Code
CLERT
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
annual
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Cleome ciliata Schum. & Thonn. |
| synonym | Cleome dodecandra Banks |
| synonym | Cleome dodecandra Banks ex Wight & Arn. |
| synonym | Cleome guineensis Hook.f. |
| synonym | Cleome rutidosperma var. hainanensis J.L.Shan |
| synonym | Cleome rytidosperma DC. |
| synonym | Cleome rytidosperma DC. ex Schult.f. |
| synonym | Cleome thyrsiflora De Wild. & T.Durand |
| synonym | Gynandropsis rutidosperma DC. |
| synonym | Sieruela rutidosperma (DC.) Roalson & J.C.Hall |
🗒 Common Names
| Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
|
| Other |
|
📚 Overview
Diagnostic
First leaves
The first leaves are alternate, compound and palmate, comprising of 3 elliptic leaflets. They are long-stalked.
General habit
Prostrate to creeping plant, rarely erect and not very diffuse. It can measure 90 cm long.
Underground system
The plant has a taproot system.
Stem
The stem has 5 well-marked wings or corners. It is glabrous to finely pubescent. It is light green in color, often tinged with red.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, tri-foliate compound. They are carried by a canaliculate petiole, 5 to 40 mm long. The terminal leaflet is always clearly larger than the lateral leaflets. The leaflets are sessile, elliptical in shape, with an acute apex. The base of the terminal leaflet is attenuated at an acute angle while the base of the lateral leaflets is slightly asymmetrical. The terminal leaflet is 3 to 4 cm long and 3 to 20 mm wide. The margin is more or less entire and finely ciliated with red hairs. The pinnate veins are prominent on the underside of the leaf blade. Both sides are covered with short, scattered hairs, especially along the veins.
Inflorescence
The flowers are solitary, arranged in the axils of leafy bracts. They are carried by pedicels, 12 to 30 cm long and widely spread.
Flower
The flowers are white to purple, very slightly asymmetrical. The calyx, 4 to 5 mm long, is composed of 4 sepals narrowly lanceolate, 2 to 4 mm long, ciliated and glandular especially on the margin. The petals are onguiculated, elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 4 to 8 mm long. The 6 stamens have a filament, 6 to 8 mm long and gray anthers. The ovary is stipitate, surmounted by a sessile and flat stigma.
Fruit
The fruit is a cylindrical linear capsule with two valves, more or less swollen, glabrous with longitudinal ribs. The tip and the base are attenuated. It is 3 to 7 cm long and has a diameter of 3 to 5 mm. The fruits are set obliquely at 45 degrees.
Seed
The seed is reniform to sub-orbicular, more or less wound on itself. It measures 1.2 to 1.4 mm in diameter. The integument is dark brown, traversed by strong transverse ridges generally pubescent.
Global description
Cleome rutidosperma is a rather prostrate to creeping plant, scarcely erect, can reach up to 0.9 m long. The stem has 5 well marked wings or angles. The leaves are alternate, compound, with 3 leaflets, the terminal leaflet larger than the lateral ones. The margin of the blade is finely cilliated with red hairs. The flowers are solitary, white to purple in colour. The fruit is a linear cylindrical capsule, which opens at maturity only in the upper part. The seeds are reniform to sub-orbicular, highly furrowed transversely.
First leaves
The first leaves are alternate, compound and palmate, comprising of 3 elliptic leaflets. They are long-stalked.
General habit
Prostrate to creeping plant, rarely erect and not very diffuse. It can measure 90 cm long.
Underground system
The plant has a taproot system.
Stem
The stem has 5 well-marked wings or corners. It is glabrous to finely pubescent. It is light green in color, often tinged with red.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, tri-foliate compound. They are carried by a canaliculate petiole, 5 to 40 mm long. The terminal leaflet is always clearly larger than the lateral leaflets. The leaflets are sessile, elliptical in shape, with an acute apex. The base of the terminal leaflet is attenuated at an acute angle while the base of the lateral leaflets is slightly asymmetrical. The terminal leaflet is 3 to 4 cm long and 3 to 20 mm wide. The margin is more or less entire and finely ciliated with red hairs. The pinnate veins are prominent on the underside of the leaf blade. Both sides are covered with short, scattered hairs, especially along the veins.
