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WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
SpeciesMapsDocumentsIDAO

Panicum humile Steud.

Accepted
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
Panicum humile Nees ex Steud.
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🗒 Synonyms
synonymPanicum austroasiaticum Ohwi [Illegitimate]
synonymPanicum tenellum Griff. [Illegitimate]
synonymPanicum vescum R.R.Stewart [Illegitimate]
synonymPanicum walense Mez
synonymPanicum watense Mez [Spelling variant]
🗒 Common Names
Malgache
  • Akatamalemy
📚 Overview
Overview
Brief

Code

PANWA

Growth form

grass

Biological cycle

annual

Habitat

terrestrial
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ravi luckhun
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References
    Diagnostic Keys
    Description

    Global description

    Panicum humile is an annual weed, in diffuse clumps, flowering abundantly, reaching up to 40 cm high. The stems are erect, slender, smooth and branched at almost all nodes. The branches end in inflorescences. The leaves have a linear lamina, acute at the top, plan, 3 to 15 cm long and 3 to 5 mm wide. The inflorescence is a developed oval panicle, loose, 12 cm long. The branches are solitary or in groups, erect at the start then spreading obliquely. The spikelets are acute oval, 1.7 to 2 mm long, glabrous, often reddish or purple, with slender and sinuous pedicel, of variable length of 1.5 to 7 mm.
     
    General habit

    Grass in diffuse clumps, highly branched, and with abundant flowers, 10 to 40 cm high.
     
    Underground system
     
    Roots are fibrous.
     
    Culm
     
    Culm is cylindrical, hollow, erect, slender, glabrous, and branched at the nodes. The nodes are glabrous.
     
    Leaf
     
    Simple alternate leaves. The sheath is glabrous, sometimes ciliated on the margins. Ligule represented by a truncated membrane, lacerated at the top. The lamina is linear, with acute apex, plan, 3 to 15 cm long and 3 to 5 mm wide. Both sides are glabrous. The margin is full and smooth.
     
    Inflorescence
     
    The inflorescence is an oval panicle, loose, up to 12 cm long, with the branches erect at first then obliquely spreading, solitary or verticillate The pedicels of the spikelets are slender, sinuous and the length varying from 1.5 to 7 mm.
     
    Spikelet
     
    The spikelets are oval, acute, 1.7 to 2 mm long, glabrous, often reddish or purple. The lower glume is acute oval or slightly acuminate, reaching 3/4 the length of the spikelet, it has three ribs. The upper keel is as long as the spikelet, with 5 ribs. The internal flower is sterile and reduced to a lemma similar to the upper glume. The external flower is fertile, slightly shorter than the spikelet, 1.5 mm long, oblong obtuse, with crustaceous lemma and palea, smooth, shiny, pale or more or less colored gray.
     
    Grain
     
    Oblong grain, 1 mm long.
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      No Data
      📚 Natural History
      Life Cycle

      Life cycle

      Annual
      Annual
      Reproduction

      Panicum humile is an annual herb that is propagated by seed.


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        Morphology

        Growth form

        Tuft plant with narrow leaves
        Tuft plant with narrow leaves

        Leaf type

        Grass or grass-like
        Grass or grass-like

        Latex

        Without latex
        Without latex

        Root type

        Fibrous roots
        Fibrous roots

        Ligule type

        Ligule membranous large
        Ligule membranous large

        Stipule type

        No stipule
        No stipule

        Leaf attachment type

        with graminate sheathing
        with graminate sheathing

        Fruit type

        Grain of grasses
        Grain of grasses

        Lamina base

        sheathing grass-like broader
        sheathing grass-like broader

        Lamina apex

        attenuate
        attenuate

        Simple leaf type

        Lamina linear
        Lamina linear
        Look Alikes

                                                           Key for identification of Panicum

        robust plant of more than 1 m hairy sheath Panicum maximum
        hairless sheath Panicum subalbidum
        plant shorter than 1 m in height turf plant or diffuse tufts blade lanceolate under 4 cm ligule in ciliated membrane Panicum umbellatum
        (*)
        blade linear to 15 cm ligule in laciniated membrane Panicum humile
         
         
        cespitose or stoloniferous plant
        velvety sheath plants cespitose Panicum perrieri
        hairless sheath short limb crossed Panicum  brevifolium
        Linear lanceolate lamina with scabrous margin Panicum repens
        lamina with glabrous margin Panicum pseudowoeltzkowii
        Lamina with hairy margin Panicum luridum
         
        (*): Panicum umbellatum Trin. is a synonym of Brachiaria umbellata (Trin.) Clayton (valid name).
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          Ecology

          Comoros: Absent.
          Madagascar: Panicum humile is a species found in areas of sub-humid climate, at low or medium altitudes up to 1000 m in the western part of the Central Highlands, Lake Plain Alaotra - Mangoro. It develops in the plots situated in the downslope along the lowland rice fields or high rice fields without water control.
          Mauritius: Absent.
          Reunion: Absent.
          Seychelles: Absent.

           
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            No Data
            📚 Habitat and Distribution
            Description

            Worldwide distribution

            Panicum humile is found in tropical Africa, the Indian Ocean Islands and Asia.

            Thomas Le Bourgeois
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              No Data
              📚 Occurrence
              No Data
              📚 Demography and Conservation
              Risk Statement

              Local harmfulness

              Comoros: Absent.
              Madagascar: Panicum humile is a weed of rainfed cultivations, locally abundant but of relatively low frequency. It is particularly harmful in rainfed rice or without water control (rice sown often directly). It blooms quickly and suffocate the rice plants, which often suffer from lack of water.
              Mauritius: Absent.
              Reunion: Absent.
              Seychelles: Absent.
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                No Data
                📚 Uses and Management
                📚 Information Listing
                References
                1. Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cirad. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
                Information Listing > References
                1. Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cirad. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
                Images
                Thomas Le Bourgeois
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                  No Data
                  🐾 Taxonomy
                  📊 Temporal Distribution
                  📷 Related Observations
                  👥 Groups
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