Code
SETBA
Growth form
Grass
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
Terrestrial
SETBA
Growth form
Grass
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Chaetochloa barbata (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase |
| synonym | Chaetochloa costata (Roxb.) Skeels |
| synonym | Chamaeraphis costata (Roxb.) Kuntze |
| synonym | Chamaeraphis rhachitricha (Hochst.) Kuntze |
| synonym | Chamaeraphis setosa var. elongata Kuntze |
| synonym | Chamaeraphis viatica (Salzm. ex Döll) Kuntze |
| synonym | Panicum barbatum Lam. |
| synonym | Panicum basisetum Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum costatum Roxb. |
| synonym | Panicum lineatum Schumach. |
| synonym | Panicum mauritianum Willd. ex Spreng. [Invalid] |
| synonym | Panicum mauritianum Willd. ex Spreng., pro syn. |
| synonym | Panicum nakaianum Honda |
| synonym | Panicum plicatum var. costatum (Roxb.) Baker |
| synonym | Panicum rarisetum Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum rhachitrichum Hochst. |
| synonym | Panicum viaticum Salzm. ex Döll |
| synonym | Setaria barbata var. meiantha A.Chev., nom. nud. |
| synonym | Setaria basiseta (Steud.) T.Durand & Schinz |
| synonym | Setaria costata Vanderyst [Invalid] |
| synonym | Setaria costata Vanderyst, nom. nud. |
| synonym | Setaria flaccifolia Stapf |
| synonym | Setaria mauritiana Spreng. |
| synonym | Setaria nakaiana (Honda) Ohwi |
| synonym | Setaria rhachitricha (Hochst.) Rendle |
| synonym | Setaria viscidula Desv. |
| synonym | Urochloa mauritiana (Spreng.) Bojer |
🗒 Common Names
| Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
|
| Créole Maurice |
|
| Créole Seychelles |
|
| Other |
|
📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Setaria barbata is an erect annual herb forming diffuse clumps that can reach up to 2 m high. The prostrate ascending stem is rooted at the nodes in its lower part. The nodes are pubescent. The leaf is lanceolate, broad, pointed at the top, highly wrinkled, scabrous, slightly pubescent on both sides, ligule reduced to a line of short hairs, with keeled pubescent sheath, ciliated on the margin and the top. The inflorescence is a large pyramid panicle composed of horizontal racemes with pubescent axis. Spikelets, globular to oblong-elliptical, consist of 2 flowers, are carried by a pedicel extended by a long bristle that remains after falling down.
General habit
Setaria barbata is an erect annual herb growing in diffuse clumps, 10 cm to 2 m high.
Underground system
The root is fibrous.
Culm
The culm is compressed, prostrate ascending, measuring 1 to 3 mm in diameter. It is rooted at the nodes in the prostrate part. It is generally glabrous but may show some scattered hairs, pointing downwards. The nodes are pubescent, with a lighter color.
Leaf
The blade is broad, highly wrinkled, covered up to the base with hairs directed downwards, with cilliated-pectinate margins having at their apex a tuft of long hairs (4 to 5 mm). The ligule is reduced to a row of short hairs (1 mm). The lamina is spread, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, attenuated in a tip at the top, narrowed at the base. It measures 5 to 30 cm long and 5 to 20 mm wide. It is folded transversely like an accordion. Faces are scabrous, with short and sparse pubescence, directed towards the lower part of the lamina.
Inflorescence
Pyramidal inflorescence, measuring 3 to 25 cm long. Racemes (1 to 5 cm long; pubescent axis) are first applied, and then gradually horizontally spread.
Flower
The spikelets, globular to oblong-elliptic, with hunchbacks, measure 2.5 to 3 mm long. They consist of two flowers. The glumes are unequal, membranous, with green veins. Each spikelet is inserted solitary on a stalk which extends into long bristle (up to 2 cm long), undulated and scabrous, persistent after the fall of the spikelet.
Setaria barbata is an erect annual herb forming diffuse clumps that can reach up to 2 m high. The prostrate ascending stem is rooted at the nodes in its lower part. The nodes are pubescent. The leaf is lanceolate, broad, pointed at the top, highly wrinkled, scabrous, slightly pubescent on both sides, ligule reduced to a line of short hairs, with keeled pubescent sheath, ciliated on the margin and the top. The inflorescence is a large pyramid panicle composed of horizontal racemes with pubescent axis. Spikelets, globular to oblong-elliptical, consist of 2 flowers, are carried by a pedicel extended by a long bristle that remains after falling down.
General habit
Setaria barbata is an erect annual herb growing in diffuse clumps, 10 cm to 2 m high.
Underground system
The root is fibrous.
