Systematic Botany (2009), 34(2): pp. 285–296 © Copyright 2009 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists Synopsis of the Genus Chamaeangis (Orchidaceae), Including Two New Taxa Vincent Droissart,1,5 Bonaventure Sonké,1,2 Charlemagne Nguembou K.,1,2 Marie-Noël Djuikouo K.,2 Ingrid Parmentier,1 and Tariq Stévart1,3,4 1 Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et de Phytosociologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Av. F. Roosevelt, CP 169, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique 2 Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et d’Ecologie, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Yaoundé, Université de Yaoundé I, B.P. 047, Yaoundé, Cameroun 3 Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa & Madagascar Department, P.O. Box 299, 63166–0299, St Louis, Missouri, U. S. A. 4 National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, Nieuwelaan 38, B-1860 Meise, Belgium 5 Author for correspondence (vincent.droissart@ulb.ac.be) Communicating Editor: Kenneth M. Cameron Abstract—A synopsis of Chamaeangis (Orchidaceae) with a taxonomic key to the genus is provided. Twelve taxa are recognized. Detailed examination of the specimens revealed two novelties: Chamaeangis spiralis from Nigeria and Cameroon, and Chamaeangis lecomtei var. tenuicalcar, a new variety from Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Gabon. Chamaeangis pauciflora is shown to be synonymous with Chamaeangis letouzeyi, which is here redescribed in detail. Chamaeangis thomensis is neotypified, and Chamaeangis lecomtei var. lecomtei is lectotypified. Chamaeangis gracilis is treated as an excluded species. Several new country records of Chamaeangis are provided. Keywords—Chamaeangis, lectotypification, neotypification, new taxa, Orchidaceae, Tropical Africa, Vandeae. Chamaeangis Schltr. was validly described in October 1915 (Schlechter 1915b). Three years later, it was divided into two sections, “Eu-Chamaeangis”, a superfluous name, and Microterangis (Schlechter 1918). Members of the typical section were characterized by two stipes and occur mainly in tropical Africa, whereas section Microterangis comprised species characterized by only one stipe and occur only in Madagascar and in the Comoro Islands. More recently, the two sections were elevated to the generic rank by Senghas (1985). According to the World Checklist of Orchidaceae (Govaerts et al. 2007), Chamaeangis includes 11 taxa known from continental tropical Africa and one species from La Réunion, although the latter, Chamaeangis gracilis (Thouars) Schltr., is probably best placed in Angraecum Bory (Droissart et al. unpubl. results). Species of Chamaeangis are generally characterized by coriaceous or thickened leaves, small, yellow, green or orange flowers that are sometimes geminated or whorled, a spurred lip that is usually lengthened and often inflated at the apex, a very short massive column, with a reasonably distinct rostellum, and the presence of two stipes. Members of the genus are usually epiphytic, occasionally epilithic. The present paper is part of a larger research project on the taxonomy and biogeography of the orchid flora of West Central Africa (Stévart 2003; Droissart 2009). Since 1997, fieldwork has been carried out in São Tomé and Príncipe, Cameroon, Gabon, and Equatorial Guinea. Nine shadehouses constructed in these countries have been used to cultivate more than 8,000 orchid specimens, many of which were collected sterile in the field and then grown until flowers were produced. This important collection and cultivation effort has increased the number of orchid species known from these countries and has led to a better understanding of the biogeography of orchids in the study area (Parmentier et al. 2005; Droissart et al. 2006; Stévart and Droissart 2006; Droissart et al. 2009; Simo et al. in press). Examination of this material has also led to the publication of several taxonomic novelties (Stévart and Geerinck 2000; Stévart et al. 2003; Stévart and Cribb 2004a; Stévart and Cribb 2004b; Stévart and Nguema 2004; Stévart et al. 2006; Stévart et al. 2007; Droissart et al. in press) among which are two interesting Chamaeangis taxa. Before our work was initiated, five species of Chamaeangis were known from Cameroon (Govaerts et al. 2007), and an unnamed sixth species was partially described in the Flora of Cameroon (Szlachetko and Olszewski 2001), and had previously been incompletely described in Segerbäck (1983) based on material from Nigeria. In 2004, during a survey of Orchidaceae in Banyang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary near Nguti in west Cameroon, a specimen was collected that clearly matched this sixth species, and another specimen was found in 2007 near Bifa in south Cameroon. These specimens possess a unique combination of characters found in no other members of Chamaeangis. We therefore describe it as a new species: Chamaeangis spiralis. In 2002, a taxon closely allied to Chamaeangis lecomtei (Finet) Schltr. was collected in J. P. Biteau’s garden in Libreville. Further examination of specimens from K, LBV, and P allow us to confirm this novelty and extend its distribution range to Ivory Coast and Ghana. A new variety of Chamaeangis lecomtei (Finet) Schltr. is thus described and included in this revision. Exclusion of the species from La Réunion means that the genus Chamaeangis s. s. is now restricted to continental Africa. Examination of the material preserved in several large herbaria together with the new material from recent fieldwork have allowed us to solve several taxonomic problems within the genus and to find new country records. We thus present here a synopsis of the entire genus Chamaeangis. Materials and Methods This study is mainly based on the examination of specimens recently collected by the last author and deposited at the BRLU herbarium (acronyms according to Holmgren and Holmgren 1998), most of the specimens being preserved in spirit. Additional specimens from BM, BR, BRLU, K, LBV, WAG, and YA were examined. Dried material was boiled in water to facilitate stereomicroscopic observation. Photographs of Chamaeangis flowers were taken with a Canon EOS 300D camera mounted on a Zeiss stereomicroscope Stemi SV11. Pictures of the same flower taken at different focal lengths were assembled with CombineZ 5.3 (Program by Alan Hadley, http:/www.hadleyweb.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk). Maps of species distributions and richness (Fig. 1) were prepared with Arcview 3.3® using the extensions “Mila Utilities 3.2” and “Count Points 285 286 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 34 Fig. 1. Distribution and species richness of Chamaeangis in tropical Africa. The number of taxa in 2.5° × 2.5° quadrats is given by the upper figure. Distribution of each Chamaeangis taxon is given below. 2009] DROISSART ET AL.: SYNOPSIS OF CHAMAEANGIS in Polygon” to calculate species richness per quadrat. Distribution was based on the World Checklist of Orchidaceae (Govaerts et al. 2007). The distribution of each species was checked and in some cases improved by specimen’s examination. Taxonomic Treatment Chamaeangis Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 597. 1915.—TYPE: Chamaeangis sarcophylla Schltr. The first mention of Chamaeangis was made in August 1915 by Schlechter (1915a), who listed five new combinations for this genus. However, these were illegitimate because the generic name was not validly published. Two months later, in October 1915, Schlechter (1915b) validly described Chamaeangis sarcophylla and made two new combinations. According to article 42.1 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (McNeill et al. 2006), both the generic name and the species name were simultaneously validated by the single description and diagnosis of C. sarcophylla. A more thorough description of the genus was published three years later (Schlechter 1918) and two sections were recognized: the typical section and Microterangis. These two sections are now recognized as distinct genera: Chamaeangis and Microterangis (Senghas 1985). Chamaeangis differs from Microterangis by its two distinct stipes. Summerhayes (1952), in the protologue of C. orientalis (a synonym of C. sarcophylla), observed that the two stipes adhere to each other throughout their length, but that the limit between the two structures can be seen in spirit material. We also observed joined stipes in all spirit material 287 examined, but when the specimen dries, the two stipes separate. Recent molecular data indicate that flower resemblance between Chamaeangis and Microterangis is due to