Welcome to a wild place: this block in 1609! Through the tabs below, discover the wildlife, Native American use, and landscape factors of this block's original ecology, as reconstructed by the Mannahatta Project. You can also explore the block today and sponsor the Mannahatta Project into the future.

Find out what plants and animals might have lived in this block in September 1609. Click on the common name to see that species in the center of the Muir web; click on the scientific name to learn more about the ecology of the species.

• Mammals
• Birds
• Reptiles
• Amphibians
• Fish
• Plants

 

Common Name		Scientific Name		Probability
Virginia threeseed mercury		Acalypha virginica L.
red maple		Acer rubrum L.
American hornbeam		Carpinus caroliniana Walt.
starved panicgrass		Dichanthelium depauperatum (Muhl.)Gould
intermediate woodfern		Dryopteris intermedia (Muhl.exWilld.)Gray
prairie fleabane		Erigeron strigosus Muhl.exWilld.
white wood aster		Eurybia divaricata (L.)Nesom
Virginia creeper		Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.)Planch.
black cherry		Prunus serotina Ehrh.
Allegheny blackberry		Rubus allegheniensis Porter
roundleaf greenbrier		Smilax rotundifolia L.
blackhaw		Viburnum prunifolium L.
marsh blue violet		Viola cucullata Ait.
winter squash (pumpkin)		Cucurbita maxima Duchesne
summer squash (field pumpkin)		Cucurbita pepo L.
sweetgum		Liquidambar styraciflua L.
western brackenfern		Pteridium aquilinum (L.)Kuhn
white vervain		Verbena urticifolia L.
red chokeberry		Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers.
American chestnut		Castanea dentata (Marsh.)Borkh.
cinnamon fern		Osmunda cinnamomea L.
northern red oak		Quercus rubra L.
flameleaf sumac		Rhus copallinum L.
smooth cordgrass		Spartina alterniflora Loisel.
saltmeadow cordgrass		Spartina patens (Ait.)Muhl.
mapleleaf viburnum		Viburnum acerifolium L.
maize (corn)		Zea mays L.
nimblewill		Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F.Gmel.
sweetflag		Acorus americanus (Raf.)Raf.
slenderleaf false foxglove		Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl)Raf.
northern water plantain		Alisma triviale Pursh
Canadian anemone		Anemone canadensis L.
tall thimbleweed		Anemone virginiana L.
woman's tobacco		Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.)Richards.
smooth rockcress		Arabis laevigata (Muhl.exWilld.)Poir.
wild sarsaparilla		Aralia nudicaulis L.
Jack in the pulpit		Arisaema triphyllum (L.)Schott
common milkweed		Asclepias syriaca L.
butterfly milkweed		Asclepias tuberosa L.
common ladyfern		Athyrium filix-femina (L.)Roth
spear saltbush		Atriplex patula L.
smooth yellow false foxglove		Aureolaria flava (L.)Farw.
devil's beggartick		Bidens frondosa L.
parasol sedge		Carex umbellata SchkuhrexWilld.
fox sedge		Carex vulpinoidea Michx.
pignut hickory		Carya glabra (P.Mill.)Sweet
American bittersweet		Celastrus scandens L.
sanddune sandbur		Cenchrus tribuloides L.
common buttonbush		Cephalanthus occidentalis L.
white turtlehead		Chelone glabra L.
striped prince's pine		Chimaphila maculata (L.)Pursh
pasture thistle		Cirsium pumilum (Nutt.)Spreng.
Canadian horseweed		Conyza canadensis (L.)Cronq.
scaldweed		Cuscuta gronovii Willd.exJ.A.Schultes
strawcolored flatsedge		Cyperus strigosus L.
eastern hayscented fern		Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.)T.Moore
nakedflower ticktrefoil		Desmodium nudiflorum (L.)DC.
prostrate ticktrefoil		Desmodium rotundifolium DC.
marginal woodfern		Dryopteris marginalis (L.)Gray
American burnweed		Erechtites hieraciifolius (L.) Raf. ex DC.
trumpetweed		Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt
red fescue		Festuca rubra L.