Culm
The culm is compressed, prostrate ascending, measuring 1 to 3 mm in diameter. It is rooted at the nodes in the prostrate part. It is generally glabrous but may show some scattered hairs, pointing downwards. The nodes are pubescent, with a lighter color.
Leaf
The blade is broad, highly wrinkled, covered up to the base with hairs directed downwards, with cilliated-pectinate margins having at their apex a tuft of long hairs (4 to 5 mm). The ligule is reduced to a row of short hairs (1 mm). The lamina is spread, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, attenuated in a tip at the top, narrowed at the base. It measures 5 to 30 cm long and 5 to 20 mm wide. It is folded transversely like an accordion. Faces are scabrous, with short and sparse pubescence, directed towards the lower part of the lamina.
Inflorescence
Pyramidal inflorescence, measuring 3 to 25 cm long. Racemes (1 to 5 cm long; pubescent axis) are first applied, and then gradually horizontally spread.
Flower
The spikelets, globular to oblong-elliptic, with hunchbacks, measure 2.5 to 3 mm long. They consist of two flowers. The glumes are unequal, membranous, with green veins. Each spikelet is inserted solitary on a stalk which extends into long bristle (up to 2 cm long), undulated and scabrous, persistent after the fall of the spikelet.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Mayotte: Setaria barbata flowers from February to May and fruits from April to June.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Reproduction
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Setaria barbata is an annual grass, reproducing by seeds.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Tuft plant with narrow leaves
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Grass or grass-like
Grass-like leaf type
Grass leaf
Type of prefoliation
Rolled leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Flat section
Root type
Fibrous roots
Ligule type
Ligule ciliate
Hollow or solid stem
Hollow stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with graminate sheathing and hair
Fruit type
Grain of grasses
Lamina base
sheathing grass-like broader
Lamina margin
ciliate
Lamina apex
attenuate
Upperface pilosity
Less hairy
Upperface hair type
Scabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Less hairy
Lowerface hair type
Long
Scabrous
Simple leaf type
Lamina linear
Lamina section
pleated
Lamina Veination
Parallel
Flower color
Green
Inflorescence type
Alternate racemes
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Hairs reflected
Life form
Grass
Look Alikes
Setaria barbata differs from other setaria by its pleated leaf, pubescent nodes of the thatch, its ciliated ligule and inflorescence consisting of distinct racemes.
Distinctive criteria of different Setaria spp.
Distinctive criteria of different Setaria spp.
| Biological cycle | Leaf | Nodes | Ligule | Inflorescence | Pedicel bristle | Spikelet | Spikelet | Species |
| annual | very broad blade and wrinkled | light and pilose | short ciliate | panicle of racemes | 1 pubescent | solitary | 2.5-3 mm | Setaria barbata |
| annual | narrow and flat | glabrous | ciliate | panicle of racemes | 1-2 | solitary | 1.5-2 mm | Setaria intermedia |
| annual | narrow and flat | dark and glabrous | membrano-ciliate | spikelike | 6-8 antrorsely scabrous | solitary | 2.5-3.5 mm | Setaria pumila |
| vivacious | narrow rigid flat or involute | light and glabrous | membranose 1 mm | spikelike | 8-12 glabrous gold to purplish | solitary | 1.8-2.3 mm | Setaria parviflora |
| annual | narrow and flat | dark and glabrous to pubescent | membrano-ciliate | spikelike | 1-3 retrorsely scabrous | solitary | 1.8-2.4 mm | Setaria verticillata |
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Ecology
Setaria barbata is a grass of humid soil that prefers light shade, weed of crops of humid plateau, also present on the edges of roads in forest areas.
Comoros: absent.
Madagascar: Setaria barbata is a species recently introduced in Madagascar. It is found in the North and Northwest of the island.
Mauritius: common weed of sugar cane fields and fallow in the humid and very humid region on the island.
Mayotte: Setaria barbata is a common cryptogenic species in secondarized environments of hygrophilic and mesophilic regions.
Reunion: This plant is common in areas with high rainfall and constant humidity. It grows especially in shady areas. It is found throughout the humid coastal region of North East, East and South of Reunion. In the Western Region and the Southwest drier, it is located at medium altitude around 500-600 m.
Seychelles: This species is very common in many sites at an altitude of about 400 meters.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Reunion Island
Mauritius
Seychelles
Origin
Sesbania barbata is native to tropical Africa, the Indian Ocean islands, India and South East Asia.
Worldwide distribution
This species has been introduced in the Caribbean, Central America and northern South America (northern Brazil, Guyana).
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: The presence of Setaria barbata as a weed of crops and ruderal plant is reported on the floodplains of Northwest and in Nosy Be. This is a weed still fairly localized in dry crops.
