Avicennia L.

Native to:

Alabama, Aldabra, Andaman Is., Angola, Aruba, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., China Southeast, Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is., Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Galápagos, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iran, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Louisiana, Madagascar, Malaya, Maluku, Marianas, Mauritania, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, New Zealand North, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Norfolk Is., Northern Territory, Oman, Pakistan, Panamá, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Sinai, Socotra, Solomon Is., Somalia, South Australia, Southwest Caribbean, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Texas, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Victoria, Vietnam, Western Australia, Windward Is., Yemen, Zaïre

Introduced into:

California

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
• Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Govaerts, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Black, N., Turner, R. & Paton, A. (2021). The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00997-6. Scientific Data 8: 215.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

• Moldenke in Phytologia 7: 123, 179, 259 (1960).
• —F.T.A. 5: 331

Flora Zambesiaca

• Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60 : 149–154 (1973)
• F.T.E.A., Verbenaceae: 144, fig. 21 (1992).
• Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 49 (1754).
• Moldenke in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 149–154 (1973)
• Rev. Fl. Ceylon 4 : 126 (1983).
• Sp. Pl.: 110 (1753)
• Verdcourt in F.T.E.A., Verbenaceae: 144, fig. 21 (1992).
• in Rev. Fl. Ceylon 4: 126 (1983).

Flora of Somalia

• Cuf. Enum.: 803 (1962)
• Fl. Trop. E. Afr. (1992), as part of Verbenaceae.
• Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

• Bakhuizen van den Brink in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 199–226, tt. 14–22 (1921)
• Biswas in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edin. 18: 159–166, tt. 243–246 (1934)
• Jafri, Fl. W. Pakistan 49, Avicenniac. (1973)
• L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 49 (1754)
• Moldenke in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 149–154 (1973)
• Sp. Pl.: 110 (1753)
• in Rev. Fl. Ceylon 4: 126 (1983) (very full references)