Code
ECHCV
Growth form
grass
Biological cycle
annual
Habitat
marshland
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Echinochloa aristata Raspail, nom. inval. |
| synonym | Echinochloa composita J.Presl ex Nees, pro syn. |
| synonym | Echinochloa crus-galli f. sabulicola (Nees) Farw. |
| synonym | Echinochloa crus-galli f. sabulonum Farw., orth. var. |
| synonym | Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-pavonis (Kunth) Hitchc. |
| synonym | Echinochloa crus-galli var. macera (Wiegand) Shinners |
| synonym | Echinochloa crus-pavonis var. macera (Wiegand) Gould |
| synonym | Echinochloa kimayalaensis Vanderyst |
| synonym | Echinochloa sabulicola (Nees) Hitchc. |
| synonym | Echinochloa zelayensis var. macera Wiegand |
| synonym | Echinochloa zelayensis var. subaristata Wiegand |
| synonym | Oplismenus angustifolius E.Fourn. |
| synonym | Oplismenus crus-pavonis Kunth |
| synonym | Oplismenus jamaicensis Kunth |
| synonym | Oplismenus sabulicola (Nees) Kunth |
| synonym | Panicum aristatum Macfad., nom. illeg. |
| synonym | Panicum colonum var. bussei Peter |
| synonym | Panicum crus-galli var. aristatum G.Mey., nom. illeg. |
| synonym | Panicum crus-galli var. sabulicola (Nees) Trin. |
| synonym | Panicum crus-pavonis (Kunth) Nees |
| synonym | Panicum crus-pavonis var. rostratum Stapf |
| synonym | Panicum horridum Salzm. ex Steud., pro syn. |
| synonym | Panicum jamaicense (Kunth) Steud. |
| synonym | Panicum sabulicola Nees |
🗒 Common Names
| No Data |
📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Echinochloa crus-pavonis is an annual erect plant with stout stems up to 2 m tall. Linear tapered leaves have a scabrid margin. They are flat and without ligule. The margin of the sheath is ciliated. The inflorescence is large, up to 25 cm long, and ample. It is erect, sometimes bent. It is composed of a staging of simple or branched racemes, carrying bundles of tight spikelets. The spikelet is 2.5 to 3 mm long. It usually has a short awn of a few mm. The color of the inflorescence varies from green to reddish. The grain is about 1.5 mm long.
General habit
Robust annual plant in upright tufts, up to 2 m tall.
Underground system
The roots are fasciculate.
Culm
The culm is erect, sometimes lying at the base, measuring 50 cm to 2 m in height and up to 1 cm in diameter at the base. It is compressed, marked with deep streaks, glabrous and lustrous.
Leaf
The leaves are alternate and simple. The sheath is compressed, keeled, glabrous but ciliated on the margin. The sheaths of the base are very imbricate, the upper ones shorter than the internodes. The ligule is absent. The limb is linear, in tapered tip at the apex. It is 15 to 60 cm long and 5 to 25 mm wide. It is flat and glabrous, scabrid on the margin, and sometimes on the upper face.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is a large, erect, sometimes tilted panicle measuring 10 to 25 cm long. It consists of a succession of racemes composed with short branches, 2.5 to 15 cm long. The spikelets are arranged in tight groups.
Spikelet
The spikelet is 2.5 to 3 mm long. The lower lemma usually has an awn that is 1 to 4 mm long. The spikelets are greenish to reddish in color.
Fruit
Grain obovate to oblong, it is about 1.5 mm long.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Look Alikes
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Distinction of Echinochloa species is not easy
Distinctivve criteria of several Echinochloa species
| Biology | Ligule | Callus | Racèmes | Spickelet disposal | Spickelet size | Species |
| annual | ciliate | globular | 6-8 simple | 2 raws | 3-4 mm | E. callopus |
| annual | absent | absent | numerous ramified | fasciculate | 2-3 mm | E. crus-pavonis |
| annual | absent | absent | numerous simple | 2 raws or more | 3-4 mm | E. crus-galli |
| annual | absent | absent | numerous simple | 4 raws | 1,5-3 mm | E. colona |
| annual/vivacious | absent | absent | 2 - 12 simple | 2 raws | 3 mm | E. obtusiflora |
| vivacious | ciliate | absent | numerous simple or ramified | fasciculate | 2,5-3,5 mm | E. pyramidalis |
| vivacious | ciliate | absent | numerous simple unilateral | fasciculate | 3,5-6 mm | E. stagnina |
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
Echinochloa crus-pavonis grows on the edge of ponds, near water and in lowland paddy fields.
West Indies: Species present in Guadeloupe and Martinique from 0 to 15 (300) m above sea level in lowland wetlands, ditches, and at the edge of gullies in hilly areas.
Ivory Coast: Species widespread along rivers in forest areas and on the banks of forest galleries in the savannah area. It is sometimes common in fallow of rice fields, on the muddy perimeters of ponds, ponds but also in open water in swamps. It is also a weed frequent in rice fields.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
Description
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Worldwide distribution
Echinochloa crus-pavonis is widely present in all tropical regions, including tropical Africa and southern Africa, tropical America and Asia.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Local harmfulness
Burkina Faso: Echinochlos crus-pavonis is rare and scanty in rice crops.
Chad: frequent and scanty.
Ghana: frequent and generally abundant.
Ivory Coast: frequent and scanty.
Kenya: frequent and scanty.
Mali: rare but abundant when it is present.
Senegal: rare and scanty.
Uganda: frequent and scanty.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Management
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Fournet, J. 2002. Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Cirad, Gondwana éditions, Montpellier, France.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Grard, P., et al. (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- Kissmann, K.G. 1997. Plantas Infestantes e Nocivas, Sao Paulo.
- Poilecot, P. 1995. Les Poaceae de Côte-d'Ivoire. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève, Genève, Suisse.
Information Listing > References
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Fournet, J. 2002. Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Cirad, Gondwana éditions, Montpellier, France.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Grard, P., et al. (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds.
- Kissmann, K.G. 1997. Plantas Infestantes e Nocivas, Sao Paulo.
- Poilecot, P. 1995. Les Poaceae de Côte-d'Ivoire. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève, Genève, Suisse.
Images
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Echinochloa%2520crus-pavonis
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Poaceae |
| Genus | Echinochloa |
| Species | Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
