Systematics, evolution and historical
biogeography of the family Ochnaceae with
emphasis on the genus Campylospermum
Pulcherie Bissiengou
Thesis committee
Promotor
Prof. Dr M.S.M. Sosef
Professor of Biosystematics
Wageningen University
Co-promotors
Dr L.W. Chatrou
Assistant professor, Biosystematics Group
Wageningen University
Dr L. Ngok Banak
Assistant professor
Institute de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-Gabon)
Other members
Prof. Dr L. Poorter, Wageningen University
Prof. Dr P.C. van Welzen, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden
Dr R.H.J. Erkens, Maastricht University
Dr R. van Velzen, Wageningen University
This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School Production
Ecology & Resource Conservation
Systematics, evolution and historical
biogeography of the family Ochnaceae with
emphasis on the genus Campylospermum
Pulcherie Bissiengou
Thesis
ϐ
at Wageningen University
ϐ
Prof. Dr M.J. Kropff,
in the presence of the
Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board
to be defended in public
on Friday 19 December 2014
at 4 p.m. in the Aula.
Chapter 3
Taxonomic revision of the
continental African species of
Campylospermum Tiegh. (Ochnaceae)
P. Bissiengou 1,2, L. W. Chatrou 2, L. N. Banak 3 and M. S.M. Sosef 4
1
Herbier National du Gabon (IPHAMETRA-CENAREST), B.P. 1156, Libreville, Gabon.
osy
group, Wage
gen University,
ty, PO Box 647,
47, NL-6708
-67 PB, Wageningen,
geningen, The
Biosystematics
Wageningen
Netherlands.
3
Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropical (IRET-CENAREST), B.P. 13345, Libreville, Gabon.
4
Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium.
2
Manuscript in preparation
3.1 Introduction
͵Ǥͳ
3
ǤͶͲ
Introduction
The genus Campylospermum Tiegh. comprises some 55 species occurring in the African
and Asian tropics. Continental Africa harbours 48 species distributed from Senegal to
Ethiopia in the North and from Angola to northern Zambia in the South. Madagascar is
ϐ ȋͳͻͶͳǡͳͻͷͳȌ
ones. Two species are found in South and South East Asia, one from India to Sri Lanka
and one from Hainan and the Philippines to Indonesia. The highest species diversity is
ϐ ǡ
the Congo (White 1979, 1983) where more than half of the species occur. This situation
corroborates the high botanical species-richness of that region (Linder 2001; Mutke et
al. 2001; Küper et al. 2004; Sosef et al. 2006; Estrella de la et al. 2012; Linder et al. 2012)
which, contrastingly, remains one of the world’s most poorly studied regions (Campbell
and Hammond 1989).
͵Ǥʹ position of Campylospermum within the
family Ochnaceae
Campylospermum belongs to the family Ochnaceae. Many authors who treated the
family recognised different subdivisions. Candolle (1811) had a narrow family concept
and recognized only three genera: Ochna L., Gomphia Schreb. and Walkera Schreb.
Candolle (1824) added the genera Elvasia DC. and Castela Turpin, previously placed
with doubts in Ochnaceae and Simaroubaceae respectively (Turpin 1806; Candolle
1811). His distinction between the genera was mainly based on the characteristics of
ϐǤ Campylospermum have initially been
placed in Gomphia. That genus used to accomodate all Ochnaceae–Ourateeae species
ϐ Ochna (hence with carpels becoming free in
fruit). But, Baillon (1867) found out that the older name Ouratea Aubl. was applicable
Gomphia were transferred to Ouratea (e.g. Engler
1876). Later, some Old World genera were segregated from Ouratea, among which
Campylospermum Tiegh. (Bittrich and Amaral 1994).
Planchon (1846) subdivided the family into three tribes: Gomphieae, Euthemideae and
Luxemburgieae. Within the genus Gomphia he recognised two sections: Eugomphia in
the New World and Gomphiastrum in the Old World. Those sections were based on the
morphology of the stipules being either intra-axillary and fused (Gomphiastrum) or
extra-axillary and free (Eugomphia).
Engler (1876) also recognised those sections and extensively studied the New World
species of Ouratea which he, like Planchon, included in the section Eugomphia. Gilg
(1893) in his treatment of the family, continued using the name Ouratea instead of
3.2 Delimitation and position of Campylospermum within the family Ochnaceae
Gomphia following Engler (1876). He also recognized two sections, though he called
these Neoouratea (New World) and Palaeoouratea (Old World), which he later on (Gilg
1925) raised to subgeneric level.
The next milestone in the delimitation and subdivision of the Ochnaceae was the work
of Van Tieghem (1902b, 1902c, 1902a, 1903). He mostly focussed on anatomical and
additional morphological characters that had not been taken into consideration by
previous authors. His subdivision of the family was based on leaf anatomical characters,
ϐ ǡ
morphology (mainly shape and position of the embryo and cotyledons). He divided the
Ochnaceae into two subfamilies: Ochnoideae and Elvasioideae. He then subdivided the
subfamily Ochnoideae into two tribes: Ourateeae and Ochneae. The tribe Ourateeae
was, in turn, divided into two subtribes which he called Orthosperminae (America)
and Campylosperminae (Africa, Madagascar and Asia). Those subtribes are identical
with Gilg’s (1925) subgenera Neoouratea and Palaeoouratea within the genus Ouratea.
Although Van Tieghem’s contribution to the understanding of the family was of great
value, he introduced an exceptionally narrow concept of genera and species. He
ϐȋͳͻͲʹȌǡ
ϐǡ ϐ ͳͻͲ ȋ
1907). The present-day Campylospermum species were scattered across seven genera,
and those of the genus Ochna for example across 15 (Callmander and Phillipson 2012).
His views were followed by only few authors. Gilg (1925), although being critical about
Van Tieghem’s species and genus concept, largely agreed with the major subdivisions
at higher levels.
Kanis (1968), accepted Engler’s main division (1874) into Exalbuminosae and
Albuminosae as two distinct subfamilies named Ochnoideae and Sauvagesioideae
respectively. Within the Ochnoideae Kanis recognized the tribes Ochneae and Elvasieae
and divided the tribe Ochneae into the subtribes Ochninae and Ourateinae. The latter
two had previously been recognized by Van Tieghem at the level of tribes.
Finally, Amaral (1991) and Amaral and Bittrich (2014) agreed with the concept to
distinguished three subfamilies: the Luxemburgioideae, the Sauvagesioideae and the
Ochnoideae. They followed Kanis in the subdivision of the latter subfamily into two
tribes, Ochneae and Elvasieae, and the recognition of the subtribes Ochninae and
Ourateinae. At present, the latter subtribe comprises four genera (see below).
3
ǤͶͳ
3.3 Taxonomic history of the genus Campylospermum
͵Ǥ͵ Taxonomic history of the genus Campylospermum
3
ǤͶʹ
ϐ Campylospermum that were discovered were described as members
of the genus Gomphia (Candolle 1811, 1824; Planchon 1846; Oliver 1868). The number
of species steadily rose: De Candolle (1811) mentioned three species, Planchon (1846)
ǡȋͳͺͺȌǡȋͳͺͶȌ ȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǤǡ
were transferred to the genus Ouratea subgenus Palaeoouratea section Gomphiastrum
(Engler 1874; Gilg 1893a). It was notably Farron (1963, 1965; 1967; 1968, 1985) who,
after the extensive splitting of Van Tieghem (see above), restructured the genus Ouratea
and created the present situation with four distinct genera in the subtribe Ourateinae:
Ouratea Aubl. (±200 species), Idertia Farron (1 species), Rhabdophyllum Tiegh. (8
species) and Campylospermum Tiegh. (± 55 species) (Farron 1963; Kanis 1968; Farron
1985; Sastre 1988; Sastre 2003; Sosef 2008, 2013). This subtribe is characterized
ͳͲ ϐǡ
receptacle that becomes reddish and swollen in fruit. The genus Ouratea is restricted
to the New World tropics, the genus Campylospermum, Idertia, and Rhabdophyllum are
ǡ ϐ ǤOuratea
is distinct from the rest by having caducous sepals (not persistent and accrescent ones
as in the other three genera) and free, extra-axillary stipules (fused and intra-axillaty
in the others). Idertia shares having a straight embryo and cotyledons with Ouratea,
reason why Farron (1968) considered Idertia to represents the most primitive African
genus of which Rhabdophyllum and Campylospermum are derived. Rhabdophyllum
ϐ Campylospermum mostly because of its dense, straight
ϐ
interlock with the margin of the adjacent sepal in bud (Sosef 2008, 2013).
There has been some confusion as to the correct generic name for the African and Asian
species of Campylospermum, when they are seen as generically distinct from their New
World relatives. While some authors used the name Ouratea Aubl. for all Old and New
World species (Gilg 1893; De Wildeman 1920; Gilg 1925; Hutchinson et al. 1954; Robson
1963), others placed the Old World species in either a distinct genus using the name
Gomphia Schreb. (Kanis 1967, 1968; Kanis 1972; Kanis 1973; Kanis 1987; Nicolson et
al. 1988; Verdcourt 2005) or Campylospermum (Farron 1968, 1985; Sosef et al. 2007;
Bissiengou and Sosef 2008; Bissiengou et al. 2013). These nomenclatural issues were
ϐ Ǥ Ƭ
Amaral (1994) rendering the name Gomphia a full synonym of Ouratea which has its
type species in the New World.
Campylospermum has about 55 species occurring in continental Africa, Madagascar,
extending east to China and the Malesian region (Bissiengou et al. 2013). Despite of
the many individual contributions, the African species of Campylospermum have not
3.3 Taxonomic history of the genus Campylospermum
been fully revised after Gilg (1925), although notably Farron (1963, 1965, 1968, 1985),
Bamps & Farron (1967), Robson (1963), Verdcourt (2005) and others published useful
parts for such a revisionary work of the continental species.
Farron (1968) kept some of van Tieghem’s genera as sections within Campylospermum.
He based his arrangement of six sections mainly on the shape and position of embryo
and cotyledons: cotyledons being either of similar size and incumbent (section
Notocampylum, Diphyllopodium) or accumbent (section Campylospermum and
Cercanthemum), or being dissimilar in size and incumbent (section Monelasmum)
or accumbent (section Campylospermum). The more derived species of the genus
Rhabdophyllum tend to have heterocotyledonous embryos while the primitive ones
have isocotyledonous ones (Farron 1985). Species of Idertia have cotyledons that are
similar in size, straight and accumbent. Finally, Farron’s sixth section, Bisetaria, is
based upon the distinct close leaf venation and linear, free stipules of the species C.
lecomtei ȋǤȌ Ǥϐǡ
distinction is generally based on characteristics of the leaf shape and venation as well
ϐ Ǥ ǡ
ϐ Ǧ Ǥ
To evaluate Farron’s sectional arrangement, the cotyledon type was studied for each
species. The results proved not to be consistent with Farron’s observations because
different types of cotyledons were present within a section. For example, within the
section Diphyllopodium, according to Farron characterized by accumbent cotyledons of
similar size, those of C. subcordatum proved to be dissimilar in size with a small outer
cotyledon. Furthermore, the species pairs C. auriculatum and C. schoenleinianum as well
as C. klainei and C. mannii are morphologically highly similar but differ in cotyledon
type, and would hence have to be grouped in different sections. Finally, the results of
molecular work undertaken at the moment (Chapter 5) shows a phylogenetic tree with
low resolution at species level. However, in the cases where species of Campylospermum
are grouped, they do not follow Farron’s sectional arrangement, except for the species
of section Cercanthemum, which are grouped (0.99 posterior probabilities) along with
species occurring in Madagascar. The above suggests that cotyledon type is a fairly
unstable character, less suitable to be used for sectional delimitation. Because of this,
we conclude that Farron’s sections do not provide a natural grouping, and we decided
not to retain any sectional arrangement in the current study.
3
ǤͶ͵
3.4 Uses
͵ǤͶ Uses
Plants of Campylospermum ϐǡ
ϐǡ
(Burkill 1997). Being shrubs or small trees, only few are useful as timber (Burkill 1997),
but a fair number have medicinal properties (Neuwinger 2000). In Liberia, the saplings
of C. squamosum are used to bind the drum-head onto hollow log drums while the bark
or pounded leaves are used in poultices to relieve body pain (Burkill 1997; Oyen 2012).
͵Ǥͷ Seed dispersal
3
p.44
The mericarps are green or red when immature and red to black and shiny in mature
state. The black ones are often contrasting with the red sepals and receptacle and as
such represent a typical syndrome suggesting dispersal is by birds (Van der Pijl 1982),
although no reports of direct observations are known to us.
͵Ǥ Conservation
Our knowledge of the conservation status of many Campylospermum species is still
limited. Some of them are known from only very few scattered collections, whereas
others are known from only a very restricted area. Therefore, it was decided to add a
preliminary assessment of the IUCN conservation status of each species based on the
locality data of the herbarium specimens studied.
͵Ǥ Materials and Methods
͵ǤǤͳ
Taxonomy
This revision is based on herbarium material either received on loan from or studied
during visits to the following herbaria: A, AAU, B, BAS, BATA, BENIN, BR, BRLU, BM, BUC,
C, CNSF, COI, CSRS, E, EA, EPU, FBC, FHO, FI, FR, G, GENT, GC, GH, HBG, IAGB, IEC, IFAN,
IG, K, KIS, KRIBI, L, LAMTO, LD, LBV, LIB, LISU, LISC, LMA, LUA, LY, M, MA, MAKOK, MHU,
ǡǡ ǡ ǡ ǡǡ ǡǡǡ ǡǡǡǡ ǡ ǡ ǡǡ
ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ȋʹͲͳʹȌǤ ǡ ϐ
observations were made during expeditions in Gabon and Cameroon (2009–2010). In
total, about 5000 herbarium specimens were studied for this revision.
Furthermore, targeted searches to locate type specimens were performed using
websites such as the Aluka African Plant Initiative Database (ǣȀȀǤǤȀ
Ȁ ȀǤ), the JSTOR Plant Science (ǣȀȀǤǤȀ) and the
GBIF portal (ǣȀȀǤǤȀ).
3.7 Materials and Methods
All specimen data were entered into the BRAHMS (Botanical Research and Herbarium
Management System) database of the National Herbarium of the Netherlands (now part
of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center). From this database specimen citation lists were
generated for each taxon.
ǡ
applied (Vogel 1987). Taxa were treated as being distinct at species level when they
Ǥ
Ȁ
ϐǤ ǡ Ǥ ǡ
the terminology used in the species description is based on (Stearn 1992) and (Harris
and Harris 2001).
͵ǤǤʹ
Locality data of all specimens was geo-referenced. To produce distribution maps for
each species, BRAHMS was used in combination with ArcView 3.3 software (ESRI 2002).
Only specimens with accuracy of 15 arcmin or less were used to produce the maps.
To perform a preliminary assessment of the IUCN category of threat for each species, the
BRAHMS software in combination with ArcView 3.3 (ESRI 2002) and the IUCN Red List
add-in script developed by Moat (2007) were used. The latter calculates the AOO (area
of occupancy), EOO (extent of occurrence) and number of localities for each species. The
threat category of each individual species was assessed by evaluating the EOO or AOO
ȋ ʹͲͳ͵Ȍ ϐ
following the IUCN guidelines (Subcommittee 2013). To estimate the AOO and EOO, an
appropriate cell size was generated for each individual species. The IUCN guidelines
advise to have a cell width of 2 km, but this is not deemed useful when working with
herbarium records (Moat 2007). Instead we applied a sliding cell size, as advised by and
ǦȋʹͲͲȌǤ ǡǮ ǯϐ
single grid cell. Projected continuing decline of a species either in terms of geographic
range (AOO, EOO) or of subpopulation was assessed by determining the presence of
Ȁ Ǧ
activities or other relevant threats. The location of protected areas was obtained using
the World Database on Protected Areas (ǣȀȀǤ Ǥ).
͵ǤǤ͵
Genus treatment
Campylospermum Tiegh.
J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 35-40 (Febr. 1902); Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 8: 215 (Apr. 1902); J.
Bot. (Morot) 16: 196-197 (June 1902); Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 193-296 (Dec. 1902);
Farron, Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse 73: 202 (1963); H.Perrier, Fl. Madag. 133 Ochnacees: 2-18
3
ǤͶͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
(1951); Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 393 (1965); Bamps & Farron, Fl. Congo
Belge, Ochnaceae: 32 (1967); Farron, Candollea 23: 177-228 (1968); Farron, Bot. Helv.
95: 59-72 (1985). – Type species: Campylospermum dybovskii Tiegh.
Gomphia Schreb., Gen. Pl. ed. 8, 1: 291 (1789), pro parte (excl. the type); P.Beauv., Fl.
ʹȋͳʹȌǣʹʹǡǤʹȋͳͺͳͲȌǢǡǤǤǡ ǣ͵ͻͺȋͳͺͳͳȌǢ ǡ
London J. Bot. 24: 593(1846); Oliver, Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 319-322 (1868); Kanis, Taxon 16:
420 (1967); Blumea 16: 51 (1968); Rev. Fl. Ceylon 6: 251 (1988); Amaral & Bittrich,
Taxon 43: 89-93 (1994); Verdc., Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 43-52 (2005). – Type
species: Gomphia zeylanicaȋǤȌǤؠGomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kanis.
3
ǤͶ
Ouratea Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane: 397 (1775), nom. cons., pro parte (excl. the type); Engl.
ƬǤǡǤϐǤǤͳǡ ǡǣͻǦͺͳȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǢǤǡǤǤǤ ǤǤ
8: 208-218 (Jan. 1902); Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 231-275 (1904); De Wild., Rev. Zool.
Afr. VII, Suppl. Bot.: B42-B71 (1920); Farron, Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse 73: 196-217; Amaral
& Bittrich, Taxon 43: 89-93 (1994). Type species: Ouratea guianensis Aubl.
Bisetaria Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 44 (Feb. 1902). – Type species: Bisetaria lecomtei
ǤؠCampylospermum lecomtei (Tiegh.) Farron.
Cercanthemum Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 198 (June 1902). – Type species:
Cercanthemum sacleuxiiǤؠCampylospermum sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Farron.
Notocampylum Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 199 (June 1902). – Type species: Notocampylum
manniiȋǤȌǤؠCampylospermum mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh.
Diphyllopodium Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 200 (June 1902). – Type species:
Diphyllopodium klaineiǤؠCampylospermum klainei (Tiegh.) Farron.
Spongopyrena Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 201 (June 1902). – Type species: Spongopyrena
elongataȋǤȌǤؠCampylospermum elongata (Oliv.) Tiegh.
Monelasmum Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902). – Type species: Monelasmum
reticulatumȋǤǤȌǤؠCampylospermum reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Farron.
Exomicrum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338 (Dec. 1902) & Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist.
Nat. 8: 547 (Dec. 1902). – Type species: Exomicrum glaberrimum ȋǤǤȌ Ǥ ؠ
Campylospermum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Farron.
Trees, treelets or shrubs, monocaulous or with branched stem, glabrous. Stipules
intrapetiolar, caducous or persistent, fused or rarely free (C. lecomtei), triangular to
linear. Leaves sessile or petiolate; petiole often wrinkled; leaf blade often coriaceous,
with entire to serrate margin, often decurrent onto the petiole; venation: main lateral
veins well-spaced or rarely numerous and dense (C. lecomtei), slightly to strongly
curved up to run subparallel to the margin or rarely straight (C. lecomtei), secondary
lateral veins not reaching the margin, tertiary venation scalariform, sometimes reticulate
3.7 Materials and Methods
towards the midrib or rarely reticulate, distinct to indistinct. ϔ terminal
or rarely axillary, generally composed of sessile to subsessile cymules arranged
in racemes ǡ ͳΫʹ ϐǢ
pairwise scales at the base of peduncle present or absent. Flower: bracts caducous or
persistent; pedicel articulated above the base, part below the articulation persistent;
ͷǡ ǡ ϐǡ persistent, accrescent
and turning red in fruit; petals 5, contort, longer than the sepals, yellow or rarely
whitish or orange, cuneate or rarely shortly unguiculate a base; ͳͲ, in two
ǡ ǡ ϐ ǡ much shorter than the anthers, generally less than 1
mm long, usually persistent, anthers yellow, narrowly to very narrowly pear-shaped,
transversely wrinkled, poricidal, caducous; carpels 5, fused below but eventually free
in fruit, 1-ovulate; style 1, slender, gynobasic, bent outward, stigma terminal, small.
Fruit: ϐάϐǦǡ; 1 to 5 well developed
drupelets per fruit, reniform to ellipsoid or almost globose, passing through green
or red to black at maturity; cotyledons incumbent or accumbent, curvedǡ
strongly dissimilar in size.
A genus of about 55 species, 48 of which are widely distributed in tropical Africa (see
ͳȌǡϐ ǡʹ Ǧ
from India to Sri Lanka, Hainan, and the Philippines to Indonesia.
ͳ. Distribution of the African Campylospermum
͵ǤǤͶ
1.
Key to the continental African species of Campylospermum
- Monocaulous trees, hence with unbranched stem; leaves crowded at the end of
the stem (collecting litter); leaf blade 17-70(-90) cm long, narrowly spathulate
to narrowly elliptic-obovate or rarely narrowly elliptic; tertiary venation
3
ǤͶ
3.7 Materials and Methods
perpendicular to the main laterals
2
- Shrubs or trees with branched stem; leaves well-spaced along the twigs; leaf
blade generally 4-95 cm long, (very) narrowly elliptic to (very) narrowly obovate
or elliptic to obovate; tertiary venation usually perpendicular to the midrib
7
ʹǤ
3
ǤͶͺ
Ǧ ϐ ǡʹǦͷ ͵
Ǧ ϐ ͷ
͵Ǥ
Ǧ ϐ ǡ ǡʹǦͷ
racemes; leaf base broadly cuneate to cordate
4
Ǧ ϐ ǡ ͳǦͷ Ǣ
auriculate
C. amplectens
ͶǤ
Ǧ ϐ ǡ ǡ
racemes of up to 1.5 cm long
C. duparquetianum
Ǧ ϐ ʹǦͷ ȋ͵ǦȌͳ͵ǦʹͺȋǦ͵ͷȌ ǡ
top of a long peduncle carrying two leafy bracts at the apex
C. subcordatum
ͷǤ
Ǧ ϐǡǦǡʹ͵ǦͲȋǦͺ͵Ȍ C. elongatum
Ǧ ϐǡͺǦʹͷȋǦ͵ʹȌ
Ǥ
7.
ͺǤ
9.
Ǧ ϐ ǡ ͵ǦͶ Ǣ ʹ
subopposite reduced leaves or leafy bracts at the base
C. klainei
Ǧ ϐ ǡ C. mannii
- Leaf base auriculate to cordate; leaf blade with 16-30 main lateral veins
8
- Leaf base attenuate to cuneate or slightly cordate, rarely cordate but then leaves
with 30-50 main lateral veins
9
Ǧ ͳǦͳͻǢϐ ͳʹǦͳͷȋǦͳͺȌ Ǣ
ǦͺϐǡͻǦͳͲǢ ǡ
ȋ ȌC. auriculatum
Ǧ ʹͲǦ͵ͲǢϐ ȋͳͲǦȌͳʹǦʹȋǦ͵ͻȌ Ǣ
ͷǦ ϐǡ Ǧ Ǣ
(West Africa)
C. schoenleinianum
- Leaf margin spinose-serrate, at least in the apical half
- Leaf margin entire to serrulate or serrate
10
11
10. - Leaf blade (3-)5-8(-9) cm wide, with 11-25 main lateral veins 5-25 mm apart;
cotyledons dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon; stipules 4-5 mm long
3.7 Materials and Methods
(West and Central Africa)
Ǥϔ
- Leaf blade (1.5-)2-3(-4.5) cm wide, with 3-12 main lateral veins 15-30(-70) mm
apart; cotyledons similar in size; stipules 2-3 mm long (Tanzania, Zambia and
south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo)
C. lunzuense
ͳͳǤ Ǧ ϐ ǡ Ǣ ϐ ȋ
Tanzania)
12
Ǧ ϐ ǡ Ǣ
ϐϐ ͳ͵
12. - Leaf blade (4-)6-10(-13) cm wide, with an acute to acuminate apex; peduncle
(7-)9-28(-39) cm long; tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the main
lateral veins
C. sacleuxii
- Leaf blade (2-)3-5(-7) cm wide, with an obtuse to rounded apex; peduncle
3-15 cm long; tertiary venation reticulate, except for a few scalariform veinlets,
perpendicular to the midrib
Ǥ ϔ
ͳ͵Ǥ Ǧ ȋȀεͺȌǡ
low as 4.5 but then midrib running through a gully
14
Ǧ ȋȀ δ Ȍǡ
prominent on upper side, ratio always lower than 7
15
14. - Leaf blade with curved, well-spaced main lateral veins; stipules narrowly
ǡ Ǥ͵Ǣϐ C. louisii
- Leaf blade with straight and closely spaced main lateral veins; stipules linear,
ͷǦͳ͵Ǣϐ C. lecomtei
15. - Leaf blade with 0-7 main lateral veins, up to 10(-14) x 2(-3) cm
16
- Leaf blade with (7-)9-more main lateral veins, generally longer and broader 17
16. - Leaf blade with 4-7 main lateral veins and acute apex; racemes 3-6(-9) cm
long
C. glomeratum
- Leaf blade with 0-2(-5) main lateral veins, the very apex apiculate; racemes 1-3
cm long
C. paucinervatum
ͳǤ Ǧ ǡȋʹͶǦȌʹͺǦͶͷȋǦͷ͵ȌȋͺǦȌͳͳǦͳͶȋǦͳȌ ǢϐͻǦͳͲ
x 6-7 mm, strongly enlarged in fruit to (20-)25-30(-35) x (10-)13-20(-25) mm
(southern Cameroun and northern Gabon)
C. umbricola
Ǧ ǢϐͶǡ
mm (tropical Africa)
18
3
p.49
3.7 Materials and Methods
18. - Leaf blade distinctly bullate
- Leaf blade not or sometimes slightly bullate
19
25
19. - Stipules 14-17 mm long; leaf blade with tertiary venation indistinct on both
Ǣϐ ǡʹǦͶ ǡǡ ͳǦʹ
apart
C. longestipulatum
- Stipules 2-13(-25) mm long; leaf blade with tertiary venation distinct, at least on
Ǣϐ ǡȋͳǦȌ͵Ǧ ǡ
η͵ʹͲ
3
ǤͷͲ
ʹͲǤ Ǧ ϐ ǡǡ ϐ
ͳͲǢǦͳͲʹǦͶϐǡͻǦͳʹ͵Ǧʹͳ
Ǧ ϐ ǡ ǡ
ϐ ͳͲǦʹͲǡϐ
ͷǦͳǤͷǦʹϐǦͺʹǦ͵ʹʹ
21. - Leaf blade with distinctly prominent midrib above, 10-16 main lateral veins
on either side and scalariform tertiary veins running perpendicular to the
midrib
C. sulcatum
Ǧ ϐ ǡ ͳͶǦʹ
side and scalariform tertiary veins running perpendicular to the main
laterals
C. gabonense subsp. australe
ʹʹǤ Ǧ ϐ ͳǦ͵
ǢϐͶǦͷ Ǣ͵ǦͶϐǡ Ǥͷ
long in fruit
C. descoingsii
Ǧ ϐ ǡ ǡ
and sepals longer
23
23. - Leaf blade with tertiary venation very distinct and prominent on both surfaces;
ϐ C. excavatum
- Leaf blade with tertiary venation indistinct to distinct but never prominent;
ϐ ʹͶ
ʹͶǤ Ǧ ϐ ʹǦ Ǣ ǡ
fairly distinct below; pedicels articulated at 2-4 mm from the base; cotyledons
accumbent, similar in size
C. calanthum
Ǧ ϐ ͲǦ͵ Ǣ
surfaces; pedicels articulated at 1-2 mm from the base; cotyledons incumbent,
dissimilar in size
C. claessensii
3.7 Materials and Methods
25. - Leaf blade with rounded to cordate base; each pedicel supported by c. 3 tiny
bracts
C. oliveri
- Leaf blade with attenuate to cuneate base, rarely rounded but then each pedicel
supported by only 1 tiny bract
26
26. - Leaf glaucous (greyish) above when dry; plants either with a pendulous
ϐ ǡȋͶȋǦȌ
Ȍϐ ͵ǦͶʹ
Ǧ Ǣϐ Ǧʹͺ
ʹǤ Ǧ ϐ ǡǡȋͻǦȌͳͷǦ͵͵ C. glaucifolium
Ǧ ϐ ǦǡǡȋͳǦȌʹǦͶȋǦȌ C. glaucum
ʹͺǤ Ǧ ϐ ͳǦʹǡͶ ǡ
the base, dense
29
Ǧ ϐ ǡ Ͷ ǡ͵͵
29. - Leaf blade slightly bullate (main lateral veins in a shallow depression)
30
Ǧ ϐ͵ʹ
͵ͲǤ Ǧ ϐ
parallel veinlets; pedicels articulating at the very base; cotyledons similar in
size
C. congestum
- Leaf blade with tertiary venation with more widely spaced parallel veinlets;
ηʹǢ
size
31
31. - Leaf blade (6-)9-17(-21) x (2-)3-6(-7) cm, with tertiary scalariform veinlets
running perpendicular to the midrib, 10-16 main lateral veins on either side;
pedicels articulating at 2-3 mm from the base
C. sulcatum
- Leaf blade 16-30(-35) x 6-10(-11) cm, with tertiary scalariform veinlets running
perpendicular to the main laterals, 14-27 main lateral veins on either side;
pedicels articulating at 3-9 mm from the base
C. gabonense subsp. australe
32. - Leaf blade (5-)7-14 x (1.5-)2-4 cm, with 10-14 main lateral veins on either side;
pedicels articulating at 1-2 mm from the base
C. cabrae
- Leaf blade 16-30(-35) x 6-10(-11) cm, with 14-27 main lateral veins on either side;
pedicels articulating at 3-9 mm from the base
C. gabonense subsp. gabonense
33. - Leaf blade with main lateral veins indistinct to at most slightly prominent above,
tertiary venation indistinct above
34
3
Ǥͷͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
- Leaf blade with main lateral veins prominent above, tertiary venation distinct
above
36
34. - Leaf blade (3-)5-16 x (1.5-)2-6 cm; twigs with pale brownish bark C. glaberrimum
- Leaf blade (11-)16-32(-40) x (3-)5-9(-12) cm; twigs with dark coloured bark
35
͵ͷǤ Ǧ Ǣϐ
with ascending racemes
Ǥϔ
Ǧ Ǣϐ
racemes
C. dybowski
3
Ǥͷʹ
36. - Petiole (5-)10-20(-25) mm long; leaf blade decurrent onto the petiole or leaf
margin thickened and recurved
37
- Petiole (0-)2-7(-10) mm long; leaf blade not decurrent onto the petiole and leaf
margin not thickened and recurved
38
37. - Leaf blade not decurrent onto the petiole, margin thickened and recurved;
racemes erecto-patent to horizontal, (2-)5-9(-14) cm long
C. laeve
- Leaf blade decurrent onto the petiole, margin not thickened nor recurved;
racemes horizontal, (3-)8-23(-40) cm long
C. engama
38
- Leaf margin sharply serrate
- Leaf margin entire to serrulate
39
40
39. - Leaf blade coriaceous, with 9-12 main lateral veins on either side
C. andongense
- Leaf blade papyraceous, with 12-17 main lateral veins on either side C. bukobensis
40. - Leaf blade dark brown when dry, with blunt to rounded apex, tertiary venation
distinctly reticulate throughout the leaf
C. lutambense
- Leaf blade greenish to reddish brown when dry, with acute to acuminate apex,
tertiary venation scalariform at least in the marginal zone
41
41. - Pedicels articulated at (4-)6-10 mm from the base; racemes slender and
wiry
C. nutans
- Pedicel articulated at 1-6 mm from the base; racemes fairly stout
42
ͶʹǤ Ǧ ǡ ϐ Ǣ
ϐ ͶǦͺȋǦͳʹȌ C. occidentale
Ǧ Ǣϐ ȋ͵ǦȌͷǦ Ͷ͵
Ͷ͵Ǥ Ǧ ϐͶͶ
- Peduncle cylindrical
45
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͶͶǤ Ǧ ϐ ϐǢ ͵Ǧǡǡ
articulated at 1-2 mm from the base
C. costatum
Ǧ ϐ Ǣ Ǧͳ͵ǡ ͵Ǧ
mm from the base
C. vogelii
45. - Upper leaf surface set with tiny bumps in between the tertiary veinlets (strong
lens!), giving the surface a ‘rough’ appearance
Ǥϔ
- Upper leaf surface smooth in between the tertiary veinlets
46
46. - Racemes with several bracts at the top; drupelets ellipsoid-oblong, 8-14 mm
long
C. plicatum
- Racemes without apical bracts; drupelets reniform or subglobose to ellipsoid,
5-9 mm long
47
3
Ǥͷ͵
47. - Leaf blade tertiary venation with a pattern of very closely spaced veinlets running
parallel to the scalariform veins; cotyledons similar in size
C. warneckei
- Leaf blade tertiary venation without such veinlets; cotyledons dissimilar in
size
48
48. - Pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle and bracts below each cymule persistent;
leaf blade with tertiary venation on lower surface more or less unicolourous with
the leaf mass; racemes held ± horizontall y
C. squamosum
- Pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle and bracts below each cymule
caducous; leaf blade with tertiary venation on lower surface markedly darker
than the leaf mass; racemes erecteo-patent
C. reticulatum
Campylospermum amplectens (Stapf) Farron
Ǥͳ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 393 (1965). – Gomphia amplectens Stapf, J. Linn. Soc.,
Bot. 37: 87 (1905). – Ouratea amplectensȋȌǤǡϐǤǤ͵ǡʹǣͶͺͺȋͳͻʹͳȌǤ
– Type: A. Whyte s.n. (holotype: K!), Liberia, Montserrado, Kakata, within 20 miles of
Kakatown, 1904.
