Code
PHSAT
Growth form
climber
Biological cycle
annual / perennial
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Phaseolus affinis Piper |
| synonym | Phaseolus atropurpureus DC. |
| synonym | Phaseolus canescens M.Martens & Galeotti |
| synonym | Phaseolus dysophyllus Benth. |
| synonym | Phaseolus schiedeanus Schltdl. |
| synonym | Phaseolus vestitus Hook. |
🗒 Common Names
| No Data |
📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Macroptilium atropurpureum is a creeping or climbing annual or perennial herb with training stems reaching up to 2 m in length. The leaves are alternate, trifoliate, with oval- triangular stipules, 4 to 5 mm long. The leaflets are ovate to rhombic, the lateral ones more or less lobed to one lobe, oblique. The inflorescence is a loose terminal cluster, with long peduncle, 10 to 30 cm. The Papilionaceous flower is dark purple with a velvety sheen, reddish at the base. Fruits are linear pods, cylindrical, 5 to 9 cm long and 3 to 4.5 mm wide, finely pubescent, dehiscent containing up to 12 seeds.
General habit
Macroptilium atropurpureum is an annual or perennial herb, creeping or climbing, more or less lianescent, with training stems reaching up to 2 m in length.
Underground system
Taproot system and adventitious roots at the nodes in contact with the ground.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical, full, creeping or climbing, branched, reaching up to 2 m in length; the young stems are voluble, lianescent, pubescent to densely hairy with white hairs.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, compound trifoliate. The stipules are ovate-triangular, 4 to 5 mm long, veined. The leaflets are oval to rhombic, 2 to 7 cm long and 1.5 to 5 cm wide. The terminal leaflet are broadly elliptical, the maximum width located in the lower third. The lateral leaflets are highly unsymmetrical, with margin entire and more or less strongly lobed margin. The apex is rounded, the base is rounded to more or less unsymmetrical for lateral leaflets. The upper surface is dark green and finely pubescent, the underside is gray-green, pubescent.
Inflorescence
The inflorescences are very loose terminal clusters, with peduncles, 10 to 30 cm long.
Flower
The papilionaceous flower is dark purple with a velvety sheen, reddish at the base: the calyx is tubular, 7 to 8 mm long with 5 triangular lobes, 2 to 3 mm long; blackish purple corolla is 1.5 to 2.5 cm long.
Fruit
The fruit is a linear, straight, cylindrical pod, 5 to 9 cm long and 3 to 4.5 mm wide, rostrate, pubescent, dehiscent, containing up to 12 seeds.
Seed
The seeds are oval to oblong-ellipsoid, 4 mm long, streaked with brown and black.
Macroptilium atropurpureum is a creeping or climbing annual or perennial herb with training stems reaching up to 2 m in length. The leaves are alternate, trifoliate, with oval- triangular stipules, 4 to 5 mm long. The leaflets are ovate to rhombic, the lateral ones more or less lobed to one lobe, oblique. The inflorescence is a loose terminal cluster, with long peduncle, 10 to 30 cm. The Papilionaceous flower is dark purple with a velvety sheen, reddish at the base. Fruits are linear pods, cylindrical, 5 to 9 cm long and 3 to 4.5 mm wide, finely pubescent, dehiscent containing up to 12 seeds.
General habit
Macroptilium atropurpureum is an annual or perennial herb, creeping or climbing, more or less lianescent, with training stems reaching up to 2 m in length.
Underground system
Taproot system and adventitious roots at the nodes in contact with the ground.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical, full, creeping or climbing, branched, reaching up to 2 m in length; the young stems are voluble, lianescent, pubescent to densely hairy with white hairs.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate, compound trifoliate. The stipules are ovate-triangular, 4 to 5 mm long, veined. The leaflets are oval to rhombic, 2 to 7 cm long and 1.5 to 5 cm wide. The terminal leaflet are broadly elliptical, the maximum width located in the lower third. The lateral leaflets are highly unsymmetrical, with margin entire and more or less strongly lobed margin. The apex is rounded, the base is rounded to more or less unsymmetrical for lateral leaflets. The upper surface is dark green and finely pubescent, the underside is gray-green, pubescent.
