Code
PYLMP
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
Terrestrial
PYLMP
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Diasperus maderaspatensis (L.) Kuntze |
| synonym | Nellica maderaspatana Raf., nom. illeg. |
🗒 Common Names
| No Data |
📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is an erect, branched, glabrous plant, with translucent latex. The flowers, unisexual, are arranged in the axils of the leaves. The female flowers have 6 sepals and a smooth ovary. The capsule contains 6 seeds crossed by 9 longitudinal lines of black granulations.
Cotyledons
Cotyledons are linear and sessile. They are very elongated and measure 30 mm long and 2 mm wide. They are located 3 cm above the ground.
First leaves
The first leaves are linear to elliptic, barely larger than the cotyledons. They are subsessile.
General habit
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is erect. The plant grows into a rapidly branched main axis. It measures 30 to 70 cm in height.
Underground system
The root is a taproot, provided with fine secondary roots.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical and totally glabrous. A translucent latex flows out when cut. It is blue-green and woody at the base in older plants.
Leaf
The leaves are simple and alternate. They are briefly petiolate; the base of the petiole is framed by two lanceolate stipules 3 mm long. The blade is obovate in shape with a round, apiculate apex. They are 4 cm long and 1.3 cm wide. The margin is entire and both sides are glabrous. They are blue green; the lower face is creepy.
Flower
The flowers are inserted in the axils of the leaves, along the main axis and twigs. The sexes are separated. The female flowers are at the base of the branch, the male flowers at the top. In the middle of the twig, two flowers, a female and a male, are often grouped in the axil of a leaf. The flowers do not have petals. The female flowers have 6 sepals arranged in two rows. The disc, under the ovary, is reduced to separate glands. The ovary with 3 cells is smooth and is 3.5 mm in diameter. It is surmounted by a trifid style, very short. The male flowers are very small; they are composed of 6 sepals and 3 fused stamens. They are smaller than the female flowers.
Fruit
The fruit is a dehiscent capsule with 3 cells. It is flat and smooth. Each cell contains 2 seeds.
Seed
The seed has an orange quarter shape; it is 1.5 mm high. It is dark brown and traversed by 8 to 10 longitudinal lines of small black granulations, connected in a network.
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is an erect, branched, glabrous plant, with translucent latex. The flowers, unisexual, are arranged in the axils of the leaves. The female flowers have 6 sepals and a smooth ovary. The capsule contains 6 seeds crossed by 9 longitudinal lines of black granulations.
Cotyledons
Cotyledons are linear and sessile. They are very elongated and measure 30 mm long and 2 mm wide. They are located 3 cm above the ground.
First leaves
The first leaves are linear to elliptic, barely larger than the cotyledons. They are subsessile.
General habit
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is erect. The plant grows into a rapidly branched main axis. It measures 30 to 70 cm in height.
Underground system
The root is a taproot, provided with fine secondary roots.
Stem
The stem is cylindrical and totally glabrous. A translucent latex flows out when cut. It is blue-green and woody at the base in older plants.
Leaf
The leaves are simple and alternate. They are briefly petiolate; the base of the petiole is framed by two lanceolate stipules 3 mm long. The blade is obovate in shape with a round, apiculate apex. They are 4 cm long and 1.3 cm wide. The margin is entire and both sides are glabrous. They are blue green; the lower face is creepy.
Flower
The flowers are inserted in the axils of the leaves, along the main axis and twigs. The sexes are separated. The female flowers are at the base of the branch, the male flowers at the top. In the middle of the twig, two flowers, a female and a male, are often grouped in the axil of a leaf. The flowers do not have petals. The female flowers have 6 sepals arranged in two rows. The disc, under the ovary, is reduced to separate glands. The ovary with 3 cells is smooth and is 3.5 mm in diameter. It is surmounted by a trifid style, very short. The male flowers are very small; they are composed of 6 sepals and 3 fused stamens. They are smaller than the female flowers.
Fruit
The fruit is a dehiscent capsule with 3 cells. It is flat and smooth. Each cell contains 2 seeds.