Tree ͳʹ , monocaulous; stem with brownish coloured bark. Stipules
caducous, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–10 mm long; leaf blade narrowly
obovate to narrowly spathulate, ͳ–͵ͺ × 4–9 cm, ratio ͵ǤʹȂͶȋȂͶǤ͵Ȍǡ base auriculate,
apex acute, coriaceous, not bullate, margin serrulate, upper side dull green, lower side
Ǣ ϐ ǡ ǡ
main lateral veins ʹͲȂ͵Ͳ, ͳͲȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͲȌ, prominent on the
upper leaf surface, more or less at a right angle with midrib but curved upward to run
parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins less prominent on both sides, ͳʹ in
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͷͶ
between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the
main lateral veins, indistinct on upper side, distinct on the lower one. ϔ
terminal or rarely axillary, branched, dense, its main axis ͵Ȃͳ͵ȋȂͳͻȌ , robust,
round in cross section; racemes ͳȂͷǡ͵ȂȋȂͻȌ ; pairwise scales caducous; bracts
caducous, triangular, c. 2–3 mm long; cymules 5–7(–15) mm apart, ͳȂͺȋȂͳȌǦϐǤ
Flowerǣ ȂʹͲǡ ͵ȂͷǢǡϐ
5–6 × 3–4 mm, in fruit 10–15 × 5–6 mm and enclosing the drupelets, base truncate, apex
obtuse; petals obovate, 9–13 × 5 mm, shortly clawed at base, truncate and slightly
emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 6–7 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm long; style slender, 6–8
mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 3 mm thick; drupelets: 1 to 4 well developed per receptacle,
ellipsoid, c. 7 × 5 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size.
Notes: This species is closely related to C. mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh. and C. klainei (Tiegh.)
Ǥ ϐ
unbranched one. It is also distinguished by its distinctly auriculate leaf base (resp. cordate
to auriculate and cordate in C. mannii and C. klainei). Both C.mannii and C. klainei have
ϐ C. amplectens has a rounded one. The tertiary
venation is distinct on both sides in C.mannii and C. klainei whereas it is indistinct on the
upper side in C. amplectens.
Still, knowing that habitat destruction in western Africa has been severe, a more
detailed assessment is desirable.
Distribution: West Africa, from Sierra Leone to Ghana (ʹ).
Ecology: in high, closed, evergreen, primary or secondary rain forest, also in forest
along streams; at 20-350 m altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ
to March.
Usesǣ ϐ Ǥ ǡ ϐ
together to make brooms (Burkill 1997).
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋȌǤ αͳͺͶǡͶͺ 2ǡ αͳͷǡͳʹ 2,
αʹͻǡ ȋ αͳͲͻ ȌǤ Ǣ
ʹͲͳʹǤ ϐ
the category of Least Concern.
Specimens examined:
, Western RegionǣǡǤͷιͲʹǯǡʹιʹǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͳͻʹͺȋϐǡȌǡVigne FH
1429 (FHO); Simpa. 5°06’N, 2°06’W. Alt: 200m, February 1933 (fr), Vigne FH 2796 (FHO); Benso. 5°09’N,
1°54’W, December 1950 (fr), Andoh FH 5405 (K); Ankasa Forest Reserve. 5°18’N, 2°36’W, 8 January 1967 (fr),
Enti GC 36304 (K).
IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Forêt Classée de la Yaya., 80m, 5°40’N, 3°34’W. Alt: 80m, 27 November 1997 (fr),
Jongkind 4092 (MO,WAG); Aboisso: Km 5 Ayamè - Abengourou Road. 5°38’N, 3°07’W, 7 November 1968
ȋϐȌǡBreteler 5934 (WAG); ±ǣǤιʹǯǡͺιͳ͵ǯǡͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡNozeran s.n. (P); Guiglo:
Ǣ Dz dz Ǥ ͳͺͶ ǤǤ ͷιʹͺǯǡ
7°10’W, 23 January 1990 (st), Albers, P. 40 ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǣ Dz dz
Bono River and Hana River. Picet 185 r.Z. 5°28’N, 7°10’W, 23 January 1990 (st), Albers, P. 42 (WAG); San-
ͳ
ʹ
A
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͳǤ Campylospermum amplectens. A. Petal. ͳ. Flowering branch. ʹ. Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum amplectensȋȌCampylospermum andongensis ( )
3
Ǥͷͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͷ
±ǣ͵Ͳ±±ǡǤͶι͵ͶǯǡιͳͲǯǡͳͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 2363
(BR,E,MO,WAG); Forêt Classée Monogaga, just north of Sassandra - San Pedro road., 4°51.9’N, 6°26.8’W, 24
March 2000 (st), Jongkind 4718 (WAG); Sassandra: c. 18 km S of Guéyo (between Gagnoa and Sassandra).
5°34’N, 6°01’W, 8 December 1961 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 3351 (B,K,WAG); ±: Soubré, Parc National de Taï.
5°50’N, 7°00’W, 24 January 1975 (fr), Aké Assi 12651 (G).
LIBERIA, Gbarpoluǣ Ǥ ǤιʹʹǤͲǯǡͳͲιʹͲǤͺǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡ
Jongkind 10119 (BR,COI,FHO,FR,HUJ,K,MA,MO,WAG); Grand Bassa: Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession
of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.4’N, 9°23.0’W. Alt: 60m, 6 December 2002 (fr), Jongkind 5628 (BR,WAG);
Grand Cape Mount: north of Lake Piso. 6°48.17’N, 11°17.27’W. Alt: 20m, 21 July 2004 (st), Jongkind 6043
(WAG); Lofa: Kpelle National Forest, 58 miles E of Bopolu. 7°40’N, 10°05’W, 18 January 1978 (st), Gier, A.
de 204 (MO,WAG); Gola Forest., 7°27.1’N, 10°41.5’W, 28 November 2005 (fr), Jongkind 6939 (BR,G,WAG);
ǡ ǡǤιͳͺǯǡͳͲιͳǯǡͳͷͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr, J.T. 10304
(K); MontserradoǣʹͲǤι͵ʹǯǡͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡWhyte, A. s.n. (K); Dukwia River,
ǡ Ǥ ιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͲιʹʹǯǡ ʹ ͳͻʹͺ ȋϐȌǡ Cooper, G.P. 84 (BM,K,US);
ǡǤιʹ͵ǯǡͳͲιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡCooper, G.P. 155 (A,BM,FHO,GH,K US); Bomi
Ǥ Ǥ ιͷǯǡ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 197 (WAG); Firestone
ǡ͵͵ǤιͳͻǯǡͳͲιʹͳǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡStoop - v.d. Kasteele, F.S.C. 237 (LIB,MO,WAG);
Firestone Plantation, Division 33. S of Kakata. 6°29’N, 10°22’W, 3 January 1971 (fr), Stoop - v.d. Kasteele, F.S.C.
304 (MO,WAG); ǣ ǡǤιͳͺǯǡͺιͷʹǯǡ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡVoorhoeve 545
(WAG); Siatown. 6°18’N, 9°41’W, 10 December 1958 (fr), Adam, J.-.G. 16326 (P); Sino: South of Sayon Town.,
ͲǡͷιʹǤͳǯǡͻιͳͲǤͳǯǤǣͲǡͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9983 (WAG).
, Eastern ProvinceǣǡǤι͵ͺǯǡͳͳιʹͶǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡ
Jordan, H.D. 2017 (B,K); Southern Province: Gola Forest Reserve, Pujehun District, makpete Chiefdom, 1 mile
ͳͻͶǤιͳͻǯǡͳͳιͳͺǯǡͷ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡFox, J.E.D. 20 (K); Gola Forest Reserve, BIII. 7°16’N,
ͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡSmall, D. 555 (K).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), (Hawthorne and Jongkind 2006), (Hutchinson et
al. 1954) and (Poorter 2004).
Campylospermum andongense (Hiern) Biss.
Campylospermum andongensis (Hiern) Biss., Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Ouratea reticulatum
(P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. andongensis Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1: 122 (1896). – Monelasmum
andongensis (Hiern) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (1902).– Ouratea andongensis
(Hiern) Exell, J. Bot. 65: 58 (1927). – Type: Welwitsch 4604 (holotype: LISU!; isotype: BM!, C!,
COI!, G!, K!) Angola, Pungo Andongo, 1857.
Tree , with branched trunk; twigs with dark coloured bark. Stipules caducous,
triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade ovate-oblong or narrowly
elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂʹͳ έ ȋͳǤͷȂȌ͵Ȃ cm, ratio ȋͳǤͺȂȌʹǤȂ͵Ǥͷȋ–
ͶǤ͵ͷȌǡbase cuneate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, chartaceous to coriaceous, not bullate,
margin serrate, teeth with a dark tip, upper side dark green, lower side light green;
venation: midrib prominent on both sides, main lateral veins ͻȂͳʹ, ͷȂʹͲ
mm apart, more or less at right angle with midrib but curved upward to run parallel to
the margin, prominent above, not prominent but distinct below, intermediate lateral veins
0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, less prominent on both sides, tertiary venation
scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔ terminal,
branched, lax, its main axis ͵ȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌ ; racemes ȋͲȂȌͳȂ͵ȋȂͷȌǡȋͳȂȌ͵ȂͳͲȋȂͳ͵Ȍ
long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle caducous; bracts caducous; cymules 5–15
3.7 Materials and Methods
ǡͳȂͺǦϐǤFlower: pedicel 7–15 mm, articulated at 1–4 mm from the base;
ǦǡϐȂͺέʹȂ͵ǡͺȂͻέʹȂ͵Ǥͷǡ
not enveloping the drupelets, base truncate, apex obtuse; petals obovate, 8–10 x 5Ȃ8 mm,
cuneate at base, rounded at apexǢǣϐͳǡͷȂ
mm long; ovary c. 2 mm large; style slender, 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 5 mm thick;
drupelets: 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to almost globose, (6Ȃ)8Ȃ9 ×
(4Ȃ)5Ȃ6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: This species is similar to C. reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Farron. However, it has a more
coarsely serrate leaf margin with teeth having a dark tip and petals rounded at the apex,
whereas C. reticulatum has a serrulate margin with unicolourous teeth and petals with
an emarginate apex.
Distribution: Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga), northern Angola, northwestern Zambia (Map ʹ).
Ecology: in evergreen, riparian forests; at 700Ȃ1500 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ ǡ
December and February.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡǡȌǤ αʹͺǡ͵ͷͶ 2ǡ αͺǡʹͶͲ 2,
αʹʹǡα͵ǡȋ αͳͳͶȌǤ
3 subpopulations with the main one occurring in the Lavushi Manda National Park in
Zambia. It is fairly well represented in herbaria, and therefore the category of Least
Concern seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, : 9°20’ S, 15°00’ E, (st), Gossweiler 632 (BM,K,P); (fr), Gossweiler 763 (K,P); Lunda
ǣ Ǥ ϐ × Ù Ǯǯ ǯǯǯǤ Ǥ
ιʹʹǯǡ ʹͲιͶͻǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ͳ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Gossweiler 13570 (B,BM,US); Dundo, Luachimo. 7°24’S,
20°50’E. Alt: 700m, 27 October 1946 (fr), Gossweiler 13780 (BM,K); Malanjeǣǣ×
Quale a 23 km de Santa Maria., 1100m, 9°32’S, 16°20’E. Alt: 1100m, 20 December 1970 (fr), Raimundo, F. 570
ȋ ǡȌǢǡǤͻιͶͲǯǡͳͷι͵ͷǯǡ ͳͺͷȋϐȌǡWelwitsch, F.M.J. 4604 (BM,C,COI,G,K,LISU).
ȋ Ȍ, Katanga (Shaba): A proximité de Kolwezi. 10°46’S, 25°19’E. Alt: 1425m, 4 September
ͳͻͺͶȋϐȌǡSchaijes 2375 (BR); 30 km au SW de Kolwezi. 10°50’S, 25°14’E. Alt: 1425m, 18 January 1986 (fr),
Bamps 8141 (BR); Congo, katanga Province, 14 mls N.N.W. of Kalene Mission on border. 11°00’S, 24°08’E. Alt:
ͳʹͻͲǡͳͳͳͻʹȋϐȌǡRichards, M.A.E. 17158 (K).
ZAMBIA, Ǧ: Nkunyi Protected Forest Area; 9.04 km from Lwawu-Mwinilunga Junction. On
Kabompo-Mwinilunga Road (D286). 11°48’S, 24°21’E. Alt: 1410m, 23 February 1995 (fr), Luwiika, B. 87
ȋ ȌǢͶǤǤͳͳιͳͲǯǡʹͶιͳʹǯǡʹͳͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡAngus510 (FHO,K,WAG);
ǡ ǤͶǤǦǤǡ ǤͳͳιͳͲǯǡʹͶιͳʹǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡAngus 532 (FHO);
Ikelenge, Hillwood farm S. 11°14’S, 24°20’E. Alt: 1450m, 21 May 1999 (st), Congdon, T.C.E. 559 (K); near
ͳ Ǧ Ǥǡ Ǥ ͳͳιͲͺǯǡ ʹͶιͳ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͷʹ ȋϐȌǡ Holmes, W.D.H.
975ȋ ǡȌǢ Ǥǡͳͳι͵ͻǯǡʹͶιͲ͵ǯǡ͵ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡMilne-Redhead 1042 (K); , 12°00’S,
ʹͶι͵ͷǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡHolmes, W.D.H. 1292 (K); Ikelenge district; Zambezi source National heritage
site; 18.0 km S of Ikelenge then 4.8 km E on access road from Ikelenge-Mwinilunga Rd. 11°22.0’ S, 24°18.4’ E.
Alt: 1500m, 26 February 1995 (fr), Harder 2786 (BR,WAG); By R. luao between R. Matonchi and R.Kaoomba.,
Ǥͳͳι͵ͻǯǡʹͶιͲǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡMilne-Redhead 3051 (BR,K); near Zambia River, 4 miles N of Kalene Hill
Ǥǡ ǤͳͳιͲǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡWhite, F. 3339 (BM,BR,FHO,K,WAG); river, Mwinilunga.
ͳͳιͶͶǯǡʹͶιʹͶǯǡͳͻͳͻͻȋϐȌǡMutimushi 3371 (B); Mwinilunga. 11°06’S, 24°11’E, 27 September 1952
ȋϐȌǡWhite, F. 3392ȋ ȌǢͶǤǤǡ ǤͳͳιͶǯǡʹͶιʹͶǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡMilne-Redhead
3
Ǥͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3506 (BM,BR,K); 6 km N of Kalene Hill., c. 11°07’S, 24°12’E, 12 December 1963 (fr), Robinson, E.A. 5965 (K);
Ǥͳͳιʹ͵ǯǡʹͶιʹͲǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡRobinson, E.A. 6132 (K); Lisombo R., 16 km
ǤǤ ǤͳͳιͳͺǯǡʹͶιͲʹǯǡͳͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡDrummond, R.B. 8283 (B,BR,FHO,K); Source of
the Zambesia. 11°23’ S, 24°20’E. Alt: 1450m, 21 January 1975 (fr), Brummitt 13917 (BR,K).
Key literatureǣƬȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ ȋͳͻͷȌȋͳͻ͵ȌǤ
Campylospermum auriculatum Biss.
Blumea 58: 2 (2013). – Type: Strijk 73 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV!), Gabon, WoleuNtem, Bordamur concession area, some 40 km from WWF-station, 1°14’N, 11°53’E,
October 10th, 2002.
3
Ǥͷͺ
Treelet up to 6 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with pale brown coloured bark.
Stipules caducous, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–2 mm long; leaf blade elliptic-obovate
to oblanceolate, ȋͻȂȌͳͶȂʹͶȋȂ͵ͳȌȋͶȂȌȂͺȋȂͳͳȌ ǡʹȂͶȋȂͷȌ, base auriculate
to deeply cordate, often clasping the twig, apex acute, coriaceous to thick leathery,
not bullate, margin serrate, upper surface glossy green, lower surface dull paler green;
ϐǡǡͳȂͳͻǡͳͲȂ
20 mm apart, curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins
prominent on both sides, 0 to 2 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation
scalariform, very distinct on both sides. ϔ terminal or rarely axillary,
branched, fairly dense, its main axis 12–15(–18) cm long, ϐ; racemes 1–6, 3–9(–
11) cm long; pairwise scales absent; bracts persistent at the base of the raceme and
ǡǡ Ǥ͵ȂͷǢ ͷȂͻǡʹȂͶȋȂȌǦϐǤFlower:
ͷȂǡ ʹȂ͵ǢͷǡǡϐȂͺ
x 2–3 mm, yellowish green, in fruit 9–10 x 3–4 mm, bright red; petals 5, obovate, 7–12
x 3–4 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex, bright yellow; stamens: anthers 3–4 mm
long; ovary c. 2 mm wide; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 5 mm wide, orangered; drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, reniform, c. 8 x 5 mm; cotyledons
incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Note: Especially the auriculate to deeply cordate leaf base is highly reminiscent of C.
schoenleinianumȋ Ȍ ǡ ϐ ȋ
Guinea to Ghana).
Distributionǣ ȋȌ ȋǦ ȌȋMap ͵).
Ecology: in primary or secondary forest; on brown clay soil; at 475–600 m altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ ǡϐ
observed in April, which coincides with the two rainy seasons.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡǡȌǤ αǡͲͻͺ 2ǡ αͳǡͷ͵ 2,
αͳͳ ȋ αͳͷǤ͵ ȌǤ
ȋͳͻͺ͵ȌǤ
a protected area (Inselberg at Akuom). The other ten collections from Gabon are from
a fairly restricted area where logging companies operate which is supposed to lead to a
Ȁ Ǯǯ
has been assigned.
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͷͻ
͵. Distribution of Campylospermum auriculatumȋȌCampylospermum bukobense ( )
Specimens examined:
, ǡ : Inselberg d’Akuom, à 1h30 demarche (6 km) du village de
Nzuameyong, à 25 km d’Anisoc. 1°50’N, 10°55’E. Alt: 600m, 13 June 1999 (st), Parmentier 358 (BRLU).
, Ǧ: Bordamur consession area, some 40 km from WWF-station, at logging road
ǤͳιͳͶǯǡͳͳιͷ͵ǯǤǣͷͲǡͳͲ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡStrijk 73 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Oveng, 65
km N. of road Benguié - Lalara, forest exploitation camp., 500m, 0°42’N, 11°23’E. Alt: 500m, 5 November
ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Louis, A.M. 377 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ͺ ǡ Ǥ ͲιͶʹǤͻǯǡ
11°32.0’E. Alt: 547m, 6 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 667ȋǡ ȌǢͺΦ ǡ
ǤͲιͶʹǤͷǯǡͳͳι͵ͳǤͻǯǤǣͷͲͳǡʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 707 LBV,WAG); 13 km SE
ǡ ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͶǯǡ
ͳͳι͵ͺǤʹǯǤ ǣ ͶͺͲǡ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 714 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͳ͵ ǡ
ǡ Ǥ ͲιͶʹǤͳǯǡ ͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤ ǣ
490m, 7 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 730 (LBV,WAG); 35 km NNE of Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur
forest exploitation, 2 km from Bordamur forestry camp. 1°02.8’N, 11°43.3’E. Alt: 545m, 8 November 2009
(st), Bissiengou 769 (LBV,WAG); Inventory Oveng; primary rain forest, ca 25 km WSW of Mintsic., 0°44’N,
ͳͳιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Reitsma, J.M. 2493 (WAG); About 30-40 km NE of Saint Germain, E. of
ǤͲιͶͲǯǡͳͳιͶͲǯǤǣͶͷǡͳͺͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡBreteler 8797 (LBV,WAG); RN 2, S of Mitzic,
Ǧ ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͺǯǡͳͳι͵ͺǤͻǯǤǣͷͲ͵ǡ͵Ͳ ʹͲͳͳȋϐȌǡMaas, P.J.M. 10052
(LBV,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013).
Campylospermum bukobense (Gilg) Farron
Bull. Jard. Bot. État 35: 393 (1965). – Monelasmum bukobense (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci.
Nat., ser. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). – Ouratea bukobensis Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33:
271 (1904). – Syntypes: Stuhlmann 978, 1023, 1073, 1467, 1521, 3212, 3721, 3990,
3991, 4063 (B, none located and probably all destroyed) Tanzania, Bukoba. – Neotype
(designated here): Conrads 447 (holotype: B!; isotype: BR!, EA!, FHO!, K!) Tanzania,
3.7 Materials and Methods
Marienhof Ukerewe, November 21st, 1911.
Ouratea ϔ De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. VII, Suppl. Bot.: B51 (1920). – Gomphia
ϔ (De Wild.) Lye, Lidia 4(3): 92 (1998) (non ϔA.St.-Hil., 1825).
– Type: Pynaert 522 (holotype: BR(3x)!; isotype: K!, Z!), Congo, Eala, October 5th, 1906.
Ouratea likimiensis De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. VII, Suppl. Bot.: B59 (1920). – Gomphia
likimiensis (De Wild.) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Afr., Ochnaceae: 46 (2005). – Type: Malchair 271
(holotye: BR!; isotype: BR!), environ de Likimi, June 10th, 1910.
3
ǤͲ
Tree up to 10 m tall, bole up to 30 cm dbh, with branched trunk; twigs with pale coloured
bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 1–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 1–5 mm long; leaf blade
narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, ȋȂȌͺȂͳͺȋȂʹͳȌ ȋͳȂȌͳǤͷȂͷǤͷ , ͵Ȃͷ, base
cuneate, apex acute, papyraceous, not bullate, upper surface glossy, lower surface
dull green, margin regularly serrate to serrulate, the teeth with a dark tip; midrib
prominent above and below, main lateral veins ͳʹȂͳ on either side, 5–15 mm apart,
prominent above and below, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to
run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–2(–5) in between each pair of
main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular
to the midrib, joined by cross veinlets, very distinct on both sides. ϔ
terminal, fairly lax to fairly dense, its main axis (2–)4–16(–20) cm long; racemes 2–7,
ȋͳȂȌ͵Ȃͳʹ ǡ ǡ ʹȂͳͷ ǡ ʹȂȋȂͳͳȌǦϐ. Flower:
ͺȂͳȋȂʹͲȌ ǡ ͳȂ Ǣ ǡ ϐ
ȂʹȂ͵ǡͺȂͻʹȂ͵ǡ ǡϐ
up; petals obovate, 5–9 x 4–6 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 3–5
mm long; ovary 1 x 1 mm; style 4–6 mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳϐǡͷ
x 5 mm in fruit; drupelets 2–4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 7–10 x 5–7 mm;
embryo incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: The syntype specimens of O. bukobensis, all Stuhlmann collections, are
Ǥ
those specimens. Unfortunately these could not be traced. A Neotype, Conrads 447, is
therefore designated here. It is has been collected approximately at the same locality as
the syntype specimens. The year of collection was 1911, before the Berlin herbarium,
where Stuhlmann’s collections were most likely kept, was largely destroyed. It has been
ϐ
ȋȌǤ Dz dz ǯǤ ǡ
the serrate leaf margin and the leaf blade shape match perfectly the original description.
Verdcourt (2005) recognizes G. likimiensisϐC. bukobense material as
either G. vogelii or G. likimiensis. Actually, G. likimiensis is Ouratea ϔ De Wild
but he could not use that name since Gomphia ϔ A.St.-Hil. exists already. He
listed characters that describe both species such as the leaf texture, shape and margin.
Material that has thin, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate leaves with usually spinulose
3.7 Materials and Methods
ϐO. likimiensis. I
totally agree with him that two taxa are involved, but Verdcourt failed to see that his C.
likimiensis also perfectly matches the description of C. bukobense. Verdcourt’s error was
maybe a logical one because he did not see any type specimens of C. bukobense. Now,
ϐ
by previous botanists as either C. bukobense or O. ϔ, to me it is obvious they
belong to the same taxon, for which the correct name is C. bukobense.
ǡϐǡC. bukobense is close to C. andongensis. It differs by having
papyraceous leaves and more numerous lateral veins.
Distribution: South Central African Republic to South-East Cameroon and the North of
the Republic of the Congo, extending to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern
Ethiopia, southern Soudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia (Map ͵).
Ecology: in primary, secondary and gallery forests, also in swamp forest; at 350-1650
m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ α͵ͳǡ͵ͻʹͲ 2ǡ α ͳͻǡͺʹͶʹͲ
km2ǡ αͺʹǡαʹǡȋ αʹȌǤ
into many subpopulations (26) from the Republic of the Congo to eastern and northeastern Africa. Although its most recent collection is from the nineteen eighties, it is
well represented in herbaria suggesting it is not uncommon. Therefore, the category of
Least Concern seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, GitegaǣϐǦǤ͵ιͳͷǯǡ͵ͲιͲʹǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͷͺȋȌǡBen, D. van der 2411 (EA,K).
, ǣ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡGocker 40 (HUH); East Province: près Ndongo, à 40 km WNW de
ȋ ͳȀʹͲͲǤͲͲͲȌǤʹιͳͲǯǡͳͶιͷͲǯǡͳͷ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLetouzey 12081 (BR,K,P).
, LobayeǣǤ͵ιͷͶǯǡͳιͷͷǯǡ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡTisserant (Équipe),
C. 674 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳιͷͷǯǡ ͺ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ Tisserant (Équipe), C. 839 (P); Boukoko. 3°54’N,
17°55’E, 17 May 1950 (fr), Tisserant (Équipe), C. 1746 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳιͷͷǯǡ ͻ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ
Tisserant (Équipe), C. 2061 (P); Ǧ±±: Ndakan, gorilla study area M 1500 to M 2000 to B 600.
ʹιʹͳǯǡͳιͳͲǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 531 (E).
ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Alima-Likouala, région de M’Bomo, réserve de chasse d’Odzala (M’Boko).
0°13’S, 14°20’E, 15 December 1970 (fr), Sita 2991 (WAG); Odzala National Park, saline Moba A. 0°49’N,
ͳͷιͲǯǡ ʹͷ ͳͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Lejoly 96/ 295 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, Layon Tombi, partie Sud., c.
ͲιͷʹǯǡͳͶιͶǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡLisowski, S. C 1019 (BRLU).
ȋ Ȍ, Bas-Congoǣ Ǥ ͷιͲͺǯǡ ͳͷιͲǯǡ ͳͻͲͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Gillet, J. s.n. (BR); Mvuazi. 5°27’S,
ͳͶιͷͶǯǡʹͻͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡDevred 63ȋȌǢǤͷιʹǯǡͳͶιͷͶǯǡ͵ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡDubois, J. 310
ȋȌǢǤͷιͲͺǯǡͳͷιͲǯǡ͵Ͳͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡVanderyst, H.J.R. 25776 (BR); Kisantu. 5°08’S, 15°06’E,
͵Ͳͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡVanderyst, H.J.R. 25777 (BR); Equateur: environ de Likimi. 2°50’N, 20°45’E, 20 April
ͳͻͳͲȋϐȌǡMalchair 271 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, 5 August 1906 (fr), Pynaert 522 (BR,K,Z); Eala., c. 0°03’N,
18°19’E, 5 October 1906 (fr), Pynaert 523 (BR); Eale. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, October 1930 (fr), Staner 903
ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢǤͳιͳͳǯǡʹ͵ιͳǯǡͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡDubois, L. 1007 (BR,EA,G,K,WAG); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E,
ʹͲ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡPynaert 1189 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, 10 May 1932 (fr), Baland 1250 (BR); Eala., c.
ͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͲ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡBaland 1578ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͳͻ͵ʹȋϐǡȌǡBaland 1670
ȋȌǢ ǡ Ǥ ͲιͲ͵ǯǡ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ʹ ͳͻ͵͵ ȋϐȌǡ Corbisier-Baland 2052 (EA,G,US,WAG);
ǤͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡBaland 2052 (BR,US,WAG); Eala. 0°03’N, 18°19’E, 2 May 1919
ȋϐȌǡVermoesen 2126 (BR); Befale. 0°28’N, 20°57’E, 30 June 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4316 (BR,K,WAG); Kasai-
3
Ǥͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥʹ
Oriental: Gandajika. 6°45’S, 23°57’E, 20 June 1951 (fr), Chalon, G. 346 (BR); Kanda-kanda. Galerie de la
ǡ͵Ͳ Ǥιͷǯǡʹ͵ι͵ǯǡ͵ͲͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡLuxen 563 (BR); Kanda-Kanda. 6°56’S,
ʹ͵ι͵ǯǤ ǣ ͺͲͲǡ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Risopoulos 689 (K,WAG); Katanga (Shaba): Mutombo-Mukulu.
7°58’S, 24°00’E, 24 August 1959 (st), Lukuesa 695 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͺιʹͳǯǡ ʹʹι͵Ͷǯǡ ͳͻ͵͵ ȋϐȌǡ
Overlaet 855ȋȌǢǤǡ Ǥͺιʹͳǯǡʹʹι͵Ͷǯǡͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡOverlaet 859 (WAG); Kaniama - Haut Lomani.
ι͵ͳǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǤǣͺͲǡͳͻͶȋϐȌǡMullenders 1273 (BR); Kaniama - Haut Lomani. 7°31’S, 24°11’E.
