Code
HEYGA
geophyte
Biological cycle
vivacious
Habitat
agroforestry
synonym | Gamochilus speciosus T.Lestib. |
synonym | Hedychium gardnerianum var. fasciatum K.Koch |
synonym | Hedychium gardnerianum var. pallidum (Regel) Baker |
synonym | Hedychium pallidum Regel |
Anglais / English |
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Créole Réunion |
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Other |
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Global description
Hedychium gardnerianum is a vivacious herbaceous plant with horizontal rhizome from which vertical leafy stems with terminal inflorescences that reach 2 m high, emerge. The leaves are alternate, simple, elongated, narrow, ending in a point, spread out along the stem. The flowers are large, pale yellow in color, consisting of a tube ending by linear, reflected lobes and a notched obovate label. The stamens, bright red in color, clearly exceed the corolla. The flowers are grouped in an erect terminal large inflorescence. . The fruit is a capsule with 3 valves containing numerous bright red seeds.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Hedychium gardnerianum is a vivacious rhizomatous herbaceous plant that multiplies abundantly by branching its rhizomes. Any underground part, even small, is capable of regenerating a new individual. It also produces many seeds that are spread over long distances by birds and rats.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
omparison table for Hedychium
width of leaves | insertion of lamina | ligule | Colour of flower | Length of stamen | Colour of Filament stamen | |
H. coccineum | 4 cm | sessile | 1-1,5 cm | red | longer than labellum | red |
H. flavescens | 4-10 cm | 3-5 cm | white and cream | white to yellow | ||
H. gardnerianum | 10-15 cm | petiolate | 2-4 cm | yellow | red | |
H. coronarium | 11 cm | +- sessile | 2-3 cm | white | Shorter than labellum | white |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
India: Hedychium gardnerianum grows in cool mountainous regions at an altitude of 1200-2500 m, with a subtropical climate, cool winters and mild summers. It is present in forests and wooded areas as an undergrowth species. It has been introduced into gardens as an ornamental plant and has escaped from these outbreaks, especially along roads and stream banks. It is also a weed of natural forests, ravine edges, railroads and roads, as well as wetlands and wastelands.
Reunion Island: Very frequent and abundant invasive species in the undergrowth, along roads and paths and along gullies at medium and high altitudes, from 800 to 2500 m. Very ubiquitous species, it appreciates deep and humid soils.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Origin
Hedychium gardnerianum is native to the eastern Himalayas, from the Indian peninsula to Malaysia
Worldwide distribution
This species has been introduced and is now naturalized or even considered invasive in Australia, New Zealand in the Indian Ocean (Mauritius, Reunion) in South Africa and the Caribbean and Brazil.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Global harmfulness
Hedychium gardnerianum is essentially an invasive species for natural or cultivated forestry environments. It represents a strong threat to biodiversity, particularly plant biodiversity.
Local harmfulness
Reunion: Hedychium gardnerianum is not considered a crop weed, although it can be found on the edges of plots from 800 m altitude. It is mainly an invasive species of natural environments (forests, gullies) and degraded or anthropized environments.
South Africa: Hedychium gardnerianum competes with and replaces native species and obstructs access to plantations.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Global control
Mechanical control
Mechanical control of Hedychium gardnerianum by pulling out rhizomes can only be envisaged on very small and recently colonized areas. Cutting the flowering stems before seed production only slows down the spread of the plant.
Chemical control
Metsulfuron appears to be the most effective herbicide against this species, sprayed on leaves, stems and visible rhizomes. Plant death occurs 3 months after treatment. Concentrated glyphosate can also be used as a spot spray on sections of stems that have been previously cut just at the rhizomes.
Biological control
Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum from Hawaii have been shown to be effective in significantly affecting Hedychium gardnerianum and appear more or less selective for other Zingiberaceae. To date the risks of conflict of interest have not allowed to implement this type of control in the wild.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Hedychium%2520gardnerianum
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Liliopsida |
Order | Zingiberales |
Family | Zingiberaceae |
Genus | Hedychium |
Species | Hedychium gardnerianum Sheppard ex Ker Gawl. |