Inflorescence
The flowers are solitary, arranged in the axils of leafy bracts. They are carried by pedicels, 12 to 30 cm long and widely spread.
Flower
The flowers are white to purple, very slightly asymmetrical. The calyx, 4 to 5 mm long, is composed of 4 sepals narrowly lanceolate, 2 to 4 mm long, ciliated and glandular especially on the margin. The petals are onguiculated, elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 4 to 8 mm long. The 6 stamens have a filament, 6 to 8 mm long and gray anthers. The ovary is stipitate, surmounted by a sessile and flat stigma.
Fruit
The fruit is a cylindrical linear capsule with two valves, more or less swollen, glabrous with longitudinal ribs. The tip and the base are attenuated. It is 3 to 7 cm long and has a diameter of 3 to 5 mm. The fruits are set obliquely at 45 degrees.
Seed
The seed is reniform to sub-orbicular, more or less wound on itself. It measures 1.2 to 1.4 mm in diameter. The integument is dark brown, traversed by strong transverse ridges generally pubescent.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Cleome rutidosperma can bloom throughout the year.
Mauritius: Cleome rutidosperma flowers from September to April.
Mayotte: Cleome rutidosperma flowers and fruits all the year round.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Morphology
Growth form
Erected
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Compound
Type of prefoliation
Broad leaves
Compound leaf type
Trifoliate leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Fruit type
Siliqua one tiped
Cotyledon type
orbicular
Lamina base
rounded
attenuate
Lamina margin
hairy
entire
Lamina apex
acute
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Glabrous
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
pennate
Flower color
Pinkish
Inflorescence type
Raceme
Axillary solitary flower
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Pubescent
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Look Alikes
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Identificatiopn keys of Cleome
| Growth Habit | Number of leaflets | Shape of leaflets | Hairs | Flowers | |
| Cleome rutidosperma |
Prostrate Creeping |
3 | large | red | white to purple |
| Cleome hirta | erect | 5-9 | narrow | white | purplish pink |
| Cleome viscosa | erect | 3-5 | large |
Yellow tuberculate Sticky |
yellow |
| Cleome gynandra | erect | 3-5 | large | pubescenr glandular non sticky |
white to lilac pink |
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Cleome rutidosperma is mainly a weed of crops and a ruderal species that is encountered by the roadside and near the dwellings. It grows from 0 to 500 m altitude. It is found on bunds between irrigated rice fields and in plots of rainfed rice or sugar cane. It prefers wetlands.
French Guiana: Cleome rutidosperma is a small exotic plant very frequent in ruderal vegetation.
Mayotte: C. rutidosperma is naturalized in the anthropized environments, urban zones, ditches, roadsides, gardens and crops, preferentially in the north of the island.
West Indies: Cleome rutidosperma is an exotic species. It is a short-cycle ruderal species that rapidly occupies bare soil. Heliophilous and nitrophilous, it often abounds in chemically weeded crops and regularly ploughed clay soils. Undemanding, it also grows on sandy and stony substrates.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Geographical Distribution
This species was introduced in the West Indies at the end of the XIXth century. It is largely naturalized in the southern USA (Florida) in Central and South America (Honduras, Panama, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Virgin Islands, Tobago, Trinidad, Brazil). It was introduced in Mauritius. In Asia, it was observed in Sumatra in 1920, in Singapore and then in Java. It is also present in China, Thailand and Burma, as well as in Australia.