Alt: 850m, 28 November 1947 (fr), Mullenders 1563 (BR); Kaniama - Haut Lomani. 7°31’S, 24°11’E. Alt: 860m,
1 December 1947 (fr), Mullenders 1630ȋȌǢǤι͵ͳǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡHerman, E.F. 2282
ȋȌǢǦ Ǥι͵ͳǯǡʹͶιͳͳǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳ͵ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡMullenders 14800 (BR);
Ǧǣǡ ǡǤͲι͵͵ǯǡʹͻιͶͻǯǡʹͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡWilde, JMHJR
de 20ȋǡǡ ȌǢǦǤͲιʹͺǯǡʹͻιͳʹǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡGille 147 (BR,K,WAG);
Ǥǡ ǤͲιʹͻǯǡʹͻιʹͺǯǡͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡGille 211 (BR,K,WAG); Rutshuru. 1°11’S, 29°27’E. Alt: 1100m, 18 August
ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐȌǡ Christiaensen 1047 ȋȌǢ ȋȌǤ ͳιͳʹǯǡ ʹͺιͶͶǯǤ ǣ ͳ͵ͲͲǡ ʹʹ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ
Gutzwiller 1584 (BR,EA,WAG); between Nezelube and Kamubene Rivers. 0°27’N, 29°46’E, 9 September 1952
ȋϐǡȌǡOsmaston 2221ȋȌǢǤͳιͳͲǯǡʹͺι͵ǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡͳ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 2581
ȋǡǡ ǡǡ ȌǢǡǤǡ ǤͳιͳͲǯǡʹͺι͵ǯǤǣͳͲͲǡ͵ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡGutzwiller 2717 (BR);
Ǧǡ͵ʹǡ°°ǤͳιͲʹǯǡʹͻι͵ʹǯǤǣͳʹͲǡͺ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡ
Pierlot 3053ȋȌǢǡǤͳιͳͲǯǡʹͺι͵ǯǤǣͳͲͷͲǡͳͻ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡGutzwiller 3177 (BR); Beni,
Kibali-Ituri., 0°29’N, 29°28’E, November 1931 (fr), Lebrun 4325 (BR,P); Beni, piste Mwenda à Katuka près du
ǤͲιʹǯǡʹͻιͶǯǡͻͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 7976 (BR,K,WAG); Environs de la
°ǡ°Ǥǡ ǤͲιͶͷǯǡʹͻιͷͲǯǡʹͶͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de
8384ȋǡǡ ȌǢǡ Ǥͳιͳ͵ǯǡ͵Ͳι͵ʹǯǤǣͲǡʹͳͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡWitte,
G.F. de 9574ȋǡ ǡ ȌǢǤͲιͶͶǯǡʹͻιͶǯǤǣͲͲǡʹͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de
9614ȋȌǢǤͲιʹǯǡʹͻιͶǯǤǣͳʹͲͲǡͳͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 11058 (BR); Djelube,
ϐǤͲι͵ǯǡʹͻιͶͲǯǤǣͳʹ͵ͲǡͳͲͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 11184 (BR); Beniz:
ϐǢϐǤͲιʹͻǯǡʹͻιʹͺǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 11922 (BR,K);
ϐǦǤͲιͶ͵ǯǡʹͻιͶͷǯǡ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 12035ȋȌǢǡϐ
ǤͲιͶ͵ǯǡʹͻιͶͷǯǤǣͺͳͷǡʹͷ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 12791ȋȌǢǡǡϐ
ǢϐǤͲιʹͻǯǡʹͻιʹͺǯǡʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 12872 (BR,K);
ϐ Ǥ Ͳι͵Ͳǯǡ ʹͻι͵ͳǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͷͲǡ ͺ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Witte, G.F. de 12918 (BR);
ǦǤͲιʹǯǡʹͻιͶǯǤǣͳͳͲǡʹ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡWitte, G.F. de 13014 (BR); Orientale: Epulu
ǡ Ǥ ʹͲͲ Ǥǡ Ǥ ͳιʹ͵ǯǡ ʹͺι͵ǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Putman 15 (BR); Mahagi, rivière
Ǥǡͳ͵ͺͲǡ ǤʹιͲͻǯǡ͵ͲιʹͶǯǤǣͳ͵ͺͲǡʹͷͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡDevillé, A. 149 (BR,UPS); rivière Kibali. 2°18’N,
͵Ͳι͵ͶǯǤǣͳ͵ͺͲǡʹͷͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡBamps 179 (BR); Zone de Mambasa. Ituri Forest. Afarama bord de la
°Ǥͳι͵͵ǯǡʹͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͺͲͲǡͳͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡEwango 205 (WAG); près de la rivière Uélé (Kibali).
ʹιͲͻǯǡ͵ͲιʹͶǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡSmeyers 326 (BR,K,WAG); Route Kampala (Kibali). 1350m. 2°09’N,
͵ͲιʹͶǯǤǣͳ͵ͷͲǡʹͺͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡFroment 432 (BR,K,WAG); Penghe-Irumu. 1°20’N, 28°09’E, 28 February
ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡBequaert 2641 (BR); Entre gombari et Faradje. 3°04’N, 29°30’E, July 1931 (fr), Lebrun 3344 (BR,C,WAG);
ǤͲιͶǯǡʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡ͵ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡDonis 3508 (BR,C,P); Ituri, summit of Aketu Hill, c. 5
km NW of abandoned coffee plantation at Nzaro (c. 90 km N of Mambasa on road to Isiro). 2°05’N, 28°48’E. Alt:
ͳͳͷͲǡ͵ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡGereau 5418 (MO,WAG); Yangambi. 0°46’N, 24°27’E, 24 February 1938 (st), Louis,
J.L.P. 8047ȋȌǢǤͲιͶǯǡʹͶιʹǯǡͳͲͳͻͶȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 16547 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N,
24°27’E, 20 November 1947 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 16837 (BR); Sud-Kivu: Bulira. 2°04’S, 28°55’E, 22 February 1934
(fr), Babault 20 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ʹιͲͶǯǡ ʹͺιͷͷǯǡ ʹʹ ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Babault 28 (P); Bulira. 2°04’S, 28°55’E,
ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Babault 36 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ʹιͲͶǯǡ ʹͺιͷͷǯǡ ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Babault 87 (P); InéacǤʹιʹͲǯǡʹͺιͶͻǯǤǣͳͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡPierlot 457 (BR); Makuta. 2°02’S, 28°39’E,
ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡBabault 528 (P); Lac Kivu, Idjwi (Kalambo). 2°10’S, 29°05’E. Alt: 1500m, 4 September 1953 (st), Ben,
D. van der 769ȋǡȌǢ ǡ ȋȌǤʹιͳͲǯǡʹͻιͲͷǯǡͳͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡBen, D. van der 837
ȋǡȌǢ ǡǡǤǤǯÁ ǤͳιͷǯǡʹͻιͲǯǡʹͷͳͻͷ͵ȋϐǡȌǡBen, D. van der
882ȋǡȌǢǤʹιͳͻǯǡʹͺιͶͷǯǡȋϐȌǡScaëtta 1061 (BR); route Kavumu-Walikale, Km 67 Buniakiri. 2°06’S,
28°34’E. Alt: 1100m, 7 November 1956 (fr), Pierlot 1408 (BR); Mulungu-Lwamabale, Km 25 route BukavuGoma. 2°19’S, 28°46’E. Alt: 1600m, 18 March 1959 (fr), Pierlot 2795 (BR); Bunyakiri. 2°04’S, 28°34’E. Alt:
ͳͲͲͲǡͶ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 2859 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Alt:
ͻͲͲǡͳͲͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3171 (BR,COI,K,WAG); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E.
ǣͻͲͲǡͳͲͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin, G.M.D.J. 3174 (BR,K,WAG); Bunyakiri. 2°04’S, 28°34’E. Alt: 1400m, 2 March
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 3255 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers le km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 14 May
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3419 (BR,K,WAG); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavum-Walikale; Irangi, réserve IRSAC. 1°53’S,
ʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳͶͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3420 (BR,K); route Kavumu-Walikale, vers km 110, Irangi. 1°53’S,
ʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3534 (BR); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavum-Walikale; Irangi,
± Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3541 (BR,K); route Kavumu-Walikale vers le
ͲǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3543 (BR,EA,K); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavumǢ ǡ± Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3544 (BR,K); Bushumba., c.
ʹιʹͲǯǡʹͺιͷͲǯǡͳͻͶͷȋϐǡȌǡHendrickx 3576 (BR,EA); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S,
ʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͻ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3785 (BR,K,WAG); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers le km 110. 1°53’S,
ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 3823 (BR,K,WAG); Biega. 2°23’S, 28°40’E, January 1946 (fr),
Hendrickx 3859 (BR); Ngwindja Kab., c. 2°23’S, 28°50’E, February 1946 (fr), Hendrickx 3914 (BR,EA); Kabare.
ʹιʹͻǯǡʹͺιͶͺǯǡ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡHendrickx 3920 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110. 1°53’S, 28°27’E.
ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͷ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 3957 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ʹιͲʹǯǡ ʹͺιͷͷǯǡ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ
Hendrickx 4267 (BR,EA); Vers Km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1060 m. 1°53’S,
ʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4298 (B,BR,K); Kalehe, vers Km 110 route kavum-Walikale;
ǡ± Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4457 (BR,K); île Shime. 2°02’S,
ʹͺιͷͷǯǡͳͻͶȋϐȌǡHendrickx 5023ȋȌǢÁǤʹιͳͻǯǡʹͺιͷǯǡ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡHendrickx 5641
ȋǡ ȌǢǤʹι͵Ͳǯǡʹι͵Ͳǯǡ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡLebrun 5757 (BR,WAG); Kalehe, route Kavumu-Walikale, vers
ͳͳͲǡ ±Ǥ ǤǤǤǤǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡTroupin 7767 (BR); Ile Idjwi, dans
le Lac Kivu. 2°10’S, 29°05’E. Alt: 1600m, May 1929 (fr), Humbert 8340 (P); Kalehe, route Kavumu-Walikale, vers
ͳͳͲǡ ±Ǥ ǤǤǤǤǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͺͲǡͳͲ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡTroupin 10013 (BR); Kalehe,
ǦǡͳͳͲǡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͺͲǡʹͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡTroupin
10203ȋȌǢǡǦǡͳͳͲǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͺͲǡ͵ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡTroupin
10283 (BR); Kalehe, route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km 110, Irangi réserve. I.R.S.A.C. 1°53’S, 28°27’E. Alt: 860m,
ͳͻ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡTroupin 11376 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II.
ͳͺͲǤͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͺͲǡʹͳͻͲȋϐȌǡTroupin 12089 (BR); Route Kavumu-Walikale, vers Km110
ǡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺιʹǯǤǣͺͲǡʹ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡTroupin 12478 (BR).
ETHIOPIA, Kefa: Mezan Tefari. 6°58’N, 35°25’E. Alt: 1500m, 8 August 1962 (fr), Mooney, H.F. 9249 (K,S).
, ǣǤǤͲιͳʹǯǡ͵Ͷιͷ͵ǯǤǣͳͷʹͶǡͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡDale, I.R. 3244 (BR,EA,K,MA).
, Central EquatoriaǣǤǤͶιͲͷǯǡ͵ͲιͶͳǯǡͳ͵ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐǡȌǡAndrews,
F.W. 1211 (C,K); Eastern Equatoria: Lado, Yei river. Jembi. 4°00’N, 30°40’E, 23 August 1919 (fr), Sillitoe 290
ȋȌǢǡǤ ǤͶιͲͲǯǡ͵ͲιͶͲǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͳͻȋϐǡȌǡSillitoe 365ȋȌǢǤ ǡ
ǡǡǤ Ǥǡ Ǥ͵ιͶͷǯǡ͵Ͳι͵ͺǯǡʹʹ ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐǡȌǡHoyle 812 (FHO); AngloǣǡǤͶιʹʹǯǡ͵͵ιͷǯǡͳ͵ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡMyers 11310 (K).
, Mwanzaǣ ǡ ǡ ʹιͲ͵ǯǡ ͵͵ιͲͲǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͳͳ ȋϐȌǡ Conrads 447
(B,BR,EA,FHO,K); Mdutunda (Kisukuma), Buhindi Forest Reserve. 1189m, 2°25’S, 32°15’E. Alt: 1189m, 27
ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡCarmichael, W. 1080ȋǡȌǢ ǤʹιͲ͵ǯǡ͵͵ιͲͲǯǡͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡ
Conrads 5960ȋǡǡȌǢ ǤʹιͲ͵ǯǡ͵͵ιͲͲǯǡͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡConrads 6068 (EA).
, ǣ November 1953 (st), Philip, M.S. 93 (EA); Buganda: Minziro Forest, south Nasaka district.
ͳιͲͲǯǡ͵ͳιͷͲǯǤǣͳͳͺͻǡȋϐȌǡBrasnett 63 (EA,K); 0°44’S, 31°40’E, November 1913 (fr), Fyffe 93 (EA,K); Buku,
ǡ͵ͺͲͲǤͲιͲͶǯǡ͵ʹιʹǯǤǣͳͳ͵ǡ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐǡȌǡEggeling 413 (BR,EA,FHO,K); Namauve
ǤͲιʹͷǯǡ͵ʹιͷͲǯǤǣͳͳͷͺǡͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡEggeling 432 (LUA); Jubiya C.F.R. Bukakata. 0°15’S, 31°58’E.
Alt: 1158m, May 1953 (fr), Philip, M.S. 520 (EA); Namanve forest, Kiagwe. 0°22’N, 32°41’E. Alt: 1189m, April 1932
ȋϐȌǡEggeling 589ȋȌǢ ǡǤͲιʹʹǯǡ͵ʹιͶͳǯǡͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡEggeling 707 (EA,FHO,K); Buku,
ǤͲιͲͶǯǡ͵ʹιʹǯǤǣͳͳͷͺǡͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡEggeling 1089 (EA,FHO,K); Kasansi, near Kampala.
Ͳιͳ͵ǯǡ͵ʹι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐȌǡChandler, P. 1170 (BR); Kipayo forest. 0°15’N, 32°46’E. Alt: 1219m, 2 August
ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡDümmer 1395ȋǡȌǢǤͲι͵ͳǯǡ͵͵ιͲ͵ǯǡ ȋϐǡȌǡDümmer 3965 (US,Z); Kireku swamp
ǤͲιʹ͵ǯǡ͵ʹιͶʹǯǤǣͳʹͲͲǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡRwaburindore 4103 (C,MA,MO); Mulange.
Ͳι͵ͳǯǡ͵͵ιͲ͵ǯǤǣͳʹͳͻǡȋϐǡȌǡDümmer 4340 (K,US,Z); Mulange, Mahia forest. 0°31’N, 33°03’E.
ǣ ͳʹͳͻǡ ͳͻʹʹ ȋϐȌǡ Dümmer 5597 (K); Southern Province: Maramagambo forest, near Bitereko.
Ͳι͵ʹǯǡ ʹͻιͷ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͳͳͷͺǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Harrington 389 (EA); Western Province: Siba forest.
ͳιͶͳǯǡ͵ͳιʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡSangster, R.G. 94ȋǡȌǢǤͲι͵ʹǯǡʹͻιͷ͵ǯǡͺ ͳͻͺȋϐǡ
fr), Synnott, T.J. 171 (EA); Budongo Forest NR. Busingiro. About 5 miles N. of Nyabyeya hill on track from new
ǦǡǤͳιͶǯǡ͵ͳι͵ͷǯǡͷͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡDawkins 548
(BR,EA,K); Budongo Forest, 3600ft. 1°39’N, 31°35’E. Alt: 1097m, May 1932 (fr), Harris, C.M. 725 (EA,FHO,K);
3
Ǥ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
Ǥ ǤͶǤǤͲι͵ʹǯǡʹͻιͷ͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡLock 69/
43 (EA).
ZAMBIA, ǣǤͳͲιͲͺǯǡ͵ͲιͷͷǯǡͳͲͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡFanshawe 4787 (BR,EA,FHO,K);
21 miles from Mporokoso towards Kasama. 9°26’S, 30°22’E, 17 October 1947 (st), Brenan 8135 (FHO,K).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985), Friis & Vollesen (1998)
and Verdcourt (2005).
Campylospermum cabrae (Gilg) Farron
Ǥʹ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 393 (1965). – Exomicrum cabrae (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann.
Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 8, 18: 38 (June 1903). – Ouratea cabrae Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 262
(1904). – Type: Cabra 33 (holotype: BR!) Congo.
3
ǤͶ
Treelet up to 5 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with a pale brownish coloured bark.
Stipules persistent, very narrowly triangular, ͳʹȂͳͷ long. Leaf: petiole 2–6 mm long,
slender; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, ȋͷȂȌȂͳͶȋͳǤͷȂȌʹȂͶ , ratio ͵Ȃ, base attenuate,
sometimes decurrent onto the petiole, apex slightly acuminate to acute, papyraceous, not
bullate, upper surface medium green, lower suface paler green, dull on both sides, margin
regularly serrulate, teeth with a dark tip; venation: midrib ǡϐ
slightly canaliculate below, main lateral veins 10–14 on either side, 5–10(–15) mm
ǡǡϐǡ
but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 between
each pair of main laterals, distinct on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, running
perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔ terminal, unbranched
or rarely with a short sidebranch at its base, dense; pairwise scales persistent at the base
Ǣ ʹȂͷ Ǣ ͷȂǡͳȂͷǦϐǢ
persistent, triangular-ovate to broadly ovate, 2–3 mm long, excluding the sometimes
caudate apex. Flower: ͷȂͳͲǡ ͳȂʹ from the base;
ǡϐͷȂʹȂ͵ǡ ǡ ǡͷȂͺ͵
becoming coriaceous, curved up in fruit; petals obovate to elliptic, 6–8 x 2–3 mm, clawed
at base, rounded to slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary
1–2 mm long; style 4–5 mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳ ϐǡʹȂ͵ǡ
red; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 6–7 x 4–5 mm, immature
ones reddish, mature ones black; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a
small outer cotyledon.
Notes: C. cabrae is a rare species. The above description is based on only 8 specimens,
collected between 1897 and 1966. It is characterized by having a serrulate margin with
black tipped teeth and narrowly triangular stipules. It seems close to C. glaucum with
ϐ ǡ
but which differs in having much shorter stipules and the cymules being 2-5 mm apart.
Distribution: southern Republic of the Congo, south-western Democratic Republic of
the Congo (Mayombe) and Angola (Cabinda) (Map 4).
A
ͳ
ʹ
ͳ
C
ʹ
3.7 Materials and Methods
ʹǤ Campylospermum cabrae. A. Incumbent cotyledons, with small outer cotyledon. ͳ & ʹ. stipules. C. Flowering branch. Ǥ ϐ Ǥͳ & ʹ.
Receptacle with persistent sepals. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
Map 4. Distribution of Campylospermum cabraeȋȌCampylospermum claessensii ( )
3
Ǥͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest; at altitudes below 500 m.
Phenologyǣϐ ǡ Ǣ ǡ Ǥ
Vernacular names: : Luvamba (Luki).
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋȌǤ αͳͳǡͷ͵ 2ǡ αʹǡͶͲͺ 2,
αǡ αʹ ȋ αʹʹ ȌǤ
8 specimens, collected between 1897 and 1966 and hence its present-day presence
ϐǤǡ
Ǥǡ ϐǤ
Specimens examined:
3
Ǥ
, Cabindaǣǡ ǤͶιͶͷǯǡͳʹι͵Ͷǯǡ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡGossweiler 7193 (BM,COI,LISC).
ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: région de les Saras à 6 et 30 km du carrefour de routes Sounda et les
ǤͶιʹʹǯǡͳʹιʹͲǯǡ ͳͻȋϐȌǡSita 1353 (P); ±: chantier forestier de la Mudongo, 24 km W.
Sibiti. 3°40’S, 13°20’E, 19 August 1965 (st), Farron 4491 (P).
ȋ Ȍ, Bas-Congo: Unteres Congogebiet. 5°08’S, 12°59’E, 1897 (fr), Cabra 33 (BR); Riobo
(Mayombe). 5°34’S, 13°07’E, 19 January 1940 (fr), Donis 80 (BM); Kiobo (Tshela) Leopoldville. 5°38’S,
ͳ͵ιͲǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡDonis 378ȋǡǡ ȌǢǤͷι͵ͺǯǡͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͷͶȋϐǡȌǡWagemans
784 (WAG); Luki. 5°38’S, 13°04’E, 19 May 1954 (fr), Wagemans 805 (BR,K).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
Campylospermum calanthum (Gilg) Farron
Fig. ͵
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Ouratea calantha Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst.
33: 259 (1904). – Type: Zenker 1845 (holotype: B†; isotype: HBG!, K!, P(2x)!), Cameroon,
Bipindi, 1898.
Monelasmum zenkeri Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 200 (June 1902). – Type: Zenker 1845
(holotype: P(2x)!; isotype: HBG!, K!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1898. (non Campylospermum
zenkeri (TieghǤȌ ؠC. oliveri (Tiegh.) Farron)
Monelasmum sibangense (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot, 18: 36 (June 1903).
Ouratea sibangensis Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 267 (1904). – Type: Soyaux 53 (holotype:
P!; isotype: K!), Gabon, Sibange Farm, January 22th, 1880. syn. nov.
Ouratea nigroviolacea Gilg ex Bak. in Rendle et al., Cat. pl. Oban: 124 (1913). -.Type:
Talbot 1282 (holotype: K!), Nigeria, Oban.
Tree up to 10 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with dark brown coloured bark. Stipules
persistent, narrowly to very narrowly triangular, 4–12(–25) mm long. Leaf: petiole
ʹȂͳͲ long, stout, canaliculate above; leaf blade elliptic to elliptic-obovate or
rarely obovate or narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋͺȂȌͳȂʹͲȋȂ͵ǤͷȌ ȋ͵ǤͷȂȌȂͳͲȋȂͳʹǤͷȌ
cm, ratio ȋʹǤʹͷȂȌ͵ȂͶ, base generally cuneate or sometimes attenuate, rarely rounded,
apex acuminate or rarely acute, coriaceous, slightly to distinctly bullate, upper side
green, glossy, lower side paler green, dull, margin serrulate, sometimes shallowly so,
Ǣ ǣ ϐ ǡ ǡ
main lateral veins ͳ͵Ȃʹʹ on either side, ȋȂȌͳͲȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͲȌ, ϐ
prominent on both sides, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but curved
upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–3 in between each
3.7 Materials and Methods
pair of main lateral veins, slightly sunken on upper side, prominent on lower side,
tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, indistinct on upper side,
fairly distinct on lower. ϔ terminal, branched, lax; pairwise scales at the
base of peduncle persistent, sometimes leafy, 15–20(–30) x 4–10 mm, its main axis
(8–)15–35(–38) cm long; racemes 2–7, slender, (5–)8–19(–23) cm long, ascendant or
rarely held horizontally; bracts persistent, triangular, 3–15(–30) mm long; cymules
ͲǤͷȂʹ ǡͳȂȋȂͳͷȌǦϐǤFlower: pedicel 5–9 mm, articulated at 2–4 mm from
ǢǡϐȂͺ͵ȂͶǡȂͳͲͶȂǡ ǡ
apex acute to rounded; petals obovate, 3–9 x 3–6 mm, truncate at base, rounded to
slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style
4–5 mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳ ϐǡͶȂͶȂ5 mm; drupelets
1–4 well developed per receptacle, reniform, slightly compressed, 8–11 x 6-8 mm;
cotyledons accumbent,ά in size.
Notes: C. calanthum ϐ C. dybovskii. The former
generally has much broader leaf blades with lateral veins prominent below, but some
C. calanthum specimens may have fairly narrow leaf blades while some C. dybovskii
specimens may have lateral veins that are slightly prominent below. In those cases, C.
calanthum can be recognized by its persistent stipules and slightly to distinctly bullate
leaves (caducous stipules and non-bullate leaves in C. dybovskii).
Distribution: south-eastern Guinea, southern Liberia, Ivory Coast to Ghana, Nigeria,
ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ
Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola (Cabinda) (Map ͷ).
Ecology: in primary, secondary, high, dense gallery forest, coastal, littoral wet and
swamp forest, forest edges, along rivers; on brown, sandy soil and brown reddish clay;
at up to 1100 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋǡǡȌǤα͵ǡʹͷǡͶ͵Ͳ2ǡα͵ǡͶ͵ǡͳͶͲ2,
αʹͶ ȋ α ͵ͺͻ ȌǤ ǡ
which seems to indicate it in not uncommon in the wild, and occurs from West Africa all
the way down to Angola (Cabinda) and is found in a wide variety of habitats. Therefore, the
category of Least Concern seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, CabindaǣǤͶι͵Ͷǯǡͳʹι͵ǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͳͻȋϐȌǡGossweiler 7806 (BM,BR,COI,K,LISC).
, Central Province: Nkongkengui, 12 km NNE Makak, à 50 km WSW. de Yaounde (feuille IGN
ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ ȌǤ ͵ι͵ͻǯ ͳͳιͲͷǯǡ ͳ ͳͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ Letouzey 11531 (K,P); East Province: Dja Fauna
ǡǤ͵ιͲͻǯͳʹιͶǯǡʹʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡNguembou Kamgang 862 (BR,YA); Réserve de
ǡǦǤʹιͷͳǤʹǯͳ͵ιʹͲǤͷǯǡ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡSonké 1596 (BR); About 10 km S. of Dimako,
SW. of Bertoua. 4°19’N 13°34’E. Alt: 630m, 1 August 1961 (fr), Breteler 1728 (BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA);
Littoral: Forstexpedition 1908. 3°44’N 11°10’E, (st), Büsgen 404 (B); Lake Tissongo, 16 km EES of Mouanko.
3°35’N 9°52’E, 12 September 1983 (fr), Asonganyi 651 (P); Nlonako, 5 km SSE Nkongsamba. 4°54’N 9°57’E.
Alt: 1100m, 17 March 1976 (st), Letouzey 14458 (P); South Province: Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, June 1899
(fr), Zenker s.n.ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡȋϐȌǡZenker s.n. (FHO); 19 km S Lolodorf, 1 SW Ebom II, 1 km on
transect 9B. Primary forest on hill top, 3°03’N 10°42’E. Alt: 370m, 29 September 1995 (fr), Winter, A.J. de 40
3
Ǥ
3
Ǥͺ
3.7 Materials and Methods
͵Ǥ Campylospermum calanthum. Fruiting branch. Drawing by Sabine Bousani
ͷ. Distribution of Campylospermum calanthum
3.7 Materials and Methods
(WAG); Ngongonjie hill, near Akonetye S of Ebolowa. 2°30’N 11°08’E. Alt: 630m, 16 January 1978 (fr), Koufani
48 (P); Mvimi. 2°22’N 10°06’E, 8 January 1984 (fr), Kaji 83 (P); Lolodorf, Ngowayang. 3°15’N 10°37’E, 14 June
ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡAnnet 260ȋȌǢǤʹιͶǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡʹ ͳͺͻͷȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 293ȋȌǢϐǤǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ
ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡZenker 382 (B,C,G,HUH,LD,LY,US,WAG); Block I2. 3°06’N 10°44’E. Alt: 550m, 17 November 1995
(st), Elad 412 (KRIBI,WAG); Nkol Bidjouka, 38 km SW de Lolodorf. 3°06’N 10°25’E. Alt: 250m, 7 February
1979 (fr), Satabié 423ȋȌǢǤ͵ιʹͻǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡAnnet 435 (P); environ
ǯǡͶͲǤʹι͵ͷǯͻιͷͶǯǡ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡSatabié 464 (P); Kribi. 2°57’N 9°55’E, 12
ͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡWinkler, H.J.P. 815 (Z); near Bipaga II, km 40 Kribi-Edéa road., 30m 3°09’N 10°01’E. Alt:
͵Ͳǡʹͺ ͳͻͺʹȋϐǡȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 975 (MO,WAG,YA); Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km
après village Bidou III. 2°48.23’N 10°02.04’E. Alt: 79m, 27 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1206 (LBV,WAG,YA);
Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.26’N 10°02.10’E. Alt: 85m, 27 March
2010 (fr), Bisse ien
I hopgou 1218 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi. 2°45.13’N 9°52.92’E. Alt: 45m, 28 March
2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1223 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi. 2°45.13’N 9°52.92’E. Alt: 45m,
28 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1224 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi., 39m, 2°45.17’N
9°52.85’E. Alt: 39m, 28 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1225 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Campo, 20 km de Kribi.
2°45.17’N 9°52.85’E. Alt: 39m, 28 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1226 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bidou I, 40
km de Kribi. 3°03.55’N 10°11.52’E. Alt: 44m, 30 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1236 (LBV,WAG,YA); route
ǦǡǤ͵Ǥ͵ιͲͶǤͳ͵ǯͳͲιʹͲǤͶͷǯǤǣͻǡ͵Ͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1242
(LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bipindi, PK7.3 avant Bipindi. 3°04.13’N 10°20.45’E. Alt: 97m, 30 March 2010 (fr),
Bissiengou 1244 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.3’N
10°25.1’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1256 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village
Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.3’N 10°25.1’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1257
(LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E. Alt: 230m,
31 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1263 (LBV,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Bibabimvoto, along transect T4.
ʹιͳͷǤͳǯͳͲιʹͳǤͻǯǤǣͶͲǡͳ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡElad 1273 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo-Ma’an area, Mvini, along
transect T7. 2°19.3’N 10°08.4’E. Alt: 60m, 17 February 2000 (fr), Elad 1288 (KRIBI,WAG); colline à droite du
km 28 de la route Kribi-Lolodorf. 3°03’N 10°07’E, 12 April 1949 (fr), Letouzey 1288 (P); Campo Ma’an area,
ǤʹιʹǤǯͳͲιͳǤͺǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͶʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡElad 1566 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG); Kribi-Ebolowa
km 9. 2°53’N 9°58’E, 5 January 1968 (fr), Bamps 1691ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶ͵ǯǡͺ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡ
Bamps 1735ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻͺȋϐȌǡZenker 1845 (BM,E,G,K,Z); Bipindi Urwaldgebiet.
3°05’N 10°25’E, 1904 (fr), Zenker 2768 (BM,G,K,LY); Efoulan, Ongongo and Nkolomekok hills in Akom II area.