Mauritius: Setaria barbata is a weed with low to medium harmfulness in sugarcane, infestations can be controlled quite easily.
Mayotte: Setaria barbata is a fairly common weed, present in 9% of cultivated plots. It is particularly present in vegetable and food crops.
Reunion: Weed in 30% of cultivated land. It is very common in sugar cane crop, which may locally achieve a covering of 30 to 50%.
Seychelles: A serious weed of orchards, vegetables, root crops, banana and tea plantations.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Management
Reunion : For the control of Setaria barbata in sugar cane fields see the website of CaroCanne ( The online magazine of sugarcane workers in Reunion ) ;
Technical specifications No. 34
Data acquired in Reunion on the effectiveness of herbicides in the context of the sugarcane herbicide network by eRcane Network with funding from the ODEADOM and ONEMA.
Action led by the French Ministry of Agriculture, food and forest, with financial support from the National Agency for Water and Aquatic Environments, on the finance issued from the tax for the pollution diffused, attributed to the finance of the Ecophyto plan.
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Local control
Reunion : For the control of Setaria barbata in sugar cane fields see the website of CaroCanne ( The online magazine of sugarcane workers in Reunion ) ;
Technical specifications No. 34
Efficiency spectrum of herbicides on Setaria barbata in sugarcane cultivation
| Active compound | commercial product | dose of commercial product | Efficiency |
| pre-emmergence | |||
| mesotrione + S-metolachlore + S-métolachlore |
Camix + Mercantor Gold | 3,75 l/ha + 0,5 l/ha | |
| mesotrione + S-metolachlore + isoxaflutole |
Camix + Merlin | 3,75 l/ha + 0,1 kg/ha | |
| mesotrione + S-metolachlore + pendimethaline |
Camix + Prowl 400 | 3,75 l/ha + 3,0 l/ha | |
| isoxaflutole + pendimethaline + métribuzine |
Merlin + Prowl 400 + Sencoral | 0,067 kg/ha + 1,5 l/ha + 0,625 kg/ha | |
| isoxaflutole + pendimethaline + mesotrione + S-metolachlore |
Merlin + Prowl 400 + Camix | 0,067 kg/ha + 1,5 l/ha + 2,5 l/ha | |
| post-emmergence | |||
| 2,4-D . |
2,4-D | 2,0 l/ha | |
| 2,4-D + mesotrione |
2,4-D + Callisto | 2,0 l/ha + 1,0 l/ha |
(The dose are expressed in commercial products) - 2014
| Good efficiency | |
| Medium efficiency | |
| Inefficient |
Data acquired in Reunion on the effectiveness of herbicides in the context of the sugarcane herbicide network by eRcane Network with funding from the ODEADOM and ONEMA.
Action led by the French Ministry of Agriculture, food and forest, with financial support from the National Agency for Water and Aquatic Environments, on the finance issued from the tax for the pollution diffused, attributed to the finance of the Ecophyto plan.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cédérom. Montpellier, France, Cirad ed.Merlier, H., Montégut, J. 1982. Adventices tropicales. ORSTOM-GERDAT-ENSH, Montpellier, France.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1172068-2
- Poilecot, P. 1999. Les Poaceae du Niger. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève, Genève, Suisse.
Information Listing > References
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Le Bourgeois, T., A. Carrara, M. Dodet, W. Dogley, A. Gaungoo, P. Grard, Y. Ibrahim, E. Jeuffrault, G. Lebreton, P. Poilecot, J. Prosperi, J. A. Randriamampianina, A. P. Andrianaivo and F. Théveny (2008). Advent-OI : Principales adventices des îles du sud-ouest de l'Océan Indien. Cédérom. Montpellier, France, Cirad ed.Merlier, H., Montégut, J. 1982. Adventices tropicales. ORSTOM-GERDAT-ENSH, Montpellier, France.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1172068-2
- Poilecot, P. 1999. Les Poaceae du Niger. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève, Genève, Suisse.
Etude floristique et phytoécologique des adventices des complexes sucriers de Ferké 1 et 2, de Borotou-Koro et de Zuenoula, en Côte d'Ivoire
TL
Thomas Le BourgeoisLa flore des mauvaises herbes de la Canne à Sucre à La Réunion. Caractérisation à partir des témoins des essais d’herbicides. 2005-2016
MP
Marnotte PascalWeeds of tropical rainfed cropping systems: are there patterns at a global level of perception?
TL
Thomas Le BourgeoisImages
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Setaria%2520barbata
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Poaceae |
| Genus | Setaria |
| Species | Setaria barbata (Lam.) Kunth |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