convergence (Carlsward et al. 2006a; Carlsward et al. 2006b) and that these genera are not closely related. Chamaeangis is close to Diaphananthe and Microterangis forms a monophyletic group with Aerangis. The genus Chamaeangis is mainly distributed in the rain forests of the Guineo-Congolian Region (phytochoria according to Werger 1976; White 1976, 1979). However, C. odoratissima, C. vesicata, and C. sarcophylla occur also in the Congolia/ Zambezia Transition Zone, the Lake Victoria Regional Mosaic, and the Somalia-Masai Region. The Lower Guinea Domain is probably the centre of diversity of the genus as three of the six Chamaeangis species present in this region are endemic to it (Fig. 1). The Upper Guinea Domain of the Guineo-Congolian Region also contains six species, but none of these are endemic to the Domain. Chamaeangis species are usually separated into two groups: those with one flower at each node of the inflorescence (e.g. C. lecomtei) and those with two or more flowers per node. The genus can also be divided according to vegetative morphology: plants with linear and fleshy leaves with incurved edges producing a concave upper surface (i.e. C. vesicata, C. lanceolata, C. gabonensis, and C. letouzeyi); large plants with a long stem and rather large leaves (i.e. C. vagans, C. thomensis, C. sarcophylla, C. ichneumonea, and C. odoratissima) and small plants with more imbricate, nonfleshy leaves (i.e. C. lecomtei and C. spiralis). Key to the Species of CHAMAEANGIS 1. Flowers solitary at each node of the inflorescence ........................................................................................................................................................................ 2 2. Lip entire, 3-toothed at the apex ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Lip 2.2 × 1.8 mm; swollen part of the spur ellipsoid, 1 mm wide ............................................................................................................... 1. C. vagans 3. Lip 3.5 × 2.2 mm; swollen part of the spur globular, 2.5 mm wide ................................................................................................... 2. C. ichneumonea 2. Lip entire or slightly 3-lobed in the middle, never 3-toothed at the apex .......................................................................................................................... 4 4. Spur up to 7 mm long .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 5. Lip slightly 3-lobed in the middle, 1.9–2.2 mm long; spur 3.7–4.2 mm long, swollen part of the spur globular ......................... 3. C. spiralis 5. Lip entire, more than 2.5 mm long; spur 4.5–7 mm long, swollen part of the spur ellipsoidal ......................................................................... 6 6. Lateral sepals carinate, 3 × 1.2 mm, apex acute; lip 2.5 × 2 mm, apex acute ........................................................................... 4. C. thomensis 6. Lateral sepals not carinate, 4.5 × 2 mm, apex acuminate; lip 3.5 × 2 mm, apex acuminate .................................................... 5. C. letouzeyi 4. Spur more than 9 mm .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 7. Lip more than 2.2 mm long; lateral sepals more than 3 mm long ............................................................................................. 6. C. lanceolata 7. Lip up to 1.2 mm long; lateral sepals 2 mm long ............................................................................................................................................... 8 8. Swollen part of the spur globular, 2.1 mm wide ................................................................................................ 7. C. lecomtei var. lecomtei 8. Swollen part of the spur ovoid, 1.2 mm wide ................................................................................................... C. lecomtei var. tenuicalcar 1. Flowers geminate or in whorls of 3–8 at each node of the inflorescence ................................................................................................................................... 9 9. Swollen part of the spur globular; flowers geminate, sometimes in whorls of 3 at each node of the inflorescence ................................. 9. C. vesicata 9. Spur not swollen, sometimes slightly fusiform; flowers in whorls of 3–8 at each node of the inflorescence ............................................................. 10 10. Lip trilobed at the apex; leaves linear, margins revolute .................................................................................................................... 10. C. gabonensis 10. Lip entire; leaves oblong to elliptic, margins not revolute .......................................................................................................................................... 11 11. Inflorescence fasciculate, flowers usually in whorls of 4–8 at each node of the inflorescence; lip 2 mm long ............... 11. C. odoratissima 11. Inflorescence not fasciculate, flowers usually in whorls of 3 at each node of the inflorescence; lip 2.5–3.5 mm long .................................................................................................................................................................... 12. C. sarcophylla 1. Chamaeangis vagans (Lindl.) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 109. 1918. Angraecum vagans Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 135. 1862. Epidorchis vagans (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 660. 1891. Listrostachys vagans (Lindl.) Rolfe, Fl. Trop. Afr. 7: 162. 1897.—TYPE: SÃO TOMÉ & PRÍNCIPE, PRÍNCIPE ISLAND. sine loc., C. Barter 1988 (holotype: K!). Figure 2G. Distribution—Endemic to Príncipe Island. Observations—Probably related to Chamaeangis ichneumonea, a species distributed on the African mainland (Upper and Lower Guinea Domains). Additional Specimens Examined—SÃO TOMÉ & PRÍNCIPE, PRÍNCIPE ISLAND. Morro Fundao, 8 Oct 1997, T. Stévart 233 (BRLU, K); 22 Mar 1998, T. Stévart 327 (BRLU); 1 Nov 1998, T. Stévart 450 (BRLU, K); Way to Pico do Príncipe (first ridge), 1 Nov 1998, T. Stévart 431 (BRLU). 2. Chamaeangis ichneumonea (Lindl.) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 108. 1918. Angraecum ichneumoneum 288 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 34 Fig. 2. Floral differences among Chamaeangis taxa. A. C. lanceolata (Kennedy 2732); B. C. vesicata (Stévart & Pial 637); C. C. lecomtei var. lecomtei (Stévart & Pial 561); D. C. lecomtei var. tenuicalcar (Stévart & Biteau 1290); E. C. ichneumonea (Stévart & Pial 637); F. C. gabonensis (Biteau & Stévart 18); G. C. vagans (Stévart 233); H. C. thomensis (Stévart 194); I. C. sarcophylla (Troupin 15701); J. C. odoratissima (Biteau & Stévart 16); K. C. letouzeyi (Letouzey 14218); L. C. spiralis (Droissart et al. 63). Square = 1 mm2. Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 136. 1862. Listrostachys ichneumonea (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Gard. Chron. 1887(2): 681. 1887. Epidorchis ichneumonea (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 660. 1891.—TYPE: NIGERIA. Niger delta, bank of the Num River, Sep [year unknown], G. Mann 520 (holotype: K!; isotype: W). Figure 2E. Distribution—Upper and Lower Guinea Domains (Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, 2009] DROISSART ET AL.: SYNOPSIS OF CHAMAEANGIS Equatorial Guinea [Rio Muni], Gabon and Republic of Congo). We presently record it for the first time from Ivory Coast or Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni). Additional Specimens Examined—SIERRA LEONE. sine loc., 1927, F. C. Deighton 318 (K); Massa (Peri), Cultivated at Njala, 19 Nov 1948, F. C. Deighton 4959 (K). LIBERIA. New university farm, 30 km from Morovia, 27 Sep 1963, A. M. van Harten 117 (K, WAG); Western Province, Kolahun District, Karmadhun, 6 Nov 1947, J. T. Baldwin, Jr. 10201 (K); near Mt. Barclay, 29 Jun 1912, R. H. Bunting 15 (BM); sine loc., 2 Jul 1911, R. H. Bunting 157 (BM). GHANA. Ashanti, Kumasi, Aug 1945, J. K. Cox 122 (K). IVORY COAST. Cavally Basin, Mt. Niévokié, 20 km NE from Fort Binger, 500 m, 17 Jul 1907, A. J. B. Chevalier 19663 (P); Bassin du Cavally, Pays de Cépo: village de Grabo, 4 Aug 1907, A. J. B. Chevalier 19735 (P). NIGERIA. sine loc., leg. H. Gregory (K); Eket District, P. A. Talbot 3259 (BM); Degema District, P. A. Talbot s.n. (BM); Benin Province, Sapoba Forest Reserve, Banks of Jamisson River, 3 Nov 1948, R. W. J. Keay FHI 22704 (K). CAMEROON. Alèn, 15 miles from month of River Benits, 22 Sep 1847, G. L. Bates 581 (P); Zingui (21 km WSW Ebolowa), big hill outstanding the village, NW face, 14 Mar 1963, J. & A. Raynal 10489 (P); 1000 m, 14 Mar 1963, J. & A. Raynal 10499 (P); Nkoltsia hill, 23 km NW of Bipindi, 24 Nov 1974, J.