ʹιͶͶǤͻǯͳͲι͵ʹǤͷǯǤǣͶͲͲǡʹͶʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2827 (WAG); Ma’an, Nvili Ayet, Forest 1,5
hours walk North of Ma’an village, behind nvili creek. 2°22’N 10°36’E. Alt: 540m, 13 February 2001 (fr), Andel,
T.R. van 3146 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); E. of Bwambe Cath. Mission, 6 km S of Kribi, shady forest edge. 2°53’N
ͻιͷͶǯǡͺͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 3238 (BR,C,K,MA,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Ebodje, Likodo River bank.,
2°34’N 9°50’E. Alt: 10m, 31 March 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van 3257 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Lobé, Pfourpfoua
ȋȌǡǤʹιͷͳǯͻιͷͶǯǤǣʹͲǡͳʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3429 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA);
ͻ Ǥ ͵ιͲͲǯ ͻιͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bos, J.J. 3508 (BR,E,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA);
ǡǡ ǡǤǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͺ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3537
(KRIBI,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Akom II, Nkol Dangueng. 2°48’N 10°32’E. Alt: 405m, 19 August 2001 (fr),
Andel, T.R. van 3945 (WAG); entre Fenda (60 km ESE de Kribi) et rivière Kienke. 2°49’N 10°25’E, 22 January
1962 (fr), Letouzey 4094ȋȌǢ°°Ǥ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤ
3°14’N 12°04’E, 13 February 1962 (fr), Letouzey 4204 (P); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (st), Zenker
4253 (BM,E,G,K,MA,W); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1912 (fr), Zenker 4487 (BM,E,G,K,S,W); 20 km from
Kribi, 3 km N. of Lolodorf road, SFIA forest exploitation., 3°02’N 10°03’E, 18 July 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5091
(BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); 30 km N. of Kribi. 3°08’N 10°01’E, 28 November 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5736 (WAG); 22 km
from Kribi, 3 - 4 km S. of Lolodorf road. 2°59’N 10°04’E, 25 February 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6411 (BAS,P,WAG);
28 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road, Bidou I, summit of Calvary mountain. 3°01’N 10°07’E. Alt: 300m, 17 June
1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6952 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); 11 km N. of Kribi, Edea road., 3°00’N 9°57’E, 24 June
1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6964 (BAS,WAG); 60 km N. of Kribi, 3 km E. of Edea road. 3°20’N 10°07’E, 11 July 1970
(st), Bos, J.J. 7086 (AAU,B,BR,C,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); Kribi, Km 9 sur la route d’Edea, près du village
Ebouyoie. 3°00’N 9°58’E, 25 April 1970 (st), Farron 7131 (P); 25 km from Kribi, 2 km N. of Lolodorf road.
3
Ǥͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͲ
3°01’N 10°05’E, 28 July 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7160 (AAU,B,BR,C,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); 38 km on the
road from Kribi to Campo., 2°38’N 9°51’E, 3 December 1974 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7781 (WAG); Ongongondjé
hill, on gentle slope, 17 km NW. of Ambam, close to the village of Akonékyé. 2°29’N 11°10’E. Alt: 730m, 27
December 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8721 (MO,P,WAG,YA); à 20 km SSE de Zingui (soit à 50 km au SE de Kribi.).
2°38’N 10°16’E, 15 March 1968 (fr), Letouzey 9054 (P); Nkoemvone, 12 km S Ebolowa. 2°50’N 11°09’E, 26
ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡRaynal, J. 10038 (P); 12 km E Nyabesan vers Asseng. 2°25’N 10°32’E, 3 March 1963 (fr),
Raynal, J. 10167 (P); Ebemwok, 55 km W Ebolowa. 2°49’N 11°41’E, 13 March 1963 (fr), Raynal, J. 10436 (P);
30 km SE of Bipindi. 2°55’N 10°35’E, 26 February 1993 (fr), Breteler 12018 (WAG); 40-50 km E. of Campo.
2°30’N 10°15’E, 1 March 1993 (fr), Breteler 12036 (WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Eboundja, in the Campo area
ǤʹιͶͷǤʹǯͻιͷͶǤͺǯǤǣͶͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͲʹȋϐǡȌǡTchouto Mbatchou EBOUX
39 (WAG); Akom II, Efoulan hills between plots EFOU1 and 4. 2°44.9’N 10°32.5’E. Alt: 480m, 26 April 2000
(fr), Tchouto Mbatchou EFOUX 8 (WAG); Ma’an, forest between Meyos Ntem and Nsengou. 2°10.9’N 10°34.8’E.
Alt: 440m, 5 February 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou NSEX 235 (WAG); Onoyong, forest between plots ONO1
en 10. 2°31.7’N 10°41.8’E. Alt: 360m, 18 March 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou ONOX 104 (WAG); Campo Ma’an
ǡǡ ͵Ǥʹιͳ͵ǤͷǯͳͲιͲͳǤͲǯǤǣͶͲǡͳͷʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡ
Tchouto Mbatchou T3X 49 (WAG); South-West Province: Réserve forestière d’Eymojock env. 50 km E Manfe.
5°42’N 8°51’E, 14 February 1985 (fr), Onana 178 (P); Nndian-Dibonda- Ekumbako road. 4°55’N 8°52’E. Alt:
ͳͲͲǡʹͶͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡNemba, J. 358 (MO,P,WAG); Korup National Park, P transect, plot 23T. 5°00’N
ͺιͶͺǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹ͵ ʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡBurgt, X.M. van der 583 (G,G,SCA,WAG); Korup Reserve, Transect
Ǥ Ͷιͷͻǯ ͺιͷͳǯǡ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 708 (K,WAG); Korup National Park. Mature rain forest on
ǤͷιͲͳǯͺιͷͲǯǤǣͷͲǡͷ ͳͻͺͶȋϐǡȌǡThomas, D.W. 4152 (BR,K,MO); Mundemba town.
ͷιͷͺǯͺιͷͷǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹͲ ͳͻͺͶȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 4236 (K,MO,WAG); Mundemba town. 4°58’N 8°55’E.
Alt: 100m, 1 September 1984 (st), Thomas, D.W. 4260 (BR,MO); 2 km S of Ikassa last Bush-Mosongisele trail
on right of way being cleared for new military road to Bakassi. 4°56’N 8°46’E. Alt: 60m, 18 November 1994
ȋϐǡȌǡGereau 5544 (BR,WAG); Lake Ejaghan forest reserve. 5°46’N 9°17’E, 6 March 1963 (fr), White, F. 8624
ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ͳ Ǥ Ǥ ͶιʹͶǯ ͻιʹǯǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ
Brenan FHI 9303 (K); along the line in compartment 1 in Banga N.A.F.R. S. Bakundu. 4°24’N 9°27’E, 9 January
1956 (fr), Binuyo FHI 35165 (FHI,FHO,K,P); West Province: Mts. Bamboutos, route des Mbos. 5°15’N 10°00’E.
ǣͳͳͲͲǡͳͲ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡMeurillon, A. CNAD 653 (BR,K).
, Ǧ±±ǣ Ǥ ʹι͵ʹǯ ͳιͳͲǯǤ ǣ ͵ͷͲǡ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Harris, D.J. s.n.ȋǡ ȌǢ ǤǦǡͶͷǤ
study area on trail from Keni‚ to Njeke stream E from K 3000. 2°22’N 16°10’E. Alt: 350m, 16 November 1988
(fr), Harris, D.J. 1600 (K,MO,UPS,WAG); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga., 2°47’N 16°25’E, 20 May
ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 4901 (E).
ȋ Ȍ, ǣ 28 September 1965 (fr), Farron 4631 (P); Cuvette: Alima-Likouala,
région de M’Bomo, réserve de chasse d’Odzala (M’Boko). 0°13’S 14°20’E, 15 December 1970 (fr), Sita 2993
ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǧ ǡ ϐǡ ǯ Ǥ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͷιͶʹǯǡ ͳͲ ͳͻͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Descoings 9164 (BR,P,WAG); Kouilou: Kissanou. 4°15’S 13°30’E, 26 June 1984 (st), Zinga 106 (P); ±:
ǡǤ͵ιͲ͵ǯͳͶιͲͶǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡSita 3230 (BR,P);
: route Mossendjo, Mayoko Km 10. 2°53’S 12°40’E, 16 May 1965 (fr), Bouquet, A. 1312 (P); route
Malinga-Divénié, 4 km du village Mollo. 2°29.64’S 12°09.61’E. Alt: 480m, 13 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1325
(LBV,WAG); à 45 km environ de Komonom, Chantier SIDETRA route de Mossendjo près du village Nyanga.
3°08’S 12°56’E, 19 January 1968 (st), Bouquet, A. 2377 (P); Sangha: 15 km E of Kabo. 2°10.27’N 16°08.42’E,
19 August 2006 (st), Mbani, O.A. 6ȋǡ ȌǤʹιͳʹǤͺǯͳιʹ͵ǤǯǤǣ͵ʹʹǡͳʹͲͳͳȋϐȌǡNdolo Ebika
585 (E,IEC,WAG); Makamba Bai. 2°09.61’N 16°09.18’E, 27 June 2007 (fr), Harris, D.J. 9462 (E,IEC,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Bandunduǣ ȋȌǤιͶͲǯͳιʹͲǯǡ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡDujardin 418 (BR);
Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, May 1921 (fr), Vanderyst, H.J.R. 9437 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͶιͲǯ ͳͻι͵ǯǡ ͳͻʹͳ ȋϐȌǡ
Vanderyst, H.J.R. 9681 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, September 1921 (fr), Vanderyst, H.J.R. 10683 (BR); BasCongoǣ±Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡCompère 173 (BR); Luki, pont de la Nkakala,
Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳͷͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡWagemans 806 (BR); EquateurǣǤͲιͲ͵ǯ
18°15’E, 1913 (fr), Broun s.n.ȋȌǢǤͲιͲǯͳͺιͶͳǯǡ ͳͻͶͳȋϐǡȌǡHulstaert 164 (BR); Eala.
ͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLeemans, J. 371 (K,WAG); Botsima, station de recherche. 1°09’S 21°57’E, 4 March
1991 (fr), Dhetchuvi Matchu-Mandje 854ȋȌǢǤͲιͲǯʹͲιͲͺǯǡͳͻͶ͵ȋϐȌǡHulstaert 908 (BR); Wamba,
3.7 Materials and Methods
zone de Djolu. 0°01’N 22°33’E, 3 December 1988 (fr), Nsola 1216 (BR); Bolili. 0°23’S 23°57’E, January 1939
ȋϐȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2040ȋȌǢǦǡ ǤͲιͶͺǯʹͲι͵͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡEvrard,
C.M. 2192 (K,WAG); Basankusu. 1°13’N 19°49’E, 19 September 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4823 (WAG); KasaiOrientalǣ Ǥ ͶιͲǯ ʹʹιͷͲǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Laurent, É. s.n. (BR); Lusambo. 4°58’S 23°26’E, 1
ͳͻͲ͵ȋϐȌǡLaurent, É. s.n. (BR); Kinshasa: M’Vuasi (Thysville). 5°27’S 14°54’E, 30 January 1956 (fr),
Dubois, J. 95 (WAG); OrientaleǣǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡGiorgi 677 (BR); Mobwasa. 2°40’N
ʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡGiorgi 852 (BR); Yangambi, le long de la rivière Isalowe. 0°46’N 24°30’E. Alt: 470m, 16
ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 9802 (BR); 15 km au Nord-Est de Yambao. 0°59’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 3 July 1939
ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 15456 (BR); 22 km à l’Est de Yangambi., 0°46’N 24°27’E, 23 September 1939 (fr), Louis, J.L.P.
16107 (BM,BR,K,P).
, Rio Muniǣ Ǧǣ Ǧ Ǥ ȋϐȌǡ Tessmann 104 (K); West-Afrika:
Ǧ ǤȋϐȌǡ Tessmann 120 (K); 9 July 1999 (st), Eneme Efua 415 (BATA,BRLU,WAG); West-Afrika:
Ǧ ǤȋϐȌǡTessmann 807 (K); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 13 March 1997
(fr), Ngomo 2 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de Monte Chocolate. 1°46’N 10°16’E, 8 January
ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡReeth 146 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 28 May 1997 (fr), Ngomo 177 (BRLU); subida al
ǡ ǤͳιͶͷǯͳͲιͳǯǡͳͶ
2001 (fr), Cabezas 205 (MA); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de Mosumo., 1°37’N 10°02’E, 18 January
ͳͻͻͺȋϐǡȌǡReeth 277 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de Mosumo. 1°37’N 10°02’E, 19 January
ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡReeth 288ȋȌǢ Ǥͳι͵ǯͳͲιͳǯǡͳͲͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡNgomo 438
(BRLU); S.O. du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon.
1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 195m, 15 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 452 (BRLU); S.O. du parc National de Monte
Alen, 200 m au Sud du transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 1620 m du début du layon. 1°35.62’N 10°03.30’E.
Alt: 410m, 4 March 2001 (fr), Senterre 631 (BRLU); région continentale. Parc Nat. Monte Alen, Mosumo,
ϐ ȏαȐǤ ͳι͵ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹͷ ͳͻͻͺ ȋȌǡ Obama 680 (BRLU);
±ǣǤͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡ ͳͻͻͻȋȌǡ
Pérez Viso 1342 (MA); S.O. du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour
aller aux cataractas. 1°37.13’N 10°04.69’E. Alt: 440m, 11 January 2002 (fr), Senterre 1769 (BRLU); S.O. du
parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.49’N
10°04.53’E. Alt: 270m, 15 January 2002 (fr), Senterre 1880 (BRLU); S. du parc National de Monte Alen, au
Nord du Rio Lana, près de la Cabana ECOFAC de Misergue. 1°26.18’N 10°13.16’E. Alt: 530m, 29 January 2002
(fr), Senterre 2098 (BRLU); S. du parc National de Monte Alen, près de la Cabana ECOFAC de Esamalanas.
ͳι͵ͳǤʹǯͳͲιͳʹǤ͵ǯǤǣͶͲǡ͵Ͳ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡSenterre 2124 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 5
km à l’Ouest du village d’Engong. 1°37’N 10°18’E. Alt: 1100m, 11 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 2880 (BRLU); Parc
ǡ Ǥͳι͵ǯͳͲιͳͺǯǤǣͳͳͲǡͳͳʹͲͲʹȋϐǡȌǡParmentier
2930ȋȌǢǦǡ͵ʹǦ͵͵Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹǯǡͺ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 4598
ȋǡ ǡǡ ȌǢ ±ǡ Ǥ ͳιͶͲǯ ͳͲιͳͺǯǡ ͳ ʹͲͲͳ ȋȌǡ
Velayos 10024 (MA); Parc National de Monte Alen, transect de monte Alen, km 0 à 1. 1°39’N 10°18’E, 11 July
1995 (fr), Lejoly 95/ 135 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°18’E, 22 September 1997 (fr), Lisowski 1559 (BRLU);
Rio Muni, Litoral: Rio Mbambala, campement Shimmer km 16 (entre Rio Muni et Monte Mitra)., 1°16’N
ͻιͷͶǯǡʹʹͳͻͻȋϐȌǡNguema Miyono 26 (BRLU); Ayamiken ( Reserva de Rio Campo). 2°07’N 10°01’E,
1 February 1997 (fr), Obama 33ȋȌǢÀǡ ǤǡͳιͳͶǯͻιͷͶǯǡ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡ
Nguema Miyono 131ȋȌǢǤͳιʹ͵ǯͻιͷǯǡʹͺͳͻͻȋϐȌǡObama 313 (BRLU); Alen
ȋͳͷȌǡǤͳι͵ͷǯͻιͶǯǡͶ ͳͺͻȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 588 (G,Z);
ǣǤͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹʹ ʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡPérez Viso 1630 (MA); Eyan Bot, Km 12 de la carreta
del puerto a Kogo. 1°47’N 9°47’E, 26 July 2000 (fr), Pérez Viso 3564 (MA); Sendje à Ongamnsok. 1°22’N 9°58’E,
19 February 2001 (st), Lejoly 01/ 24 (BRLU); Sendje à Ongamnsok. 1°22’N 9°58’E, 19 February 2001 (st),
Lejoly 01/ 52 (BRLU); ǡ: Eviam, Aconibe-Acurenam. 1°11’N 10°47’E, 7 March 2000 (fr),
Pérez Viso 1773 (MA); Inselberg Dumu. Région continentale. 1°22’N 11°19’E. Alt: 750m, 15 January 1999 (st),
Lejoly 99/ 346 (BRLU).
, EstuaireǣͲιʹͷǯͻι͵Ͳǯǡʹʹ ͳͺͺͲȋϐȌǡSoyaux 53 (K,P); Forest exploitation Leroy, 20 km N.W.
ǤͲιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͳʹǯǤǣͷͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde (WALK-B), J.J.F.E. de 237 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG);
ǡ Ͷͳ͵ͷͲ Ǥ Ͳιͷǯ ͳͲιͳͲǯǡ ʹͺ ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐȌǡ Mayombo-Nzengue 505
ȋȌǢ ǡ ͷʹͲͲ ǤǡͲι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹǯǡʹ͵ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡNguema Miyono
3
Ǥͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥʹ
1435 (LBV,WAG); Secondary forest (Forêt de la Mondah), ca 10 km NNW of Libreville. 0°35’N 9°23’E, 22 April
1986 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 2136 (WAG); route Libreville-Cap Estérias, savane entourée dela forêt., 0°41’N 9°40’E,
ͳͻ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M. 2828 (LBV,MO,WAG); Monts de Cristal, 14 km de Kinguélé. 0°20’N 10°10’E,
20 January 1968 (st), Hallé, N. 4596 (P); Crystal Mountains, 5 km on road Kinguélé to Libreville. 0°24.7’N
ͳͲιͳͷǤǯǤǣͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4728 (WAG); Mondah forest, military area S of Cap
±ǡǤͲι͵ͶǤͺͻǯͻιͳͻǤͳǯǤǣ͵ͲǡʹͲʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J.
5455 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Crystal Mountains N.P., left bank of Mbei River opposite Kinguélé, in permanent
Ha-plot 5 of Smithsonian. 0°27.35’N 10°16.84’E. Alt: 180m, 25 March 2013 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7708 (WAG);
Waterfalls above the hydroelectric power station at Kinguélé. 0°28’N 10°17’E. Alt: 200m, 21 November
ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8920 (BR,LBV,M,P,PRE,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 25 km on the road KinguéléTchimbélé. 0°32’N 10°17’E. Alt: 340m, 20 January 1991 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10096 (LBV,MO,WAG); NW of
ǡ Ǥ Ͳι͵ͷǯ ͻιʹͲǯǤ ǣ ͳǡ ʹͻ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Leeuwenberg 11385
ȋ ȌǢ ǡ ǦǤͲιͳ͵ǯͳͲιͳͻǯǡ ͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 26930 (P);
ǡ ǦǤ Ͳιͳ͵ǯ ͳͲιͳͻǯǡ ͳͻͳʹ ȋϐȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 26980 (P); Haut±ǣǯǤ ǤʹιͲǤͷǯͳͶιͲͶǤͲͺǯǤǣͶʹͲǡʹʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡ
Bradley, A.F. 1100 (MO,WAG); 37 km road Okondja to Akiéni. 0°52.27’S 13°50.32’E. Alt: 440m, 3 February
ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Wieringa, J.J. 6403 (LBV,WAG); 40 km on road Okondja to Akiéni, then 2 km on a new CEB
forestry road heading East. 0°53.8’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 420m, 6 February 2008 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 6503
ȋǡ ȌǢ ͷǦͳͲ Ǧ Ǥ ͳιͳͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡ ͵ ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ
Breteler 12508 (HBG,LBV,MO,WAG); Ǧ±: 13 km E de Belle Vue. 0°35’S 10°37’E, 13 January
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡDibata 39 (LBV,MO,WAG); zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, rive nord de la
°±ǤͲιͶͻǤͳʹǯͳͲι͵ͳǤ͵͵ǯǤǣͳͺǡͷ ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐǡȌǡBidault 1056 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG);
zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, rive sud de la rivière Ngounié. 0°48.85’S 10°29.88’E.
Alt: 52m, 7 February 2013 (fr), Bidault 1080 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Ezanga. Layon A nord. 1°07’S 10°14’E,
1991 (fr), Wilks 2447 (LBV,WAG); Missanga, 5-15 km NNW of Ndjolé. 0°05’S 10°45’E, 11 November 1991
ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 10384 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ͷǦͳͷ ±Ǥ ͲιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ
Breteler 10507ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ǤͷǦ͵Ͳ±ǤͲιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳͻͳͻͻʹȋϐǡȌǡBreteler
10900ȋǡ ȌǢ ǤʹͲǦ͵Ͳ±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤǣͳͷͲǡͳ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡBreteler
13114 (BR,E,HUJ,IEC,K,MA,MEL,MO,NY,PE,WAG,YA); ±: Missionary station at Mouyanama 15 km on
the road Mimongo - Mbigou (60 km along the road from Mbigou). 1°39’S 11°46’E. Alt: 690m, 6 February
ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde (WALK-B), J.J.F.E. de 418 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Waka National Park, Mt. Boutoumbe, lower
slope. 1°14.8’S 11°08.7’E. Alt: 600m, 6 June 2006 (fr), Nguema Ekomo 635 (LBV); après village Mavova,
route du chantier forestier EGG. 2°19.04’S 11°56.47’E. Alt: 290m, 18 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1384
(LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.08’S 11°53.10’E. Alt: 411m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1399
(LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°16.78’S 11°52.65’E. Alt: 471m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1400
(LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°16.78’S 11°52.65’E. Alt: 471m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1401
(LBV,WAG); CFAD de Rimbunan Hijau, au Sud-Ouest du Parc National de la Lopé. 0°51.0’S 11°15.9’E. Alt:
375m, 28 January 2009 (fr), Dauby 1432 (BRLU,LBV,MO); E of Waka National Park, 29 km along the road
from Mimongo village heading in SE direction. 1°10.58’S 11°19.82’E. Alt: 660m, 25 March 2007 (fr), Sosef
2548 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); E of Waka National Park, along the road from Mimongo village heading in SE
direction. 1°09.83’S 11°19.67’E. Alt: 725m, 25 March 2007 (fr), Sosef 2552 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 10 km on the
ǡ Ǥ ͳιͲʹǤͲǯ ͳͳιͲʹǤǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ʹͺ ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐȌǡ
Wieringa, J.J. 4471ȋ ȌǢ Ǥͷ ǤͳιͲͳǤͻǯͳͳιͲͳǤ͵ǯǤǣͶͲͲǡ͵ͲʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡ
Wieringa, J.J. 4511 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Guidouma. 1°35’S 10°40’E, November 1924 (st), Le Testu 5132
(BM,BR,P); Echiras. 1°40’S 10°20’E, December 1925 (st), Le Testu 5840 (BM,BR,P); Moumba Côté Ouest.
1°15’S 11°35’E. Alt: 800m, 19 May 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 6061 (P); road from Mandji into CBG concession, 18
ǡ Ǥ ͳιͶͷǤͲǯ ͳͲιͳǤͻǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͺǡ ͳͳ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐȌǡ Maas, P.J.M.
10234 (LBV,WAG); 35 km on the road Lebamba - Yéno., 300m, 1°58’S 11°25’E. Alt: 300m, 9 February 1991
(fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10473 (BR,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG); : Mayombe forest, summit, highest point in Mont
Pelé mountain range 50 km south of Tchibanga. 3°19’S 11°09’E. Alt: 860m, 9 April 2009 (fr), Koenen, E.J.M.
118ȋǡ ȌǢ ͷǤʹι͵ǯͳͲι͵ͷǯǤǣͶͺͲǡͳͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡReitsma,
J.M. 1008 (LBV,MO,NY,WAG); Moukalaba Doudou national park, chantier SFN. 2°38.08’S 10°32.66’E. Alt:
͵ͷͲǡͳ ʹͲͲͶȋϐǡȌǡValkenburg 2757 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Inventory, ca 50 km SSW of Doussala.
3.7 Materials and Methods
2°36’S 10°35’E. Alt: 480m, 14 April 1987 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 3237 (WAG); eastern slopes of DoudouǤʹι͵ͲǯͳͲι͵ǯǡʹͲͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3370 (MA,WAG); Doudou Mountains, Chantier
ǦǤʹιͶʹǤǯͳͲιʹͷǤ͵ǯǤǣͳ͵ͲǡʹͻʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡJongkind 5827 (BR,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG);
22 km along the road mayumba - Tchibanga, and then 12 km along a forest exploitation track leading in an
eastern direction. Near the River Doussa. 3°16’S 10°46’E. Alt: 100m, 10 December 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E.
de 9268 (MO,WAG); 48 km S.S.W. of Doussala. Culmination point of the road Doussala - Igotshi. 2°35’S
10°32’E. Alt: 420m, 19 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9489 (WAG); ±Ǧ : 6 km du pont Offoué
direction Lastoursville. 0°20’S 11°48’E, 3 November 1982 (st), Louis, A.M. 38 (MO,WAG); réserve de la faune
de la Lopé. 3 km sur la route vers Lopé. 0°20’S 11°30’E, 4 November 1982 (st), Louis, A.M. 60 (LBV,MO,WAG);
Ǥ ǤǤǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡDibata 400 (LBV); route Lopé-Mikongo,
après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°26.2’S 11°52.3’E. Alt: 282m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou
1023 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°26.2’S 11°52.3’E. Alt:
282m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1025 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué
ȋ ͲȌǤ ͲιʹǤʹǯ ͳͳιͷʹǤ͵ǯǤ ǣ ʹͺʹǡ ͷ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 1026 (LBV,WAG); Lopé-route
Nationale, 18 km de la sorite principale de la Lopé. 0°04.07’S 11°03.47’E. Alt: 240m, 9 March 2010 (fr),
Bissiengou 1091 (LBV,WAG); Inventory in chantier SOFORGA, Lopé-reserve. 0°30’S 11°33’E, 27 November
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2609ȋǡ ȌǢͳͲǤǤͲιͳͺǯͳͳιͶǯǡͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M.
3432 (LBV,WAG); About 20-40 km NNE of Koumémayoung. 0°15’N 11°55’E, 12 April 1988 (fr), Breteler
8620 (LBV,WAG); Lopé Reserve, 29 km in Southern direction from Old Ayem Station. 0°17.1’S 11°27.1’E. Alt:
ͳͲǡʹͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11788 (BR,LBV,MO,SEGC,WAG); Reserve de Lopé-Okanda, 1
ǤȋαʹǤȌǤͲιͲǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳͳͻͺʹȋϐǡȌǡLeeuwenberg
12423 (WAG); Ivindo, between river Sing and river Oua. 1°00’N 13°00’E, 14 September 1990 (fr), Minkébé
Series W 596 (WAG); ±Ǧ: Station de la Makandé. 0°40.7’S 11°54.6’E. Alt: 250 - 420m, 29 October
ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡDoucet, J.-.L. 442 (BR); Mont Iboundji. 1°09’S 11°47’E. Alt: 800 - 900m, 9 February 2000 (fr), Sosef
694 (LBV,WAG); camp Makandé, layon Heron 350. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 9 January 1994 (fr), Moungazi 1002
ȋȌǢͳͲ ϐ ǦǤǡͲιͶͻǯͳͳιͷͶǯǡͳͳͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡDibata 1186 (MO,WAG);
Makandé, just NE of campsite. 0°40.8’S 11°54.8’E. Alt: 250m, 12 January 2001 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 4077
ȋǡǡ ȌǢͳͳǤǡǤͲιͷʹǯͳʹιͶͲǯǤǣʹͻͲǡ
16 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5486 (BR,G,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); c. 30 km ENE of Lastoursville,
ǡǤͷȀʹǤͲιͶ͵ǤͲǯͳ͵ιͲ͵ǤͺǯǤǣʹͻͲǡʹʹ ʹͲͳ͵
(fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7657 (WAG); Bambidie 30 km E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 29 April 1992 (fr),
Breteler 11184ȋ ȌǢ͵ͲǤͲιͶͲǯͳ͵ιͲͲǯǡͳͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡBreteler 11214
ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ͶͲ Ǥ ͲιͷͲǯ ͳ͵ιͲͷǯǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 12606
(HBG,LBV,MO,WAG); Makande surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 22 January 1999 (st),
Breteler 14739 (LBV,WAG); Makande surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 1 February 1999
(st), Breteler 14879 (LBV,WAG); Makande surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. Makande. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 13
February 1999 (st), Breteler 15049 (LBV,WAG); ±Ǧ: Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 55. 1°56’S
9°52’E. Alt: 30m, 29 December 1993 (fr), Haegens 212 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 55. 1°56’S
ͻιͷʹǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡʹͻ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡHaegens 214 (E,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 9. 1°55’S
ͻιͷʹǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͺ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡHaegens 264 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rambo Rabi, NW of
Rabi site. 1°53.8’S 9°50.5’E, 13 November 1990 (st), Nek 297 (BR,E,MO,WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rambo Rabi,
NW of Rabi site., 1°53.8’S 9°50.5’E, 13 November 1990 (fr), Nek 298 (WAG); Rabi Kunga. 1°55’S 9°52’E, 27
ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡBourobou 546ȋǡ ȌǢǦ ǤͳιͷͻǤͷǯͻιͷͳǤͲǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡNek
563 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Monts Doudou, W. of Doussala and Rés. de Faune de Moukalaba. 2°15’S 10°20’E. Alt:
͵ͲǡͶ ͳͻͺͶȋϐȌǡArends 602ȋ ȌǢ ǤͳιͶǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡʹͻʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡBourobou 631
(K,LBV,P,WAG); Réserve des Monts Doudou, à ± 40 km sur la route à partir de Doussala, direction NordOuest. 2°13’S 10°24’E. Alt: 300m, 17 March 2000 (fr), Sosef 796 (LBV); Monts Doudou, à ± 40km au Nord ǡ Ǥ ʹιͳ͵ǯ ͳͲιʹͶǯǤ ǣ Ͷʹͷǡ ͺ ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Sosef 1162
(LBV); Monts Doudou, à ± 40km au Nord-Ouest de Doussala, autour du campement II. 2°13’S 10°24’E. Alt:
͵ͷǡͳͲʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡSosef 1198 (LBV); Rabi-Shell concession, Rabi, N of airport. 1°55.7’S 9°52.4’E. Alt:
56m, 24 January 2010 (fr), Dauby 2136 ȋǡǡȌǢ Ǧ ǡ ϐǤ
ͳιͷͺǤͻǯͻιͷͳǤͳǯǤǣͳͲǡʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡDauby 2198 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Rabi, Divangui savannah.
1°57.3’S 10°00.0’E. Alt: 20m, 23 March 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 2566 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ϐǡ
3
Ǥ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͶ
hectare plot, position in plot: 83E 34S. 1°55.65’S 9°52.42’E. Alt: 45m, 23 January 2005 (fr), Wieringa, J.J.
5610 (BR,E,K,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); 30 km N.W. of Doussala, in the direction of Bongo. 2°12’S 10°24’E. Alt:
400m, 16 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9389 (LBV,WAG); Rabi, near Camp. 1°55’S 9°50’E, 24 March 1990
(fr), Breteler 9422 (WAG); Rabi, near Shell camp. 1°57’S 9°53’E, 24 March 1990 (fr), Breteler 9473 (WAG);
Ca 40 km N.N.W. of Doussala. 2°02’S 10°25’E. Alt: 380m, 24 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9547
(BR,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Ca 40 km N.N.W. of Doussala. 2°02’S 10°25’E. Alt: 380m, 24 March 1988 (fr), Wilde,
J.J.F.E. de 9558ȋǡǡ ȌǢ͵ǤǡͶͲͳιͷǯͻιͷ͵ǯǤǣͶͲǡͳ ͳͻͺͻȋϐȌǡ
Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9914 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ǡ Ȁ ǡ ϐǡ Ǥǡ ͻͲǡ ͳιͷǯ ͻιͷʹǯǤ ǣ
90m, 23 January 1993 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10915ȋǡ ȌǢǡȀ ǡͺǡ
ǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͲǯǤǣͷͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 10955 (B,BR,K,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); Rabi
Ǧ Ǥ ͳιͷͷǯ ͻιͷͷǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Breteler 11443 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Ǧ: Crystal
ǡ ±±ǡ ȋ ȌǤǡͲι͵ǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡʹͳ
ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡMayombo-Nzengue 241 (LBV); Crystal mountains, 3 km E of Tchimbélé. 0°38’N 10°26’E.