Virginia strawberry		Fragaria virginiana Duchesne
rough bedstraw		Galium asprellum Michx.
licorice bedstraw		Galium circaezans Michx.
fragrant bedstraw		Galium triflorum Michx.
black huckleberry		Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.)K.Koch
spotted geranium		Geranium maculatum L.
cream avens		Geum virginianum L.
American witchhazel		Hamamelis virginiana L.
rough hawkweed		Hieracium scabrum Michx.
spotted St. Johnswort		Hypericum punctatum Lam.
harlequin blueflag		Iris versicolor L.
Jesuit's bark		Iva frutescens L.
eastern redcedar		Juniperus virginiana L.
mountain laurel		Kalmia latifolia L.
Canada lettuce		Lactuca canadensis L.
trailing lespedeza		Lespedeza procumbens Michx.
Carolina sealavender		Limonium carolinianum (Walt.)Britt.
woodland flax		Linum virginianum L.
cardinalflower		Lobelia cardinalis L.
Indian-tobacco		Lobelia inflata L.
trumpet honeysuckle		Lonicera sempervirens L.
marsh seedbox		Ludwigia palustris (L.)Ell.
lowland yellow loosestrife		Lysimachia hybrida Michx.
feathery false lily of the vally		Maianthemum racemosum (L.)Link
Allegheny monkeyflower		Mimulus ringens L.
partridgeberry		Mitchella repens L.
rock muhly		Muhlenbergia sobolifera (Muhl.exWilld.)Trin.
American white waterlily		Nymphaea odorata Ait.ssp.odorata
blackgum		Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.
common evening-primrose		Oenothera biennis L.
devil's-tongue		Opuntia humifusa (Raf.)Raf.
oneflowered broomrape		Orobanche uniflora L.
golden ragwort		Packera aurea (L.)A.&D.Löve
switchgrass		Panicum virgatum L.
broad beechfern		Phegopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.)Fée
common reed		Phragmites australis (Cav.)Trin.exSteud.
American lopseed		Phryma leptostachya L.
clammy groundcherry		Physalis heterophylla Nees
pitch pine		Pinus rigida P.Mill.
goose tongue		Plantago maritima L.
American sycamore		Platanus occidentalis L.
dotted smartweed		Polygonum punctatum Ell.
climbing false buckwheat		Polygonum scandens L.
Christmas fern		Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.)Schott
Norwegian cinquefoil		Potentilla norvegica L.
black oak		Quercus velutina Lam.
cursed buttercup		Ranunculus sceleratus L.
Carolina rose		Rosa carolina L.
swamp rose		Rosa palustris Marsh.
bristly dewberry		Rubus hispidus L.
Pennsylvania blackberry		Rubus pensilvanicus Poir.
greater water dock		Rumex orbiculatus Gray
broadleaf arrowhead		Sagittaria latifolia Willd.
chickenclaws		Sarcocornia perennis (P.Mill.)A.J.Scott
early saxifrage		Saxifraga virginiensis Michx.
chairmaker's bulrush		Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.)Volk.exSchinz&R.Keller
meadow spikemoss		Selaginella apoda (L.)Spring
Pennsylvania catchfly		Silene caroliniana Walt.ssp.pensylvanica(Michx.)Clausen
wreath goldenrod		Solidago caesia L.
gray goldenrod		Solidago nemoralis Ait.
seaside goldenrod		Solidago sempervirens L.
branched bur-reed		Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.)Morong
swamp wedgescale		Sphenopholis pensylvanica (L.)A.S.Hitchc.
Skunk Cabbage		Symplocarpus foetidus
Canada germander		Teucrium canadense L.
king of the meadow		Thalictrum pubescens Pursh
New York fern		Thelypteris noveboracensis (L.)Nieuwl.
Virginia marsh St. Johnswort		Triadenum virginicum (L.)Raf.
purpletop tridens		Tridens flavus (L.)A.S.Hitchc.
clasping Venus' looking-glass		Triodanis perfoliata (L.)Nieuwl.
highbush blueberry		Vaccinium corymbosum L.