Seed
The seed has an orange quarter shape; it is 1.5 mm high. It is dark brown and traversed by 8 to 10 longitudinal lines of small black granulations, connected in a network.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
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Northern Cameroon: Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is a species of middle and end of the crop cycle. Germination begins in June or July when the rains are regular and continues until August. Maintenance practices (weeding, hilling) are followed by short germination phases. Maximum vegetation occurs in July and August. Flowering begins in August and fruiting in September. This fruiting lasts until December, when the water reserve Vertisol becomes insufficient to feed the annual species.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Look Alikes
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Characters to distinguish some Phyllanthus spp.
| Habit | Leaves along main axis |
Stem | Flowers on branches |
Female flower pedicel |
Sepals | Disc | Species |
| subwoody erect |
yes | cylindrical green blue |
base 1 ♀ milieu 1 ♀ + 1-2 ♂ apex 1-2 ♂ |
short 1,5-2 mm |
6 | 5 free lobes | P. maderaspatensis |
| herbaceouserect | no | cylindrical dark green |
2 ♀ + 2 ♂ |
long and pendent |
5 | orbicular disc | P. tenellus |
| herbaceous erect |
no | cylindrical green to purpel |
base 2-3 ♂ apex 1 ♀ |
short 1-2 mm |
5 | stellate disc | P. niruroides |
| herbaceous erect |
no | cylindrical light green |
base 1-3 ♂ apex 1 ♂ + 1 ♀ |
short 2 mm |
5 | 5lobed disc | P. amarus |
| herbaceous erect |
no |
cylindrical green |
base 3-7 ♂ apex 1 ♀ |
medium |
5 | pentagonal disc |
P. niruri |
| herbaceous prostrate to erect |
no | tetragonal winged redish | base 1 ♀ apex 2-4 ♂ |
short 0,5-1 mm |
6 | ondulate disc | P. urinaria |
| subwoody erect to prostrate |
no | cylindrical green |
base 2-4 ♂ apex 1 ♀ |
medium 5 mm |
6 | orbicular disc | P. virgatus |
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Identification key of Phyllanthus
| Flowers | Color of the stem | Stem | Leaf | Habit | Sepals | Species |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| long pedicellate | dark green | winged | 0,7-1,9 cm | erect | 5 | Phyllanthus tenellus |
| short pedicellate | blue green | not winged | 4 cm | 6 | Phyllanthus maderaspatensis | |
| light green | 0,8-1,2 cm | 5 | Phyllanthus amarus | |||
| redish | 0,5-1,1 cm | 5 | Phyllanthus niruroides | |||
| 0,7- 1,2 cm | prostrate | 6 | Phyllanthus urinaria |
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
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Northern Cameroon: Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is a characteristic species of vertic soils and fersialitic soils with a clay content of more than 20%. It is not very dependent on the rainfall because the clay nature of the soil makes it possible to keep a sufficient humidity. It is present in a semi-intensive farming system using tilled plowing and regular fertilizer inputs.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
Description
Worldwide distribution
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is a widespread species in the tropical and subtropical regions of the old world (Africa, Asia, Australia).
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
Local harmfulness
Northern Cameroon: Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is generally not frequent (12% of plots) but becomes very common in plots on clay soil (vertic soils and fersialitic soils) and sometimes abundant, especially in the middle of the crop cycle.
Northern Cameroon: Phyllanthus maderaspatensis is generally not frequent (12% of plots) but becomes very common in plots on clay soil (vertic soils and fersialitic soils) and sometimes abundant, especially in the middle of the crop cycle.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1954. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. I part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 295p.
- Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad.637p.
- Berhaut J., 1975a. Flore illustrée du Sénégal. Tome 3. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 634 p.
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
- Braun M., Burgstaller H., Hamdoun A. M. & Walter H., 1991. Common weeds of Central Sudan. GTZ, Verlag Josef Margraf ed. Scientific Book, Weikersheim, Germany, 329p.
Information Listing > References
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1954. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. I part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 295p.
- Le Bourgeois, T. and H. Merlier (1995). Adventrop - Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad.637p.
- Berhaut J., 1975a. Flore illustrée du Sénégal. Tome 3. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 634 p.
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
- Braun M., Burgstaller H., Hamdoun A. M. & Walter H., 1991. Common weeds of Central Sudan. GTZ, Verlag Josef Margraf ed. Scientific Book, Weikersheim, Germany, 329p.
Images
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Phyllanthus%2520maderaspatensis
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Malpighiales |
| Family | Phyllanthaceae |
| Genus | Phyllanthus |
| Species | Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
