Panicum trichoides Sw.

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Guiana Shield, Caribbean, Orinoquia, Pacific. Elevation range: 0–1500 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Amazonas, Antioquia, Atlántico, Caldas, Caquetá, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Córdoba, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Quindío, San Andrés y Providencia, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.

Habit

Herb.

Conservation

National Red List of Colombia (2021): Potential LC.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.

Vernacular

Guardasireno, Ilusión de hojita ancha, Ilusión golondrina, Leguminosa

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:2. 1972

Morphology General Habit

Ascending annual about 30 cm, high.

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 1500 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Guayana y Serranía de La Macarena, Islas Caribeñas, Llanura del Caribe, Orinoquia, Pacífico, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

No Evaluada

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora Zambesiaca 10:3. 1989

Morphology General Habit

Delicate annual with decumbent culms 15–100 cm. long.

Morphology Leaves Leaf lamina

Leaf laminae 3–7 cm. long and 5–20 mm. wide, lanceolate or narrowly ovate, thin, pilose, acuminate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Panicle 5–15(25) cm. long, broadly ovate to ovate-oblong, finely branched, the branching regular.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets 1–1.5 mm. long, asymmetrically ovate, puberulous, bluntly acute; inferior glume up to 1/2 the length of the spikelet, 1-nerved, separated from the superior glume by a short internode; superior glume 3–5-nerved; inferior lemma 3–5-nerved, its palea poorly developed, sterile; superior lemma and palea usually pallid, granulose.

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular

ilusión, paja churcada

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/137670211/192153801

Conservation

LC - least concern

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips & S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974

Morphology General Habit

Delicate annual; culms slender, 15–100 cm. long, often branched, decumbent or ascending.

Morphology Leaves

Leaf-sheaths often stiffly hairy and ciliately fringed; blades lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 3–7 cm. long, 5–20 mm. wide, cordate or asymmetrically narrowed at the base, thin, pilose, acuminate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Panicle ovate-oblong, 6–16 cm. long, rarely more, finely branched, the branching usually symmetrical.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets ovate, asymmetric in side view, 1–1.5 mm. long, sparsely to densely pubescent, blunt; lower glume broadly ovate, up to 1/2 the length of the spikelet, 1-nerved, acute, separated from the rest of the spikelet by a short internode; upper glume as long as the spikelet or slightly shorter, 3–5-nerved; lower lemma 3–5-nerved, sterile, its palea poorly developed; upper lemma finely granulose.

Habitat

Forest shade; 0–900 m.

Distribution

tropical America, probably introduced into tropical Africa and Malaya K7 T6 T8 U2

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora Zambesiaca 10:3. 1989

Morphology General Habit

Perennial with slender pubescent rhizomes; culms 40–100 cm. high, wiry at the base.

Morphology Leaves Leaf lamina

Leaf laminae 9–27 cm. × 2–6 mm., acute.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Panicle 8–18 cm. long, oblong.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets 2.4–2.8 mm. long, oblong, glabrous, obtuse; inferior glume broadly ovate 1/3 the length of the spikelet, 3-nerved; superior glume 5-nerved; inferior lemma 5-nerved, male, its palea well developed; superior lemma transversely rugulose.

Morphology General Habit

Perennial. Rhizomes elongated; scaly; hairy. Culms 40-100 cm long; wiry. Lateral branches lacking, or sparse. Leaf-sheaths pilose. Ligule a ciliate membrane. Leaf-blades 9-27 cm long; 2-6 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface pilose; sparsely hairy. Leaf-blade apex acute.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open; oblong; 8-18 cm long. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong; dorsally compressed; obtuse; 2.4-2.8 mm long; falling entire.

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong; dorsally compressed; obtuse; 2.4-2.8 mm long; falling entire.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; 0.33 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 3 -veined. Lower glume apex obtuse. Upper glume ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 5 -veined.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Basal sterile florets male; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 5 -veined; without grooves. Fertile lemma oblong; dorsally compressed; 2.4-2.8 mm long; indurate; without keel. Lemma surface rugose. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex obtuse. Palea involute; indurate. Palea surface rugose.

Distribution

Africa: southern tropical.

Reference

Paniceae. FZ 2007.