-F. Villiers 981 (YA); South West Province, Kupe-Manengouba Division, locality of Muambong, forest beside River Chide towards Muambong Road, 5 Feb 1998, M. Etuge 4137 (YA); South Province, Ocean Division, Mvie, about 8 km (along a straight line) ENE of village Mvie (Mvie is 12 km N of Akom II by road), along road to plot of logging study, 02°33’N, 10°22.2’E, 400 m, 26 Sep 1997, X. M. van der Burgt & F. van der Laan 183 (WAG). EQUATORIAL GUINEA (RIO MUNI). Mirador, rock outcrop, 3 km W of Ecofac Station, 01°40’N, 010°17’E, 10 Sep 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 63 (BRLU); 6 Oct 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 91 (BRLU); Cataratas, intersection between path and Rio Uele, 01°38’N, 010°04’E, 6 Oct 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 89 (BRLU); Monte Mitra, way to Monte Mitra, between camp near Monte Mitra and Churu village, 1 Feb 2001, T. Stévart 792 (BRLU). GABON. Canda-Wano, 01°54’S, 011°45’E, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 5528 (BM, K, P); Mwagho-Wano, 01°52’S, 011°45’E, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 5530 (BM, P); Mbigou, 01°55’S, 011°55’E, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 5765 (BM, K, P); Oyem Region, Mbolenzorc, 01°28’N, 011°27’E, 16 May 1933, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 9145 (BM); Ogooué-Maritime, Doudou Mountains, eastern foothills of the Doudou Mountains, J. C. Arends 813 (WAG); Ogooué-Maritime, eastern foothills of the Doudou Mountains, 02°09’S, 010°20’E, 530 m, 7 Dec 1984, J. C. Arends et al. 682 (K, LBV, WAG); Ogooué-Maritime between Rabi 49 and 51, 01°52’S, 09°50’E, 10 m, 28 Nov 1989, J. J. F. E. de Wilde et al. 9859 (WAG); Cristal Mountains, 9 km NE of Tchimbélé, 00°40’N, 010°28’E, 535 m, J. J. Wieringa 277 (WAG); Nyanga. Chantier CEB, ca 45 km SW of Doussala, 02°35’S, 010°34’E, 22 Oct 1985, J. M. Reitsma & B. Reitsma 1716 (LBV, WAG); between Kinguele and Tchimbélé,, 1 Dec 1997, J. P. Biteau & T. Stévart 19 (BRLU); Mbé Akélayong, 26 Nov 2001, L. Ngok Banak 292 (BRLU); L. Ngok Banak 293 (BRLU); L. Ngok Banak 294 (BRLU); L. Ngok Banak 295 (BRLU); 4 Dec 2001, L. Ngok Banak 330 (BRLU); Mt. Mbilan (river), 00°28.726’N, 010°16.627’E, 1 Dec 2002, T. Stévart 1736 (BRLU); 15 Nov 2002, T. Stévart 1756 (BRLU); Tchimbélé (open quarry of), near the backwater, 00°37.893’N, 010°24.421’E, 1 Dec 2002, T. Stévart 1740 (BRLU); between Ntum and Andok Foula (km 25 on the road SEEG to Kinguélé), 00°20.181’N, 09°12.000’E, 1 Dec 2002, T. Stévart 1741 (BRLU); Rabi (Ogooué-Maritime), 01°56.18’N, 09°52.85’E, 9 Oct 2002, T. Stévart & O. Pauwels 1866 (BRLU). CONGO, REPUBLIC OF. Niasi Region, Col de Bamba, 600 m, 9 May 1992, I. & E. la Croix 1101 (K); Ouest de Mossendjo, 28 Oct 1975, P. Sita 3964 (P). 3. Chamaeangis spiralis Stévart & Droissart, sp. nov.— TYPE: CAMEROON. Nguti, Banyang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, S of 552 camp, 220 m, 05°21.109’N, 09°33.427’E, 30 Jun 2007, V. Droissart, T. Stévart & M. Simo 573 (holotype: BRLU!; isotypes: MO!, YA!). Chamaeangis sp. nov. Segerbäck in Orchids of Nigeria: 82–83. 1983. Chamaeangis sp. 1 Szlach. & Olszewski in Fl. Cameroun 36: 752. 2001. 289 A C. letouzeyi Szlach. & Olszewski foliis 9.5–11 cm longis cum lobis rotundatis, inflorescentia compactiori, floribus dispositione spirali minoribusque cum labello trilobato et calcari apice valde rotundato-inflato praecipue differt. A short stemmed, 1–2 cm, epiphytic herb, glabrous. Leaves fleshy, falcate, oblong-elliptic to narrowly obovate, apex bilobed, unequal and subacute to rounded, 9.5–11 × 1.7–1.9 cm, twisted at the base. Inflorescences axillary, up to 25-flowered, racemose, 7.5–9 cm long, with flowers arranged in a spiral, sometimes fasciculate; one flower per node; peduncle fleshy, cylindrical, 1.3–1.4 mm in diameter; bracts acute, amplexicaul, glabrous, 0.5–1.2 mm long, 1–2 mm apart; pedicel and ovary cylindrical, straight, 2.4–2.9 mm long. Flowers glabrous, greenish and yellowish; dorsal sepal ovate, apiculate, 2.1–2.8 × 1.1–1.4 mm; lateral sepals oblong-elliptic, carinate on the abaxial side, 2.1–3 × 1.2–1.6 mm; petals obovate, 1.6–2 × 0.8–1.1 mm; lip 3-lobed in the centre, without callus, 1.9–2.2 × 1.5–2 mm (when spread out), side lobes obtuse, bent towards the interior; median lobe deflexed, subobtuse; spur cylindrical, curved, abruptly inflated-rounded in the apical half, forming a globular sac 2 mm wide, 3.5–4.2 mm long; column approximately 0.8 mm long; pollinia 2, approximately 0.2 mm in diameter; stipes 2; viscidia 1, ovate. Figures 3I–M, 2L. Ecology—Epiphyte collected on fallen trees in Caesalpinaceae forest. This species has also been found in secondary forest on small branches of a tree of about 20 m high. Alt. 100–220 m. Distribution—Lower Guinea Domain (Cameroon and Nigeria). This species was recently collected near Nguti village in the Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary (West Cameroon). The other specimen from Southwest Cameroon was also collected just near the border of another protected area, the Campo Maan National Park. Given the status of these protected areas, it seems likely that C. spiralis is not endangered, but additional information is needed to clarify its conservation status and entire distribution. Etymology—The specific epithet was chosen to indicate the flower disposition, which differentiates this species from other members of the genus. Sanford also made this observation on the specimen he collected in Nigeria. Additional Specimens Examined—CAMEROON. sine loc., cult. Hort. Bot. Paris, Rose 46 (P); Nguti, Banyang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, S of 552 camp, 220 m, 05°21.109’N, 09°33.427’E, 02 Aug 2004, V. Droissart et al. 63 (BRLU!), 27 Oct 2005, V. Droissart et al. 270 (BRLU!), 11 Jun 2006, V. Droissart al. 271 (BRLU!), 24 Jun 2006, V. Droissart et al. 379 (BRLU!); SE of Bifa (village between Kribi and Ebolowa), path between Niete River and Nyamefoo River, 100 m, 02°41.308’N, 010°16.406’E, 13 Apr 2007, V. Droissart 384 (BRLU!). NIGERIA. Ikom, Cross River State, B. Segerbäck 1169 (K!); Benin Province, Supaba, Dec 1965, W.W. Sanford 369/66 (K!). Discussion—Chamaeangis spiralis appears to be related to C. letouzeyi because they share a small spur, a unique character within the genus. However, the leaves of C. letouzeyi are linear and are not flattened like those of C. spiralis. Another interesting feature of C. spiralis is that it possesses a fasciculate inflorescence; i.e. branched below the first node. In fact, seven species have this feature: C. lanceolata, C. vesicata, C. thomensis, C. odoratissima, C. ichneumonea, and C. spiralis. Fasciculate inflorescences are generally the result of the development of new inflorescences each year at the same place on the stem. Less frequently, two inflorescences may appear at the same time from the same place (e.g. V. Droissart et al. 573). Chamaeangis letouzeyi (Perez-Vera 275) and C. lanceolata (Kennedy 2731) are the only species observed with inflorescences branched both at and above the first inflorescence node. 290 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 34 Fig. 3. Illustrations of newly described taxa. A–C. C. lecomtei var. lecomtei; D–H. C. lecomtei var. tenuicalcar; I–M. C. spiralis. A, D, I (left to right). dorsal sepal, petal, lateral sepal; B, E, J. labellum and spur; C, F, K. flower; G, L. inflorescence; H, M. plant habit. Bar = 1 mm (A–G, I–L), 1 cm (H, M). A–C. Stévart & Pial 561; D–G. Stévart & Biteau 1290; H. Louis 3369; I–L. Droissart et al. 63; M. Droissart et al. 379. Drawing by Ingrid Parmentier. 2009] DROISSART ET AL.: SYNOPSIS OF CHAMAEANGIS 4. Chamaeangis thomensis (Rolfe) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 109. 1918. Angraecum thomense Rolfe, Bol. Soc. Brot. 9: 141. 1891. Listrostachys thomensis (Rolfe) Rolfe, Fl. Trop. Afr. 7: 163. 1897.