ǣͷ͵Ͳǡʹ ͳͻͺͻȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 297ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢȀǦ
͵ͷͷͲǤǤǡͲιͷʹǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡ͵ͳ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡMayombo-Nzengue 303 (LBV);
10 km Lalara - Makokou, than exploitation road along Okano River, upstream for c. 42 km. 0°33’N 11°42’E.
ǣ͵ͺͲǡͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡBreteler; Wilde 459ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡ
ǤͲιͶ͵Ǥͺǯͳͳι͵ʹǤͳǯǤǣͷͲͺǡʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 702 (LBV,WAG); 13 km SE of
ǡ ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͳǯ
ͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤ ǣ ͶͻͲǡ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 733 (LBV,WAG); 14 km SE of Mitzic, road from
Ǥ ͲιͶͳǤͻǯ ͳͳι͵ͺǤͷǯǤ ǣ Ͷͺͳǡ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ
Bissiengou 739 (LBV,WAG); 35 km NNE of Mitzic, 2 km from Bordamur forestry camp. 1°02.8’N 11°43.3’E.
Alt: 545m, 8 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 770 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot II,
Smithsonian. 0°37.1’N 10°24.6’E, 11 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 933 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de
cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 11 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 934 (LBV,WAG);
Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 11 February 2010 (st),
Bissiengou 935 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot II, Smithsonian. 0°37.1’N 10°24.6’E,
12 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 947 (LBV,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 300m on transect C1., 0°36’N 10°25’E,
17 November 2000 (st), Nguema Miyono 1373 (LBV,WAG); ca 15 km NE of Oveng; Inventory. 0°44’N 11°22’E,
ͳͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2255 (WAG); Inventory Oveng; 25 km WSW of Mintsic. 0°44’N 11°22’E, 7
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2893 (MA,WAG); Minkébé area, near plot R. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 April 1990
ȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series W 95 (WAG).
, Eastern Regionǣ ιͲͺǯ Ͳιͷͷǯ ǡ ͵Ͳ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Enti GC 40265 (FHO,K,WAG);
Western Region: 4°52’N 2°14’ W, June 1882 (fr), Burton s.n. (K).
, ±±±ǣ ǤͺιʹͻǤͻͺǯͺιͷͶǤͲ͵ǯǤǣͳͲͳͷǡʹͶ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡHaba,
P.K. 646 (K,NHGC,WAG); Nimba Mountains, plot JRFL13, near Yah River. 7°35.33’N 8°27.75’ W. Alt: 649m, 11
December 2007 (st), Nimba Botanic Team JR 2003 (WAG).
IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ±ǤͷιʹͳǯͶιͲͺǯǡͳʹ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡDoorn 32 (WAG); 17 km
ǤǡͷιʹͳǯͶιͲͺǯǡͳͳͻͻȋϐȌǡVersteegh 64ȋ ȌǢ ǯ±ǤͷιʹͲǯ
ͶιͲͺǯǡʹͳͳͻͶȋϐȌǡCremers 286ȋȌǢ ǯ±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲͺǯǡͳ
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡCremers 360ȋȌǢ ǯ±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲǯǡͳͻʹ
(fr), Aké Assi 6234ȋ ȌǢ ǯ±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡAké Assi 6991
(G); Adiopodoumé, 17 km W Abidjan. Vers le petit sentier menant à l’hôtel de l’IDERT. 5°20’N 4°20’W, 14
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFarron 7071 (P); Ǧ±: route de Béréby, forêt à 3km de l’embranchement de la route
Béréby-Grabo. 4°33’N 7°01’W, 5 June 1973 (fr), Aké Assi 12101 (G); Tabou: c. 15 km E of Tabou along road
ǤͶι͵ͳǯιͳͷǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡDekker, A.J.F.M. 91 (WAG); route de Tabou, forêt près de
Djiroutou. 4°25’N 7°22’W, 28 December 1985 (fr), Aké Assi 17202 (G).
LIBERIA, : Valley between Mt Gangra and Mt Yuelliton. 7°33.92’N 8°38.22’W. Alt: 720m, 16 January
2009 (st), Jongkind 8516 (K,WAG); Nimba. 7°32’N 8°32’W. Alt: 600m, 4 March 1965 (st), Adam, J.-.G. 21092
ȋǡȌǢ ǤǦϐǤιʹͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǡͳͶͳͻ͵ȋȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 27556 (B,BR,WAG);
between Mt Gangra and Mt Yuelliton, plot SNLF01. 7°33.36’N 8°38.02’ W. Alt: 715m, 13 January 2009 (st),
Nimba Botanic Team NS 51 (WAG).
, Akwa-Ibom State: along the road from Orukun to James town. 4°42’N 8°16’E, 4 October 1964
3.7 Materials and Methods
(fr), Daramola FHI 55281 (WAG); Cross River Stateǣ Ǥ ͷιͳǯ ͺι͵͵ǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Talbot, P.A. 1282 (BM,K);
South Eastern State. Ekinta River Forest Reserve. Northern part, between pillars 18 and 19., 4°58’N 8°35’E,
ʹͳͻͳȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1467ȋ ȌǢ ǡϐǡǤͷιͷͺǯͺιͶʹǯǡ
9 December 1950 (fr), Keay FHI 28181 (K,P); Edo State: Jamieson River. 6°06’N 5°53’E, (fr), Kennedy, J.D.
1577 (A,FHO); Okomu forest reserve. Compartement No. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 14 February 1948 (fr), Brenan
9025 (BM,FHO,K).
Key literatureǣ Ƭ ȋͳͻȌǡ ȋʹͲͲͶȌǡ Ƭ ȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ
Farron (1963, 1985), Friis & Vollesen (1998), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006).
Campylospermum claessensii (De Wild.) Farron
Fig. 4
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Ouratea claessensii De Wild., Pl.
Ǥ Ͷǣ ͶͷͲ ȋͳͻʹͺȌǤ Ȃ ȋ Ȍǣ Claessens 338 (BR!; isotype:
BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Batama, March 1921.
Treelet up to 4 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with pale coloured bark. Stipules
caducous, narrowly triangular, 3–7 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–10 mm long; leaf blade
narrowly elliptic-obovate to elliptic-obovate, ͳͳȂʹͷ ͵ǤͷȂͻ cm, ratio ʹȂ͵, base
cuneate, apex acuminate, coriaceous, bullate, upper side medium green, lower side paler
green, ± glossy on both sides, margin serrulate; venation: midrib prominent on upper
side, strongly prominent on lower side, main lateral veins 12–17 on either side, 8–22
mm apart, shallowly sunken on upper side, prominent on lower side, at a right
to oblique angle with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin,
intermediate lateral veins Ͳ–͵ , sunken on
upper side and prominent on lower sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular
to the midrib, fairly distinct on upper side, distinct on lower. ϔ terminal,
branched or sometimes unbranched, robust, lax, its main axis 21–26(–31) cm long;
pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent; racemes, 0–3, 10–17(–29) cm long,
ascendant; ǡ ǡ ʹȂͶ ; cymules ͲǤͷȂʹ ǡ
ͳȂʹͲǦϐ. Flower: pedicel 8–12 mm long, articulated at 1–2 mm from the base;
ǡϐͶȂʹȂ͵ǡͷȂͳͲ͵ȂͶǡϐ Ǧ
patent; petals obovate, 9–10 x 5–7 mm, clawed at base, rounded at apex; stamens:
anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 cm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged
to 3–5 mm wide; drupelets broadly ellipsoid, 7–8 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent,
dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: The protologue cites two syntypes, one collected by Claessens and one by
Ǥ ǡ ǡ ϐ
lectotype. C. claessensii is close to C. gabonense by having obovate leaves with shallowly
sunken main lateral veins, persistent pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle and
persistent bracts. However, C. claessensii differs from C. gabonense by having a much
ϐ ǡ ͳǦʹ
as well as caducous and smaller stipules.
3
Ǥͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥ
Distribution: endemic to the eastern half
of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
(Maniema, North Kivu, South Kivu and
Orientale provinces) (Map 4).
Ecology: in high primary and secondary
forest, swamp forest; at 470–800 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ
except for February and May; fruits observed
in March, June, October and December.
Vernacular names:
of the Congo: Kashindabakoi (lega).
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀ
ʹȋǡǡȌǤαͳͶͺǡͲͻ2ǡαͷǡͻͻ
km2ǡ αͳǡ αʹ ȋ
α Ͷ ȌǤ
from 18 collections, the most recent one is
from 1989, and some collections fall into two
protected areas (Maiko NP and collaborative
Fishery Management Area). Thus, although
endemic to the eastern Democratic Republic
of the Congo, it does not seem to be under
severe threat and the category of Least
Concern seems most appropriate.
A
B
Figure 4. Campylospermum claessensii. A. Flower
buds. B. Flowering branch.
Specimens examined:
ȋ Ȍ, Equateur: Beond ȋȌǤ ͳιͶʹǯ ʹͷιͲ͵ǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bamps 577 (BR);
Maniema: Pangi (Maniema). 3°11’S 26°38’E, 24 June 1942 (fr), Michelson, A. 35 (BR); Parc National de la
ÃǡͶͷǡ±±ǡÃǡϐǤ
0°20’S 26°40’E, 2 June 1977 (st), Lejoly 1792ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͶǯʹιʹͶǯǡͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡLebrun 5887
ȋȌǢǤʹιͶͺǯʹιͳʹǯǡͳͺͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 5917 (K,US,WAG); route de
ǦǡǤͶιʹǯʹιͶͲǯǡ ͳͻͷʹȋϐǡȌǡGermain, R.G.A. 7897 (BM,BR); Maniéma,
près de Mengwé (à 53 km au N.W. de Lubutu)., 0°29’S 26°18’E, 6 December 1981 (st), Lejoly 81/ 534 (BR);
Maniéma, près de Mengwé (à 53 km au N.W. de Lubutu)., 0°29’S 26°18’E, 6 December 1981 (fr), Lejoly 81/ 541
(BR); Ǧ: Nyamakombola. 1°41’S 28°09’E, 23 October 1989 (fr), Terashima 152 (BR); Kabunga. 1°42’S
ʹͺιͲͻǯǡͳͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 1726 (K,WAG); Musenge, territoire Walikale. 1°38’S 28°16’E. Alt:
ͺͲͲǡͳͲ ͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡLéonard, A. 2148 (BR,P); entre Walikale et Lubutu. 1°05’S 27°20’E, 3 January
ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡBequaert 6604 (BR); OrientaleǣǤͲιͷ͵ǯʹι͵ͺǯǡ ͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡClaessens 338 (BR,WAG);
Wanierukula, km 60 rivière Maïko. 0°11’N 25°32’E, 20 March 1981 (fr), Mosango 495 (BR); North-East of
ȋȌǤͲι͵ͷǯʹͷιͳͷǯǡʹͻͳͻͷȋϐȌǡCroockewit 709 (WAG); village Yabwesu ȋǦȌǤ Ͳι͵ͺǯ ʹ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Germain, R.G.A. 8747 (BR); Yangambi, sources de
ǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13258 (BR); Sud-Kivu: Urega. 2°30’S
ʹι͵Ͳǯǡ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡLebrun 5730 (BR,P).
Key literatureǣ Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
3.7 Materials and Methods
Campylospermum congestum (Oliv.) Farron
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Gomphia congesta Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1:
322 (1868). – Ouratea congestaȋǤȌǤ ǤƬǤǡǤϐǤ
ed. 1, III, 6: 142 (1893). – Exomicrum congestum (Oliv.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 16: 338
(1902). – Type: Mann s.n (holotype: K!), Sierra Leone.
Treelet ʹǡ with branched trunk, twigs with brown coloured bark. Stipules
persistent, triangular to narrowly triangular, 2–6 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–8 mm long;
leaf blade elliptic or elliptic-obovate to narrowly elliptic, 6–20(–25) x (2–)3–6(–8)
cm, ratio ȋʹȂȌ͵ȂͶ, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, coriaceous, slightly bullate,
margin serrulate but entire towards the base, upper side medium green, lower side paler
green; midrib ǡϐ, main lateral veins ͳʹȂʹͲ
on either side, ͷȂʹͲ, prominent on upper side, ϐ impressed
beneath, at a slightly acute to right angle with the midrib but curved upward to the
margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–3 in between each pair of main lateral veins, less
prominent, tertiary venation scalariform, ϐ,
distinct to slightly so above, slightly distinct below. ϔ terminal, compact,
unbranched or occasionally with a few short racemes at the base, its main axis
3–12(–15) cm long; ͲȋȂʹȌǡ ͳȂʹ ; pairwise scales at the base of the
peduncle persistent, triangular, 3–5 mm long; bracts caducous; cymules ͲǤͷȂͳ ,
ʹȂǦϐ. Flower: pedicel ͶȂͳͳ, articulated at the very base; sepals ovate, in
ϐ ͶȂ ʹȂ͵ ǡ ͷȂ ͵ Ǧǡ ǡ
apex obtuse; petals obovate to broadly spathulate, ͷȂͳͲͶȂͺ, rounded at apex;
stamens: anthers 3–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle
Ǥʹͳϐǡ Ǥ͵ʹǢͳȂ͵ ǡ
globose, 5–6 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons ǡάǤ
Notesǣ C. squamosum by
looking at the serrulate margin and prominent main laterals on the upper side. However,
ǡϐ
ǡ Ǧ ϐ ǤǡC. squamosum the
tertiary venation is more distinct and even prominent on the lower surface, while the
pedicel is articulated well above the base. See also the note under C. squamosum.
Distribution: West Africa, from Guinea to western Ivory Coast (Map ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary, high, disturbed forest, along streams; at 15–1248 m
altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ Ǣ
May and in September.
Uses: The Mende people of Sierra Leone crush the leaves and then put it on the cut of a
palm that has just been tapped to keep off bees who would otherwise drink the palmsap (Burkill, 1997).
3
Ǥ
3.7 Materials and Methods
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ αͳͳͺǡͻͺͳ 2ǡ αͺͻǡʹͻ 2,
α͵͵ǡ αͻ ȋ αͻ ȌǤ
scattered occurrence while some subpopulations occur in Forest Reserves such as
Sangouine (Ivory Coast), Kpelle (Liberia), Lorma (Liberia) and Mont Tonkoui (Guinea).
Therefore, the category of Least Concern has been assigned.
3
Ǥͺ
. Distribution of Campylospermum congestumȋȌCampylospermum costatum ( )
Specimens examinedǣ
, Kindia: Basse-Guinée, région de Forécariah. 9°26’N 13°06’W, May 1950 (st), Schnell 5513 (P);
±±±ǣǤǡ ͳǤͺιͲͳǤͲǯͻιͲ͵Ǥ͵ǯǤǣͷͳʹǡͷ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 814 (WAG);
ǡ ͲͶǤι͵ͻǤͳǯͺιʹʹǤ͵ͲǯǤǣͳʹͶͺǡͳ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡNimba Botanic Team
JR 1058 (WAG).
IVORY COAST, Manǣ²ǤιͳͺǯιͶͺǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡBamps 1933 (BR); forêt classée
ǤιͳͺǯιͶͺǯǡͶ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡBamps 2189 (BR); Mont Tonkoui. 7°22’N 7°42’W, January 1950
ȋϐȌǡSchnell 4049ȋȌǢǤιʹʹǯιͶʹǯǡ ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡSchnell 4090 (P).
LIBERIA, ǣͳͺͻͷȋϐȌǡCook, O.F. 129 (US); BongǣιͲͲǯͻιʹͻǯǡͳͻͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡLinder,
D.H. 624 (A,K); Gbanga. 7°00’N 9°29’W, 19 September 1926 (st), Linder, D.H. 625 (K); Gbarpolu: Kpelle Forest.
ǤιʹͲǤʹǯͳͲιʹͲǤʹǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡͳͶ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 10140 (BR,MO,WAG); Kpelle
Ǥ ǤιͳͺǤʹǯͳͲιʹͲǤͳǯǤǣ͵ͶͲǡͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 10206 (BR,WAG);
Grand Cape MountǣͶ ǤιʹʹǯͳͳιͲǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡ
Jansen, J.W.A. 1779 (BR,MO,WAG); Genna Tanyehun 7°15’N 10°44’W, 21 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr, J.T. 10757
(K); Grand Gedehǣ ǡǤͷιͶͳǤͳǯͺιͲͺǤʹǯǤǣʹͷǡʹͲ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9158
(MO,WAG); LofaǣǤͺιͲͷǯͻι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͻͶͶȋϐȌǡBequaert (Liberia series) 122
(A,K); Kpelle National Forest 58 miles E of Bopolu. 7°40’N 10°05’W, 18 January 1978 (st), Gier 189 (MO,WAG);
ǤͺιͲʹǯͻιͶͶǯǡʹͳʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡJongkind 6782 (WAG); between Ziggida and
ǤͺιͲʹǤͲǯͻιʹͻǤǯǤǣͷ͵Ͳǡͻ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡJongkind 9391 (FHO,WAG); South-west of
Ziggida. 8°01.3’N 9°30.1’W. Alt: 490m, 15 February 2010 (fr), Jongkind 9523 (WAG); Montserrado: Kakatown.
ι͵ʹǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡWhyte, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡStraub, F.C. 52 (US); near Firestone plantation. 6°16’N 10°20’W,
ȋϐȌǡWarner, R.M. 94ȋȌǢ ǡ͵͵ǤιͳͻǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡ͵ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡStoop - v.d.
131ȋǡ ȌǢǡιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡCooper, G.P. 162 (A,BM,FHO,K,US); Du River.
Ǥ͵ǤιʹͲǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡʹͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLinder, D.H. 217 (A); New University Arboretum
3.7 Materials and Methods
͵ͲǤιʹͶǯͳͲι͵ͻǯǡʹ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡHarten 223 (WAG).
, ǣʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡMarmo 218 (K); ǣͳ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡMarmo
221 (K);
ǣͳͻͳͷȋϐǡȌǡThomas, N.W. 8666 (K); Eastern Province: Gola North FR (Garua). 7°16’N 11°18’W,
ʹͶ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBakshi 39ȋȌǢ Ǥͺι͵ͲǯͳͳιͲͺǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡFox, J.E.D. 44
ȋȌǢǡ ǤǤιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͳͷ ͳͻȋϐȌǡSamai, S.K. 286 (K); Bobobu near
ȋȌǤι͵ͷǯͳͳιͳͲǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡDeighton 3812 (K); Kenema., 7°52’N 11°12’W, 20
ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 7557ȋȌǢǤǡιͷʹǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 7730
(K); ǣǤǡͺιʹ͵ǯͳͳιͷͶǯǤǣǡͳͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 5287
ȋ ȌǢǤǡͺιʹʹǯͳʹιͲͲǯǤǣǡͳͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 5364 (K); Ronietta., 76m
ͺιʹʹǯͳʹιͲͲǯǤǣǡͳͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 5656 (K); Magbile., 15m 8°44’N 12°42’W. Alt:
ͳͷǡ ȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 5984 (K); Southern Province: Gola forest. 7°16’N 11°18’W, 30 December
ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡKing, E.L. 113ȋȌǢǡǤιͳͻǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡThomas, D.G. 128 (FHO);
ǤͺιͳͲǯͳͳιͷ͵ǯǡʹʹͳͻʹȋϐȌǡDeighton 453 (K); Western Area: Heddles Farm (Colomguli).
ͺι͵Ͳǯͳ͵ιͳͷǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡLane-Poole 117 (K).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel
& Keay (1954), Johnston & Stapf (1906).
Campylospermum costatum (Tiegh.) Biss.
Ǥͷ
Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Monelasmum costatum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 8, Bot., 16: 333
(1902). – Campylospermum vogelii (Hook.f.) var. costatum (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot.
État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Type: Zenker 1762 (holotype: P(2x)!; isotype: B!, COI!, G!,
K!, L!, LY!, S!, WAG(2x)!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1898.
Ouratea bracteata Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 264 (1904). – Type: Staudt 161 (holotype: B†;
isotype: BR(x2)!, E!, P!), Cameroon, Lolodorf.
Tree up to 6 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with pale coloured bark. Stipules
persistent to caducous, triangular to narrowly so, 4–10 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–7
mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, ȋͳͳȂȌͳͶȂ͵ͷȋȂͶȌ
ȋͶȂȌȂͳʹȋȂͳͷȌ , ratio ͵Ȃ͵Ǥͷ, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute to acuminate,
coriaceous, not bullate, margin regularly serrate, teeth with a dark tip, upper side
glossy, dark green, lower side glossy, medium green; midrib prominent on both sides,
main lateral veins 10–25 on either side, 10–20(–40) mm apart, more or less at a right
angle with the midrib but curved upward, prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral
veins 1 to 2 in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary
venation scalariform to reticulate, distinct on both sides. ϔ terminal,
ϐǡ ǡ, its main axis
ȋͶȂȌͷȂͳͺ ; ͵ȂǡȋʹȂȌȂȋȂͳ͵Ȍ , the axes ϐ; pairwise
scales present at the base of the peduncle, triangular; bracts caducous, ovate, 1.5-4 mm
long; cymules ͲǤͷȂʹ ǡ ͵ȂǦϐǤ Flower: ͵Ǧ ǡ ,
articulated at ͳȂʹǢǡϐȂͺʹȂͶǡ
in fruit up to 10 x 5 mm and erecto-patent, base rounded, apex acute; petals obovate,
ȂͻͶȂͷ, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary
c. 1 mm long; style 4–6 mm long, Fruit: receptacle 4–6 mm wide; drupelets 3–5 well
developed per receptacle, globose to broadly ellipsoid, c. 6–8 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons
3
Ǥͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
incumbent, dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon.
3
ǤͺͲ
Notes: C. costatum was judged to be a mere variety of C. vogelii by Farron (1965, 1985),
ϐ Ǥ
C. vogeliiǡǡϐ
ϐ Ǥ
Distributionǣ ǫȋ
collection), Central African Republic (Sangha±±Ȍǡ ǡ ǡ
Gabon, Republic of the Congo and Democratic
Republic of the Congo (Map ).
Ecology: secondary forest, degraded and
exploited forest; at 100–700 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ ǡ ǡ
from September to November; fruiting from
March to May, and in October and November.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳǡͷͺͶǡʹʹͲ
km2ǡ αͳǡ͵ǡͳͲ 2ǡ α͵Ͷ ȋ
α͵ͷʹ ȌǤ
specimen from Ivory Coast excluded, these
ϐ αͷͷ͵ǡͺͷʹǡ αʹͲ͵ǡͲ͵ǡ
αʹͻȋ αͳʹͶǤͻͺͳȌǤ
some populations might well be under threat
(notably the large one around Lastoursville
(Gabon), where logging companies operate),
its preference for secondary habitats probably
renders it less susceptible to logging. Even
around Lastoursville, it was still present in
2009 and, moreover, it has a large distribution
ͷǤ Campylospermum costatum. Flowering
area. Thus, the category of Least Concern branch. Drawing by Sabine Bousani
seems most appropriate here.
Specimens examined:
, Central Province: 40 km au SW sur la route de Makak. Réserve forestière d’Ototomo. 3°44’N
11°20’E, 26 May 1970 (st), Farron 7348ȋȌǢǤͷιͲͷǯͳͳιʹͲǯǡʹͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡRaynal
10685 (P); South Provinceǣ Ǧ YǡǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶ͵ǯǡʹ͵ ͳͺͻͷȋϐȌǡStaudt
161 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͲͳǯ ͳʹιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bates, G.L. 1388 (BM); Bipindi, bei Copenjang. 3°05’N 10°25’E.
Alt: 400m, May 1898 (fr), Zenker 1762 (B,BM,COI,G,K,L,LY,S,WAG); South-West Province: Ikilliwindi, mile 14,
north of Kumba on Mamfe road. 4°45.0’N 9°29.0’E. Alt: 250m, 4 March 1987 (fr), Etuge 501 (MO,US,WAG);
ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°30.6’N 9°22.8’E. Alt: 131m,
2 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1270ȋǡ ǡȌǢǤͶι͵ǯͻιʹǯǤǣͳͷͲǡͳʹͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡ
Thomas, D.W. 4687ȋǡǡǡȌǢǤͷιͳͶǯͻιͳͷǯǤǣʹͷͲǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡThomas,
D.W. 7487 (BR,MO,WAG).
, Ǧ±±: 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp., 2°47’N
16°25’E, 9 February 1994 (st), Harris, D.J. 4546 (E); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp., 2°47’N
16°25’E, 16 February 1994 (st), Harris, D.J. 4644 (E); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga., 2°47’N
3.7 Materials and Methods
16°25’E, 19 May 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4886 (E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Pool: île M’Bamou, près de Moutou ya N’Gombé. 4°13’S 15°25’E, November 1967
ȋϐȌǡSita 1920 (P).
ȋ Ȍ, BandunduǣǤ͵ιʹ͵ǯͳιʹͳǯǡͳͻͲʹȋϐȌǡGillet, J. 2722 (BR); Maniema: Malela.
ͶιʹʹǯʹιͲͺǯǡͶ ͳͻͳͻȋϐȌǡVermoesen 1302 (BR).
, Rio Muni, Centro SurǣǤͳιͶͲǯͳͲιͳǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡNgomo 90
(BRLU).
, EstuaireǣǡͲιʹͷǯͻιʹǯǡʹͶͳͺͻȋϐȌǡKlaine 141 (P); Environs
ͲιʹͷǯͻιʹǯǡͳͻͳͺͻͺȋϐȌǡKlaine 195 (P); Environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E,
12 September 1898 (fr), Klaine 1318 (P); Ǧ±: Lekoko forest exploitation, 60 km SSW of Moanda.
ʹιͲ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͲͲǯǤ ǣ ͲͲǡ ͳʹ ͳͻͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Breteler 6852 (WAG); ±: W of road Fougamou
to Yombi. 1°21.8’S 10°37.1’E. Alt: 100m, 31 October 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 3004 (LBV,MO,WAG); ±Ǧ
Ivindoǣ Ǥ ͶǤ Ͳιͳͷǯ ͳͳιͶͲǯǤ ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ʹͶ ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ White, L.J.T. 1075
(MO,SEGC,WAG); ±Ǧ: ± 70 km N.W. of Lastoursville, along rd. to Achouka, old forest along Lolo R.
near Wagny settlement., 250m, 0°36’S 12°19’E. Alt: 250m, 13 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 653 (WAG);
͵ǦǤǡͶͷǡͳιͲͶǯͳʹιͷͷǯǤǣͶͷǡʹͶͳͻͺȋϐȌǡ
Breteler; Wilde 781ȋ ȌǢǡ ͳǡǤǡʹͷǡͲιͶͶǯͳʹιͷͺǯǤǣ
275m, 13 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 831 (LBV,WAG); Milolé, route première zone d’exploitation de
CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 853 (LBV,WAG); route vers Milolé. 0°30’S 12°42’E.
ǣͶͳ͵ǡͳʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 872 (LBV,WAG); 22 km on road Lastoursville to Koulamoutou.
0°56.6’S 12°37.4’E. Alt: 280m, 15 November 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 3186 (WAG); 10.5 km from Lastoursville
Railway Bridge, E - W road, Chantier SBL. 0°47’S 12°45’E. Alt: 300m, 18 November 1988 (fr), Maesen L.J.G.
van der 5599 (BR,G,LBV,MA,MO,WAG); N of main road Lastoursville-Moanda, chantiers EGG, 31 km SE of
ǡͳʹǤͲιͷͺǯͳʹιͷͷǯǤǣ͵ͻͲǡʹͳͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van
der 5701 (LBV,WAG); Chantier SFM. 10 km E off main road, 51 km Lastoursville to Moanda. 1°10’S 13°00’E,
28 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5904 (WAG); region de Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E, October
1929 (st), Le Testu 7535 (P); region de Lastoursville, Bidyabiki. 1°43’S 12°20’E, September 1930 (st), Le Testu
8400 (BM,P); 30 km E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 21 November 1991 (fr), Breteler 10638 (WAG); 30 km
E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 30 November 1991 (fr), Breteler 10835 (LBV,WAG); road from Lastoursville
ǡͻǤͲιͶǯͳ͵ιͳǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡBreteler 13224 (BR,E,K,MO,WAG); east of
ǡǡǤǤǤ ǤͲιͶǯͳ͵ιͲ͵ǯǤǣʹͷͲǡͳͺͳͻͻȋϐȌǡMcPherson,
G.D. 16632 (MO,WAG); east of Lastoursville, near Bambidie, C.E.B. chantier. 0°45’S 13°03’E. Alt: 250m, 25
ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 16695 (MO,WAG).
IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͳͻͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 2754
(MO,WAG).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind
(2006), Johnston & Stapf (1906).
Campylospermum ϐ (De Wild. & T.Durand) Farron
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 394 (1965). – Ouratea ϔDe Wild. & T.Durand,
Ann. Mus. Congo, Bot., sér. 3, 1: 37 (1901). – Exomicrum ϔ (De Wild. & T.Durand)
Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339 (1902). – Monelasmum ϔ (De Wild.
& T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 35 (1903). – Gomphia ϔ (De
Wild. & T.Durand) Verdc., Ochnaceae, Fl. trop. E. Africa: 50 (2005). – Type: Dewèvre s.n.
(holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. schweinfurthii Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17:
81 (1893). – Monelasmum schweinfurthii (Engl.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328
(1902). – Type: Schweinfurth 3169 (holotype: K!), Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Kussumbo im Lande der Monbuttu, March 16th, 1870.
Ouratea coriacea De Wild. & T.Durand, Ann. Mus. Congo, Bot., ser. 3, 1: 36 (1901). –
3
Ǥͺͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͺʹ
Exomicrum coriaceum (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338
(1902). – Type: Dewèvre 795 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the
Congo, entre Lukolela et Gombe, February 17th, 1896.
Exomicrum grandifolium Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 172 (June 1907). – Type:
Chevalier 6922 (holotype: P!), Tchad, Ndellé, térritoire du Chari, December 25th, 1902.
Monelasmum coriaceum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 171 (June 1907). – Gomphia
coriacea (Tiegh.) Lye, Lidia 4(3): 91(1998). – Type: Chevalier 7318 (holotype: P!), Tchad,
Mbélé, territoire du Chari, January 20th, 1903.
Ouratea laevis De Wild. & T.Durand var. ipamuensisǤǡǤǤͶǣͶͺʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ
– Lectotype (designated here): Vanderyst 10997 (BR!), Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Ipamu, August 1921.
Campylospermum katangense Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). –
Type: Young 127a (holotype: BM!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Katanga (Shaba), Dilolo, July 20th, 1932. syn. nov.
Tree, erect or rarely scandent, ʹͲ ; ͺ ǡ with
branched trunk; twigs with dark coloured bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, ȋʹȂ
ȌͶȂͻ . Leaf: ͷȂͳʹ , stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to
narrowly elliptic-obovate or sometimes elliptic-obovate, (10–)19–32(–36) x
(2.5–)7–9(–12) cm, ratio ʹȂ͵ȋȂͶȌ, base rounded to cuneate, apex blunt to acuminate,
coriaceous, not bullate, glossy above, slightly glossy below, margin regularly serrulate;
ǣϐάcanaliculate towards the base above, prominent beneath,
main lateral veins ͳͲȂͳͷ on either side, ͳͲȂͶͲ, mostly indistinct above,
distinct on the lower side, at a ± right angle with the midrib, curved upwards to
run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–5, distinct on the lower side,
tertiary venation scalariform, indistinct above, slightly distinct to distinct below.