New York ironweed		Vernonia noveboracensis (L.)Michx.
bog white violet		Viola lanceolata L.
early blue violet		Viola palmata L.
arrowleaf violet		Viola sagittata Ait.
fox grape		Vitis labrusca L.
butternut		Juglans cinerea L.
hairy lespedeza		Lespedeza hirta (L.)Hornem.
arrowleaf tearthumb		Polygonum sagittatum L.
annual ragweed		Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.
densetuft hairsedge		Bulbostylis capillaris (L.)KunthexC.B.Clarke
flat-top goldentop		Euthamia graminifolia (L.)Nutt.
roundlobe hepatica		Hepatica nobilis Schreb.var.obtusa(Pursh)Steyermark
slender threeseed mercury		Acalypha gracilens Gray
white baneberry		Actaea pachypoda Ell.
lyrate rockcress		Arabis lyrata L.
smallspike false nettle		Boehmeria cylindrica (L.)Sw.
common hackberry		Celtis occidentalis L.
alternateleaf dogwood		Cornus alternifolia L.f.
silky dogwood		Cornus amomum P.Mill.
fragrant flatsedge		Cyperus odoratus L.
whitegrass		Leersia virginica Willd.
Tuliptree		Liriodendron Tulipifera
witchgrass		Panicum capillare L.
dwarf cinquefoil		Potentilla canadensis L.
common cinquefoil		Potentilla simplex Michx.
Virginia mountainmint		Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.)T.Dur.&B.D.JacksonexB.L.Robins.&Fern.
smooth blackberry		Rubus canadensis L.
little bluestem		Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.)Nash
meadow garlic		Allium canadense L.
northern water-starwort		Callitriche hermaphroditica L.
quaking aspen		Populus tremuloides Michx.
chestnut oak		Quercus montana Willd.
anisescented goldenrod		Solidago odora Ait.
forked bluecurls		Trichostema dichotomum L.
slimspike threeawn		Aristida longispica Poir.
marsh mermaidweed		Proserpinaca palustris L.
Indianhemp		Apocynum cannabinum L.
yellow thistle		Cirsium horridulum Michx.
common boneset		Eupatorium perfoliatum L.
Allegheny hawkweed		Hieracium paniculatum L.
flaxleaf whitetop aster		Ionactis linariifolius (L.)Greene
Pennsylvania smartweed		Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M. Gómez
whorled milkwort		Polygala verticillata L.
whip-poor-will flower		Trillium cernuum L.
spotted water hemlock		Cicuta maculata L.
devil's darning needles		Clematis virginiana L.
common rush		Juncus effusus L.
common yellow oxalis		Oxalis stricta L.
halberdleaf tearthumb		Polygonum arifolium L.
swamp verbena		Verbena hastata L.
bigleaf aster		Eurybia macrophylla (L.)Cass.
black bugbane		Actaea racemosa L.
saltmarsh false foxglove		Agalinis maritima (Raf.)Raf.
winter bentgrass		Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.)B.S.P.
upland bentgrass		Agrostis perennans (Walt.)Tuckerman
speckled alder		Alnus incana (L.)Moenchssp.rugosa(DuRoi)Clausen
hazel alder		Alnus serrulata (Ait.)Willd.
Canadian serviceberry		Amelanchier canadensis (L.)Medik.
black chokeberry		Aronia melanocarpa
purple milkweed		Asclepias purpurascens L.
ebony spleenwort		Asplenium platyneuron (L.)B.S.P.
eastern baccharis		Baccharis halimifolia L.
oval-leaf sedge		Carex cephalophora Muhl.exWilld.
Pennsylvania sedge		Carex pensylvanica Lam.
mockernut hickory		Carya tomentosa
eyebane		Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.)Small
pipsissewa		Chimaphila umbellata (L.)W.Bart.
American hazelnut		Corylus americana Walt.
moccasin flower		Cypripedium acaule Ait.
Dillenius' ticktrefoil		Desmodium glabellum (Michx.)DC.
smooth small-leaf ticktrefoil		Desmodium marilandicum (L.)DC.
panicledleaf ticktrefoil		Desmodium paniculatum (L.)DC.
inland saltgrass		Distichlis spicata (L.)Greene
elliptic spikerush		Eleocharis elliptica Kunth
dwarf spikerush		Eleocharis parvula (Roemer&J.A.Schultes)LinkexBluff,Nees&Schauer
purpleleaf willowherb		Epilobium coloratum Biehler
field horsetail		Equisetum arvense L.
roundleaf thoroughwort		Eupatorium rotundifolium L.
crimsoneyed rosemallow		Hibiscus moscheutos L.
rattlesnakeweed		Hieracium venosum L.
saltmeadow rush		Juncus gerardii Loisel.
poverty rush		Juncus tenuis Willd.
hairy pinweed		Lechea mucronata Raf.
violet lespedeza		Lespedeza violacea (L.)Pers.
great blue lobelia		Lobelia siphilitica L.
