Biological cycle
Habitat
terrestrial
synonym | Anagallis arabica Duby |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis f. carnea (Schrank) Schinz & R.Keller |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis f. coerulea Arechav. |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis f. decipiens (Uechtr.) Schinz & R.Keller |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis f. lilacina (Alef.) Schinz & R.Keller |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis var. arvensis |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis var. latifolia (L.) Lange |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis var. phoenicea Gouan |
synonym | Anagallis arvensis var. platyphylloides Pau |
synonym | Anagallis carnea Schrank |
synonym | Anagallis hadidii Chrtek & Osb.-Kos. |
synonym | Anagallis indica Sweet |
synonym | Anagallis jacquemontii Duby |
synonym | Anagallis latifolia L. |
synonym | Anagallis mas Vill. |
synonym | Anagallis monelli M.Bieb. |
synonym | Anagallis orientalis Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall. |
synonym | Anagallis parviflora Loisel. |
synonym | Anagallis phoenicea (Gouan) Scop. |
synonym | Anagallis pulchella Salisb. |
synonym | Anagallis punctifolia Stokes |
synonym | Anagallis repens DC. |
synonym | Anagallis verticillata All. |
synonym | Lysimachia arvensis subsp. arvensis |
Afrikaans |
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Anglais / English |
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Arabic |
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Créole Maurice |
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Créole Réunion |
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Français / French |
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Hindi |
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Urdu |
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Anagallis arvensis is a small, annual, hairless plant, erect or spreading, with squarish cross-section stem, branched from the base and non radicand, which does not exceed 20 cm in height and 50 cm in length for a prostrate growth habit. The leaves are opposite or in whorls of 3, simple, sessile, with oval lamina, broad at the base, acute at the apex, with an entire margin, and glandular. The flowers are solitary and are located on the upper leaf axils. Their pedicel exceeds the leaf that underpin it. The petals are fused at the base. Their color is either red or blue. The fruit is a spherical capsule with a loculus, with a circular opening. It contains numerous angular shaped seeds with reticulated surface, dark brown to black in color.
Cotyledons
The cotyledons are short-stalked, and have an oval lamina, attenuated at the base, with pointed ends, with visible midrib. They are dark green in color.
First leaves
The first leaves are opposite and glabrous. They are short-stalked, with oval lamina which is as long as broad, sub-cordate at the base. Dark spots are present on the underside of the leaf
General habit
Small, glabrous, annual herb, erect or prostrate, with a stem branched from the base, measuring 10 to 20 cm high
Underground system
The plant has a taproot system.
Stem
The stem has a squarish cross section, measuring 10 to 50 cm long. It is often prostrate, but non-radicant
Leaf
The leaves are simple and opposite or in verticilate of 3. They are sessile, oval to narrowly oval, with a rounded or heart shaped base, an acute to obtuse apex, 5 to 20 mm long and 4 to 12 mm wide. The lamina has an entire margin, is glandular, smooth and glabrous on the 2 sides.
Flower
The flowers are solitary, and are located on the upper leaf axils. The pedicel is longer than the leaves that underpin it. It curves after fertilization. The calyx consists of five oval lobes (4 mm long), pointed at the end, with a keeled back, fused at their base. The corolla has 5 petals (5 mm long) broadly obovate, with rounded or blunt tip, fused at their base, pubescent at the base of their inner face. They are red, orange or blue or mixed colors, purple on the internal surface of the collar or none. Numerous small glands are inserted on their margin, in its upper part (glands consisting of 3 cells, globular terminal). The 5 stamens (3 mm long), with hairy-filaments, are free. They are inserted on the basis of the corolla. The subspherical ovary carries an elongated style ending in a globular stigma. The placenta is fully covered by the ovules.
Fruit
The fruit is a globular, dehiscent, apiculate capsule (3 to 4 mm in diameter) having a circular opening. It consists of a single loculus which encloses numerous seeds.
Seed
The seed is angular to subglobular, more or less angular. It measures 0.8 to 1.2 mm in diameter, 0.9 to 1.4 mm long and 0.8 to 1 mm wide. Its surface is crosslinked, and dark brown to black.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | dummy |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
References |
Anagallis arvensis is a C3 species.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | dummy |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
References |
Toxicity
Anagallis arvensis is known as a poisonous plant if ingested, especially for dogs, horses and humans. Some people have been reported to have dermatitis if the leaves or stems were handled. It is thought that the toxic principle is a saponin.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Origin
Anagallis arvenis is native to the Mediterranean-Irano-Touranian-Euro-Siberian regions.
Algeria: Common in all the country to the oases of the Sahara.
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Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Anagallis arvensis is principally found in wheat crops, with lesser extent in vegetables and oilseeds (Crucifers) crops.
Local harmfulness
Algeria: Anagallis arvensis is a secondary “weed”. It is ubiquitous but does not pose any particular problem in the current phytotechnical context. It is a species to watch out for, due to its wide distribution, when the context is modified by an evolution of the cropping system which could result in a disruption in inter-specific competitive relationships.
Reunion: Occasionnaly a weed in sugar cane and vegetable fields. Localy abundant.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Food: Anagallis arvensis is a good country salad. Hardly dangerous for humans, it is considered toxic to fish and birds (anagalloside, and in the roots, cyclamine), its root was used in India to poison fish and catch it easily.
Medicinal: In external use, the chickweed renders good services in the form of poultices, fresh juice or decoction, as topical, on painful or torpid wounds, bedsores and ulcers.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Chemical: This species is easily controlled through most of the pre and post-emergence herbicides recommended for wheat. Pre and early post-emergence application of Stomp 330 E and Buctril-M 40 EC. Post-emergence application of 2,4-D at 500 g/ha or metsulfuron at 4 g/ha.
Attributions | dummy |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Anagallis%2520arvensis
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Magnoliopsida |
Order | Ericales |
Family | Primulaceae |
Genus | Anagallis |
Species | Anagallis arvensis L. |