ϔ terminal or sometimes axillary, branched, fairly lax its main axis (5–)10–
26(–32) cm long, more or less angular, robust; ʹȂǡ ȋ͵ȂȌȂʹ͵ȋȂ͵ͲȌ
long, ascendant; pairwise scales caducous; bracts caducous, sometimes leafy, elliptic,
5–8 x 2–3 cm; cymules ͲǤͷȂͳ apartǡͳȂͻȋȂͳȌǦϐǤFlower: pedicel Ȃͳͷ,
ȋʹȂȌͶȂͷȋȂȌ; sepals ovate to elliptic, 6–7 x 3–4 mm
ϐǡͺȂͳͳͶȂͷǡ ǦǢǡȂͳͳͶȂͺǡbase
without or with a broad claw, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c.
1 x 1 mm; style 5–7 mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳ ϐǡͷǢ
drupelets 3 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 7–10 x 4–6 mm; cotyledons
incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: C. ϔ is similar to C. dybovskii, but differs by having a distinct though not
or slightly prominent main lateral veins on the lower leaf surface. It also differs from C.
dybovskii ϐ Ǥ
The material described as C. katangense only differs from C. ϔ by its smaller
3.7 Materials and Methods
ϐ Ǥ Ǥ
The material cited by De Wildeman (1929) under his new variety ipamuensis (within
Ouratea laevis) belongs to three different species (Ǥ ϔǡ Ǥ and C.
plicatum, see also Farron, 1967). By choosing a lectotype here, we solved this situation,
ϐǤ
Distributionǣǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ
Republic of the Congo, north-eastern Angola, southern Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Burundi,
Tanzania and northern Zambia (Map ).
3
Ǥͺ͵
. Distribution of Campylospermum ϔ
Ecology: in primary and secondary rain forest, dry and gallery forest, savannah and
montane forest, seasonal swamp forest, along rivers and streams, near waterfalls; on
yellow-brown or grey clay soil; at 300-2000 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ αͶǡͲ͵ͳǡͲͶͲ 2ǡ α͵ǡͻͷǡͻͷͲ 2,
αͳͺͶ ȋ αʹͺʹ ȌǤ ȋ
studied 253 collections) suggesting it is fairly common. It has been collected in various
protected areas such as Odzala National Park (Republic of the Congo), Loango National
Park and Plateaux Batéké (Gabon), Dzanga-Sangha National Park (Central African
Republic), Virunga National Park (Democratic Republic of the Congo), Budongo Forest
Reserve (Uganda), etc. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
A, : Lunda: Dunda, R. Dundundo. 7°24’S 20°50’E, 12 August 1932 (fl), Young, R.G.N.
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͺͶ
456 ȋǡ ȌǢ ǣ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ ιʹͶǯ ʹͲιͷͲǯǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋȌǡ Young, R.G.N. 503
(BM,COI); Murhura. 7°24’S 20°50’E, 17 June 1948 (fl), Gossweiler 14107 (B,K,US).
, Bururi: Kigwena Kitamba. 4°10’S 29°32’E. Alt: 820m, 9 November 1969 (fl), Lewalle 4017
(BM); 4°10’S 29°31’E. Alt: 800m, 20 April 1980 (st), Reekmans 8939 (EA).
, East Province: Ngoko. 1°56’N 15°39’E, September 1899 (fr), Schlechter 12754 (BR);
Province: riv. Amiya, 28 km Nord de Bessow. 6°43’N 14°51’E, February 1916 (fl, fr), Tisserant 221 (P);
South Province: 17 km on the road from Ebolowa to Minkok. 2°58’N 11°17’E. Alt: 500m, 29 July 1975
(fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E.de 8394 (B,BR,EA,K,LG,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); près de Nloubessa Boulou, 60 km
ǯȋ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲȌǤʹιͶǯͳͳιͶͲǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͲȋǡȌǡLetouzey 9909
(K).
, Bamingui-Bangoran: Sangba. 7°40’N 21°00’E. Alt: 500m, 18 April
1992 (fr), Peeters, J. 239 (BR); 3.5 km S. of Camp Koumbala on Koumbala river. 8°29’N 21°23’E. Alt:
580m, 3 February 1983 (fl), Fay, J.M. 4190 (K); Territoire du Haut Oubangui, Dar Banda Kaga, Babidja.
7°51’N 20°14’E, 8 December 1902 (fl), Chevalier, A.J.B. 6707 (K,P); Ndelle. 8°25’N 20°38’E, 19 December
1902 (fl), Chevalier, A.J.B. 6890 (P); Ndelle. 8°25’N 20°38’E, 20 December 1902 (fl), Chevalier, A.J.B. 6922
(P); Pays de Senoussi, Haute Chari Oriental, galerie de la Gounda. 8°14’N 21°02’E, 20 January 1903 (fr),
Chevalier, A.J.B. 7318 (P); Parc Manovo-Gounda-St. Floris, vicinity of Camp Koumbala. 8°29’N 21°12’E,
(fr), Fay, J.M. 8371 (US); Haut-Mbomou: environs d’Obo, entre le Bac de la Ouarra et PK 36 sur la route
de Djemah. 5°20’N 26°27’E, 28 December 1963 (fl, fr), Descoings 12046 (P); Haute-Kotto: route BriaYalinga. 6°29’N 22°41’E, 25 January 1951 (fl), Sillans 396 (P,WAG); Yalinga. 6°31’N 23°15’E, 3 May 1921
(fl), Le Testu 2535 (BM,P); ±: Krébedjé, moyenne Comi, forêt Sibut. 5°44’N 19°05’E, 4 October 1902
(st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 5628 (P); Ombella M’poko: Bangui. 4°22’N 18°35’E, 13 September 1968 (fr), Breyne,
H. 1431 (BR); Bangui. 4°22’N 18°33’E, 18 December 1903 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 10859 (P); Ouaka: galerie
Bambari. 5°46’N 20°41’E, December 1928 (fl), Tisserant 2792 (P); Ǧ±±: Dzanga - Sangha
Reserve, 40 km South of Lidjombo on tributary of kenié. 2°24’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 26 October 1988 (fl),
Harris, D.J. 1489 (K).
ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Osika. 1°34’S 14°35’E, 1884 (fl), Brazza 6 (P); Odzala National Park,
150 m du site du camp Ikouele. 0°22’N 15°47’E, 15 April 1995 (fl), Kouka, L.A. 239 (BRLU); district
Mbomo, salines de Mbouébé, au N. de la Lékoli, en amont du confluent avec la Pandaka. 0°38’N 14°54’E.
Alt: 350m, 13 January 1995 (fl, fr), Champluvier. 5246 (BR); Parc National d’Odzala, au N. du camp
ȋα ȌǤ Ͳι͵ͺǯ ͳͶιͷͶǯǡ ͺ ͳͻͻ͵ ȋǡ Ȍǡ Lejoly 93/ 483 (BR,BRLU); Odzala
National Park, Moba sur la berge de la rivière Mambili. 0°48’N 15°50’E, 21 January 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/
134 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, bai de l’ombrette. 1°04’N 14°28’E, 28
November 1996 (fl), Lejoly 96/ 976 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, piste entre la rivière Lekoli et la saline
Mbouebe. 0°38’N 14°54’E, 5 February 1994 (fl), Lisowski C 355 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, grande
saline de Lango. 0°37’N 14°56’E, 9 February 1994 (fl), Lisowski C 494 (BRLU); : frontière CongoGabon, à 500 m de la Loambitsi. 2°38’S 12°18’E, 4 February 1975 (fl), Sita 3883 (P); chantier forestier de
la Leboulou, à 56 km au Sud-Ouest de la Gare Thomas. 2°21’S 12°31’E, 9 February 1975 (fl), Sita 3887 (P);
Pool: 25 km W of Brazzaville, Djoumouna. 4°23’S 15°10’E, 12 July 1985 (fl), Cusset 1350 (P).
ȋ Ȍ, ǣ (fr), Dewèvre s.n. (BR); Bandundu: entre Lubue et Bena-Makima.
4°58’S 21°06’E, May 1910 (fl), Sapin s.n. (BR); Bienge. 5°37’S 19°46’E, (fl), Sapin s.n. (BR); Patambalu.
2°15’S 18°19’E, 23 February 1958 (fl), Tailfer 4 (K); bord du Kwilu (Kikwit). 5°02’S 18°48’E, 4 May 1946
(fl), Renier, M. 88 (BR); Kikwit. 5°02’S 18°48’E, 30 October 1991 (fl), Masens, B. 1184 (BR,BRLU); Kwango,
Kiyaka. 5°19’S 18°56’E, 13 July 1955 (fl), Devred 2165 (BR); Vallée de la Djuma. 3°23’S 17°21’E, July 1902
(fl, fr), Gillet, J. 2837 (BR); Vallée de la Djuma. 3°23’S 17°21’E, July 1902 (fr), Gillet, J. 2921 (BR); Région
Babunda. 5°00’S 19°30’E, March 1921 (fr), Vanderyst 8966 (BR); Banlundu. 3°18’S 17°21’E, March 1921
(fl), Vanderyst 8991 (BR); entre Ipamou et Panga. 4°07’S 19°49’E, June 1921 (fl), Vanderyst 9561 (BR);
Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, July 1921 (fl), Vanderyst 9877 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, August 1921 (fl),
Vanderyst 10997 (BR); Equateur: Bwado. 3°18’N 19°27’E, 1912 (fr), Sapin s.n. (BR); Riv. Ikelemba. 0°07’N
18°16’E, May 1913 (fl, fr), Bonnivair 45 (BR); Dua-Ebola. 3°20’N 20°55’E, 30 October 1938 (st),
Leontovitch 118 (BR); Bala-Lundji. 0°24’S 19°23’E, 1904 (fl), Pynaert 236 (BR); environ de Likimi. 2°50’N
20°45’E, 20 April 1910 (fr), Malchair 261 (BR); Bangu. 0°04’N 19°12’E, December 1933 (fl, fr), Dubois, L.
296 (BR); Bala-Lundji. 0°24’S 19°23’E, 20 August 1904 (fl), Pynaert 382 (BR); Yakussu, Pays des Bangalas.
3.7 Materials and Methods
1°36’N 19°09’E, (st), Demeuse 389 (BR); Boyasegeze. 3°38’N 20°34’E, 5 March 1955 (fl), Evrard, C.M. 402
(BR); Itimbiri River. 2°02.85’N 22°49.42’E. Alt: 350m, 13 May 2010 (fl), Boyekoli Ebale Congo 2010
Expedition 430 (BR); Bena Longa (Lomani). 2°03’S 25°04’E, 15 April 1959 (fr), Bamps 483 (BR); Eala.
0°03’N 18°19’E, 9 October 1938 (fl, fr), Coûteaux, G. 493 (K,WAG); Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 1925 (fl, fr),
Robyns, FHEAW 513 (B); rive droite du Ruki. 0°05’N 18°16’E, 10 September 1946 (fr), Léonard, J.J.G. 559
ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͺιͳͷǯǡ ʹͺ ͳͻʹͷ ȋȌǡ Robyns, FHEAW 741 (BR,WAG); Bobele
(Zone Bikoro). 0°45’S 18°07’E, 4 August 1984 (fl), Nsola 771 (BR); île située à mi-chemin entre Loukolela
et N’Gombi. 0°45’S 18°07’E, 17 February 1896 (fl), Dewèvre 795 (BR,P); entre Ruki et Khalemba. 0°11’S
18°14’E, July 1930 (fl), Lebrun 806 (BR); Bala-Lundji. 0°24’S 19°23’E, 17 December 1906 (fr), Pynaert
809 (BR); Yambata. 2°26’N 22°02’E, (fr), Giorgi 1762 (BR); près de Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E. Alt: 470m, 2
June 1936 (fl), Louis, J.L.P. 2156 (K,P); Bolombo. 0°28’N 19°11’E, 7 November 1957 (fl, fr), Evrard, C.M.
2748 (BR,K); Rivière Busira, en amont de loola. 0°10’S 19°08’E, 2 March 1958 (fl), Evrard, C.M. 3597
(WAG); Kasai-Occidental: Mwembe, zone d’Ilelo. 4°25’S 20°20’E, 26 May 1978 (fl), Dumont, A. 256 (BR);
Sengi. 3°06’S 26°40’E, 1921 (fl, fr), Claessens 456 (BR); 29 km S.E. Luluabourg. 6°00’S 22°33’E, 30 June
1948 (st), Duvigneaud P.A. 1091 (BRLU); Rivière Kataba (terr. Luisa). 7°12’S 22°24’E, 16 May 1957 (fl, fr),
Liben 3317 (BM,BR); Kasai-Oriental: 20 KM Ouest de Gandajika. 6°45’S 23°47’E, 23 August 1945 (fl),
Luxen 553 (BR); Katanga (Shaba): Plateau de Munila (Kansimba). 7°20’S 29°09’E, 29 October 1986 (fl),
Kisimba 4 (WAG); Kalambula (Muhuya). 6°06’S 28°04’E, 28 June 1934 (fl), Saeger 24 (BR); Dilolo, R. Luau.
10°42’S 22°21’E, 20 July 1932 (fl), Young, R.G.N. 127 (BM,BR); Katundu, vallée riv. Kina. 5°34’S 26°42’E, 4
August 1952 (fl), Delvaux 443 (BR); Kaniama-haut Lomami. 7°31’S 24°11’E, August 1947 (fl), Mullenders
2269 (BR); Mutalala en Kibemba (Grelco-section I). 7°40’S 24°30’E, July 1931 (fl, fr), Quarré 2640 (BR,K);
Kamunza. 7°02’S 25°50’E, 24 September 1957 (fl, fr), Schmitz, A. 5913 (BR,K); Dans le ravin Laula. 7°28’S
29°12’E, 3 October 1981 (st), Malaisse 11957 (C,UPS,WAG); Kinshasa: environ de Leopolville. 4°19’S
15°19’E, July 1902 (fr), Gillet, J. 2683 (BR); Maluku, rivière Bombo. 4°03’S 15°33’E, 27 May 1976 (fl),
Breyne, H. 3002 (BR); Kivu: Mutanbo (Kasongo). 4°24’S 26°43’E. Alt: 600m, 8 August 1959 (fl, fr),
Léonard, A. 5680 (BR,WAG); Maniema: chantier forestier de Elundu (Kibombo). 3°12’S 25°51’E, 29 July
1959 (fl), Gaillez, L. 301 (BR); Ǧ: Beni, Parc National Albert, section Watalinga. 0°45’N 29°50’E,
22 November 1948 (fl), Wilde, JMHJR de 196 (WAG); Watalinga. 0°40’N 29°40’E, 22 November 1948 (fr),
Wilde, JMHJR de 197 (BR); chefferie Wanande. 0°50’N 29°45’E. Alt: 1250m, 13 February 1949 (fl), Wilde,
JMHJR de 222 (BR); Watalinga. 0°40’N 29°40’E. Alt: 800m, 11 March 1954 (fl, fr), Wilde, JMHJR de 576
(BR); route Kavumu-Walikale, Km 79. 1°48’S 28°19’E. Alt: 1000m, 19 September 1955 (fl), Pierlot 879
(BR); Ironga, Mutongo. 1°10’S 28°37’E, 8 May 1958 (fl), Gutzwiller 2844 (BR); Lesse. 0°45’N 29°46’E, 23
March 1914 (fl, fr), Bequaert 3165 (BR); Lesse. 0°45’N 29°46’E, 29 March 1914 (fr), Bequaert 3269 (BR);
entre Masisi-Walikale. 1°25’S 28°29’E, March 1932 (fl), Lebrun 5116 (BR,P); Masisi-Walikale. 1°25’S
28°03’E, 2 January 1915 (fl), Bequaert 6459 (BR); Albert National Park, rivière Homola, affluent Issehe.
1°18’N 29°48’E. Alt: 1150m, 19 July 1955 (fl), Witte, G.F. de 12619 (BR); Albert National Park, affluent
gauche Semleki. 0°43’N 29°45’E. Alt: 800m, 31 October 1955 (fl), Witte, G.F. de 12825 (BR); Orientale:
Yakussu. 0°34’N 25°01’E, 15 January 1904 (fl), Laurent, É. s.n. (BR); Doruma. 4°43’N 27°41’E, 5 May 1932
(fl), Graer 3 (BR); Borumba. 1°34’N 23°31’E, 6 December 1920 (fl), Claessens, J. 5 (BR,S); Niangara,
Mayombo. 3°41’N 27°52’E, September 1947 (st), Dewez 25 (BR); Doruma. 4°43’N 27°41’E, 19 April 1930
(fr), Graer 30 (BR); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, 29 January 1998 (fr), Ntumba 37 (BR); Bosodula.
4°29’N 20°18’E, (fr), Bilderling 55 (BR); Zone de Mambasa (Ituri Forest). 1°33’N 28°32’E, 16 February
1996 (fl), Liengola 131 (WAG); Kuleponge. 3°19’N 25°42’E, 5 February 1952 (fl), Gérard, P. 135 (BM,BR,K);
Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, (fl), Vrydagh 144 (BR); Epulu (Ituri). 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, 11 November
1981 (fl), Hart, T.B. 148 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 16 February 1940 (st), Vrydagh 151 (BR); Galerie
de la rivière Kibali. 2°09’N 30°24’E, 25 April 1958 (fl), Devillé, A. 156 (K); Lula., 0°27.0’N 25°12.0’E, 16
February 1920 (fl), Claessens 173 (BR); Mogbogoma, à 500 m. 3°29’N 22°35’E, 17 February 1909 (fl, fr),
Thonner 187 (K); Réserve de Djugu. 1°56’N 30°30’E, 21 March 1952 (fl), Smeyers 203 (EA,G,US,WAG); Bas
Uele. 4°06’N 22°23’E, 16 October 1934 (fl, fr), Dewulf, A. 221 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 22 March
1940 (fr), Vrydagh 249 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 18 April 1958 (fl), Léonard, A. 300 (BR); Kulu.
3°28’N 23°46’E, 1930 (fl), Brande 308 (BR); Djugu, rivière Uélé (source Kibali). 1°56’N 30°30’E, 1952 (fl),
Smeyers 330 (EA); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 4 March 1940 (fr), Vrydagh 351 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N
25°43’E, 10 April 1940 (st), Vrydagh 377 (BR); Kulu. 3°28’N 23°46’E, 4 February 1931 (fl), Brande 403
3
Ǥͺͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͺ
(BR,WAG); environ de Mobwasa. 2°40’N 23°11’E, 1913 (fr), Reygaert 436 (BR); Kulu. 3°28’N 23°46’E, 18
March 1931 (fl), Brande 495 (BR); environ de Mobwasa. 2°40’N 23°11’E, (fl), Reygaert. 531 (BR);
Yangambi, km 6 route de Ngazi. 1°00’N 24°31’E. Alt: 470m, 1 November 1935 (fl, fr), Louis, J.L.P. 544 (BR);
Bomane, Aruwini River. 1°16.34’N 23°44.13’E. Alt: 365m, 20 May 2012 (fl, fr), Boyekoli Ebale Congo 2010
Expedition 555 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 1934 (fl), Brédo 668 (BR,K); Basoko. 1°13’N 23°36’E, July
1910 (fl, fr), Claessens 682 (BR); Village Mutoni (Butu). 1°40’N 27°10’E, June 1921 (fr), Claessens 693
(BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, (fl, fr), Bois, H. du 742 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, (fl, fr), Hendrickx
743 (BR); Ituri. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m, February (fl), Hart, T.B. 885 (BR); Région de Bambesa. 3°28’N
25°43’E, April 1934 (fl, fr), Brédo 1001 (BR); Buta, environ du poste. 2°48’N 24°47’E, 22 December 1925
(fl), Robyns, FHEAW 1217 (BR,WAG); région Bas-Uele, zone Bambesa, village Dingila. Rive gauche de
ǯǡͳ ± Ǥ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͺͺȋȌǡSzafranski, F.
1301 (BR,C); Ango., 4°02’N 25°52’E, 29 April 1955 (fr), Gérard, P. 1656 (BR,K); Ibele. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 17
April 1936 (fl), Louis, J.L.P. 1699 (BR,C); Kivu, terr. Mambasa, rivière Ngawe. 0°45’N 28°15’E. Alt: 700m, 2
June 1956 (fl), Christiaensen 1779 (K,WAG); Tukpwo (Ango). 4°26’N 25°51’E, 27 February 1956 (fl),
Gérard, P. 2063 (WAG); Yambuya-Ngasi. 1°16’N 24°33’E, February 1939 (fl, fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 2112 (BR);
entre Yambuya et Mongandjo. 1°21’N 24°20’E, 21 January 1957 (fl, fr), Evrard, C.M. 2128 (BR); Penghe.
1°20’N 28°09’E, 2 February 1914 (fl), Bequaert 2242 (BR); Likati. 3°20’N 23°57’E, March 1931 (st),
Lebrun 2455 (BR,P); Barumbu. 1°14’N 23°31’E, May 1921 (fl, fr), Goossens, V.G. 2557 (BR); Bambesa.
3°28’N 25°43’E, 3 January 1957 (fl), Gérard, P. 2628 (BR); Madabu. 2°42’N 25°43’E, 25 February 1957
(fl), Gérard, P. 2714 (BR); Ubundu, rives du fleuve Zaire et îles en amont d’Ubundu. 0°26’S 25°28’E, 12
March 1978 (fr), Lejoly 2906 (BR); Lula. 0°27’N 25°12’E, May 1921 (fl), Goossens, V.G. 2963 (BR); Lula.
0°27’N 25°12’E, May 1921 (fr), Goossens, V.G. 2987 (BR); Kurukwata. 3°51’N 30°08’E, 25 February 1957
(fl, fr), Gérard, P. 3108 (BR,K); Kurukwata. 3°51’N 30°08’E, 5 April 1957 (fr), Gérard, P. 3146 (BR,K);
Kussumbo, in Lande der Monbuttu. 4°00’N 28°00’E, 16 March 1870 (fl), Schweinfurth 3169 (K); Madabu
(Zobia). 2°42’N 25°43’E, 9 December 1957 (fl, fr), Gérard, P. 3501 (BR,K); Ango. 4°02’N 25°52’E, 23 March
1958 (fl), Gérard, P. 3768 (BR,K); Djugu-Kibali-Ituri. 1°56’N 30°30’E, October 1931 (fl), Lebrun 3991 (C);
île Kongolo à la confluence de la Lindi avec le fleuve Zaïre. 0°34’N 25°05’E, 25 October 1978 (fr), Lejoly
4204 (BR); bank of Lindi River. 0°33’N 25°05’E, 10 September 1973 (fl, fr), Bokdam, J. 4234 (MO,WAG);
Ango (Tukpwo). 4°26’N 25°51’E, 12 March 1960 (fl, fr), Gérard, P. 4439 (BR,WAG); Mboga. 1°02’N 29°57’E,
19 June 1914 (fl), Bequaert 4816 (BR); route de Ngazi, à km 12. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 13 July 1937 (fl, fr),
Louis, J.L.P. 5557 (B,BR); Ngene-Ngene, à 17 km au NE du centre de Kisangani. 0°36’N 25°18’E, 4 February
1984 (fl, fr), Pauwels 6784 (BR,WAG); plateau de l’Itasukulu. 0°50’N 24°27’E, 21 December 1937 (st),
Louis, J.L.P. 7158 (BM,BR,FHO); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 8059 (K); île Boosa, en
face d’Isangi. 0°45’N 24°19’E. Alt: 470m, 17 May 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 9370 (BR,C); south Bank of Congo
River. 1°10’N 23°37’E. Alt: 300m, 8 November 2004 (fl), Luke 10687 (BR); Mongbwalu Mine Site, village
pt 077 to pt 076. 1°56.31’N 29°59.71’E. Alt: 1300m, 23 October 2010 (st), Luke 14539 (BR); rive gauche
de Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 16 May 1939 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 14839 (C); Sud-Kivu: near Lushasha. 2°12’S
28°47’E, August 1934 (fl), Babault 669 (P); Kashewe. 1°58’S 28°30’E, January 1935 (fr), Babault 772 (P);
Kalimbi. 2°12’S 28°44’E, 23 March 1959 (fl), Léonard, A. 3561 (K); Maziba (Kabare). 2°39’S 28°22’E, 22
July 1959 (st), Léonard, A. 5049 (K,WAG).
, Rio Muni, Centro Sur: West-Afrika: spanisch-Guinea (Mabungo). 1°44’N
10°39’E, (fl), Tessmann 147 (K).
, Estuaire: Libreville. 0°25’N 9°27’E, (fl, fr), Baudon 111 (BR); Ǧ±: Parc National des
Plateaux Batéké. Forêt de bord de la rivière Mpassa. 1°59.60’S 14°02.18’E, 2 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma
467 (MO,WAG); Batéké Plateau, Mpassa River drainage. 81 km from Projet de Protection des Gorilles.
2°07’S 14°03’E, 2 December 2001 (fl), Walters, G.M. 1037 (MO,WAG).
, : Kakamega. 0°17’N 34°45’E, July 1944 (fl), Carroll, R.W. H44/ 62 (EA,K).
, Central Equatoria: Azza forest, Mongalla. 5°11’N 31°47’E, 21 February 1936 (fr),
Turner, L. 136 (K); Eastern Equatoria: Laboni, border Sudan-Uganda. 3°49’N 32°46’E. Alt: 1219m, 8
February 1929 (fl), Chipp, T.F. 39 (K); Gilo, near the bridge across Ngairigi River. 4°02’N 32°51’E. Alt:
1750m, 9 November 1980 (st), Friis 78 (C,K); Palotaka. 4°03’N 32°26’E. Alt: 1200m, January 1979 (fl, fr),
Shigeta 156 (EA); Acholi Hills, River Iyedo. 4°04’N 32°34’E. Alt: 1450m, 12 February 1948 (fl, fr), Jackson,
J.K. 262ȋ ȌǢǡǤͶιͲʹǯ͵ʹι͵ʹǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡȋȌǡJackson, J.K. 590 (FHO); Talanga.
3.7 Materials and Methods
4°01’N 32°45’E. Alt: 1100m, 7 December 1980 (fl), Friis 752 (C,K); Opari Tcholi Hills near Issore. 3°54’N
32°48’E, 20 April 1930 (fl), Snowden, J.D. 1693 (BM,K); Opari Tcholi Hills near Issore. 3°54’N 32°48’E, 20
April 1930 (fl), Snowden, J.D. 1694 (BM,K); Imatong Mts. 4°00’N 32°50’E, 31 January 1976 (fl), Howard,
W.J. IM 24 (K); Imatong Mts., 1981m 4°00’N 32°50’E. Alt: 1981m, (fl), Howard, W.J. IM 30 (EA,K); Western
Bahr el Ghazal: Numatinna River Distr. 7°14’N 27°37’E, (fl), Turner, L. 270 (K); Western Equatoria: S.W.
ǡǡǤǤͶιͷͲǯʹͻιʹͺǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵ͻȋȌǡHoyle 762 (BM,FHO);
Linduku, Land der Niamniam. 4°40’N 28°00’E, 28 February 1870 (fr), Schweinfurth 3069 (BR,P).
, Kagera: Murere F.R. Bukoba. 1°00’S 31°50’E. Alt: 1371m, April 1950 (fl), Watkins 400 (EA);
Munene Forest., 1°16’S 31°34’E, 13 February 1995 (fl), Congdon 409 (K); Kihuru forest, bukoba dist.
1°05’S 31°48’E, 17 February 1936 (fr), Gillman 446 (EA,FHO,K); Minziro Forest. 1°00’S 31°50’E, August
1957 (fl, fr), Procter 650 (EA,K); Minziro forest reserve. 1°05’S 31°30’E. Alt: 1225m, 4 July 2000 (fl,
fr), Bidgood 4841 (C,K); Kigoma: Kasakati Basi Area. 5°25’S 29°55’E, 1966 (fr), Itani 14 (EA); Kasakati.
5°25’S 29°55’E. Alt: 1219m, July 1965 (fl), Suzuki, A. 289 (EA); Mkuti River. 5°25’S 29°55’E, June 1955 (fl),
Procter 409 (EA,K); 30 miles south of Kibondo. 3°51’S 30°45’E. Alt: 1219m, July 1951 (fl), Eggeling 6215
(EA,K); Rukwa: Mahale Mountains, Kasoje. 6°09’S 29°44’E. Alt: 800m, 8 December 1983 (fl), Takasaki
104 (K); between Pasagulu and Musenabantu. 6°00’S 30°00’E. Alt: 1524m, 9 August 1959 (fl), Harley,
R.M. 9246 (B,BR,K,S); Mahale Mountains, N.P.T4. 6°12’S 29°50’E, 5 September 1991 (fl), Hamai 91004 (K).
, ǣ (fl), Eggeling 1179 (A,FHO); Buganda: Mabira Forest. 0°30’N 32°57’E, 4
September 1908 (fl, fr), Brown, E. s.n. (BM); Mabira forest, chagwe. 0°23’N 33°00’E, March 1908 (fl),
Ussher 20 (K); Mabira forest, chagwe. 0°23’N 33°00’E, March 1908 (fl, fr), Ussher 21 (K); Namalala,
Mozinda. 0°53’S 31°40’E, November 1913 (fr), Fyffe 59 (K); 0°44’S 31°40’E, November 1913 (fr), Fyffe
92 (K,Z); near Mabira forest. 0°30’N 32°57’E. Alt: 1219m, 1904 (fl), Dawe 162 (K); Mabira C.F.R. Coupe
69. 0°30’N 32°57’E, 21 November 1962 (fr), Styles 229 (FHO); Mabira C.F.R. on access path to R.P. 532.
0°30’N 32°57’E. Alt: 1219m, 22 September 1964 (fl), Smith, A.M.S. 250 (EA); Kayanja. 0°22’N 32°53’E.
Alt: 1219m, 1913 (fl), Dümmer 294 (BM,US,Z); Mukono, Kasara river. 4 miles east of Mukono beside and
north of the new Kampala-Jinja road. 0°22’N 32°45’E. Alt: 1219m, 20 December 1950 (fl, fr), Dawkins
684 (EA,FHO,K); Kyagwe Co. East Mengo distr. 2-3 km S of Wantuluntu church. 0°31’N 32°55’E, 13 April
1969 (fr), Lye 2501 (EA,UPS); Mulange. 0°31’N 33°03’E. Alt: 1219m, October (fl), Dümmer 3048 (BM,US);
Minzero Forest, S. Buddu. 1°00’S 31°50’E, July 1938 (fl), Eggeling 3742 (FHO,LUA); 4 miles SSW. of Katera.
0°55’S 31°39’E. Alt: 1150m, 2 October 1953 (fl, fr), Drummond, R.B. 4568 (EA,K); 4 km west of Katera.
0°55’S 31°36’E. Alt: 1160m, 3 May 1972 (fr), Lye 6798 (EA); 0°08’N 32°24’E, (fr), Maitland, T.D. Uganda
1144 (K); 0°08’N 32°24’E, (fl), Maitland, T.D. Uganda 1150 (K); Western Province: Budongo forest.
1°39’N 31°35’E. Alt: 1067m, January 1932 (fl, fr), Harris, C.M. 41 (BR,EA,K); U2. Masindi distr. Budongo
forest, Kaniyo. 1°50’N 31°34’E. Alt: 1010m, February 1996 (fl), Hafashimana 67 (C,K); Siba forest. 1°41’N
31°26’E, March 1936 (fl), Sangster, R.G. 112 (BR,K); Semliki valley, Bwamba forest. 0°50’N 30°05’E, 14
January 1938 (fl, fr), Longfield 116 (BM,BR,UPS); Budongo forest reserve. 1°43’N 31°31’E. Alt: 1100m,
September 1995 (st), Nkuutu 201 (C); Buyoro distr., Budongo forest along elephant control road Cpt
W26. 1°47’N 31°35’E. Alt: 1150m, 12 December 1970 (fl), Synnott, T.J. 490 (C,EA,K,UPS); Budongo forest.