American water horehound		Lycopus americanus Muhl.exW.Bart.
maleberry		Lyonia ligustrina (L.)DC.
northern bayberry		Morella pensylvanica (Mirbel) Kartesz
northern evening-primrose		Oenothera parviflora L.
interrupted fern		Osmunda claytoniana L.
Canadian lousewort		Pedicularis canadensis L.
jumpseed		Polygonum virginianum L.
narrowleaf mountainmint		Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad.
American wintergreen		Pyrola americana Sweet
white oak		Quercus alba L.
scarlet oak		Quercus coccinea Muenchh.
littleleaf buttercup		Ranunculus abortivus L.
blisterwort		Ranunculus recurvatus Poir.
swamp azalea		Rhododendron viscosum (L.)Torr.
black raspberry		Rubus occidentalis L.
pussy willow		Salix discolor Muhl.
black willow		Salix nigra Marsh.
toothed whitetop aster		Sericocarpus asteroides (L.)B.S.P.
white goldenrod		Solidago bicolor L.
Canada goldenrod		Solidago canadensis L.
starflower		Trientalis borealis Raf.
seaside arrowgrass		Triglochin maritimum L.
Blue Ridge blueberry		Vaccinium pallidum Ait.
green false hellebore		Veratrum viride Ait.
summer grape		Vitis aestivalis Michx.
groundcedar		Lycopodium complanatum L.
Virginia water horehound		Lycopus virginicus L.
spring forget-me-not		Myosotis verna Nutt.
waxflower shinleaf		Pyrola elliptica Nutt.
widowsfrill		Silene stellata (L.)Ait.f.
seawrack		Zostera marina L.
swamp milkweed		Asclepias incarnata L.
New Jersey tea		Ceanothus americanus L.
American golden saxifrage		Chrysosplenium americanum Schwein.exHook.
poverty oatgrass		Danthonia spicata (L.)Beauv.exRoemer&J.A.Schultes
common goldstar		Hypoxis hirsuta (L.)Coville
jewelweed		Impatiens capensis Meerb.
roundhead lespedeza		Lespedeza capitata Michx.
eastern cottonwood		Populus deltoides Bartr.exMarsh.
prairie wedgescale		Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.)Scribn.
eastern poison ivy		Toxicodendron radicans (L.)Kuntze
ditch stonecrop		Penthorum sedoides L.
seaside sandmat		Chamaesyce polygonifolia (L.)Small
coastal sweetpepperbush		Clethra alnifolia L.
stiff dogwood		Cornus foemina P.Mill.
gray dogwood		Cornus racemosa Lam.
Virginia rose		Rosa virginiana P.Mill.
common elderberry		Sambucus nigra L.ssp.canadensis(L.)R.Bolli
lizard's tail		Saururus cernuus L.
pale false mannagrass		Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.)Church
purple sandgrass		Triplasis purpurea (Walt.)Chapman
broadleaf cattail		Typha latifolia L.
riverbank grape		Vitis riparia Michx.
groundnut		Apios americana Medik.
showy ticktrefoil		Desmodium canadense (L.)DC.
dogtooth violet		Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl.
tall blue lettuce		Lactuca biennis (Moench)Fern.
northern spicebush		Lindera benzoin (L.)Blume
common serviceberry		Amelanchier arborea (Michx.f.)Fern.
sand bittercress		Cardamine parviflora L.
common duckweed		Lemna minor L.
Canada mayflower		Maianthemum canadense Desf.
violet woodsorrel		Oxalis violacea L.
downy yellow violet		Viola pubescens Ait.
northern maidenhair		Adiantum pedatum L.
white colicroot		Aletris farinosa L.