Habitat
Terrestrial
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Origin
Cleome rutidosperma is native to West Africa, Guinea to Angola.Geographical Distribution
This species was introduced in the West Indies at the end of the XIXth century. It is largely naturalized in the southern USA (Florida) in Central and South America (Honduras, Panama, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Virgin Islands, Tobago, Trinidad, Brazil). It was introduced in Mauritius. In Asia, it was observed in Sumatra in 1920, in Singapore and then in Java. It is also present in China, Thailand and Burma, as well as in Australia.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Mauritius
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Local harmfulness
French Guiana: This is one of the most frequently encountered weeds in vegetable crops in French Guiana. Its vegetative growth and rapid seed production allows it to be favoured by chemical weed control and tillage.
Mauritius: It is an infrequent but locally abundant weed in sugar cane, mainly in the south-eastern part of the island.
Mayotte: C. rutidosperma is a weed present in 21% of cultivated plots. It is particularly abundant in vegetable and pineapple crops. It is also present in forage and fruit crops. It is very abundant in the north of the island.
Reunion: Absent.
West Indies: Cleome rutidosperma is a common weed of little concern in sugarcane, fruit and vegetable crops.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Agronomic: Cleome rutidosperma is selected as a service plant in some young or established banana plantations with high light entry. The environment is rapidly colonised to form a dense spontaneous cover limiting the development of other weeds. This plant, when in dense cover, can be visited very frequently by pollinators.
Medicinal: The extract of Cleome rutidosperma has diuretic and healing activities.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Management
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Local control
French Guiana: Hoeing Cleome rutidosperma before fruiting should limit its abundance.
Mauritius: Post-emergence treatments with herbicides of 2,4-D amine salt are not effective against this species, fluroxypyr should be used.
West Indies: Cleome rutidosperma is easily controlled by all weed control techniques and its abundance decreases when a natural multispecies cover is favoured in fruit crops or when plots are heavily shaded.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Flora of China : http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242412694
- Berton, A. (2020). Flore spontanée des cultures maraichères et fruitières de Guyane. Guide de reconnaissance des 140 adventices les plus communes des parcelles cultivées. Cayenne, Guyane, FREDON Guyane: 186.https://portal.wiktrop.org/document/show/173
- Marnotte, P. and A. Carrara. (2007). "Plantes des rizières de Guyane." from http://plantes-rizieres-guyane.cirad.fr/.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontannée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:147293-1
- Fournet, J. (2002). Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Gondwana éditions.
- Soerjani, M., A. J. G. H. Kostermans and G. Tjitrosemito (1987). Weeds of rice in Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia, Balai Puskata.
- Grossard, F., Le Bourgeois, T., Dumbardon-Martial, E. & Gervais, L. 2013. Adventilles - Guadeloupe & Martinique - Les adventices des Antilles françaises. Abymes, Guadeloupe, France, Les éditions du CTCS Guadeloupe. 195 p.
Information Listing > References
- Flora of China : http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242412694
- Berton, A. (2020). Flore spontanée des cultures maraichères et fruitières de Guyane. Guide de reconnaissance des 140 adventices les plus communes des parcelles cultivées. Cayenne, Guyane, FREDON Guyane: 186.https://portal.wiktrop.org/document/show/173
- Marnotte, P. and A. Carrara. (2007). "Plantes des rizières de Guyane." from http://plantes-rizieres-guyane.cirad.fr/.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 487 p.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontannée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:147293-1
- Fournet, J. (2002). Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Gondwana éditions.
- Soerjani, M., A. J. G. H. Kostermans and G. Tjitrosemito (1987). Weeds of rice in Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia, Balai Puskata.
- Grossard, F., Le Bourgeois, T., Dumbardon-Martial, E. & Gervais, L. 2013. Adventilles - Guadeloupe & Martinique - Les adventices des Antilles françaises. Abymes, Guadeloupe, France, Les éditions du CTCS Guadeloupe. 195 p.
Images
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Cleome%2520rutidosperma
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Capparales |
| Family | Cleomaceae |
| Genus | Cleome |
| Species | Cleome rutidosperma DC. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