—TYPE: SÃO TOMÉ & PRÍNCIPE, SÃO TOMÉ ISLAND. Morro Provaz, 1,400 m, 00°17.75’N, 6°34.75’E, 28 Nov 2007, T. Stévart, M. Leal & F. de Oliveira 99 (Neotype: BRLU!; isoneotypes: MO!, STP!, here designated). Figure 2H. Distribution—Endemic to São Tomé Island. Observations—Chamaeangis thomensis was described by Rolfe (1892) based on a collection made by Quintas from São Tomé (F. Quintas s.n.). Dandy (in Exell 1944) and Summerhayes (1958) were unable to find specimens of this species. We were also unsuccessful. An intensive investigation for original material from Quintas was made throughout several herbaria, including BM, K, and COI, where Quintas’ collections were at one time deposited. Since we failed to locate a specimen, we have concluded that the specimen has either been lost or destroyed. We therefore designated a neotype from our recent collections from São Tomé, all four of which are a good match for the original description of C. thomensis. T. Stévart et al. 99 was chosen as the neotype because it is the only specimen with both well preserved flowers conserved in alcohol and dried herbarium specimens. Chamaeangis thomensis is a typical species of the São Tomé cloud forest and all our specimens were collected between 900 and 1,600 m. The neotype was collected as an epiphyte on Podocarpus mannii Hook. f. Chamaengis thomensis is endemic to São Tomé and is probably related to C. lanceolata, a species distributed in the Lower Guinea area. However, these two taxa can easily be separated by the size and shape of their sepals and petals (Fig. 2A, H): those of C. lanceolata are broad and have an acuminate apex while those of C. thomensis are narrower and have an acute apex. C. thomensis occurs in the submontane to montane vegetation, while C. lanceolata has always been recorded in lowland forests. Additional Specimens Examined—SÃO TOMÉ & PRÍNCIPE, SÃO TOMÉ ISLAND. Morro Provaz, 00°17.75’N, 06°34.75’E, L. Primo & T. Stévart 137 (BRLU); Estacao Souza 00°15.5′N, 06°33.5′E, 19 Oct 2002, L. Primo & T. Stévart 91 (BRLU); 1 Sep 1999, T. Stévart 659 (BRLU); Calvário, 900–1,050 m, 00°16’N, 06°34’E, 1 Oct 1997, T. Stévart 194 (BRLU, MO). 5. Chamaeangis letouzeyi Szlach. & Olszewski, Fl. Cameroun 36: 754. 2001. Emend. Stévart & Droissart.— TYPE: CAMEROON. Tinachong, 30 km WNW of Bamenda and 20 km NNE of Batibo, 10 Aug 1975, R. Letouzey 14218 (holotype: P!; isotypes: K!, YA!). Chamaeangis pauciflora Perez-Vera, Orchidées Côte d’Ivoire: 234. 2003.—TYPE: IVORY COAST. Zagné forest, May 1972, F. Perez-Vera 275 (holotype: UCJ; isotypes: ABI, K!, P!), syn. nov. Epiphytic herb with a short pendulous stem, up to 7 cm long, 5–8 mm diameter. Leaves up to 8, distichous, coriaceous, linear-lanceolate to linear-ovate, unequally bilobed, up to 19.5 × 1.8 cm, lobes distant up to 9 mm, upper lobe rounded to acute, lower lobe very short or lacking. Inflorescences pendulous, up to 6 per plant, fasciculate or ramified at the base, racemose, up to 60-flowered, up to 21 cm long, peduncle thin, cylindrical, 0.8–0.9 mm in diameter; bracts amplexicaul, triangular, acute, glabrous, 2 × 2 mm; pedicel and ovary cylindrical, straight, 2.5–3.5 mm long. Flowers glabrous, yellow–orange; dorsal sepal ovate, convex, obtuse, apex slightly apiculate, 3–3.3 × 2 mm; lateral sepals obliquely ovate, convex, apex slightly apiculate 3.3–3.5 × 2 mm; petals lanceolate, convex, 291 2.5 × 1 mm; lip ovate-oblong, entire, 2.5–3 × 1.8 mm (when spread out); spur cylindrical, slightly curved, 4–6 mm long, inflated-rounded in the apical fourth forming an globular sac, 1.5 mm; column approximately 0.8 mm long; polliniarium not seen. Figure 2K. Distribution—Upper and Lower Guinea Domains (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea [Bioko] and Cameroon). Observations—This species was recently described from Cameroon (Szlachetko and Olszewski 2001), and shortly thereafter Perez-Vera (2003) described Chamaeangis pauciflora from Ivory Coast. Descriptions and illustrations for these two taxa are similar and there is no doubt that they belong to the same species. This was confirmed by examination of the two type specimens. The holotype at P, Letouzey 14218, is composed of two sheets, one with a young plant and the other an older individual. There is no doubt that Szlachetko and Olszewski (2001) saw only one of the two sheets. They therefore described the species based only on the young plant. Moreover, an isotype of C. letouzeyi not cited by Szlachetko and Olszewski (2001) was found in YA. This specimen is rather different from that used by Szlachetko and Olszewski (2001) for their description. It matches the second sheet of the holotype deposited at P. The description by Szlachetko and Olszewski (2001) is not consistent with the complete type material, and it is for this reason that we have made our decision to describe it again. Additional Specimens Examined—GUINEA. Surroundings of Mzérékoré, “pays de Mamous”, 1 Jun 1936, H. Jacques-Félix 956 (K, P). SIERRA LEONE. Bonabu, Aug 1933, M. T. Daroe 560 (K). LIBERIA. Mts. Nimba, 500 m, 22 Jun 1969, D. Johansson 530 (K); Ganta, 17 Jun 1950, W. J. Harley 1643 (K); 26 May 1957, W. J. Harley 1813 (K). IVORY COAST. Road from Douane to Mau, Jul 1973, F. Perez-Vera 275/B (K). EQUATORIAL GUINEA (BIOKO). Along road from Parador to Malsa, about km 14, 800–900 m, 5 Jan 1967, W. W. Sanford 4314 (K). 6. Chamaeangis lanceolata Summerh., Kew Bull. 13: 279. 1958.—TYPE: NIGERIA. Benin Province, Sapota, Jamieson River, Nov 1949, R. D. Meikle 607 (holotype: K!). Figure 2A. Distribution—Lower Guinea Domain (Nigeria and Cameroon). In the World Checklist of Orchidaceae (Govaerts et al. 2007), this species is incorrectly reported from both the Upper and Lower Guinea Domains (Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon and Republic of Congo), due to confusion with C. lecomtei. We have never observed C. lanceolata in Gabon or in East Cameroon during our intensive fieldwork, whereas C. lecomtei is quite common. This suggests that C. lanceolata is restricted to the southern part of Nigeria and the western part of Cameroon. We studied three specimens of C. lanceolata, Kennedy 2731, 2732 (BM) and Droissart et al. 213 (BRLU), the last of which was recently collected from West Cameroon, providing the first record from that country. Observations—The flowers and the spur of the collection from Cameroon are much larger than those of the type specimen. Additional Specimens Examined—NIGERIA. Jamieson River, Sapoba, 1935, J. D. Kennedy 2731 (BM, K); J. D. Kennedy 2732 (BM, K); sine loc., 15 Nov 1933, A. F. Ross 186 (K). CAMEROON. Nguti. Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, way to camp 552, 05°20.234’N, 09°28.411’E, 6 Dec 2004, V. Droissart et al. 213 (BRLU); 28 Nov 2005, V. Droissart et al. 347 (BRLU). 7. Chamaeangis lecomtei (Finet) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 108 (1918).—TYPE: GABON. M’Bary River, Fernand Vaz, April 1894, H. Lecomte s.n. (lectotype: P!, here designated). 292 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY Chamaeangis lecomtei var. lecomtei. Listrostachys lecomtei Finet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54(9): 54. 1907. Figures 3A–C, 2C. Chamaeangis lanceolata auct. non Summerh.: Szlach. and Olszewski, Fl. Cameroun 36: 760 (2001); Szlach. et al. Fl. Gabon 37: 426–427. 2004. Distribution—Lower Guinea Domain (Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea [Rio Muni] and Gabon). The type variety was first reported in Gabon by Schlechter (1918), and then from Cameroon by Szlachetko and Olszewski (2001) (as C. lanceolata). We presently recorded it for the first time from Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni). Observations—Szlachetko and Olszewski (2001) and Szlachetko et al. (2004) incorrectly applied the name Chamaeangis lanceolata to this species. The drawing and the description in the “Flore du Cameroun” and in the “Flore du Gabon” based on Letouzey 9159 correspond therefore to C. lecomtei var. lecomtei. When Finet (1907) described C. lecomtei, he did not cite a type nor did he indicate its distribution, but he provided an illustration. According to article 44.1 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (McNeill et al. 2006), an illustration accompanied by analysis is sufficient for this taxon to have been published validly because it preceded the cutoff date required in this case. However, we have found two specimens of this taxon at P (Lecomte s.n. and Leroy 145) collected at the end of the 19th century, and it is quite obvious that Finet based his description on these specimens because he was working at P and because he chose his epithet to honour the collector of the first of these specimens. Both of these collections are well preserved and it is impossible to know which was used for the drawing. It is more than likely that Finet’s description was based on both specimens. Since the species was dedicated to H. Lecomte, we have chosen his specimen as the lectotype. Additional Specimens Examined—CAMEROON. Lobé River, 25 km ENE of Campo, 24 Mar 1968, R. Letouzey 9159 (P); Mbassakok outcrop near Mama village, 22 Aug 2001, T. Stévart & D. Pial 192 (BRLU, K); T. Stévart & D. Pial 200 (BRLU); 1 Aug 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 561 (BRLU); 7 Aug 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 