Virginia springbeauty		Claytonia virginica L.
common blue violet		Viola sororia Willd.
early meadow-rue		Thalictrum dioicum L.
rue anemone		Thalictrum thalictroides (L.)Eames&Boivin
boxelder		Acer negundo L.
silver maple		Acer saccharinum L.
smallflower false foxglove		Agalinis paupercula (Gray)Britt.
Allegheny serviceberry		Amelanchier laevis Wiegand
western pearly everlasting		Anaphalis margaritacea (L.)Benth.
field pussytoes		Antennaria neglecta Greene
spreading dogbane		Apocynum androsaemifolium L.
sicklepod		Arabis canadensis L.
tower rockcress		Arabis glabra (L.)Bernh.
walking fern		Asplenium rhizophyllum L.
maidenhair spleenwort		Asplenium trichomanes L.
downy yellow false foxglove		Aureolaria virginica (L.)Pennell
gray birch		Betula nigra L.
tuberous grasspink		Calopogon tuberosus (L.)B.S.P.
bulbous bittercress		Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb.exMuhl.)B.S.P.
Hitchcock's sedge		Carex hitchcockiana Dewey
Muhlenberg's sedge		Carex muehlenbergii SchkuhrexWilld.
bitternut hickory		Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.)K.Koch
mat sandbur		Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.)Fern.
partridge pea		Chamaecrista nictitans (L.)Moench
sweet fern		Comptonia peregrina (L.)Coult.
roundleaf dogwood		Cornus rugosa Lam.
cockspur hawthorn		Crataegus crus-galli L.
Great Plains flatsedge		Cyperus lupulinus (Spreng.)Marcks ssp.lupulinus
bulblet bladderfern		Cystopteris bulbifera (L.)Bernh.
northern bush honeysuckle		Diervilla lonicera P.Mill.
common persimmon		Diospyros virginiana L.
bald spikerush		Eleocharis erythropoda Steud.
eastern bottlebrush grass		Elymus hystrix L.
marsh willowherb		Epilobium palustre L.
Philadelphia fleabane		Erigeron philadelphicus L.
hyssopleaf thoroughwort		Eupatorium hyssopifolium L.
hairy umbrella-sedge		Fuirena squarrosa Michx.
thinleaf sunflower		Helianthus decapetalus L.
woodland sunflower		Helianthus divaricatus L.
queendevil		Hieracium gronovii L.
lesser Canadian St. Johnswort		Hypericum canadense L.
black walnut		Juglans nigra L.
tapertip rush		Juncus acuminatus Michx.
jointleaf rush		Juncus articulatus L.
grassleaf rush		Juncus marginatus Rostk.
Illinois pinweed		Lechea racemulosa Michx.
eastern grasswort		Lilaeopsis chinensis (L.)Kuntze
yellow widelip orchid		Liparis loeselii (L.)L.C.Rich.
fan clubmoss		Lycopodium digitatum Dill. ex A. Braun
sweet crabapple		Malus coronaria (L.)P.Mill.
red mulberry		Morus rubra L.
goldenclub		Orontium aquaticum L.
hophornbeam		Ostrya virginiana (P.Mill.)K.Koch
warty panicgrass		Panicum verrucosum Muhl.
Pennsylvania pellitory		Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl.exWilld.
fen grass of Parnassus		Parnassia glauca Raf.
Virginia groundcherry		Physalis virginiana P.Mill.
American pokeweed		Phytolacca americana L.
eastern white pine		Pinus strobus L.
heartleaf plantain		Plantago cordata Lam.
palegreen orchid		Platanthera flava (L.)Lindl.
purple milkwort		Polygala sanguinea L.
erect knotweed		Polygonum erectum L.
tall rattlesnakeroot		Prenanthes altissima L.
basil mountainmint		Pycnanthemum clinopodioides Torr.&Gray
greater creeping spearwort		Ranunculus flammula L.
Pennsylvania buttercup		Ranunculus pensylvanicus L.f.
American black currant		Ribes americanum P.Mill.
marsh rose gentian		Sabatia dodecandra (L.)B.S.P.
grassy arrowhead		Sagittaria graminea Michx.