1°44’N 31°28’E. Alt: 1050m, 6 March 1971 (fl, fr), Synnott, T.J. 528 (EA); Budongo forest. 1°44’N 31°33’E.
Alt: 914m, 23 February 1906 (fl), Bagshawe 929 (BM); Budongo forest. 1°44’N 31°28’E. Alt: 1050m, 22
December 1972 (fl), Synnott, T.J. 1343 (EA); Budongo forest. 1°44’N 31°33’E. Alt: 1067m, 16 February
1907 (fl, fr), Bagshawe 1498 (BM); Budongo. 1°39’N 31°35’E, 8 February 1935 (fl), Taylor-de C, G. 3333
(BM,G); Budongo Forest, near Sonso River about 100 m West of bridge. 1°43’N 31°32’E. Alt: 1050m, 15
February 1999 (fl), Lye 23478 (K); Budongo Forest, near Sonso River about 100 m West of bridge. 1°43’N
31°32’E. Alt: 1050m, 15 February 1999 (fl), Lye 23479 (K).
ZAMBIA, Ǧ: Mwinilunga 10 mls. W of Kakomo. 11°17’S 25°06’E, 28 September 1952 (fl,
fr), Angus 561 (FHO,K,WAG); Mwinilunga 10 mls. W of Kakomo. 11°17’S 25°06’E, 28 September 1952 (fl),
Angus 562 (FHO,K,WAG); Musera river, 10 mls W. of Kakoma. 11°18’S 25°06’E, 28 September 1952 (fl, fr),
Angus 564 (FHO,K); Mwinilunga. 11°45’S 24°26’E, 27 August 1930 (fl), Milne-Redhead 973 (BR,K); River
Lunga. 11°45’S 24°26’E, 5 October 1937 (fl, fr), Milne-Redhead 2537 (BR,K); Kalene Hill. 11°06’S 24°07’E,
12 December 1963 (fl), Robinson, E.A. 5962 (K); 12°00’S 24°35’E, 25 August 1955 (fl), Holmes, W.D.H. H
1199 (K); : Lumangwe Falls on Kalunguishi R., 9°33’S 29°22’E, 19 October 1967 (fl), Simon, B.K.
1131 (K); Lumangwe. 8°50’S 29°56’E, 14 November 1957 (fr), Fanshawe 4004 (BR,FHO,K).
3
Ǥͺ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1967, 1985), Friis & Vollesen (1998), Robson (1963),
Verdcourt (2005).
Campylospermum descoingsii Farron
Ǥ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 395 (1965). – Type: Farron 4021 (holotype: P!, isotype:
P(2x)!, IEC), Republic of the Congo, îlot forestier sur le Congo, à hauteur de Moutampa,
March 1965.
3
Ǥͺͺ
Treelet up to 4 m tall, with branched trunk, twigs with pale brown coloured bark. Stipules
persistent, triangular, 2–7 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly
ǦǡȋͻȂȌͳʹȂʹͷȋȂʹȌxȋ͵ȂȌͶȂͷȋȂȌ , ratio ͵ȂͶ,
base cuneate to rounded, apex acuminate, papyraceous, bullate between the lateral
veins, margin serrulate to entire, upper side slightly dull dark green, lower side dull
Ǣǣάϐǡǡ
ͳͲȂͳͻǡͷȂͳͷ apart, prominent but sunken
in the bullae above, prominent below, at a more or less right angle with the midrib
but curved upwards toward the margin, intermediate lateral veins prominent on both
sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both
sides. ϔ terminal, composed ofͳȂ͵
the twig, pendulous;, their main axis 11–19 cm long; pairwise scales at the base of
peduncle persistent; bracts persistent, triangular, ͳȂʹ; cymules 0.3–1 cm
ǡͳȂͷǦϐǤFlower: pedicel 4–5 mm long, articulated at c. 1 mm from the base;
ǡϐ Ǥ͵ȂͶʹǡͷ͵ǢǡͷȂ
x 2–5 mm, base rounded, apex slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers slender, 3–4 mm
long; style 3–4 mm. Fruitǣ Ǥͳ ϐǡ͵ȂͶǢ
ͳȂʹ , ellipsoid, more or less compressed; cotyledons
accumbent, similar in size.
Notes: This species is mainly characterized by its bullate upper leaf surface. It is close
to C. excavatum by having a distinct tertiairy venation. However, it differs by having an
ϐ ͳȂ͵
the twig, whereas C. excavatum ϐ Ǥ
Distribution: Republic of the Congo (province of Pool) and Democratic Republic of
Congo (province of Bas-Congo) (Map ͺ).
Ecology: in high and secondary forest.
Phenologyǣϐ Ǣ
observed in January, March and May.
IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋǡȌǤαͳʹ2ǡα͵Ͳͷ2ǡ αͺǡ
αͶȋ αȌǤ ͳͳ ǡ
all outside of protected areas. Its last collection dates back to 1968, thus its present
ϐǤǡ
been assigned.
3.7 Materials and Methods
B
A
Ǥ Campylospermum descoingsii. A. persistent bracts. B. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ͺ. Distribution of Campylospermum descoingsiiȋȌCampylospermum duparquetianum ( )
3
Ǥͺͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Specimens examined:
ȋ Ȍ, PoolǣǤͶι͵ͳǯͳͷιͲʹǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBouquet, A. 877
ȋȌǢ ǤǡͶι͵ͷǯͳͶιͷͺǯǡʹͶ ͳͻȋϐȌǡSita 1844 (P); Plateau des cataractes, piste
Taba-Mandzakala, région de Kinkala, entre Mandzakala et le pont Voula. 4°22’S 14°58’E, 11 October 1968
ȋϐȌǡSita 2661 (BR,P); Plateau des cataractes, piste Taba-Mandzakala, région de Kinkala. 4°22’S 14°58’E, 11
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡSita 2667ȋ ȌǢǤͶι͵ͳǯͳͷιͲʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡFarron 4021 (BR,P);
ǡͳͷǤǤǤͶιͳͷǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡFarron
4664 ȋȌǢ Ǥ Ͷι͵ͷǯ ͳͶιͷͺǯǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Farron 4709 (P); Djoumouna. 4°23’S
ͳͷιͳͲǯǡͷ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡFarron 5278 (P); Kimpanzou, près de chutes de la Foulakari., 4°36’S 14°59’E,
ͳͷͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLejoly 86/ 133 (BRLU).
ȋ Ȍ, Bas-CongoǣǤͶιͶǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡ ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡCallens 4520 (BR); Kinshasa:
ǤͶιʹͶǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡͶ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJans, E. 299 (BR).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
3
ǤͻͲ
Campylospermum duparquetianum (Baill.) Tiegh.
Ǥ
J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 43 (1902). – Gomphia duparquetiana Baill., Adansonia 9: 77 (1868). –
Ouratea duparquetiana (Baill.) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 258 (1904). – Type: Duparquet
60 (holotype: P!), Gabon, December 1862.
Ouratea corymbosa Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 80 (1893). – Type: Soyaux 40 (holotype:
B†; isotypes: K!, P!, Z!), Gabon, Munda, Sibang Farm, 1879.
Ouratea cameronii Hutch. & Dalziel, Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 193 (1927). – Type: Burton
& Cameron s.n. (holotype: K!), Ghana, Axim.
Treelet up to 8 m tall, monocaulous bark dark brown. Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–5
mm long. Leaves all grouped at the top of the stem; petiole 0–10 mm long; leaf blade
narrowly spathulate to narrowly elliptic-spathulate, ʹȂͶͻȋȂͷͺȌͷȂͳʹȋȂͳȌ ,
ratio ͵ȂͷȋȂǤʹ͵Ȍ base broadly cuneate to rounded or slightly cordate, apex acute to
slightly acuminate, coriaceous to papery, not to slightly bullate, margin regularly serrate,
upper side dark green, glossy, lower side light green, dull; venation: midrib prominent
on both sides, main lateral veins 20–30 on either side, 7–35 mm apart, making a
slight angle with the midrib and slightly curved upward, prominent but running often
through a gully above, prominent below, with 0–2 intermediate lateral veins in between
ǡscalariform, running perpendicular to the
main lateral veins, indistinct to slightly distinct above, distinct below. ϔ
axillary, corymbose; peduncle cylindrical, woody, 2–5(–6) cm long, with many short
racemes of up to 1.5 cm long and (4–)20–35 solitaryϐǡ ʹͶ
in its apical part; ͶȂͺǡ at the base of peduncle;
bracts triangular, 1-2 mm long. Flower: pedicel ͳͲȂͷͲ, articulated at ͶȂͺ
ǢǡϐȂͳͳ͵ǡǡͳͷȂ
20 x 6–8 mm, red; petals obovate, 16–18 x 4–8 mm, shortly clawed at base, slightly
emarginate at apex; stamens: Ȃ Ǣ ϐǡ
2–3 mm long; style c. 7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle globose, 5 x 6 mm; drupelets 2–4 well
developed per receptacle, obovoid, 9–10 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, more or
less similar in size.
3.7 Materials and Methods
Notes: A very distinct species belonging to a small group of monocaulous species with
similarly large and narrowly spathulate to narrowly elliptic-spathulate leaves. However,
ϐ
others.
Distribution: from Liberia to Ghana and in
ǡ
(Map ͺ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary rain forest,
sometimes in disturbed forest along forestry
roads, in dried swamps, and riverine forest;
on sandy clay soil; at 10–410 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ
except for August; fruits observed in all
months except for the period July to October.
Uses: The plant is occasionally planted as an
ornamental.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ
αͺͶͳǡͷͻ 2ǡ αͷͳʹǡͳͲͻ 2,
αͷȋ αʹ͵ͺȌǤ
A
with a disjunct but fairly wide distribution
occurring in National Parks such as MoukalabaC
Doudou and Pongara in Gabon, Monte Alen
B
ǡ ǡ Ǥ Campylospermum duparquetianum. A.
Taï in Ivory Coast. Therefore, the category Incumbent cotyledons. B. Flowering branch. C.
Flower bud. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
of Least Concerned has been designated.
Specimens examined:
, Houetǣͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 6695 (P).
, South Province: Campo-Ma’an area, Bibabimvoto, around the Bongola river. 2°15.5’N 9°52.7’E.
Alt: 20m, 29 January 2000 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou 2457 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Boussebeliga. near
ǯǤʹιͶ͵ǯͻιͷʹǯǤǣͶͲǡʹ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAndel, T.R. van 4230 (WAG); 20 km SE.
of Kribi, SE. of Mt. Elephant, W. of route Minière., 2°45’N 10°02’E, 23 July 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7129 (WAG); 45
km S. of Kribi, Campo road., 2°38’N 9°51’E, 26 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7297 (BAS,K,P,WAG,YA); Massif des
ǤʹιʹǤǯͻιͷͶǤͻǯǤǣʹͲǡͳͻʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡTchouto Mbatchou MMX 47 (WAG).
, Rio Muni: près de la frontière gabonaise, chantier forestier à l’Est de Congo. 1°05’N
10°00’E. Alt: 10m, 2 May 1989 (st), McPherson, G.D. 13994 (LBV); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: région continentale,
Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 12 March 1997 (fr), Ngomo 4 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, sur la piste
du Rio Uolo au transect Ecofac de Mosumo. 1°36.9’N 10°03.4’E. Alt: 200m, 6 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 53
(BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 200 m du transect Ecofac de Mosumo. 1°35.6’N 10°03.3’E. Alt: 410m,
11 March 2001 (st), Senterre 827 (BRLU); SO du Parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée
du Rio Uolo., 1°37.4’N 10°04.6’E, 17 January 2002 (fr), Senterre 1936 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: région
continentale, Sud ouest de Ayamiken. 2°07’N 10°01’E, 30 April 1997 (fr), Obama 186 (BRLU); 7 km ENE de
ǤǡͳιͲǯͳͲιͳͳǯǡͺ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡWilks 1741 (LBV,WAG); Sendje à Ongamnsok., 1°22’N 9°58’E, 19
February 2001 (fr), Lejoly 01/ 5 (BRLU).
, ǣ ͳͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Duparquet 60 (P); Estuaire: Pointe Owendo. 0°18’N 9°30’E, 6
ͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡPériquet 28ȋȌǢ ǤͲιʹͷǯͻι͵Ͳǯǡ ͳͺͻȋϐǡȌǡSoyaux 40 (K);
3
Ǥͻͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͻʹ
ǤͲιʹǯͻιʹͺǯǡȋϐȌǡJolly 115 (P); Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, March 1891 (fr), Jolly 118 (P,WAG);
route Akok-brigade de reboisement de la Mvoum, 9 km. 0°39’N 10°18’E, 19 November 1982 (st), Louis, A.M.
132ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ǤǤǯǡʹͶǤͲι͵͵ǯͻιͷʹǯǤǣͲǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Louis, A.M. 209ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡͷͲǤͲιʹͶǯͻι͵Ͷǯǡʹ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡBogner 644 (K); 65 km de
Libreville, sur la route de Lambaréné, embranchement de route au Nord. 0°25’N 10°25’E, 23 June 1970 (st),
Farron 7488 (P); Ǧ±ǣͳ͵ǤͲι͵ͷǯͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡͷ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡDibata 7
(LBV,MO,WAG); Mabounié, forest west of camp. 0°45.07’S 10°31.27’E. Alt: 109m, 13 May 2012 (fr), Bidault 552
(BRLU,LBV,MO); ±ǣ ǡʹͲǦʹͷǡǤ
ͳιͶǤͳǯͳͲιͳͶǤͲǯǤǣ͵ǡͳͳʹͲͳͳȋϐǡȌǡMaas, P.J.M. 10233 (LBV,WAG); : concession
Ǥ ʹιͶͲǤͶǯ ͳͲιʹͻǤͳǯǤ ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ͵Ͳ ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Valkenburg 2533 (LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±Ǧ
Maritime: Rabi-Kounga, near Rabi 25, behind hectare plot of Jan Wieringa. 1°55.7’S 9°52.5’E. Alt: 30m, 3
ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡHaegens 91 (WAG); Rabi-Kounga. 1°55’S 9°52’E, 23 November 1991 (fr), Schoenmaker,
J. 194 (WAG); Rabi-E, E of S entrance of Camp Pechaud. 1°56.6’S 9°53.8’E, 7 November 1990 (st), Nek 233
ȋǡǡ ȌǢǦǡʹǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷʹǯǡ͵ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡBourobou 688 (LBV); Rabi-Kounga, N of
landing strip, in ha-plot. 1°55.7’S 9°52.5’E. Alt: 45m, 1 June 1992 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 1085 (LBV,WAG); Rabi-Shell
ǡǡǤͳιͷͷǤǯͻιͷʹǤͶǯǤǣͷǡʹͶ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡDauby 2135 (BRLU,LBV,MO);
ͶͲǤʹιͲͲǤǯͳͲιʹͶǤͲǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳʹͲͲͷȋϐǡȌǡ
Sosef 2321 (BR,E,HUJ,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi, N of airstrip, in 1-ha plot. 1°55.7’S 9°52.5’E. Alt: 45m, 12 March
1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 2452 (LBV,WAG); Ca. 60 km along an exploitation track in a W.N.W. direction from
ǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲιͳͳǯǤǣʹͲͲǡʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8987 (MO,WAG); 40 km N.N.W.
of Doussala. 2°02’S 10°25’E. Alt: 380m, 24 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9549 (MO,WAG); 30 km S of Rabi,
ǡ Ǯ ǯǤʹιͲ͵ǯͻιͶͻǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͳͻͺͻȋϐǡ
fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9770ȋ ȌǢǦǡ ǤʹιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 10170
(BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG).
, Western Regionǣ Ͷιͷʹǯ ʹιͳͶǯǡ ͳͺͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Burton s.n. (K); Western. Ankasa, along Ankasa
Ǥͷιͳ͵ǯʹι͵ͻǯǤǣͷͲǡͳͶ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡMerello 1430 (MO,UPS); Bawdia, W prov. 5°38’N 2°06’W,
ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡVigne FH 3154 (FHO); 10 mls S. of Tarkwa 5°10’N 1°59’W, 10 March 1952 (st), Morton,
J.K. GC 6554 (K); Bronikrom, 30 km SSE Samreboi. 5°25’N 2°25’ W, 25 May 1977 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 46607 (WAG).
IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Alépé. 5°30’N 3°39’W, 1907 (st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 17411 (P); Aboisso: Ayamé. 5°40’N
͵ιͳͲǯǡͳʹͳͻͷȋϐȌǡAké Assi s.n. (G); Guiglo: N’guisankro (Baoulé camp) 8 km S of Zagné, then 11 km
on track in direction east to forest. Just S. of border between Forêt classé and Parc National Tai, along LS3plot between 0 and 1. 6°07’N 7°24’W. Alt: 200m, 3 May 1990 (st), Albers, P. 74 (WAG); Taï Forest, 20 km SE
Ãǡ Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ιʹͷǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡ Barink 76 (WAG); Relevé 78;
Ǥǡͷιͷǯιʹͺǯǡ ͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡRouw, A. de 122 (WAG); réserve de Tai. 5°50’N 7°10’ W. Alt:
ͳͷͲǡʹͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡGautier, L. 387 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, December 1981 (fr), Stäuble 446 (G);
ͳͶͲʹͷǤͷιͶʹǯιʹͲǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 1070 (WAG); 14 km
ǤǡͷιͶͷǯιʹͲǯǡͻ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3571 (WAG); de oppido Tienkula; ad orientem per
5-9 km. 6°07’N 7°26’W, 2 March 1962 (st), Bernardi, L. 8383 (G,K); entre Sakré et Nigré. 5°40’N 7°22’W, 28
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡAké Assi 17851 (G); entre le moyen Sassandra le moyen Cavally. 5°50’N 7°05’W, 1 June
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19229ȋȌǢÃǤͷιͷʹǯιʹǯǡʹͳͳͻͺͳȋϐǡȌǡStäuble 47/ 412 (G); San±: along the road starting 40 km from San Pedro to Grand Béréby. 4°41’N 6°57’ W. Alt: 40m, 23 March
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 272 (WAG); Sassandra: San Pedro, nouvelle piste vers le Nord. 4°56’N 6°17’W, March
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBamps 2561ȋǡȌǢ͵Ͳ ±Ǥͷι͵ǯιͳͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡ͵ͳ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLeeuwenberg
3797 (B,L,WAG); entre Sassandra et San Pedro. Le long de la route de Soubré, 5 km au N. du carrefour. 5°00’N
ιʹͲǯǡͳͲͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFarron 7028ȋȌǢͶͺ ǦǤͷιͳͺǯιͳǯǡͳͷͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBreteler
7429 (WAG); ±: near Guiglo rapids in the Sassandra River. 8 km S.S.E. of Subré, west of the Sassandra.
ͷι͵ͻǯ ιͶͲǯ ǡ ʹʹ ͳͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 3287 (WAG); Guideko. 5°57’N 6°35’W, May 1907
ȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 16364 (P); TabouǣǤͷιʹʹǯιͳǯǡͺͳͻͺȋϐȌǡPoilecot 1120 (G); close to
Kouadjokro. 4°59.8’N 7°17.9’W. Alt: 150m, 2 May 1999 (fr), Jongkind 4432 (WAG); FC de la Ht Dodo. 4°58.3’N
ιͳͷǤͲǯǤ ǣ ͳͷͲǡ ͷ ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 4523 (MO,WAG); along road via Irputou to Cavally River.,
4°41.0’N 7°31.4’W, 8 April 2000 (st), Jongkind 4981 (WAG); 13 km NW of Tabou. 4°30’N 7°24’W, 12 April
ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBreteler 7384 (WAG).
LIBERIA, Grand Bassa: Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.9’N
ͻιʹʹǤʹǯǤ ǣ ͺͲǡ ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 5664 (WAG); Grand Gedeh: Eastern Province, Putu
District. New road from Chiehn (Zwedru Village) to Cape Palmas. About 10 km S. of Kanweake, a small village
3.7 Materials and Methods
ǤͲǤǤͷιʹͷǯͺιͲͶǯǡʹͺ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3681 (WAG); along Zwedru-Harper
road, north of Tiama Town. 5°42’N 8°06’W. Alt: 300m, 6 June 2005 (fr), Jongkind 6648 (WAG); Zwedru. 6°04’N
8°08’W, 3 August 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 7008 (K); Grebo Forest. 5°24’N 7°44’W. Alt: 200m, 10 December 2005
ȋϐȌǡJongkind 7269 (BR,G,WAG); Sino: Sapo NP, buffer zone, near Sinoe River. 5°21’N 8°48’ W. Alt: 115m, 23
ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 5386 (BR,G,WAG); Diebla 4°55’N 7°40’W, 3 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6292
(K); Jabroke 4°58’N 7°36’W, 12 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6493 (K); Inside Sapo NP close to cano crossing of
Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°47’W. Alt: 110m, 7 March 2009 (fr), Jongkind 8853 (WAG); Sapo National Park. 5°20.2’N
8°47.9’W. Alt: 100m, 30 January 2010 (st), Jongkind 9321 (WAG); Sapo National Park not far from Camp
Ǥ ͷιͳͺǤ͵ǯ ͺιͶͶǤǯǤ ǣ ͳͷǡ ʹʹ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 9824 (WAG); South-west of Togba Ville.
ͷιʹͺǤͶǯͻιͳͷǤͻǯǤǣͺͲǡʹͻʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9899 (WAG).
ǣ (st), Chase, M.W. 704 (K).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorn & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel
& Keay (1954).
Campylospermum Ǥ Ǥͺ
Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 298 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea dybovskii (Tiegh.) Aké Assi,
Candollea 55(2): 281 (2000). – Type: Dybovski 139 (holotype: P!), Gabon, Cap Lopez,
February 17th, 1894.
Ouratea gentilii De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr., Bot. 7: B53 (1920). – Type: Gentil 33 (holotype:
BR!; isotype: BR(x4)!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, bord des eaux, vallée de la
Loange (Lualaba-Kasai), January 5th, 1902.
Ouratea latepaniculata De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr., Bot. 7: B56 (1920). – Type: Laurent 1153
(holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eala, July 1st, 1905.
Ouratea malelaensis Ǥǡ Ǥ Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷͻ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ Ȃ ȋ
here): Vermoesen 1312 (holotype: BR!; isotype: K!, S!), Democratic Republic of the
Congo, environs de Malela, 1909.
Tree up ʹͷ; ͳ͵ ǡ ; twigs with
dark coloured bark. Stipules caducous, leaving a conspicuous scar at the base of the
petiole, triangular, c. 7 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–10 mm long, stout, canaliculate above;
leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋͳͳȂȌͳȂ͵ʹȋȂͶͲȌȋ͵ȂȌͷȂ
ͺȋȂͳͳȌ cm, ratio ͵Ȃͷǡbase cuneate to rounded, apex acute to acuminate, coriaceous,
not bullate, upper surface green, glossy, lower surface paler green, margin entire or
Ǣǣϐ
above, prominent beneath, ͻȂͳͻȋȂʹȌ, Ȃͳ
apart, not to slightly prominent above, prominent below, more or less at a right angle
with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral
veins ͳ ʹ in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform,
perpendicular to the main laterals or to the midrib, indistinct above, distinct below.
ϔ terminal, lax, its main axis 12–30(–40) cm long, generally in a zig-zag
shape; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle absent; racemesʹǦǡ
held horizontal, ͳͳȂͳͻȋȂʹȌ , occasionally these branched again; bracts
caducous, sometimes a reduced leaf present at the base of peduncle, elliptic, 3–6 x
3
Ǥͻ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
0.5–2 cm; cymules ͲǤͷȂ͵ ǡͳȂͶȋȂȌǦϐ. Flower: pedicel ͷȂͳʹ,
ͳȂͶǢ ǡϐ
(6–)7–8 x 2–4 mm, in fruit 12–13 x 5–8 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded, enclosing
the drupelets, coriaceous; petals obovate, (8–)12–19 x (5–)6–8 mm, truncate at base,
rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 mm
long, curved. Fruitǣ ǤͳϐǡͶͷǢͳȂͷ
well developed per receptacle, broadly reniform, 7–8 x 6–7 mm; cotyledons accumbent,
similar in size.
3
p.94
Notes: This species is very close to C. calanthum and C. ϔ (see the note under
C. ϔ). Its leaves differ by having a cuneate to rounded base and being narrowly
elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate. Its main lateral veins are prominent while those of C.
calanthum are sunken. The racemes are held horizontally whereas in C. calanthum they
are ascending. However, exceptionally specimens of C. dybovskii may be encountered
specimens that have a distinctly acuminate apex and marked secondary nerves that
Ǥ ǡϐ
ascending racemes as in C. calanthum. Those specimens were formerly assigned to O.
malelaensis and O. latepaniculata, but we follow Farron (1963) in regarding these as
ϐ C. dybovskii.
Ouratea malelaensis was originally published with the citation of two syntypes:
Vermoesen 1312 and 1222. Vermoesen 1312 has been designated as lectotype of O.
malelaensis because this specimen is distributed in three herbaria and consists of
fruiting material. Both sides of the leaf blade show the venation pattern character that
is deemed important for the distinction with related species.
Campylospermum dybovskii Tiegh. was originally published as C. dybowskii by the
French author Van Tieghem who named the plant after the plant collector M. Dybovski
but he accidentally misspelled his family name. To be in accordance with the Code of
Nomenclature, we regarded C. dybowskiii as being an orthographic error and C. dybovskii
is to be retained (ICBN Melbourne, Art. 60.1).
Distributionǣ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ
Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola (Zaire prov.) (Map 9).
Ecologyǣ ǡǡϐǢ
ǡǢͷȂ͵ͲǤ
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Uses: Roots are ground with seeds of Aframomum melegueta and eaten to remedy
impotence (Neuwinger, 2000).
IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋǡǡȌǤαʹǡͳͳʹǡͲͻͲ2ǡαͳǡͺͳͳǡͲ2,
αͺͲ ȋ αʹͷͻ ȌǤ
represented in herbaria indicating it is not uncommon. Moreover, many of the collecting
localities, at least in Gabon, are located inside National Parks (Moukalaba-Doudou,
A
C
ͳ
B
ͺǤ Campylospermum dybovskii. A. Fruiting branch. B. Flowering branch. C. Flower. ͳ & ʹ. Fruit. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
Map 9. Distribution of Campylospermum dybovskii
3.7 Materials and Methods
ʹ
3
Ǥͻͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Loango, Lopé, Pongara, Ivindo, Plateaux Batéké). Thus, the category of Least Concern
seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
3
Ǥͻ
, Zaireǣ ǡǡϐǤιͲͺǯͳʹι͵ǯǡͳͶ ͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡGossweiler
8647 (K).
, Central Province: Subdivision Eseka, dans les chantiers des bois du Cameroun. 3°39’N 10°46’E,
ͺ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Mbarga 22 (P,WAG,YA); 15-20 km E. of Mbalmayo. 3°33’N 11°37’E. Alt: 630m, 21 July
1961 (st), Breteler 1629 (BR,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); Littoral: à 12 km E de Bonepoupa, près Dibamba. 3°57’N
9°40’E, 31 July 1949 (fr), Letouzey 1345 (P); 3 km E. of km 21 of road Yabassi-Douala. 4°20’N 10°05’E. Alt:
100m, 17 August 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6410 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,WAG,YA); 20 km SE of Douala, 2 km NW of
Ǥȋα±ȌǤ͵ιͷͺǯͻιͶͺǯǡʹͲͳͻͷȋȌǡLeeuwenberg
6475 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); route de Douala à Yabassi, 30 km N. de la bifurcation pour Edéa. 4°24’N
ͳͲιͲͲǯǡͳʹͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFarron 7290 (P); South ProvinceǣǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶͶǯǡͳ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡ
Annet 360ȋȌǢ͵ǤǤǡʹιͶͷǯͻιͷʹǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͺͲȋϐȌǡBeentje 1535 (MO,WAG); 10 km
N. of Kribi. 3°02’N 9°57’E. Alt: 5m, 10 August 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2915 (BR,P,WAG); 9 km N of Kribi,
Ǥ͵ιͲͲǯͻιͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡBos, J.J. 3506 (C,UPS,WAG); Kribi, 9 km sur
la route d’Edea. 3°00’N 9°57’E, 24 April 1970 (st), Farron 7126 (P); between Campo I and Campo II. 2°23’N
ͻιͷͲǯǡͷ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 7804 (BR,EA,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); 15 km along forest
exploitation track leading from Ipono to bridge crossing the Bongola River to Dipikar Island. 2°19’N 9°54’E.
ǣͺͲǡʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8694 (BR,EA,K,LG,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG,YA); Vallée de la
ǡʹͷ±Ǥ͵ι͵ǯͳͳιͶͷǯǡͳͻ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡLetouzey 11313 (K,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Bouenza: Région de Mayoko, chantier Aubeville. 4°16’S 13°33’E, 11 March 1973
ȋϐȌǡSita 3514 (WAG); Kouilou: Dimonika derrière la case de l’ORSTOM. 4°14’S 12°26’E, 30 April 1983 (fr),
Moutsamboté 1797 (P); environ N’Tiétié, à 13 km du village vers N’Gongo. 3°55’S 11°30’E, 9 December 1974
ȋϐȌǡSita 3815 (P); ±: piste de Brazzaville, village d’Oboté, near Zanaga. 2°54’S 13°52’E, 16 October
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBouquet, A. 1821 (P); Pool: Région de Kindamba, environs de Kikouimba sur piste de Mâ- Kinzona
ͳǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͶιͳͲǯǡͶ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡSita 3168 (WAG); Plateau Batéké, à 3 km du camp du Km
45. 4°04’S 15°29’E, 21 September 1963 (st), Trochain 12266 (P).
ȋ Ȍ, Bandundu: Bienge. 5°37’S 19°46’E, October 1907 (fr), Sapin s.n. (BM,S); Kutu. 2°44’S
ͳͺιͲͺǯǡ ͵ͳ ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Laurent, É. s.n. ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷι͵ǯ ͳͻιͶǯǡ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Sapin s.n.
ȋȌǢǤͶιͳͺǯͳͺιʹͶǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡSapin s.n.ȋȌǢǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡ
Vanderyst 3056ȋȌǢǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ ͳͻͳͶȋϐǡȌǡVanderyst 3104 (BR); Bandundu. 3°18’S
ͳιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡVanderyst 5136ȋȌǢǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ ͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡVanderyst 9127
ȋȌǢǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ ͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡVanderyst 9131ȋȌǢ ǤͶιͲǯͳͻι͵ǯǡͳͻʹͳȋϐǡ
fr), Vanderyst 9232ȋȌǢǤͷιͲʹǯͳͺιͶͻǯǡ ͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡVanderyst 9728 (BR); Ipamou.
ͶιͲǯ ͳͻι͵ǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 12792 ȋȌǢ ǦǤ ιͳ͵ǯ ͳιͷͺǯǡ ͳͻʹͷ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 17322
(BR); Bas-Congo: Malela, Biluku. 5°59’S 12°37’E, February 1913 (fr), Verschueren, R.C.M. 351 (BR); 5°59’S
12°37’E, 5 January 1919 (fr), Vermoesen 1312 (K,S); Kisantu, Boko Ngufu. 5°02’S 15°10’E, December 1949
ȋϐȌǡCallens 2137 (BR); EquateurǣǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. s.n. (BR,K); 0°03’N
ͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 2ȋȌǢȋȌǤͲιͲͶǯͳͻιͳʹǯǡͳʹͳͻͳʹȋϐǡ
fr), Mengé 12 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 25 September 1935 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 161 (BR,K); Boyera (Ingende).