573 (BRLU); 03°18.946’N, 012°42.615’E, 30 Jul 2003, T. Stévart & D. Pial 839 (BRLU); 7 Aug 2001, T. Stévart et al. 170 (BRLU); 30 Aug 2004, V. Droissart et al. 87 (BRLU); Mbolo falls, S of Dja Reserve (N of Djoum), beach near falls on way to fisherman camp, 02°52.047’N, 012°56.961’E, 19 Aug 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 595 (BRLU); 11 Aug 2003, T. Stévart & D. Pial 845 (BRLU); 18 Aug 2003, T. Stévart & D. Pial 862 (BRLU); 30 Aug 2004, V. Droissart et al. 85 (BRLU). EQUATORIAL GUINEA (RIO MUNI). Bicurga, dalle rocheuse, 01°35’N, 010°28’E, 22 Oct 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 102 (BRLU, K); Misergue, 23 Sep 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 79 (BRLU); Cataratas, path between hut and transect, 01°36’N, 010°03’E, 1 Oct 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 84 (BRLU). GABON. sine loc., A. Leroy 145 (P); Ogooué-Ivindo, West bank Ovindo River across c. 4 km, opposite Mayibout I, 12 km from Bélinga, 01°07.90’N, 013°06.20’E, Oct 1987, A. M. Louis et al. 2435 (LBV, WAG); Estuaire, Moka creek, E of Mondah River, J. C. Arends 94 (WAG); J. C. Arends 942 (WAG); Estuaire, Ovang, E of Libreville, 00°29’N, 09°31’E, J. J. Bos et al.10771 (WAG); E Libreville, Kongo, J. P. Biteau & T. Stévart 13 (BRLU); Site C.E.F.A.-Ayem, 10 km SW from Ndjolé, 16 Apr 1963, N. Hallé 1668 (P); Ntoum (road LibrevilleKango), 00°23.669’N, 09°46.238’E, 3 May 2002, T. Stévart 1381 (BRLU); Mt. Mbilan (river), 00°28.726’N, 010°16.627’E, 15 Nov 2002, T. Stévart 1755 (BRLU); Njolé, 27 Mar 2002, T. Stévart & J. P. Biteau 1301 (BRLU). 8. Chamaeangis lecomtei var. tenuicalcar Stévart & Droissart, var. nov. Chamaeangis lanceolata auct. non Summerh.: Perez-Vera, Orchidées Côte d’Ivoire: 232. 2003.—TYPE: GABON. sine loc., plant collected in J. P. Biteau’s orchid garden in Libreville, 27 Mar 2002, T. Stévart & J. P. Biteau 1290 (holotype: BRLU!). [Volume 34 A Chamaeangis lecomtei var. lecomtei labelli calcari apice ovato et 1–2 mm lato differt. Epiphytic herb with a short pendulous stem, up to 6 cm long, 3–10 mm diameter. Leaves up to 11, distichous, coriaceous, elliptic to linear, unequally bilobed, up to 18 × 1.5 cm, lobes distant up to 15 mm, upper lobe rounded, curved inwards, lower lobe very short or lacking. Inflorescences pendulous, 1–5 per plant, racemose, 13–51-flowered, up to 24 cm long, peduncle thin, cylindrical, 0.8–0.9 mm in diameter; bracts amplexicaul, conical, glabrous, 2 × 2 mm; pedicel and ovary cylindrical, straight, 3 mm long. Flowers glabrous, sepals, petal, lip and pedicel beige–orange, spur white translucent; dorsal sepal ovate, apex slightly apiculate, 1.7–1.8 × 1.4– 1.6 mm; lateral sepals ovate, carinate on the abaxial side, apex slightly apiculate 1.6–2 × 1.1–1.3 mm; petals ovate to oblongelliptic, 1.4–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm; lip triangular 1.5–1.8 × 1.3–1.6 mm (when spread out); spur cylindrical, slightly curved at the base, 9–12 mm long, inflated-rounded in the apical fifth forming an ovoid sac, 2–2.5 × 1.2 mm; column approximately 2 mm long; pollinia 2, approximately 0.2 mm in diameter; stipes and viscidia not seen. Figures 3D–H, 2D. Ecology—Epiphyte collected on fallen branches in Hevea plantation and in old secondary forest. Alt. 100–200 m. Distribution—Upper and Lower Guinea Domains (Ivory Coast, Ghana and Gabon). This new variety was first identified from a Gabonese specimen collected from a cultivated plant in J. P. Biteau’s garden in Libreville. Two additional collections were then found at the National Herbarium of Gabon, both from Estuaire province (North coastal part of the country). This part of Gabon is densely populated, and so this variety could be threatened due to pressures caused by human activity. A specimen (Perez-Vera 725) that corresponds to this taxon was identified as Chamaeangis lanceolata by Perez-Vera (2003). Moreover, recent examination of herbarium material from K and P revealed three other specimens of this taxon from coastal Ivory Coast and Ghana. The distribution of this new variety does not appear to overlap that of the type variety except in coastal Gabon, where their co-occurrence helps to explain why we have chosen to distinguish them at the rank of variety rather than subspecies. Etymology—The specific epithet was chosen to indicate the shape of the spur. Additional Specimens Examined—GHANA. Ndumfri Forest Reserve, 1 Apr 1968, J. B. Hall & A. A. Enti 38132 (K!). IVORY COAST. km 9 of Yakassé Mé-Kodiousou road, 05°49’N, 03°54’W, 100–200 m, 31 Jul 1970, A. M. J. Leeuwenberg 8056 (K!, P!, WAG!); Mt Mafa, cultivated in Daloa, 25 Jul 1975, F. Perez-Vera 725 (K!, P!); Y.A.P.O. forest, ca. 8 km S of Bécédi-Bugnn, ca. 4 km N of Mafou River, 6 Aug 1963, W. J. J. O. de Wilde 640 (K!). GABON. Plant cultivated in Libreville, origin: Estuaire, Ekouk, 00°05’S, 010°20’E, 8 Apr 1993, A. M. Louis 3361 (LBV!); Estuaire, 2 km N of Andem approximately 10 km Kougouleu to Kan, 00°22’N, 09°57’E, 9 Oct 1985, A. M. Louis et al. 1865 (LBV!, WAG!). Discussion—The spur shape is the main characteristic distinguishing these two varieties. The type variety possesses a spur abruptly inflated into a globose sac (3 × 2.1–2.2 mm), whereas var. tenuicalcar displays an ovoid apex (2–2.5 × 1.2 mm). Furthermore, the spur of the type variety is usually curved in the middle while that of the new variety is curved at the base (Fig. 2). 9. Chamaeangis vesicata (Lindl.) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 109. 1918. Angraecum vesicatum Lindl., Edw. Bot. Reg. 29 (Misc.): 6. 1843. Listrostachys vesicata (Lindl.) Rchb. 2009] DROISSART ET AL.: SYNOPSIS OF CHAMAEANGIS f., Flora 48: 190. 1865. Angorchis vesicata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 652. 1891.—TYPE: GHANA. Ashanti, G. Loddiges s.n. (holotype: K; isotype: W). Figure 2B. Chamaeangis kloetzlianum Szlach. & Olszewski, in Fl. Cameroun 36: 764. 2001.—TYPE: KENYA. Karen (East), « forêt du poisson des flèches », Babault s.n. (holotype: P!). Distribution—Widespread in tropical Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea [Bioko, Rio Muni], Gabon, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania). This species is firstly recorded from Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni). Observations—Chamaeangis kloetzlianum Szlach. & Olszewski was described as an endemic species from Kenya in the “Flore du Cameroun” (Szlachetko and Olszewski 2001) but it is considered a synonym of C. vesicata in the World Checklist of Orchidaceae (Govaerts et al. 2007). Additional Specimens Examined—GUINEA. Cercle de Faranah: Socouraba, 1 Jan 1909, A. J. B. Chevalier 20505 (P). SIERRA LEONE. Northern Province, 17 Sep 1931, F. C. Deighton 2242 (K); Ex Musaia, 20 Aug 1947, F. C. Deighton 4642 (K); 14 Sep 1948, F. C. Deighton 4904 (K); between Kmuadugu and Piedmont Loma, 31 Aug 1964, P. Jaeger 7291 (K, P). IVORY COAST. Katiola Region, 12 May 1905, Bayev s.n. (P); Issia Rock, 15 Sep 1965, D. Bonardi 179 (P); Monts des Dans, near Santa, 3 Feb 1957, F. N. Hepper & J. Maley 8057 (K); Daloa, Nov 1971, F. Perez-Vera 136 (K). Ghana. Brong-Ahafo Region, between Wenchi and Ofuman, near bridge, C. Jongkind 3071 (WAG); Apla E.P, 600 ft, Nov 1935, C. Vigne 4046 (K); Awaso, cult. Kew (K); Anum junction, Agu, 11 Sep 1952, D. Westwood 40 (K); Juaso, 20 Sep 1938, G. S. Cansdale 134 (K); Leklebi-Dafonear Togo Border, 2,000 ft, 18 Apr 1967, J. C. Bowling 36590 (K); Ashanti, Kumasi, Sep 1938, J. K. Cox 102 (K); near Apapam, 16 Dec 1953, J. K. Morton 8150 (K); Pese, Volta gap, 29 Nov 1953, J. K. Morton s.n. (K); sine loc., Dec 1891, W. Bull 67 (K); near Assuantsi, 14 May 1921, W. C. Fishlock 29 (K). NIGERIA. Ondo Province, Akure Forest Reserve, 19 Aug 1946, A. P. D. Jones 19544 (K); Ondo Province, Carter’s Peak, 1,500 ft, 25 Aug 1946, A. P. D. Jones 20412 (BR, K); W Region, D. E. S. King s.n. (K); Benin, Akure, Aug 1950, H. Gregory 521 (K); Eket District, P. A. Talbot 3578 (BM); Obeskuta Province, Egba District, Olokemeji, 1950, R. W. J. Keay FHI 26733 (K); Ondo Province, Idanne Hills, 1948, R. W. J. Keay & J. P. N. Brenan FHI 22428 (K); sine loc., 17 Jun 1913, S. Ashornti 10 (K). CAMEROON. sine loc., G. A. Zenker 610 (K); Ebolowa, 14 km on the road to Abam, station du cacaoyer de N’koemvone, 27 Aug 1974, J. J. F. E. de Wilde 7413 (BR, K, YA); Akoundoué, Nkolbisson near Yaoundé, 17 Jan 1979, K. V. Setten 326 (WAG); near Malantouen, 25 km E of Foumban (Feuille I.G.N 1/200000 Linte), 3 Sep 1966, R. Letouzey 7777 (P, YA); Ngoko, Sep 1899, R. Schlechter 12732 (BR); Bouamir (inselberg of), 6 h walk from Somalomo vilage, Réserve du Dja, T. Stévart 721 (BRLU); Bouamir (inselberg of Bouamir), 5 Sep 2003, T. Stévart & D. Pial 893 (BRLU); “Petit Rocher” of Bouamir, Dja Reserve, 22 Aug 2001, T. Stévart & D. Pial 194 (BRLU); Somalomo village, coffee plantation, 03°23’N, 012°44’E, 22 Aug 2001, T. Stévart & D. Pial 198 (BRLU); 15 Aug 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 581 (BRLU); 18 Aug 2003, T. Stévart & D. Pial 852 (BRLU); Palm d’Or Rock, 23 Sep 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 637 (BRLU); Nkoubar (rock), 15–20 km E of Bouamir, Dja Reserve, 24 Aug 2003, T. Stévart & D. Pial 876 (BRLU); Somalomo, plantation of Papa Remy Mampomo, 03°23’N, 012°44’E, 6 Aug 2001, T. Stévart et al. 145 (BRLU); Dja Reserve (collection J. P. Vautherin), 29 Sep 2000, T. Stévart et al. 52 (BRLU); Mbam-Minkom, 30 km NW of Yaoundé, near Kolakié village, 03°58.609’N, 011°22.835’E, 13 Aug 2006, V. Droissart et al. 412 (BRLU); Akomssili (inselberg of), 6 km S. of Bouamir, Dja Reserve, 03°10.161’N, 012°45.364’E, 13 Sep 2004, V. Droissart et al. 103 (BRLU); 13 Sep 2004, V. Droissart et al. 104 (BRLU); 22 Aug 2005, V. Droissart et al. 312 (BRLU); 22 Aug 2005, V. Droissart et al. 313 (BRLU); path from Kougoulou to Nkoubar (outcrop of), 15–20 km E of Bouamir, Dja Reserve, 03°11.258’N, 012°56.513’E, 13 Sep 2004, V. Droissart et al. 108 (BRLU); Mbouma, cacao plantation, 02°44.044’N, 013°04.472’E, 20 Sep 2004, V. Droissart et al. 121 (BRLU); Mefou: 22 miles Yaoundé on Akonolinga road, 19 Oct 1968, W. W. Sanford 5201 (P); about Akonolinga area, Bigier exploitation, 21 Oct 1968, W. W. Sanford 5212 (K, P); Ayos to Abong-Mbang, near atols, 24 Oct 1968, W. W. Sanford 5220 (P); forest exploitation near Dimako, off Doumé road, 26 Oct 1968, W. W. Sanford 5237 (P); Dschang District, just beyond Fongo- 293 Tongo, 5,700 ft, 26 Nov 1968, W. W. Sanford 5648 (K); Amban to Ebolowa, 1 Mar 1969, W. W. Sanford 6106 (K). CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC. Sangha River, 350 m, 2 Oct 1988, D. J. Harris & J. M. Fay 1291 (K); Yalinga, 10 Sep 1922, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 4170 (BM, P); 10 Oct 1922, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 4220 (BM, P). EQUATORIAL GUINEA (RIO MUNI). inselberg of Akoak Ebanga, 1 h walk from Ngong Mocomo village, 10 km from Nsork, 01°04’N, 011°12’E, 31 May 2002, I. Parmentier & P. Esono 3506 (BRLU); inselberg of Dumu, near Dumu village, 01°22.2’N 011°19.4’E, 6 Jun 2002, I. Parmentier & P. Esono 3643 (BRLU); Wele-Nzas: Ncoho Yenguem, km. 38 de la carretera de Enkue, 24 Aug 2000, R. Pérez Viso 3694 (BRLU); Nsork (Ngong Mokomo), 01°14’N, 011°02’E, 31 Mar 2000, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 132 (BRLU); road to Mitemle, 21 Aug 2001, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 401 (BRLU); 11 Sep 2001, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 412 (BRLU); Monte Chocolate, 01°45’N, 010°16’E, 11 Sep 2001, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 421 (BRLU); 6 Sep 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 56 (BRLU); Monte Alén National Park - Monte Chocolate Transect (path to transect), 01°46.324’N, 010°16.792’E, 2 Sep 2002, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 506 (BRLU); 5 Jul 2001, T. Stévart 917 (BRLU); Oyek, 6 Oct 2002, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 513 (BRLU); Moca village, 01°39’N, 010°19’E, 6 Oct 2002, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 520 (BRLU); Mirador, rock outcrop, 3 km W of Ecofac Station, 01°40’N, 010°17’E, 6 Sep 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 58 (BRLU); Esamalan, 01°34’N, 010°12’E, 10 Sep 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 60 (BRLU); inselberg Akuom, 6 km E of Nsuameyong, 01°49’N, 010°55’E, 17 Sep 1999, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 68 (BRLU); Akuom (inselberg of), 1.5 h walk (6 km) from Nzuameyong village, 25 km of Añisok, 01°50.156’N, 010°55.734’E, 25 Jan 2003, V. Deman & P. Esono 220 (BRLU); Bikurga (inselberg of), near Bikurga village, 01°35.035’N, 010°28.037’E, T. Stévart 1085 (BRLU); 18 Feb 2001, T. Stévart 776 (BRLU); 18 Feb 2001, V. Deman et al. 784 (BRLU); SW side 220°, 18 Feb 2001, T. Stévart 815 (BRLU); Moca village, PNMA, 14 Jul 2001, T. Stévart 972 (BRLU); 33 miles from Ebebingui on road to Micomeaong, 1,900 ft, 13 Feb 1969, W. W. Sanford 5737 (K, P). GABON. Woleu-Ntem, Minvoul, 02°09’N, 012°07’E, 17 Oct 1985, A. M. Louis 1876 (LBV, WAG); Woleu-Ntem. Chantier Oveng, 00°04’N, 011°15’E, A. M. Louis 2126 (LBV, WAG); exploitation road, 2 km SE of Forestry Camp Waka, 01°14’S, 010°53’E, A. M. Louis et al. 1231 (WAG); sine loc., cult. J. Herman (K); Haute-ngounyé, Nzambi (between Divégni and Mouila), 19 May 1925, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 5458 (BM, K, P); Ogoué in Franceville, 01°38’S, 013°35’E, 11 May 1930, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 8082 (BM, K, P); Oyem Region, Rock outcrop of Com, Coumassi, 01°50’N, 011°37’E, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 9006 (BM, P); Woleu-Ntem, Coum rock outcrop in Coum-Aci, Nzambi (between Divégni and Mouila), 01°50’N, 011°37’E, 1 Sep 1933, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 9268 (BM, K, P); Oyem Region, rock outcrop of Acé Bengom, 01°35’N, 011°45’E, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 9213 (BM, P); Haut-Ogooué, 24 Apr 1930, G. M. P. C. Le Testu s.n. (BM), sine loc., J. & C. Hermans 399 (K); ca 30 km S of Rabi, along the road to Echira, platform called ‘Echira Horizontal’, 02°34’S, 09°49’E, J. J. F. E. de Wilde et al. 9760 (WAG); Oyem, 1 Oct 1997, J. P. Biteau & T. Stévart 17 (BRLU); Woleu-Ntem, inselberg in Bordamur concession area, some 9 km from WWF station, on righthand side of logging road leading into forest interior, 01°04’N, 011°43’E, 590 m, 25 Oct 2002, J. S. Strijk 291 (LBV, WAG); J. S. Strijk 311 (LBV, WAG); near ‘pont de lianes’, 700 m, 22 May 1963, N. Hallé & G. Cours 6153 (P); Salem (inselberg of) near Eleleum village on Medouneu road, 01°12.011’N, 011°31.853’E, 19 Apr 2002, T. Stévart 1350 (BRLU); Bibas (road Oyem/Bissok/Sam, 5 km after junction to Bissok), 01°24.519’N, 011°36.812’E, 19 Apr 2002, T. Stévart 1355 (BRLU); between Mouilla and Mimango, 01°41.808’N, 011°23.104’E, 27 Apr 2002, T. Stévart 1366 (BRLU); Mt. Koum, 1 km from Kumassi village, 32 km from Oyem to Bitam, 01°49.614’N, 011°37.344’E, 24 Sep 2002, T. Stévart 1832 (BRLU); 01°49.542’N, 011°37.937’E, 14 Jan 2002, V. Deman 71 (BRLU); Oyem Region, Inselberg Ossap Anda, 12 Jan 2003, V. Deman 53 (BRLU). CONGO, REPUBLIC OF. Forestry road Fouet, toward forestry site of the Mudongo, 25 km W Sibiti, 03°40’S, 013°20’E, 6 Aug 1965, C. Farron 4234 (P); roadworks on Mudongo road, 25 mk W of Sibiti, 03°40’S, 013°20’E, 16 Aug 1965, C. Farron 4421 (P); forest gallery 8 km from Boko-Songho, Madingou, 21 Jul 1963, de Néré 1668 (P); Mandiélé, plateaux Batékés, 650 m, 27 Feb 1971, L. Makany 1750 (P). CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF. Djugu, 17 Jul 1958, A. Devillé 165 (BR, K); Bas-Uele, 29 Nov 1934, A. Dewulf 282 (BR); Mobwasa, Oct 1913, F. J. Reygaert 1140 (BR); Vaku, Apr 1924, F. J. Wellens 495 (BR); Kuti, 27 Sep 1905, F. Seret 46 (BR); Upemba National Park, Buye Bala River, 1750 m, 26 Mar 1948, G. F. de Witte 3563 (BR, K); sine loc., 1938, J. Gillet 17 (BR); Kimuenza, J. Gillet 2105 (BR); Kisantu, J. Gillet s.n. (BR); sine loc., H. Callens 835 (K); Lesse, 22 Jul 1914, J. C. C. Bequaert 5092 (BR); Kinshasa, 29 May 1915, J. C. C. Bequaert 7479 (BR, K); Gimbi, 29 Mar 1948, J. Laurent 369 (BR); Djugu, 1931, J. Lebrun 3928 (BR); Mayombe, Luki, 9 Aug 1957, J. Wagemans 1622 (BR, K); Dundusana, M. G. Mortehan 765 (BR); Musonoi River, 84 km NNW from Kolwezi, 3 Jan 1982, M. Schaijes 1300 (BR); Lekwa, Djugu 294 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY Forest, 9 Jul 1958, P. Bamps 233 (BR, K); Mvuavi, 28 Jun 1953, R. Devred 1351 (BR, K); Nyamuragira, 6 Feb 1945, R. Germain 3533 (BR, K); Djugu, 26 Aug 2013, W. Robyns 3979 (BR, K). RWANDA. Gisakura, Nyungwe Forest, 1 Jul 1999, C. E. N. Ewango 2080 (BR); surroundings of Rangiro, 1700–1800 m, 13 Feb 1980, D. Bridson 395 (K); Gisakura, Nov 1974, G. Troupin 15491 (BR); Gisakura, 1975, G. Troupin 15749 (BR). BURUNDI. Ruyubu, Bujumbura Province, 14 Feb 1991, M. Arbonnier 221 (BR); Ndora, 12 Dec 1991, M. Arbonnier 297 (BR). UGANDA. wood near Kabora River, A. G. Bagshawe 169 (BM); Mabira forest, 4,000 ft, Dec 1908, E. Brown 467 (BM); Budongo forest, 3,750 ft, Sep 1935, G. & L. Hancock 14A (K); sine loc., 5,000–6,000 ft, Mar 1939, P. Chandler 2780 (K); Bunyoro District, Budongo forest, Sep 1935, W. J. Eggeling 2103 (BR, K); Kalinzu forest, West Ankole, Aug 1936, W. J. Eggeling 3223 (K); Budongo forest, Sep 1940, W. J. Eggeling 4044 (K), Kigezi: Nyebeya, Oct 1940, W. J. Eggeling 4187 (K). KENYA. sine loc., C. Bailes et al. 363 (K); Elgon, 6,000 ft, Oct 1962, E. M. Tweedie 2481 (K); Nairobi District, French mission land, 5,900 ft, 8 Mar 1933, E. R. Vapier 5215 (K); Njombeni Hills, NE of Meru, 13 Aug 1951, F. Piers 64 (K); N’gong, 1937, G. R. Cunningham-Van Someren 10 (K); Nairobi, Ngong, Apr 1943, H. Copley 28 (K); Jombeni Range, May 1942, H. Copley, 33A (K); Nairobi, Kasvra riverine forest, Apr 1925, J. B. Smart E 25 (K); Mbagathi, S of Nairobi, 1,770 m, Nov 1948, P. G. Archer s.n. (K); M’bagathi, 5,000 ft, 22 Sep 1916, W. J. Dawson 567 (K). TANZANIA. Mbulu District, headwaters of Endebash River, 14 Jun 1942, R. S. Moreau & W. M. Moreau s.n. (K); Minziro, Kagera, 1,200 m, 13 Feb 1995, T. C. E. Congdon 408 (K); Kasulu District, mile 55 on KasuluKibondo Road. Fringing forest of Malagarasi River, 4.000 ft, 3 Apr 1946, W. J. van der Burg 843 (K); Mbulu District, Tang Territ., Headwaters of Endabash River, 5,000 ft, 14 Jun 1942, W. M. Moreau 309 (K). 10. Chamaeangis gabonensis Summerh., Kew Bull. 13: 86. 1958.—TYPE: GABON. Djoua River basin, banks of Liboumba River at Kemboma, Oct 1932, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 8952 (holotype: K!; isotypes: P!, BM!). Figure 2F. Distribution—Lower Guinea Domain (Cameroon and Gabon). This species was considered endemic to Gabon (Szlachetko et al. 2004). It is recorded here for the first time from Cameroon. Additional Specimens Examined—CAMEROON. Mbolo falls, S of Dja Reserve (N of Djoum), beach near falls on way to fisherman camp, 02°52.047’N, 012°56.961’E, 3 Dec 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 705 (BRLU); 22 Dec 2003, T. Stévart & D. Pial 968 (BRLU). GABON. Estuaire, Tanne from landing stage, 00°29.5′N, 09°31’E, 15 Feb 1985, A. M. Louis 1714 (LBV, WAG); Estuaire, near Moka, Libreville Cap Esterias, A. M. Louis et al. 2648 (WAG); Oyem, 1 Oct 1997, J. P. Biteau & T. Stévart 18 (BRLU); Ntum in Kougouleu, 00°21.818’N, 09°50.181’E, 22 Apr 2002, T. Stévart & J.P. Biteau 1364 (BRLU). 11. Chamaeangis odoratissima (Rchb. f.) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 597. 1915. Angraecum odoratissimum Rchb. f., Bonplandia 4: 326. 1856. Listrostachys odoratissima (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 13: 806. 1880.—TYPE: Sine loc., Herb. Reichenbach f. 7916 (holotype: W; iconotype: K). Figure 2J. Listrostachys urostachya Kraenzl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 29. 1895. Angraecum urostachyum (Kraenzl.) Engl. in Engl. & Drude, Veg. Erde 9(II): 420. 1908. Chamaeangis urostachya (Kraenzl.) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 597. 1915.—TYPE: TANZANIA. Usambara Mts., C. Holst 4001 (holotype: B, destroyed; iconotype: K!). Listrostachys dewevrei De Wild., Not. Pl. Util. Congo 1: 145. 1903. Chamaeangis dewevrei (De Wild.) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 108. 1918.—TYPE: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO. Mabandaka, A. Dewèvre 584 (holotype: BR!; isotype: K!). Listrostachys pynaertii De Wild., Not. Pl. Util. Congo 2: 164. 1906.—TYPE: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO. Eala, L. A. Pynaert s.n. (holotype: BR!). Distribution—Widespread in tropical Africa (Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African [Volume 34 Republic, Equatorial Guinea [Rio Muni], Gabon, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Angola, and Malawi). Observations—Chamaeangis odoratissima is clearly related to C. sarcophylla from which it differs mainly by the size of its flowers and the length of the spur (Fig. 2I, J). Examination of specimens suggests that this species is variable, especially in terms of spur length, which may vary from 4–12 mm. Additional Specimens Examined—SIERRA LEONE. Kailahun District, Bunumbu, Male River, 14 Jan 1982, B. Segerback 1524 (K); Jau, near Gegbwema (Tunkia), 28 Jan 1940, F. C. Deighton 3889 (K); Ex Sefadu, in open savannah woodland, cultivated at Njala, 15 Oct 1946, F. C. Deighton 4920 (K). LIBERIA. Loffa county, between Zorzor and Voinjama, bank of Loffa River, 23 Dec 1966, J. J. Bos 2603 (K, WAG); Western Province, Vonjama District, Soplima, 31 Oct 1947, J. T. Baldwin, Jr. 10038A (K); Central Province, Sanokwele District, rock outcrop near Sanokwele, 26 Sep 1947, J. T. Baldwin, Jr. 9524 (K). IVORY COAST. Bouroukrou, 20 Dec 1906, A. J. B. Chevalier 16907 (P); Adiopodoumé, 17 km W of Abidjan, Garden of Centre Néerlandais, A. J. F. M. Dekker 332 (WAG); A. J. F. M. Dekker 435 (WAG); about 60 km N of Sassandra, left bank Davo River, E of Béyo, 05°18’N, 06°00’W, 100 m, 27 Jan 1959, A. M. J. Leeuwenberg 2585 (K); Zéqueguké forest, Nov 1971, F. Perez-Vera 144 (K); Mt. Mafa, 2 Nov 1974, F. Perez-Vera 727 (P); CULTA, Adiopodoumé, ORSTOM, Centre Néerlandais, 13 Nov 1975, J. de Koning 6114 (WAG); between Diapé and Adzopé, 28 Oct 1956, J. J. F. E. de Wilde 746 (K); sine loc., 15 Nov 1958, L. Aké Assi 4462 (K); Mt. Mafa, cultivated in Abidjan, Botanical Garden of the University, 16 Nov 1967, L. Aké Assi 9771 (K); NE of Tabou, about 4 km NW of Ménéké, 04°32’N, 07°18’W, Sep 1975, W. M. Moreau 843 (WAG). NIGERIA. sine loc., leg. D. E. S. King (K). CAMEROON. Buea, Oct 1949, C. W. Chew 11 (K); Dzangha-Sangha reserve, 45 km S of Lidjiombo, Ndakan gorilla study area, 02°21’N, 16°09’E, 350 m, 11 Nov 1988, D. J. Harris & J. M. Fay 1581 (K); Dzangha-Sangha reserve, 45 km S of Lidjiombo, Ndakan gorilla study area, 02°21’N, 16°09’E, 350 m, 11 Nov 1988, D. J. Harris & J. M. Fay 1582 (K); near Buea, H. Gregory 153A (K); Buea, 3,000 ft, 3 May 1948, H. Gregory 299 (K); station du cacaoyer de N’Koemvone, 14 km on the road from Ebolowa to Ambam, old cacao plantation with forest remnants overhead, close to European habitation, Nov 1974, J. J. F. E. de Wilde 7625 (K, YA); South Province, Campo Ma’an area, Bibabimvoto, 700 m along transect T22, 02°13.6’N, 09°56.466’E, 160 m, 15 Aug 2002, P. Tchouto et al. 3397 (WAG); Dschang, Jul 1972, R. Letouzey 11580 (K, P, YA); Dschang, 25 Jul 1972, R. Letouzey 11580 (BR, K, P, YA); near Kutin, 40 km WNW of Bamenda and 25 km NNW of Batibo, 9 Aug 1975, R. Letouzey 14207 (BR, K, P, YA); Mbolo falls, S of Dja Reserve (N of Djoum), beach near falls on way to fisherman camp, 02°52.047’N, 012°56.961’E, 9 Jul 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 437 (BRLU), T. Stévart & D. Pial 441 (BRLU), T. Stévart & D. Pial 444 (BRLU); Dja Reserve, 5 Nov 2002, T. Stévart & D. Pial 685 (BRLU); near village Ongot, near Yaoundé on Doual road, 7 Nov 1968, W. W. Sanford 5324 (YA); Edea District, Yaoundé to Douala road, near Edéa, 8 Nov 1968, W. W. Sanford 5342 (K, P). CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC. Mbaïki Region, station of Boukoko (Oubangui-Chari A.E.F.), 25 Nov 1948, C. Tisserant 1263 (BR); Boukoko, 10 Nov 1947, C. Tisserant & Leg. Equipe 448 (BM, K, P); 25 Nov 1948, C. Tisserant & Leg. Equipe 1263 (BM, P); Waka Region, Galerie Moku River, near Likundu village, 20 km NO. Alindao, 18 Nov 1927, C. Tisserant & Leg. Equipe 2357 (BM, K, P); Dzangha camp, 11 km NE of Bayanga, 02°57’N, 16°21’E, 5 Dec 1993, D. J. Harris 3912 (K); riverside of Inhobaye, 30 km S of Mbaïki, 6 Nov 1968, F. Badré 236 (P). EQUATORIAL GUINEA (RIO MUNI). Monte Chocolate 19 Sep 2001, S. Ndong Bokung & T. Stévart 424 (BRLU); Ebebiyin to Mikomesong, 33 km from Ebebiyin, 1901 ft, 13 Feb 1969, W. W. Sanford 5739 (K); near village of Mbomo, 8 miles off main road to Rio Benito, 26 Feb 1969, W. W. Sanford 6073 (K). GABON. Ogooué-Ivindo, West bank Ovindo River across c. 4 km, opposite Mayibout I, 12 km from Bélinga, 01°07.90’N, 013°06.20’E, Oct 1987, A. M. Loui et al. 2432 (LBV, WAG); Djoua. Bank of Liboumba in Kemboma 00°45’N, 013°33’E, 26 Oct 1932, G. M. P. C. Le Testu 8948 (BM, K, P); Gabon, Mt. Koum, 1 km from Kumassi village, 32 km from Oyem to Bitam, 01°49.7’N, 011°37.5′E, 25 Dec 1999, I. Parmentier & N. Nguema 1125 (BRLU); 27 Dec 1999, I. Parmentier & N. Nguema 504 (BRLU); Estuaire, Forestry brigade, of Etouk, 00°10’S, 010°15’E, 29 Sep 1983, J. J. Floret & A. M. Louis 1549 (P); inselberg, ca 28 km ESE of Medouneu, 00°55’N, 011°01’E, 3 Feb 1986, J. M. Reitsma et al. 1814 (LBV, WAG); Estuaire, 1 Sep 1997, J. P. Biteau & T. Stévart 15 (BRLU); N of Gabon, 1 Oct 1997, J. P. Biteau & T. Stévart 16 (BRLU); Woleu-Ntem, Minkébé area, River Nouma, Bank river, 01°41’N, 012°51’E, 16 Dec 1990, Minkébé Series with C. M. Wilks 620 (WAG); 2009] DROISSART ET AL.: SYNOPSIS OF CHAMAEANGIS Komo Estuary (Ramboué River), 00°03.853’N, 09°47.889’E, 4 May 2002, T. Stévart & J.P. Biteau 1400 (BRLU). CONGO, REPUBLIC OF. Parc Nat. Odzala, bank of Lékoli, 1 Jan 