Missouri River willow		Salix eriocephala Michx.
silky willow		Salix sericea Marsh.
woodland bulrush		Scirpus expansus Fern.
narrowleaf whitetop aster		Sericocarpus linifolius (L.)B.S.P.
oneseed burr cucumber		Sicyos angulatus L.
narrowleaf blue-eyed grass		Sisyrinchium angustifolium P.Mill.
zigzag goldenrod		Solidago flexicaulis L.
northern slender ladies'-tresses		Spiranthes lacera (Raf.)Raf.var.gracilis(Bigelow)Luer
composite dropseed		Sporobolus compositus (Poir.)Merr.
white panicle aster		Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.)Nesomssp.lanceolatumvar.lanceolatum
Lowrie's blue wood aster		Symphyotrichum lowrieanum (Porter)Nesom
lowbush blueberry		Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.
narrowleaf vervain		Verbena simplex Lehm.
birdfoot violet		Viola pedata L.
sixweeks fescue		Vulpia octoflora (Walt.)Rydb.
red columbine		Aquilegia canadensis L.
American spikenard		Aralia racemosa L.
purplestem beggarticks		Bidens connata Muhl.exWilld.
bristleleaf sedge		Carex eburnea Boott
American squawroot		Conopholis americana (L.)Wallr.f.
rock harlequin		Corydalis sempervirens (L.)Pers.
globe flatsedge		Cyperus echinatus (L.)Wood
dutchman's breeches		Dicentra cucullaria (L.)Bernh.
deertongue		Dichanthelium clandestinum (L.)Gould
sweetscented joepyeweed		Eupatorium purpureum L.
lanceleaf wild licorice		Galium lanceolatum Torr.
greater fringed gentian		Gentianopsis crinita (Froel.)Ma
marsh pea		Lathyrus palustris L.
northern bugleweed		Lycopus uniflorus Michx.
pinesap		Monotropa hypopithys L.
royal fern		Osmunda regalis L.
American ginseng		Panax quinquefolius L.
thin paspalum		Paspalum setaceum Michx.
purple cliffbrake		Pellaea atropurpurea (L.)Link
long beechfern		Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.)Watt
swamp white oak		Quercus bicolor Willd.
showy goldenrod		Solidago speciosa Nutt.
New England aster		Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.)Nesom
southern arrowwood		Viburnum dentatum L.
rusty woodsia		Woodsia ilvensis (L.)R.Br.
great ragweed		Ambrosia trifida L.
paper birch		Betula papyrifera Marsh.
Spanish needles		Bidens bipinnata L.
hairy woodland brome		Bromus pubescens Muhl.exWilld.
sleepingplant		Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.)Greene
swamp thistle		Cirsium muticum Michx.
whitemouth dayflower		Commelina erecta L.
silver false spleenwort		Deparia acrostichoides (Sw.)M.Kato
beaked spikerush		Eleocharis rostellata (Torr.)Torr.
American beech		Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.
white ash		Fraxinus americana L.
giant sunflower		Helianthus giganteus L.
Canadian woodnettle		Laportea canadensis (L.)Weddell
turk's-cap lily		Lilium superbum L.
whorled yellow loosestrife		Lysimachia quadrifolia L.
yellow fringed orchid		Platanthera ciliaris (L.)Lindl.
low spearwort		Ranunculus pusillus Poir.
brownish beaksedge		Rhynchospora capitellata (Michx.)Vahl
prairie willow		Salix humilis Marsh.
eastern swamp saxifrage		Saxifraga pensylvanica L.
softstem bulrush		Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C.Gmel.)Palla
roundleaf goldenrod		Solidago patula Muhl.exWilld.
steeplebush		Spiraea tomentosa L.
bashful bulrush		Trichophorum planifolium (Spreng.)Palla
American elm		Ulmus americana L.
nightcaps		Anemone quinquefolia L.
sweet birch		Betula lenta L.
nodding beggartick		Bidens cernua L.
low false bindweed		Calystegia spithamaea (L.)Pursh
Emmons' sedge		Carex albicans Willd.exSpreng.var.emmonsii(DeweyexTorr.)J.Rettig
hop sedge		Carex lupulina Muhl.exWilld.
broadleaf sedge		Carex platyphylla Carey
Schweinitz's sedge		Carex schweinitzii DeweyexSchwein.
squarrose sedge		Carex squarrosa L.
spotted sandmat		Chamaesyce maculata (L.)Small
enchanter's nightshade		Circaea lutetiana
stiff dogwood		Cornus florida L.
redosier dogwood		Cornus sericea L.
blue waxweed		Cuphea viscosissima Jacq.
lesser yellow lady's slipper		Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb.
flattened oatgrass		Danthonia compressa AustinexPeck
wavy hairgrass		Deschampsia flexuosa (L.)Trin.
hoary ticktrefoil		Desmodium canescens (L.)DC.
smooth ticktrefoil		Desmodium laevigatum (Nutt.)DC.
