Code
FIMFE
Growth form
Sedge
Biological cycle
Vivacious
Habitat
Marshland
Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl
synonym | Fimbristylis spadicea var. ferruginea (L.) Alph.Wood |
synonym | Iria ferruginea (L.) Kuntze |
synonym | Isolepis ferruginea (L.) Schltdl. |
synonym | Scirpus ferrugineus L. |
No Data |
Global description
Fimbristylis ferruginea is a medium-sized vivacious sedge, 45-75 cm tall, which develops in dense clumps from a short rhizome. The trigonal stems bear at their base leaves reduced to sheaths without silky hairs, then leaves with narrow and canaliculate limb. All leaves may be absent, reduced to their sheath. The inflorescence is simple or compound, a rather compact umbel subtended by 1 to 4 leaf bracts. The spikelets are ovoid-shaped, 10 mm in average and brown in color. The glumes are pubescent on the back in their upper part. The fruit is a largely obovoid biconvex achene of brownish color whose style is not persistent.
General habit
Vivacious plant, 45 to 75 cm tall, with filiform leaves and erect stems united in dense tuft. Plant usually hairless, sometimes slightly pubescent.
Underground system
Fasciculate roots from a short rhizome coated with greyish-brown scales.
Stem
The stems are erect and joined in a dense tuft. The stems measure from 15 to 75 cm in height with a diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm. The section is trigonal with obtuse angles. They are smooth and hairless.
Leaf
At the base, 2 to 4 leaves reduced to sheaths not bearing long silky hairs. The developed leaves are short, with an enlarged sheath. The blade is 1 to 15 cm long and 0.6 to 2.5 mm wide. They are narrow and rigid, canaliculate to more or less involute, striated, glabrous or pubescent, often viscous and scabrid on the margin. They present a short whitish ligule formed of a fringe of short hairs. The blade may be absent, all the leaves are then reduced to sheaths.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is an umbel usually contracted, simple or rarely composed, which is 1.2 to 7 cm long. It is composed of 3 to 20 spikelets. It is subtended by 1 to 4 broadly basal leaf bracts, usually shorter than the inflorescence (1 to 3 cm long).
Spikelet
The spikelet is of conical ovoid shape or conical ellipsoid. It is 5.6 to 7.8 mm long and 3.2 to 3.4 mm in diameter. It is brown. The glumes are oval to obovate, with an obtuse mucronate apex. They are arranged spirally, of more or less equal size. They are 3 to 4.5 mm long, dull, ferruginous or blackish in color. Their edge is finely membranous, the back covered with a single rib. They have gray pubescence on the back, in the upper third. The flower consists of 3 stamens and a flattened style ciliated with 2 stigmas.
Fruit
The fruit is a largely obovoid achene, unequally biconvex, 1 to 1.2 mm long. Its surface is smooth. The style is not persistent at maturity. It is of a light orange to yellow-brown color.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Fimbristylis ferruginea grows in brackish marshes and lowland marshlands.
Côte d'Ivoire: Weed of lowland rice paddies, brackish lagoons and swamps.
Mauritius and Rodrigues: Species present in brackish coastal marshes.
Reunion: Absent.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Worldwide distribution
Fimbristylis ferruginea is widespread in the tropical, subtropical and Mediterranean regions of Africa up to the southern periphery of the Mediterranean, Asia and Oceania. In America it is only present in Central America, the Caribbean and Guyanas.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Local harmfulness
Benin: Fimbristylis ferruginea is rare but abundant when present in paddy fields.
Burkina Faso: frequent and generally abundant.
Côte d'Ivoire: frequent and scanty.
Ghana: frequent and generally abundant.
Mali: frequent and scanty.
Nigeria: rare but abundant when it is present.
Senegal: rare and scanty.
Tanzania: rare and scanty.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Pancho, J.V., Obien, S.R. 1995. Manual of Ricefield Weeds in the Philippines. Philippine Rice Research Institute, Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.
- Bosser, J., et al. (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- Simpson, D. A. & Koyama T., 1998, Flora of Thailand, volume six part four, Cyperaceae. The forest herbarium, royal forest department, Bangkok, Thaïlande.
- Fournet, J. 2002. Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Cirad, Gondwana éditions, Montpellier, France.
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Pancho, J.V., Obien, S.R. 1995. Manual of Ricefield Weeds in the Philippines. Philippine Rice Research Institute, Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.
- Bosser, J., et al. (Mult. an.). Flore des Mascareignes. La Réunion, Maurice, Rodrigues, MSIRI, IRD, Kew.
- Simpson, D. A. & Koyama T., 1998, Flora of Thailand, volume six part four, Cyperaceae. The forest herbarium, royal forest department, Bangkok, Thaïlande.
- Fournet, J. 2002. Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Cirad, Gondwana éditions, Montpellier, France.
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Fimbristylis%2520ferruginea
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Liliopsida |
Order | Poales |
Family | Cyperaceae |
Genus | Fimbristylis |
Species | Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl |