. Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- BOSSER J., 1969 – Graminées des pâturages et des cultures à Madagascar. ORSTOM Paris, p 163-165.
- Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html. [accessed 08 January 2020]
Images
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: Eragrostis patula : https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Eragrostis%2520patula
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: Eragrostis tenuifolia : https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Eragrostis%2520tenuifolia
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Poaceae |
| Genus | Eragrostis |
| Species | Eragrostis patula (Kunth) Steud. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