Inflorescence
The inflorescences are very loose terminal clusters, with peduncles, 10 to 30 cm long.
Flower
The papilionaceous flower is dark purple with a velvety sheen, reddish at the base: the calyx is tubular, 7 to 8 mm long with 5 triangular lobes, 2 to 3 mm long; blackish purple corolla is 1.5 to 2.5 cm long.
Fruit
The fruit is a linear, straight, cylindrical pod, 5 to 9 cm long and 3 to 4.5 mm wide, rostrate, pubescent, dehiscent, containing up to 12 seeds.
Seed
The seeds are oval to oblong-ellipsoid, 4 mm long, streaked with brown and black.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
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Madagascar: The flowering period of Macroptilium atropurpureum is from January to May
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Cyclicity
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Macroptilium atropurpureum is an annual or perennial herb which is propagated by seeds or by rooting from nodes. The seeds are dispersed by fruit dehiscence, water, animals and tillage equipment.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Liana
Prostrated
Liana climbing structure
Liana without tendril
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Compound
Type of prefoliation
Broad leaves
Compound leaf type
Trifoliate leaf
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
Lanceolate stipule
Leaf attachment type
with petiole
Fruit type
Pod
Pod type
Cylindrical pod in section
Lamina base
rounded
acute
asymmetric
Lamina margin
hairy
irregular
entire
Lamina apex
attenuate
acute
Upperface pilosity
Less hairy
Dense hairy
Upperface hair type
Scabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Dense hairy
Less hairy
Lowerface hair type
Long
Lamina section
embossed
Lamina Veination
in arc
Flower color
Blue
Inflorescence type
Raceme with alternate sessile flowers
Stem pilosity
Dense hairy
Less hairy
Stem hair type
Hairs reflected
Pubescent
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Climber
Look Alikes
Macroptilium atropurpureum can be confused with M. lathyroides which is distinguished by its rather voluble climbing characteristics, its narrow, oval leaflets with non lobed margin, virtually glabrous and pink or crimson colored flowers.
| Key identification of lianescent leguminosae | ||||||||
| Bi-pinnate leaves | 1 to 2 pairs of leaflets | Mimosa pudica | ||||||
| 3 to 9 pairs of leaflets | Mimosa diplotricha | |||||||
| Pinnate leaves | Clitoria heterophylla | |||||||
| Tri-foliate leaves | Lateral leaflets symmetrical | Elliptical or oval leaflets | Terminal leaflets similar to lateral leaflets | Teramnus labialis | ||||
| Terminal leaflets larger than lateral leaflets | Venations very marked | Cajanus scarabaeoides | ||||||
| Venations not very visible | leaflets > 10 mm | Desmodium adscendens | ||||||
| leaflets < 10 mm | Desmodium triflorum | |||||||
| Extremes of leaflets acute | Narrowly lanceolate leaflets (2 cm) | Macroptilium lathyroides | ||||||
| Large acuminate leaflets | Trigonal stem scabrous at the angles | Desmodium intortum | ||||||
| Cylindrical stem | Leaflets with a silver spot | petioles 2 mm | Desmodium incanum | |||||
| petioles 5 à 15 mm | Desmodium uncinatum | |||||||
| Leaflets uniform green | Terminal leaflet large (7 cm) | Centrosema pubescens | ||||||
| Terminal leaflet very large(15 cm) | Centrosema plumieri | |||||||
| Lateral leaflets asymmetrical | Terminal leaflet wider than longer | Rhynchosia malacophylla | ||||||
| Terminal leaflet as large as long | Big leaf (15 cm) | Rhynchosia viscosa | ||||||
| Small leaf (7 cm) | Rhynchosia minima | |||||||
| Elongated terminal leaflet | Lateral leaflets with only one rounded lobe | Macroptilium atropurpureum | ||||||
| Lateral leaflet without lobe | big stipules (6 mm) | Lablab purpureus | ||||||
| small stipules (2 mm) | Mucuna pruriens | |||||||
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Ecology
Madagascar: Macroptilium atropurpureum grows on alluvial, ferruginous and lateritic soils, more or less humiferous, of highly variable fertility in sunny places. It is a weed of fallows, rainfed crops (rice, cassava) and perennial crops, of more or less extensive systems on the edges of roads and canals, edges of cultivations in almost all agro-ecological areas of Madagascar up to 1200 m altitude.
