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WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
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Rivina humilis L.

Accepted
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
Rivina humilis L.
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🗒 Synonyms
synonymRivina humilis var. laevis (L.) Millsp.
synonymRivina laevis L.
synonymRivina laevis var. pubescens Griseb.
synonymRivina paraguayensis D.Parodi
synonymRivina purpurascens Schrad.
synonymSolanoides laevis (L.) Moench
🗒 Common Names
English
  • Baby pepper, Coral berry, Bloodberry, Rivina
French
  • Baies de corail (Nouvelle-Calédonie)
  • Petite groseille (Réunion, Maurice)
Other
  • Rodzo mena (Kibushi, Mayotte)
  • Bloedbessie (Afrikaans, South Africa)
📚 Overview
Overview
Brief
Code

RIVHU

Growth form

Broadleaved

Biological cycle

Perennial

Habitat

Terrestrial

Thomas Le Bourgeois
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Thomas Le Bourgeois
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    Diagnostic Keys
    Description
    Global description

    Rivina humilis is a herbaceous to sublignous plant with a branching habit that grows up to 1 m. Taproot. The stems are green and fluted. The leaves (4 to 12 cm long for 1 to 4 wide) petiolate, alternate are simple. The blade is glabrous on both sides, smooth and triangular, the margin is slightly wavy. The petiole is thin and half as long as the blade. The white inflorescences are grouped in spikelike clusters located at the end of the branches. The flower (2 to 3 mm in diameter) is short pedicelled (2 to 3 mm). The petals, 4 in number are obovate, slightly pink on their end and tend to close the flower as they age. The flower has 4 white stamens. The fruit is a round berry, vermilion red, shiny 4 mm in diameter, slightly apiculated.

    Thomas Le Bourgeois
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      No Data
      📚 Natural History
      Life Cycle

      Mayotte : Rivina humilis flowers and fruits all year long.
      Reunion : Rivina humilis produces flowers and fruits all year long.

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        Cyclicity
        Rivina humilis is a perennial species. It multiplies by seeds.

        Thomas Le Bourgeois
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          Ecology

          Rivina humilis is a plant of the wet tropics, found in forests, thickets, on roadsides, and disturbed areas at elevations from sea level to 1700 m.

          Mauritius : A common species at low altitude along the coast.
          Mayotte : Rivina humilis is an exotic species, sometimes cultivated for ornamental purposes, naturalized in the hygrophilous forests, in particular around Mount Combani.
          New Caledonia: Rivina humilis grows on moist soils in shady environments. It is frequently found in the undergrowth (humid forest, humid forest on limestone) along fields and in secondary areas.
          Reunion: A common species at low altitude in the eastern part of the island, in a shady and humid situation, especially in thickets of Leucaena leucocephala.
          South Africa: It can be found in forests, along riverbanks and in urban spaces.

           

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            📚 Habitat and Distribution
            General Habitat
            Origin

            Rivina humilis is native to tropical America, from Argentina to the south of the USA.

            Worldwide distribution

            The species has been introduced and is naturalized in the Pacific Islands and Malaysia. It has also been introduced in a few countries in Africa, Asia and temperate regions. It was introduced at the beginning of the 20th century in New Caledonia.

            Thomas Le Bourgeois
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              No Data
              📚 Occurrence
              No Data
              📚 Demography and Conservation
              Risk Statement

              Local harmfulness

              Mauritius: Rivina humilis is present, but does not occur as a crop weed.
              New Caledonia:
              Rivina umilis is a minor pasture invader, but its cumulative presence with other minor weeds constitutes a community of low or no palatable species whose abundance contributes to pasture degradation.
              Reunion: This species has been introduced but is not present in cultivated areas. It can be found in towns and cities on the edges of fences, in poorly tended gardens and on wasteland.
              South Africa: Rivina humilis competes with native species.

               

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                No Data
                📚 Uses and Management
                Management
                Local control

                New Caledonia: The germination and spread of Rivina humilis, an annual species, should be prevented as much as possible by maintaining a dense herbaceous cover. The insulated feet can be easily torn off by hand. On settled stands, the rotary crushing alone causes the regrowth of the plant and may contribute to its dispersion if it is made to fruiting. It will therefore be supplemented with a full-scale herbicide spray treatment on extended stands with grass-selective active ingredients (2,4-D, Triclopyr, or combining the two active ingredients).

                Thomas Le Bourgeois
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                  No Data
                  📚 Information Listing
                  References
                  1. Bosser, J., I. K. Fergusson and C. Soopramanien (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
                  2. CABI https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/116742
                  3. Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
                  4. Blanfort, V., F. Desmoulins, J. Prosperi, T. Le Bourgeois, R. Guiglion and P. Grard (2010). AdvenPaC V.1.0 : Adventices et plantes à conflit d'intérêt des Pâturages de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Montpellier, France, IAC, Cirad.http://idao.cirad.fr/applications
                  5. Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2
                  6. Invasives South Africa https://invasives.org.za/fact-sheet/bloodberry/
                  Information Listing > References
                  1. Bosser, J., I. K. Fergusson and C. Soopramanien (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
                  2. CABI https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/116742
                  3. Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
                  4. Blanfort, V., F. Desmoulins, J. Prosperi, T. Le Bourgeois, R. Guiglion and P. Grard (2010). AdvenPaC V.1.0 : Adventices et plantes à conflit d'intérêt des Pâturages de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Montpellier, France, IAC, Cirad.http://idao.cirad.fr/applications
                  5. Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2
                  6. Invasives South Africa https://invasives.org.za/fact-sheet/bloodberry/

                  Plantes envahissantes et dégradation des pâturages et des espaces pastoraux en Nouvelle-Calédonie

                  Thomas Le Bourgeois
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                  Thomas Le Bourgeois
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                    No Data
                    🐾 Taxonomy
                    📊 Temporal Distribution
                    📷 Related Observations
                    👥 Groups
                    WIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areasWIKTROP - Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas
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