Acanthaceae
Thunbergia

Thunbergia fragrans Roxb.

First published in Pl. Coromandel 1: 47 (1796)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Indian Subcontinent to S. China and Indo-China, Philippines. It is a climber and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome. It is has environmental uses and as a medicine.

Descriptions

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Morphology General Habit
Creeper.
Distribution
Cultivated and naturalised in Colombia.
Ecology
Alt. 8 - 1700 m.
[UPB]

Distribution
Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 8–1700 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Bolívar, Boyacá, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Quindío, San Andrés y Providencia, Santander, Valle del Cauca.
Habit
Climbing.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.
[UPFC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Cultivada y naturalizada en Colombia; Alt. 8 - 1700 m.; Andes.
Morphology General Habit
Trepadora
[CPLC]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Adhikari, B., Pendry, C.A., Watson, M.F. et al. 2013. Kew Bulletin 68: 651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-013-9481-x

Type
Type: Tab. 67 of Roxb., Pl. Coromandel 1: 47 (1796), lectotype selected by Wasshausen (2006: 137).
Morphology General Habit
Twining herb to 3 m
Morphology Stem
Stem angular, sulcate, glabrous or pubescent, hairs usually deflexed
Morphology Leaves
Leaves narrowly ovate, 4.5 – 11 × 2 – 3 (− 4.5) cm, base sagittate or hastate, rarely cordate, apex acute to acuminate, margin entire or remotely sinuate, palmately 3 – 5-veined, glabrous or more usually strigillose-pilose, especially on the veins; petioles 1 – 4 cm
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers solitary, arising from the leaf axils (very rarely paired); pedicels 3.4 – 8 cm, appressed-hairy; bracteoles green, oblong to ovate, 2 – 3 × 0.7 – 1.3 cm, apex acute, pubescent, ciliate on the margin
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx shortly and densely pubescent to subglabrous formed of a 12 – 17-toothed rim c. 2 mm high, the teeth 3 mm long, linear-subulate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla white or yellowish-white, sparsely hairy, tube narrowly cylindrical, often slightly contracted below lobes, 2.5 – 4 cm long, 2 – 5 mm wide, lobes obovate, 1.5 – 3 × 2 – 3 cm
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Filaments
Filaments unequal, shorter 5 – 7 mm, longer 10 – 12 mm, glabrous, anthers smooth, 4 – 5 mm, muticous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary glabrous, style 4 – 5 cm, stigma funnel-shaped
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule glabrous or pubescent, basal part 0.7 – 1.2 cm wide, beak 1.3 – 2 (− 2.5) cm long; seeds 3 – 5 mm wide, strongly rugose
Distribution
Peninsular India and Sri Lanka; Himalayas from Central Nepal (Map 2) east through Bhutan to Burma (Myanmar), China and SE Asia; widely cultivated throughout the tropics for its showy white flowers and sometimes reported as a weed.
Ecology
Twiner on forest margins and road sides, alt. 200 – 2000 m.
Conservation
Least Concern (LC). There are numerous records for this species from Nepal where its range extends to over 20,000 km2. It is also common over most of its extensive range.
Phenology
Flowering from July to November; fruiting July to December.
[KBu]

Uses

Use Environmental Unspecified Environmental Uses
Environmental uses (State of the World's Plants 2016).
Use Materials Unspecified Materials Chemicals
Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).
[UPB]

Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Materials
Used as material.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.
[UPFC]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    • ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Bulletin

    • Kew Bulletin
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0