1995, F. Dowsett-Lemaire 1851 (BR). CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF. Kivu Province, Irangi, Hukula River, 18 Aug 1955, A. R. Christiaensen 1046 (BR); Bongo, rivière Ndai, 9 Sep 1955, C. Evrard 1775 (BR); Likimi, Mongala forest, 28 Sep 1955, C. Evrard 1869 (BR, K); Eala, F. Vermoessen 2 (BR); sine loc., H. Callens 814 (K), H. Callens 850 (K), H. Callens 854 (K), H. Callens 1164 (K); Avakubi, 11 Jan 1914, J. C. C. Bequaert 1888 (BR); Lacs Edouard et Kivu, Angi, 21 Sep 1914, J. C. C. Bequaert 5825 (BR, K); Virunga National Park, Semliki River, 19 Nov 1948, J. de Wilde 190 (BR, K); Goma, 5500 ft, Mar 1948, J. W. Purseglove 2615 (K); Eala, 15 Oct 1906, L. A. Pynaert 626 (BR); sine loc., L. A. Pynaert s.n. (BR); Dundusana, Nov 1913, M. G. Mortehan 680 (BR); sine loc., 1906, M. Laurent 1193 (BR); Eala surroundings, Jul 2005, M. Laurent 1298 (BR); Eala, Aug 1906, M. Laurent 1737 (BR, K); S of Rumangabo, 22 Jan 1945, R. Germain 3451 (BR, K); Bitale, 19 Apr 1951, R. Pierlot 142 (BR). RWANDA. Sanga, G. Delepierre 102 (BR); Gisakura, Nyungwe-Rugege Forest, 1975, G. Troupin 15689 (BR); Gisakura, 1976, G. Troupin 15776 (BR, K); Lacs Edouard et Kivu, Nyungwe, J. Babilon 259 (BR). BURUNDI. Muremera, 28 Apr 1991, M. Arbonnier 230 (BR). UGANDA. Lake George, 3,000 ft, 15 Aug 1938, A. S. Thomas 2373 (K); Butera-Bubungi path, 5,600 ft, 22 Sep 1954, E. M. Norman 236 (K); BusiaKampala Road, Jul 1938, G. R. Cunningham-Van Someren 35 (K); Bunyangabo, Toro, 6,000 ft, 1913, J. D. Snowden 104 (BM, K); Bunjaraguru at Lutoto, 4,600 ft, 22 Aug 1929, J. D. Snowden 1424 (BM, K); Toro, 5,000 ft, 26 Nov 1921, J. D. Snowden 732 (BM, K); Ishasha Gorge, Kigezi, 5,000 ft, 1 Jul 1947, J. W. Purseglove 2474 (K); sine loc., Norfolk 656 (K); Fort Portal Forest Reserve, Toro, 5,000 ft, 21 Jul 1960, S. Paulo 595 (K); Mengo, Bulemegi county, 3,800 ft, Apr 1931, Sanford (Mrs) 2164 (K); Victoria Nyanza region, 14 Jul 1914, T. D. Maitland s.n. (K); Hema section of Kibale Forest Fort Portal, Aug 1936, W. J. Eggeling 3090 (K); Ankole, Kyamahunga, Jun 1958, W. J. Eggeling 3723 (K); Ankole, Lutoto, Oct 1940, W. J. Eggeling 4112 (K). KENYA. Elgon, 6,700 ft, Oct 1931, E. M. Tweedie 24 (K); sine loc., L. M. Mason 2219 (K). TANZANIA. Ulanga District, SSW from Mahenge Station, Hululu Mts. 26 Feb 1932, H. J. Schlieben 1846 (BR, P); Amani, Research station, Sep 1910, K. Braun 3210 (K); E of Usambaras, Maramba, 4,000 ft, 16 May 1942, P. J. Greenway 6462 (K); sine loc., R. E. Moreau 694 (K); Sangarawe, 7 km NW of Amani, 2 Apr 1941, W. M. Moreau 35 (K); Maskati track, Mt. Nguru, 3,000 ft, 15 May 1973, W. M. Moreau 367 (K). ANGOLA. Mayombe. Chiluango, 1918, J. Gossweiler 6679 (BM, K). MALAWI. N Province, Nkhata Bay District, 5 miles E Muzu, 4,100 ft, 18 Feb 1978, E. Phillips 3309 (WAG); S of Vipya, 28 Feb 1981, I. la Croix 110A (K); N Province, Nkhata Bay District, 5 miles E Muzu, 25 Mar 1977, J. Pawek 12534 (BR, K, WAG). 12. Chamaeangis sarcophylla Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 597. 1915.—TYPE: TANZANIA. Rungwe District, near Kyimbila, A. Stolz 639 (syntype: B; isosyntype: K!) & Ukinga Mts., A. Stolz 2080 (syntype: B; isosyntype: BM!, P!). Figure 2I. Chamaeangis orientalis Summerh., Kew Bull. 6: 473. 1952.— TYPE: KENYA. Machakos/Masai Districts, Chyulu Hills, Bally in C. van Someren 19 (holotype: K). Distribution—Congo Domain and East Africa (Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Malawi). Observations—This species possesses the longest spur of any species in the genus Chamaeangis, up to 20 mm. Additional Specimens Examined—CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF. Lacs Edouard et Kivu, Ruwenzori, 21 May 1914, J. C. C. Bequaert 4407 (BR, K); Lacs Edouard et Kivu, Virunga National Park, Kikeri, Mt. Henu, 12 Sep 1953, W. Robyns 4089 (BR). RWANDA. Surroundings of Wisuno, Commune Gatare, Forestry Centre, 22 Feb 1980, D. Bridson 449 (K); Lacs Edouard et Kivu, Gisakura, Nyungwe-Rugege Forest, 1975, G. Troupin 15701 (BR). BURUNDI. Ndora-Gisumo, 28 Sep 1991, M. Arbonnier 249 (BR). UGANDA. Elgon, 25 Aug 1921, C. H. Lankester 25 (K); Mt. Elgon, 5,000 ft, 10 May 1924, J. D. Snowden 880 (BM, K); sine loc., J. Stewart 1297 (K). KENYA. Ngong Hills, 7,700 ft, 7 Dec 1985, B. Khayota 65 (K); NE slopes of Mt. Elgon, 7,000 ft, 1934, E. M. Tweedie 196 (K); Elgon, Suam valley, 7,000 ft, Mar 1936, E. M. Tweedie 312 (K); Sosian River, S of Elgon, 6,500 295 ft, Aug 1939, E. M. Tweedie 482 (K); 6,700 ft, 29 Jan 1957, E. M. Tweedie 559 (K); Nanyuki, W side of Mt. Kenya, Sep 1943, H. Copley 33 (K); Kericho District, Sambret-Timbilil, SW of Mau forest, Sep 1961, O. Kenfoot 2839 (K); Chyulu Hills, N-slope, 4,500–5,200 ft, 19 Apr 1938, P. R. O. Bally 192 (K); 19 Apr 1938, P. R. O. Bally 196 (K); Londiani District, Nyanza Province, Tinderet Forest Reserve, camp I, 00°05’S, 35°27’E, 16 Jun 1949, R. A. Maas Geesteranus 4997 (BR, K); Kisumu/Londiani District, Nyanza Province, Tinderet Forest Reserve, 2 Jul 1949, R. A. Maas Geesteranus 5344 (BR, K); Mt. Kenya, above Nanyuki, 7,600 ft, 19 Jun 1943, W. M. Moreau 676 (K). TANZANIA. Iringa District, Mufindi, 2,000 m, 3 Mar 1989, E. de Leyser 247 (K); Tanganyika Territory, Weru-weru gorge moshi, 5,000 ft, 20 Jul 1949, G. B. Wallace 608A (K); Nsanga, Rungwe T7, 5,000 ft, 30 May 1974, G. P. Leedal 1874 (K); W of Mufindi, 08°40’S, 35°10’E, 6,000 ft, 19 Mar 1944, H. W. D Pollock 804 (K); Mt. Meru, 5,000–8,000 ft, 21 Apr 1940, J. H. Vaughan 3031 (K); Arusha District, Mt. Meru Forest, 1,980 m, 20 Mar 1957, L. Saska 52A (K); Mazumbi Forest Reserve, S boundary near Mazumbi-Bumbuli road, 5,000 ft, 23 Apr 1981, L. Tanner 260A (K); sine loc., L. Tanner 184 (K); 88 km from Dar es Salaam on Morogoro Road. T6, 800 ft, 21 Jan 1976, P. J. Cribb & C. Grey-Wilson 10298 (K); on track to road leading from Lake at Marangu westwards, 5,500 ft, 1 Feb 1976, P. J. Cribb & C. Grey-Wilson 10512 (K); on ridge, W of Lufirio River. Livingstone Forest Reserve of Kandete, 6,800 ft, 8 Feb 1976, P. J. Cribb & C. Grey-Wilson 10639 (K); at the end of car track to Ngoni Crater, 6,500 ft, 21 Feb 1976, P. J. Cribb & C. Grey-Wilson 10819 (K); Iringa District, Mufini, Kigogo River, 1,950 m, 16 Feb 1979, P. J. Cribb & C. Grey-Wilson 11449 (K); Tanganyika, R. E. Moreau 443 (K); Kigogo Forest Reserve, 08°40’S, 35°15’E, 1,870 m, 25 Jan 1989, R. Gereau et al. 2952 (K, MO); Iringa District, Mufini, Kigogo River, 12 Mar 1962, R. M. Polhill & S. Paulo 1794 (BR, K); Tanganyika Territory, Weru-weru gorge moshi, 4,600 ft, 14 Mar 1942, V. Harris 140 (K); Mufindi forest station, 6,000 ft, Mar 1936, W. J. A. Ria 63 (BM); Weru-Weru Gorge, near Moshi, 20 Jul 1943, W. M. Moreau 608 (K). MALAWI. North Region, Misuku Hills, Mugesse Forest, 1,600–1,800 m, 1 Mar 1983, F. Dowsett-Lemaire 661 (K). Excluded Taxa Chamaeangis gracilis (Thouars) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 426. 1915. Observations—The type specimen is incomplete, but does not correspond to any known Chamaengis taxon and should be considered a species of Angraecum Bory (Droissart et al. unpubl. results). Acknowledgments. We express our sincere gratitude to Professor Jean Lejoly, Université Libre de Bruxelles, for his support and hospitality in his laboratory; Daniel Geerinck for Latin translation and helpful discussion; Dr Phillip Cribb, former Head of the Orchid Herbarium at K, for helping us to identify Chamaeangis specimens; Dr Porter P. Lowry, Head of the Africa & Madagascar Department of the Missouri Botanical Garden; and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. We are also grateful to J. P. Biteau, who holds the richest collection of orchids in Gabon, for allowing us to collect specimens from living plants in his garden. The Directors of BM, BR, K, P, LBV, WAG, and YA are gratefully acknowledged. Surveys carried out in Africa were funded by the ECOFAC Program (EC–DG8), DIVEAC (CUD–ULB) and the CUREF Project, the Leopold III Funds, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) and the Central Africa Regional Program of the Environment (CARPE). The research position currently held by I. Parmentier is funded by the Wiener-Anspach Foundation. Herbarium visits of V. Droissart in Kew, Paris and Wageningen were funded by the European Commission’s Research Infrastructure action via the SYNTHESYS Project (applications FR–TAF–2418 and NL–TAF–1611) and by the FNRS. Literature Cited Carlsward, B. S., M. W. Whitten, N. H. Williams, and B. Bytebier. 2006a. Molecular phylogenetics of Vandeae (Orchidaceae) and the evolution of leaflessness. American Journal of Botany 93: 770–786. Carlsward, B. S., W. L. Stern, and B. Bytebier. 2006b. 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