Reunion: It is an infrequent weed in the sugarcane fields of the northeast coast and Southeast.
Reunion: It is an infrequent weed in the sugarcane fields of the northeast coast and Southeast.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
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Origin
Macroptilium atropurpureum is native to tropical and subtropical America
Worldwide distribution
Species widespread in tropical regions, Central America, South America, Southern USA, tropical Africa, Madagascar, India, Southeast Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.
Macroptilium atropurpureum is native to tropical and subtropical America
Worldwide distribution
Species widespread in tropical regions, Central America, South America, Southern USA, tropical Africa, Madagascar, India, Southeast Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Madagascar: Macroptilium atropurpureum is a weed species quite common but often scarce in crops. It does not present any particular difficulty except if the intervention is too late. It is common in all agro-ecological zones of Madagascar below 1200 m altitude. It can be locally abundant in cassava crops, crop borders and poorly maintained fruit crops.
Reunion: It is an infrequent weed, but occasionally abundant in sugar cane, especially on the North-east coast of the island.
Madagascar: Macroptilium atropurpureum is a weed species quite common but often scarce in crops. It does not present any particular difficulty except if the intervention is too late. It is common in all agro-ecological zones of Madagascar below 1200 m altitude. It can be locally abundant in cassava crops, crop borders and poorly maintained fruit crops.
Reunion: It is an infrequent weed, but occasionally abundant in sugar cane, especially on the North-east coast of the island.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
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Agricultural: Macroptilium atropurpureum is used as forage in pastures and fallows or for the protection by permanent soil cover in the dry tropics of Madagascar.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Management
Local control
Madagascar: Macroptilium atropurpureum is controlled by means of various hand tools such as angady and sickle in cropping systems based on cassava or fruit crops.
Madagascar: Macroptilium atropurpureum is controlled by means of various hand tools such as angady and sickle in cropping systems based on cassava or fruit crops.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- DU PUY D. J., LABAT J. N., RABEVOHITRA R., VILLIERS J. F., BOSSER J. & MOAT J., 2002 – The Leguminoseae of Madagascar. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, 2002, p 586.
- Bosser, J., I. K. Fergusson and C. Soopramanien (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- SIKERMAN P.J., CAMERON D.G. & RIVEROS F. 1988 – TROPICAL FORAGE LEGUMES - FAO Rome, p 329-337.
- Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de Madagascar : http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=12&taxon_id=242331108
- https://www.feedipedia.org/node/278
Information Listing > References
- DU PUY D. J., LABAT J. N., RABEVOHITRA R., VILLIERS J. F., BOSSER J. & MOAT J., 2002 – The Leguminoseae of Madagascar. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, 2002, p 586.
- Bosser, J., I. K. Fergusson and C. Soopramanien (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- SIKERMAN P.J., CAMERON D.G. & RIVEROS F. 1988 – TROPICAL FORAGE LEGUMES - FAO Rome, p 329-337.
- Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de Madagascar : http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=12&taxon_id=242331108
- https://www.feedipedia.org/node/278
Images
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Macroptilium%2520atropurpureum
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Macroptilium |
| Species | Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