Nuttall's ticktrefoil		Desmodium nuttallii (Schindl.)Schub.
crested woodfern		Dryopteris cristata (L.)Gray
bog willowherb		Epilobium leptophyllum Raf.
teal lovegrass		Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.)B.S.P.
black ash		Fraxinus nigra Marsh.
downy rattlesnake plantain		Goodyera pubescens (Willd.)R.Br.exAit.f.
yellow pond-lily		Nuphar lutea (L.)Sm.
stiff goldenrod		Oligoneuron rigidum (L.)Smallvar.rigidum
northern adderstongue		Ophioglossum pusillum Raf.
sweetscent		Pluchea odorata (L.)Cass.
procession flower		Polygala incarnata L.
King Solomon's-seal		Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) Elliot
bushy knotweed		Polygonum ramosissimum Michx.
rabbittobacco		Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L.)Hilliard&Burtt
Torrey's mountainmint		Pycnanthemum torrei Benth.
Virginia glasswort		Salicornia depressa
lyreleaf sage		Salvia lyrata L.
big cordgrass		Spartina cynosuroides (L.)Roth
shiny wedgescale		Sphenopholis nitida (Biehler)Scribn.
smooth white oldfield aster		Symphyotrichum racemosum (Ell.)Nesom
poison sumac		Toxicodendron vernix (L.)Kuntze
feverwort		Triosteum perfoliatum L.
Culver's root		Veronicastrum virginicum (L.)Farw.
purple false foxglove		Agalinis purpurea (L.)Pennell
candle anemone		Anemone cylindrica Gray
rattlesnake fern		Botrychium virginianum (L.)Sw.
Canada wildrye		Elymus canadensis L.
swamp doghobble		Eubotrys racemosa (L.) Nutt.
Torrey's rush		Juncus torreyi Coville
devil's bite		Liatris scariosa (L.)Willd.
rare clubmoss		Lycopodium obscurum L.
fringed loosestrife		Lysimachia ciliata L.
dwarf ginseng		Panax trifolius L.
thicket bean		Phaseolus polystachios (L.)B.S.P.
green fringed orchid		Platanthera lacera (Michx.)G.Don
rosepink		Sabatia angularis (L.)Pursh
blue skullcap		Scutellaria lateriflora L.
white heath aster		Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.)Nesomvar.ericoides
eastern marsh fern		Thelypteris palustris Schott
sessileleaf bellwort		Uvularia sessilifolia L.
tall hairy agrimony		Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr.
whorled milkweed		Asclepias verticillata L.
yellow screwstem		Bartonia virginica (L.)B.S.P.
river bulrush		Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torr.) Soják
red hickory		Carya ovalis (Wangenh.)Sarg.
summer coralroot		Corallorrhiza maculata (Raf.)Raf.
autumn coralroot		Corallorrhiza odontorhiza (Willd.)Poir.
scarlet hawthorn		Crataegus pedicellata Sarg.
stiff ticktrefoil		Desmodium obtusum (Muhl.exWilld.)DC.
spinulose woodfern		Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.)H.P.Fuchs
Virginia wildrye		Elymus virginicus L.
scouringrush horsetail		Equisetum hyemale L.
lace grass		Eragrostis capillaris (L.)Nees
showy orchid		Galearis spectabilis (L.)Raf.
creeping mannagrass		Glyceria acutiflora Torr.
knotted rush		Juncus nodosus L.
piedmont staggerbush		Lyonia mariana (L.)D.Don
sharpwing monkeyflower		Mimulus alatus Ait.
clustered mille graines		Oldenlandia uniflora L.
sensitive fern		Onoclea sensibilis L.
water knotweed		Polygonum amphibium L.
rock polypody		Polypodium virginianum L.