Smilacaceae
Smilax

Smilax aspera L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 1028 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Macaronesia, Medit. to Myanmar and S. Tropical Africa. It is a climber and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Doubtfully present in:

Malawi, Turkey-in-Europe

Native to:

Albania, Algeria, Assam, Azores, Baleares, Bangladesh, Canary Is., China South-Central, Corse, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., East Himalaya, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Greece, India, Iran, Italy, Kenya, Kriti, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Palestine, Portugal, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Tibet, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, West Himalaya, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Cowley, E.J. (1989). Smilacaceae. Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-4.
  • Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina area: 1-517. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (2000). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 14: 1-307. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 1-632. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Demissew, S. & Nordal, I. (2010). Aloes and other Lilies of Ethiopia and Eritrea, ed, 2: 1-351. Shama Books, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Ghazanfar, S. (1977). Flora of Pakistan 107: 1-5. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1985). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 3. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 1: 5-103.
  • Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (eds.) (1978). Flora of Libya 57: 1-81. Al-Faateh University, Tripoli.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Noltie, H.J. (1994). Flora of Bhutan 3(1): 1-456. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Rechinger, K.H., Browicz, K., Persson, K. & Wendelbo, P. (1990). Flora Iranica 165: 1-194. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Schäfer, H. (2021). Flora of the Azores a field guide: 1-445. Margraf Publishers GmbH.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Zhengyi, W. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2000). Flora of China 24: 1-431. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • A. de Candolle in A. & C. de Candolle, Monogr. 1, Smilaceae: 163 (1878).
  • Cowley in F.T.E.A., Smilacaceae: 2 (1989).
  • L., Sp. Pl.: 1028 (1753).

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Cowley, E.J. (1989). Smilacaceae. Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-4.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 1-632. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (1997). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 6: 1-586. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Ghazanfar, S. (1977). Flora of Pakistan 107: 1-5. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1985). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 3. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 1: 5-103.
  • Hara, H., Stearn, W.T. & Williams, H.J. (1978). An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 1: 1-154. Trustees of British Museum, London.
  • Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (eds.) (1978). Flora of Libya 57: 1-81. Al-Faateh University, Tripoli.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Maire, R. (1958). Flore de l'Afrique du Nord 5: 1-307. Paul Lechevalier, Paris.
  • Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Noltie, H.J. (1994). Flora of Bhutan 3(1): 1-456. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Rechinger, K.H., Browicz, K., Persson, K. & Wendelbo, P. (1990). Flora Iranica 165: 1-194. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Timberlake, J.R. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2009). Flora Zambesiaca 12(2): 1-208. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Zhengyi, W. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2000). Flora of China 24: 1-431. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • A. & C. DC., Monogr. Phan. 1:163 (1878).
  • L., Sp. Pl.: 1028 (1753).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Gouan [s.n.] France K002375053 No
Schimper, W. [s.n.] Algeria K002375084 No
Alexander, R.C. [s.n.] Croatia K001613253 No
Pinto, M. J. et al. [s.n. ] Portugal K001635897 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E.; Taylor, P. [10966] Tanzania K:SPC-24784.000 No
s.coll Spain K001613254 No
Bentham [s.n.] France K001613255 No
Wight, R. [5122] Indian Subcontinent K000820904 Unknown Type Material Yes
Hooker, J.D.; Thomson, T. [s.n.] India K000820905 Unknown Type Material Yes
Blinkworth, R. [5113] India K000820903 Unknown Type Material Yes
Bové, N. [s.n.] Algeria Smilax mauritanica K002375201 No
s.coll [s.n.] Spain Smilax mauritanica K001691407 No
Sep 14, 1905 Lowe, R.T. [670] Portugal Smilax pendulina K000432431 Unknown Type Material Yes
Lowe, R., T. [273] Portugal Smilax pendulina K000432430 Unknown Type Material Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images