Ͳι͵ͺǯͳͻιʹͷǯǡͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡDubois, L. 189ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͻιʹͷǯǡͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡ
Dubois, J. 189 ȋǡȌǢ Ǥ Ͳιͷͳǯ ʹʹιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Gorbatoff 193 (BR); Eala, sur la rive droit
ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡLéonard, J.J.G. 215 (BR,EA,FHO,G,K,UPS,US,WAG); Boende. 0°13’S
ʹͲιͷʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡDubois, L. 342ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͶ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡCoûteaux, G.
354 (K,WAG); Eale, rive droite de la Ruki. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 10 September 1946 (fr), Léonard, J.J.G. 559 (K,WAG);
ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐǡȌǡLebrun 674 (BR,P); Rive Lua-Lusangania. 0°04’N 19°21’E, September
1937 (fr), Dubois, L. 806ȋȌǢǤͲιͲǯʹͲιͲͺǯǡȋϐȌǡHulstaert 830 (BR); Maringa (Basankusu). 1°13’N
19°49’E, August 1938 (fr), Dubois, L. 949ȋǡǡ ȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡLaurent, M.D.J.
1153 (BR); Bokote. 0°06’S 20°08’E, 1943 (fr), Hulstaert 1211ȋǡȌǢǡǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͶ
ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡCorbisier-Baland 1731ȋ ȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͶ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡBaland 1731 (BR,K); En
face d’Eale, rive du Ruki. 0°03’N 18°19’E. Alt: 300m, 12 January 1944 (fr), Germain, R.G.A. 1879 (K,WAG); en
face d’Eala, rive droite du Ruki. 0°03’N 18°19’E. Alt: 330m, 12 January 1944 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 1879 (BR); en
ǯǡǤͲιͲͷǯͳͺιͳǯǤǣͶͳͲǡͳͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1928 (BM,C,EA);
3.7 Materials and Methods
ǡǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͳͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1981 (BM,BR,K,P); Ikengo.
0°08’S 18°08’E, 18 March 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3687 (BR,K); Rivière Salonga, rive gauche. 3 km en amont
de la Yenge. 0°10’S 19°50’E, 4 August 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4480 (BR,K); Bakatola. 0°38’S 18°46’E, June
ͳͻʹͷȋϐȌǡGoossens, V.G. 6177 (BR); Kasai-OccidentalǣǤͶιͳͺǯʹͲιͲʹǯǡͷ ͳͻͲʹȋϐȌǡGentil 33
(BR); KinshasaǣǦǤͶιʹͶǯͳͷιͳͳǯǡʹͻ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡBreyne, H. 360 (WAG); Maluku, route
ǦͷǤͶιͲ͵ǯͳͷι͵͵ǯǡͳͲͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBreyne, H. 962 (BR); Maluku, mare Funu (Pt
ȌǤ ͶιͲ͵ǯ ͳͷι͵͵ǯǡ ͳ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Breyne, H. 3064 (BR); Maniema: environ Malela. 4°22’S
26°08’E, 26 December 1918 (fr), Vermoesen 1222 (BR); Orientale: Bengamisa Km 22. 0°56’N 25°09’E, June
1937 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 70 (C,K); Yangambi, près de la rivière Lusambila. 0°46’N 24°28’E, 20 February 1961
ȋϐǡȌǡYafunga 100ȋȌǢǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡͳͷͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡLemaire, H. 191 (BR); Yambuya. 1°16’N
24°33’E, 2 March 1906 (fr), Laurent, M.D.J. 1468 (BR).
, Rio Muni, Litoralǣ × Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ Ͳιͷͷǯ ͻιͳͻǯǡ
ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡObama 741 (BRLU); Bata-Pembe: Eyang Mbaha. Estrada kms 33-34. 1°53’N 10°01’E, 28 February
1992 (fr), Carvalho, M.F. de 5031ȋǡ ȌǢǦǣǤʹιͲǯͻιͷǯǡͺ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡ
Carvalho, M.F. de 5587 (MA,WAG).
, Estuaire: 0°37’N 9°20’E, 27 April 1935 (fr), Klein, H. 41 (B,K,P); Parc National de la Pongara. Pointe
±ǡ ° Ǥ ͲιͳͻǤͺǯ ͻιͳͻǤ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͳͲǡ ʹ͵ ʹͲͲ ȋϐȌǡ
Dauby 73ȋǡȌǢȀȀ±ǤǡͷǡͲιʹͲǯͻιʹͳǯǤǣͷǡͳͺ ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡ
Simons, E.L.A.N. 410ȋǡ ȌǢȀȀ±ǤǡͷǡͲιʹͲǯͻιʹͳǯǤǣͷǡʹͲ
ͳͻͻͻȋϐǡȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 482 (LBV,WAG); Parc National Pongara, Pointe Pongara. 0°20.8’N 9°21.2’E, 17
ʹͲͳʹȋϐǡȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 1062 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Forêt Classée de la Mondah, à l’est de la
route Libreville-Cap Estérias (piste entre la savane incluse et le marécage à Stipularia). 0°34.65’N 9°20.97’E, 5
ʹͲͳͳȋϐȌǡLachenaud 1182 (LBV,MO); Mbangtang, rive droite de l’Igombiné, Parc National de la Pongara.
0°03.13’N 9°36.63’E, 8 March 2011 (st), Lachenaud 1227 (LBV,MO); About 20 km N of Libreville. 0°35’N 9°22’E,
ʹͻ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 2886 (WAG); Ǧ±: Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Ouest du
Bai Jobo sur une piste de chasseur. 2°13.77’S 13°50.63’E, 8 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 584 (MO); Moyen±: Eastern part of the Presidential Reserve Wonga-Wongué 100 km S of Libreville. 0°30’S 9°40’E. Alt:
130m, 28 February 1983 (fr), Wilde (WALK-B) 810 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Département Ogooue-et-des-Lacs, Lake
Oguemoué. 1°03.92’S 10°02.92’E, 16 November 2012 (fr), Quiroz-Villarreal 1923 (WAG); : mayumba
peninsular 15 km S of Maynumba town, the surf of the ocean within hearing distance. 3°30’S 10°44’E. Alt: 5m,
18 February 1983 (fr), Wilde (WALK-B) 649 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±Ǧ : M’passa. 0°30’N 12°45’E,
23 March 1977 (st), Florence 80 (P); M’passa. 0°30’N 12°45’E, 19 May 1977 (st), Florence 294 (P); lower
±ǤͲιͶǯͳ͵ιͲͲǯǡͺͳͻͻͲȋϐǡȌǡMinkébé Series W 523 (WAG); ±Ǧ: Cap
Lopez. 0°46’S 8°47’E, July 1902 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. s.n. (P); Parc National Loango. 1°57.40’S 9°20.50’E, 11
ʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡMouandza Mbembo 16 (BR,K,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Cap Lopez. 0°41’S 8°44’E, 21 February 1894
(st), Dybowski 139ȋȌǢ ǡ͵ǤʹιͶ͵ǤͶǯͳͲιͳʹǤʹǯǤǣͷǡʹͳ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡBergen
185 (LBV,MO,PRE,WAG); Gamba-E, road from Gambo airport to the north, new laterite road direction ‘plaines’.
2°47.5’S 10°03.7’E, 11 November 1990 (st), Nek 261 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga. East of Divangui. 1°57’S
ͳͲιͲͲǯǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡSchoenmaker, J. 375 (BR,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, N of Checkpoint EST.
1°57’S 10°00’E, 19 February 1992 (fr), Schoenmaker, J. 396 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Near Lac Bavinga. 1°39’S
9°51’E, 1 July 1992 (st), Wilks 2592 (MO,WAG); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km
south of Iguela. 2°00.6’S 9°23.2’E. Alt: 10m, 30 April 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8250 (E,IG,LBV,WAG); Loango
National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela. 2°00.6’S 9°23.2’E. Alt: 10m, 1 May 2005
(st), Harris, D.J. 8281 (E,LBV); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela.
2°00’S 9°23’E. Alt: 10m, 3 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8350 (E,LBV); Loango National Park 1 km west of Iguela
Lodge. 1°55’S 9°18’E. Alt: 15m, 4 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8361 (E,LBV,WAG); Loango National Park, Tassisud. 2°07.0’S 9°28.8’E. Alt: 10m, 20 May 2005 (fr), Harris, D.J. 8743 (E,LBV,WAG); 3.6 km SE of Gamba airport,
ǤʹιͶͺǤͲǯͳͲιͲͶǤͶǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11278 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG).
IVORY COAST, ǣ not mentioned but probably Ivory Coast.12 February 1957 (fr), Aubréville, A.
1957/ 106 (P).
, Akwa-Ibom State: Ibeno, on the path from Ibeno to the Western Boundary of Stubbs Creek F.R.
Ͷι͵Ͷǯιͷͻǯǡͳʹͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡOnochie FHI 32094 (K); Edo State: Asaba, central division, South province.
ιͳͳǯιͶͷǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡLeslie, J.C. 31 (K); Sapoba., 6°06’N 5°53’E, (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 213 (FHO); side
of Jamieson River, near Sapoba. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 13 November 1949 (fr), Meikle 550 (K,P); Sapado, Jamieson
ǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡKennedy, J.D. 1687 (FHO); Sapoba, SE of Benin, by R. jamieson. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 13 July
3
Ǥͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
1971 (fr), Lowe, J. 2269ȋȌǢǡ ǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2789 (FHO); Sapado,
Ǥ ιͲǯ ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Kennedy, J.D. 2823 (FHO); Okomu forest reserve. Nikrowa creek, O.F.R.
ιͳͶǯͷιʹͳǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͶͺȋϐǡȌǡBrenan 9187 (FHO,K); Sapoba, Jameson River between the forestry
Ǥ ǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡͺ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡOnochie FHI 23314 (K).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
3
Ǥͻͺ
Campylospermum elongatum (Oliv.) Tiegh.
Fig. 9
J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 43 (Febr. 1902). – Gomphia elongata Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 321 (1868).
– Ouratea elongataȋǤȌǤ ǤƬǡǤϐǤǡǤͳǡ ǡǣ
142 (Febr. 1893). – Spongopyrena elongata (Oliv.) Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris)
8: 216 (Apr. 1902). – Type: Mann 77 ȋǣǨǢǣǨȌǡ ǡ
Fernando-Po, 1859.
Spongopyrena cyanescens Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 201 (June 1902). – Type: Soyaux 179
(holotype: P!; isotype: K!, Z!), Gabon, Sibange-Farm, territoire de Munda, January 1881.
Spongopyrena reniformis Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 8, Bot. 16: 319 (1902). – Type: Zenker
975 (holotype: P!; isotype: BM!, G!, K!, S!, WAG!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1896.
Treelet, up to 7 m tall, monocaulous or rarely sparingly branched at the top; bark
brown. Stipules persistent, triangular, 8–10 mm long. Leaves clustered at the apex of the
stem; petiole 5–8 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate,
18–61 x 4–15 cm, ratio ͶȂͷȋȂȌ, base slightly cordate or sometimes rounded, apex acute
to acuminate, papery to coriaceous, not bullate, margin distantly serrulate, teeth with
a dark tip, upper side glossy dark green, lower side paler, fairly dull; venation: midrib
ϐ ǡangular on the lower, main lateral veins ʹͲȂ͵ͷ on
either side, ȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͲȌ, slightly sunken on upper side, prominent on lower
side, more or less at a right angle to the midrib but curved up towards the margin,
intermediate lateral veins 1–3 in between each pair of main lateral, tertiary venation
scalariform, running more or less perpendicular to the main lateral veins, distinct
on both sides. ϔ axillary, unbranched, fairly lax, pendant, its main axis
distinctly ϐ, ʹ͵ȂͲȋȂͺ͵Ȍ , ͶȂͷǡ , the
ϐ ȋͷȂȌͺȂʹͷ Ǣ pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle
persistent, ǡ Ȃͳͳ Ǣ ͲǤ͵ȂʹǤʹ ǡ ͳȂ͵ȋȂȌǦϐǢ
bracts tiny. Flower: pedicel 5–10 mm long, articulated at c. 1 mm from its base; sepals
ǡϐȂͻʹȂͶǡͺȂͳͲ͵Ȃͷ
red; petals elliptic, 7–9 x 3 mm, base cuneate, apex acute; stamens: anthers 5–7 mm
long; ovary 2 mm high; style c. 6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle ͳͲȋȂͳʹȌ;
drupelets 3–5 well developed per receptacle, broadly reniform to almost globose,
8–10 x 6–10 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size.
Notesǣ ϐ Ǥ
specimen shows cymules elongated into short racemes, which is regarded as a rare
mutation.
A
B
K
C
L
G
E
O
I
M
F
J
Figure 9. Campylospermum elongatum. A. Seed, longitudinal section. B. Seed, cross setion. C. Accumbent cotyledons. . Receptacle in fruit, top view. E. Receptacle in
fruit, side view. F. Receptacle diagram. G. Flowering branch. HǤ ϐ ǤI. Flower bud. J. Sepals top view. K. Flower. L. Stipules. M. Stamens. . Ovary and style.
O. Young plant. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ͳͲ. Distribution of Campylospermum elongatum
3.7 Materials and Methods
H
3
p.99
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͲͲ
Distributionǣǡ ǡ
Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Angola (Cabinda) and the Democratic Republic
of the Congo (Map ͳͲ).
Ecologyǣ ǡ ϐ
forest; on sandy soil with humus; at 5–1150 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Vernacular names: : Abé moro (Fang), Bololondgi
ȋȌǡȋȌǡȀȋȀ±Ȍǡ ȋȌǡ
Kabesebese (Kinande), Kikusu (Dondolondo), Lengbalangwe Penza (Babua), Lifofa
(Turumbu), Ndakamasese (Bila d’Epulu), Ngabi (Mitsogho), Olili Bo Kikereke, Gole,
Gwanga, Mondondolindo.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹǡͷͶǡͺͲ2ǡαʹǡͺͲ͵ǡͳͲ2ǡ αʹͺͻ
ȋ αʹͻͳ ȌǤ Ǥ
Therefore, the status of Least Concern seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, Central Provinceǣ Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ͳͺͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker; Staudt 134 (K); near
Ndanan 2. 3°37’N 11°34’E. Alt: 700m, 22 March 2004 (fr), Darbyshire, I.A. 200 (K,SCA,WAG,YA); près de la
mission de Ouassa. 4°54’N 12°36’E, 16 February 1959 (fr), Letouzey 1415 (P); 9 km SW. of Yaoundé, N. of road
to Makak, Etoug Ebé, path to Eloumden. 3°50’N 11°28’E. Alt: 750m, 18 July 1961 (st), Breteler 1598 (WAG);
Essong. 4°53’N 12°49’E, 6 May 1952 (fr), Letouzey 1852 (P); Makak. 3°33’N 11°02’E, October 1938 (st),
Jacques-Félix 2258 (P); Near the village of Lobo 50 km NW of Yaoundé. 3°54’N 11°14’E. Alt: 500m, 30 March
1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2264 (P,WAG); 70 km SW. of Eseka. Along the Njong river 15 km SW. of the new
bridge. 3°32’N 10°25’E. Alt: 200m, 15 July 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2821 (WAG); Mbalmayo, N of Yaoundé.
3°31’N 11°30’E, 13 December 1957 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 7186 (WAG); 25 km S. of Yaoundé. 3°40’N 11°31’E, 12
December 1957 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 7187 (WAG); Yaounde, colline du Mont Kala. 3°51’N 11°22’E. Alt: 9001150m, 4 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7223 (P); Ototomo Reserve, à 40 km de Yaoundé sur la route de Kribi. 3°40’N
11°20’E, 5 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7254 (P); Yaounde, à environ 40 km au SW sur la route de Makak. 3°44’N
11°20’E, 26 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7349 (P); Vicinity of Ndanan I, Forest path immediately NE. 3°37.55’N
11°34.82’E. Alt: 700m, 12 October 2002 (fr), Cheek 11014 (K,WAG); East Province: Bouamir et environs.
3°11’N 12°48’E, 3 September 2001 (fr), Nguembou Kamgang 88 (P,YA); Precp. 1400mm. 2°20’N 16°09’E. Alt:
͵ͷͲǡ ͳ ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Harris, D.J. 143 (K,MO,P); environs de Bertoua près de Deng Deng. 4°39’N
13°25’E, 19 December 1955 (fr), Nana, P. 389 (P); Bertoua, 6 km along road to Batouri, junction of road to
Bétaré Oya. 4°35’N 13°44’E. Alt: 670m, 17 December 1960 (st), Breteler 854 (P,WAG,YA); 30km NW of
Moloundou. 2°15’N 15°05’E. Alt: 440m, 8 December 1982 (fr), Kruif, A.P.M. de 889 (WAG,YA); Along Sanaga
river S. of Goyoum, 20 km W. of Deng-Deng. 5°12’N 13°23’E. Alt: 635m, 27 January 1961 (st), Breteler 936
(P,WAG); Doumé. 4°14’N 13°28’E, 1 May 1907 (fr), Hédin, L. 1019 (P); 14 km S. of Yokadouma, road to
Moloundou. 3°25’N 15°00’E. Alt: 540m, 22 June 1961 (st), Breteler 1545 (WAG); Dzanga-Sangha Reserve. 45
km South of Lidjombo, NDAKAN gorilla study area. Precp. 1400 m. 2°21’N 16°10’E. Alt: 350m, 6 November
ͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡHarris, D.J. 1556 (K,MO); Sud Dimako, rive droite de la rivière Mbonda. (Bertoua). 4°14’N 13°27’E,
18 January 1960 (fr), Letouzey 2673ȋȌǢǡǤͶιͷǯͳ͵ιͳͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡLetouzey 2891
ȋȌǢ° Ǥͷιͳʹǯͳ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡLetouzey 3338 (P); 15 km au SSW de Koso, village
situé à 60 km au SSW de Batouri. 3°46’N 14°05’E, 26 July 1963 (fr), Letouzey 5499 (P); Km. 29 of road BertouaBétaré Oya. Near Gounté. 4°45’N 13°50’E. Alt: 750m, 9 June 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5809 (WAG); Djembe road
head, 300 m south of camp, edge of Sangha. 2°12’N 16°05’E, 17 October 1998 (st), Harris, D.J. 5935 (E); Lac
Lobeke Reserve 40 km west of Djembe. 2°09’N 15°44’E, 18 October 1998 (fr), Harris, D.J. 5973 (E,MO,WAG); 7
km W. of Yokadouma, along path to Lomié. 3°31’N 15°00’E. Alt: 550m, 13 July 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6071
(WAG); Lobeke Reserve. Small Bai. 2°17’N 15°43’E, 1 November 1998 (st), Harris, D.J. 6113 (E); 18 km W. of
Yokadouma, 6 km W. of Mbol. 3°30’N 14°57’E. Alt: 550m, 17 July 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6175 (BAS,P,WAG);
Ǥ Ǥ ʹιͳͻǯ ͳͷιͶǯǡ ͷ ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Harris, D.J. 6233
3.7 Materials and Methods
(E,MO,WAG); 5 km N. of Lomié, near Bingongol. 3°12’N 13°38’E. Alt: 650m, 11 September 1965 (st),
Leeuwenberg 6634 (WAG); Rive de la Boumba à 40 km SSW Yokadouma, près Nouveau Ngato-Madjwé. 3°15’N
ͳͶιͷͺǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡMeijer, W. 15177 (WAG); Littoral: Forstexpedition. 3°44’N 11°10’E, 1908 (fr),
Büsgen 135ȋȌǢǦȋȌǤ͵ι͵ǯͻιͷǯǡͺ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡMezili 240 (K); Pongo-Songo
ȋȌǤ͵ι͵ͻǯͻιͶͻǯǡͺ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡLetouzey 240 (P); : Relict forest near
Kumba. 4°36’N 9°26’E. Alt: 150m, 17 February 1985 (fr), Thomas, D.W. 4392 (MO); South Province: Bipindi.
͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲʹȋϐȌǡZenker s.n.ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡȋϐȌǡZenker s.n. (FHO,G); 15
km S Lolodorf, 6 km NE Ebom (plot I2-azobé 48). 3°06.2’N 10°43.7’E. Alt: 400m, 19 September 1995 (fr),
Winter, A.J. de 29 (WAG); Mbouma et environs. 2°44’N 13°04’E, 31 July 2001 (fr), Nguembou Kamgang 73 (YA);
environs d’Oveng, 8 km W. de Nyabessan. 2°24’N 10°21’E, 27 November 1982 (fr), Nkongmeneck 368 (P);
Lolodorf. 3°14’N 10°43’E, (fr), Staudt 730 ȋǡ ǡ ǡǡǡȌǢ ͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker 975
(BM,G,K,S,W,WAG,Z); c. 50km E of Campo, in Reserve de Faune de Campo. 2°22’N 10°09’E. Alt: 500m, 12
ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Kruif, A.P.M. de 1086 (WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bipindi, PK7.3 avant Bipindi. 3°04.13’N
10°20.45’E. Alt: 97m, 30 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1243 (LBV,WAG,YA); Campo Ma’an area, Melen. 2°19.4’N
ͳͲιʹͲǤͷǯǤǣ͵ʹͲǡʹͶ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡElad 1594 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG); Bitye, near the River Ja. 3°01’N 12°22’E,
4 April 1921 (st), Bates, G.L. 1830 (K); C. 15 km South of Ebolowa. 2°50’N 11°10’E, 28 February 1964 (st),
Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1978 (WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1899 (fr), Zenker 1979 (BM,E,G,K); Campo-Ma’an
ǡǡ ǤʹιͳͷǤǯͻιͷʹǤǯǤǣʹͲǡʹͺ ʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2390
ȋ ǡ ȌǢǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡZenker 3168 (BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,MA,S,W,Z); 7,5 km from
ǡ ʹ ʹιͷͶǯ ͻιͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bos, J.J. 3389 (WAG); Bipindi,
Bipindihof, Zenker Gardens. Pipeline route, across road to Ebom and Akom II. 3°04’N 10°24’E. Alt: 35m, 7 June
ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐȌǡ Andel, T.R. van 3513 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Bipindi, Bipindihof, Zenker Gardens, Nkol Mabimbi.,
3°04’N 10°24’E, 8 June 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van 3532 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Campo Ma’an area, road Nko ElonǤǦ Ǥʹιʹ͵ǤͻǯͳͲιͲͶǤ͵ǯǤǣͳ͵ͷǡͳʹ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3615 (KRIBI,WAG,YA);
Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1908 (st), Zenker 3672 (BM,G,K,US,Z); Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N
10°25’E, 1909 (fr), Zenker 3864 (BM,K,US); 28 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road. 3°02’N 10°07’E, 8 April 1969 (st),
Bos, J.J. 4297 (BAS,P,WAG,YA); Ngusi, rive mungo. 3°00’N 10°00’E, 26 January 1986 (fr), Breyne, H. 5056 (BR);
36 km N. of Kribi, Edea road, Lokoundjé river at Ebéa falls. 3°11’N 10°02’E, 30 December 1969 (st), Bos, J.J.
6020 (BAS,WAG); 7 km from Kribi, Ebolowa road, few km N. of road. 2°55’N 9°58’E, 17 March 1970 (st), Bos,
J.J. 6576 (WAG); 65 km au NE de Kribi. 3°04’N 10°24’E, 27 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7172 (P); 7.5 km from Kribi,
few km N. of Ebolowa road. 2°56’N 9°57’E, 24 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7262 (WAG); Station du Cacaoyer de
N’koemvone, S. of Ebolowa, 14 km on the road to Ambam. Along the Seng river. 2°49’N 11°08’E. Alt: 470m, 8
April 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8151 (WAG); Mebemonko (20 km NO d’Oveng). 2°33’N 12°10’E, 24 October
1966 (fr), Letouzey 8172 (P); 30 km SE of Bipindi. 2°55’N 10°35’E, 26 February 1993 (fr), Breteler 12019
(WAG); Campo Region. Dipikar island. 2°14.0’N 9°53.0’E. Alt: 5m, 10 December 1998 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de
12126 (WAG); Campo Reserve. Near the village Ebianemeyong, not very far from the Ntem River. 2°24.3’N
10°21.4’E. Alt: 400m, 11 December 1998 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 12143 (WAG); près Ndogtima Nyong, 15 km NE
de l’embouchure Nyong. 3°23’N 10°00’E, 3 February 1974 (fr), Letouzey 12870 (P); South-West Province:
R.F. d’Ejagham, environ 42 km W. Manfe. 5°45’N 8°54’E, 22 September 1984 (fr), Onana 20 (P); Tiko. 4°05’N
ͻιʹʹǯǡ ͻ ͳͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ Dunlap 92 ȋȌǢ Ǧ Úǡ Ǥ Ͷι͵ͺǯ ͻιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ
Staudt 555 (COI,S); Mokoko forest reserve. 4°27’N 8°59’E, 1 May 1994 (fr), Sonké 1099 (BR); route KumbaMamfe, 14 km après village Baduma. 4°51.5’N 9°27.6’E. Alt: 251m, 2 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1265
(LBV,WAG,YA); village Mafoko-Kindongi, 8 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°33.23’N 9°23.00’E. Alt: 170m,
4 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1297 (LBV,WAG,YA); Near Ekoumbé village, S. of Mbonge, Kumba area, W.
Cameroon. 4°29’N 9°09’E, 23 July 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5104 (BAS,WAG); 40 km north of Kumba on Mmfe road,
along Mungo River by Kurume Hammock bridge. 4°57’N 9°28’E, January 1986 (fr), Thomas, D.W. 5412
(B,WAG); South Bakundu forest Reserve, Kendongi. 4°32’N 9°25’E, 14 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7298 (P); along
the footpath from Esukutang to Ekogate. Starting 5 Km west of Esukutang. 5°25’N 9°04’E. Alt: 250m, 30 May
ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 8044 (WAG); Lake Ejaghan forest reserve. 5°46’N 9°17’E, 6 March 1963 (fr), White, F.
8607 (FHO); Bopo, S. Bakundu Forest Reserve, Banga. 4°38’N 9°25’E, 11 March 1948 (fr), Brenan 9271
ȋ ǡȌǢͲͺͲ Ǥ͵ǤͶι͵ͺǯͻιʹͷǯǡʹͲͳͻͶȋϐȌǡEjiofor FHI 14022 (FHO);
ǡǦǤǤͶι͵ͺǯͻιʹͷǯǡͳͶͳͻͷͳȋϐǡȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 30577 (K);
ǤǤǡǤͶιʹͷǯͻιͳͶǯǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡKeay FHI 37464 (FHI,K).
, Lobaye: Ngotto, zone conservation LC1. 3°59’N 17°09’E, 6 May 1996 (st),
Zawa s.n. (BRLU); La Maboke. 3°54’N 17°53’E, 29 August 1968 (fr), Badré 167 (P); Boukoko. 3°54’N 17°56’E, 10
3
ǤͳͲͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͲʹ
ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡTisserant (Équipe) 238 (BM,P); site ECOFAC. 4°01’N 17°19’E, 22 April 2000 (st), Yongo
418 (BRLU); Mbaiki. 3°53’N 18°00’E, January 1945 (st), Tisserant (Équipe) 3738 (P); Lole forest, 70 km S.W. of
Bangui. 3°53’N 18°06’E, 10 December 1969 (st), Hepper 4158 (K); Ombella M’poko: Bangui. 4°20’N 18°33’E,
18 December 1904 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 11025 (P); Ǧ±±: Bai Hoku, 25 km E of Bayanga. 2°57’N
16°28’E. Alt: 400m, 15 April 1987 (st), Harris, D.J. s.n. (E); Ndakan., 2°21’N 16°09’E, April 1994 (st), Kuroda
55 (E); 45 km S of Lidjombo; Ndakan gorilla study area. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 30 November 1989 (fr),
Harris, D.J. 2236 (MO,WAG); Dzangha from camp to saline, 11 km NE of Bayanga. 2°57’N 16°21’E, 19 October
1993 (fr), Harris, D.J. 3533 (E,WAG); Dzangha camp, 11 km NE of Bayanga. 2°57’N 16°21’E, 5 December 1993
ȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 3906 (E); 25 km SE of Bayanga Kongana research camp. From camp to southern trail, west
of Kongana stream. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 3 February 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4449 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga,
Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 15 February 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4616 (E); Kongana research camp,
25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 5 June 1994 (st), Harris, D.J. 5087 (E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Cuvetteǣ ȋ ȌǤ Ͳι͵ǯ ͳͷιʹ͵ǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͻͷ ȋȌǡ Kouka
340ȋǡȌǢǡǡ ǤͲιͶʹǯͳͶι͵ǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Bitsindou, M. 462 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, entre le Camp Mboko et l’embarcadère. 0°38’N 14°54’E, 9
ͳͻͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Diafouka 561 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, entre le Camp Mboko et l’embarcadère.
0°38’N 14°54’E, 9 December 1993 (fr), Diafouka 569 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, Olouma, poste de garde
à la limite Est du Parc, sur la Mambili. 0°33’N 15°08’E, 2 February 1995 (fr), Champluvier 5362 (BR); Odzala
National Park, environ 35 km NE de Mbomo, domaine de chasse de Mboko. Lékénié, près du camp Mboko.
0°36’N 14°54’E, 9 February 1995 (fr), Champluvier 5382 (BR); Odzala National Park, rivière Mambili, de Moba
vers Ekagna, à 4 h de pirogue de Moba. 0°58’N 16°01’E, 22 November 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 151 (BRLU); Odzala
National Park, entre village Mbanza et le layon de Mbanza (à 10 km au nord du village). 0°37’N 14°00’E, 30
January 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 409 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, le Belvedere.
1°04’N 14°29’E, 23 November 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 821 (BRLU); Odzala N.P. Saline Mbouébé. 0°50’N 14°47’E,
10 February 1994 (fr), Lisowski C 106 (BRLU,K); Kouilou: Route de Kakamoeka à la Loundji, Mayombe. 4°10’S
12°00’E, 21 March 1969 (fr), Attims 87 ȋ ȌǢ ǡ ϐ Ǥ ͺ Ǥ Ͷιʹʹǯ
ͳʹιʹͳǯǡͳͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡForesta 1476 (P); bord de route Dumanga, (M’Bokan). 4°23’S 12°15’E,
September 1950 (fr), Koechlin 1523 (P); route du chantier de Boungolo, Pointe Noire. 4°07’S 11°57’E, 31
ͳͻȋϐȌǡFarron 4875 (P); Louvoulou, chantier forestier (Mayombe) Pointe Noire. 4°21’S 12°08’E, 4
February 1966 (fr), Farron 4962 (P); chantier forestier de Noyettes, Fourastié (Pointe Noire). 4°29’S 12°15’E,
8 February 1966 (st), Farron 5057 (P); ±: chantier forestier de Manderi, 20 km S.E de Sibiti. 3°45’S
13°30’E, 20 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4526 (P); chantier forestier de Manderi, 20 km S.E de Sibiti. 3°45’S
13°30’E, 20 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4534 (P); Likouala: sous-préfecture d’Impfondo, village de Mohitou.
1°37’N 18°00’E, 21 January 1966 (st), Bouquet, A. 2015 (P); Bangui. Poste de Ballois. 0°24’N 17°53’E, 20
December 1903 (st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 10982 (P); Pool: Bangou, 1 km E. campement Meya (Kindamba). 3°40’S
14°40’E, 27 April 1965 (fr), Farron 4080 (P); Sangha: secteur forestier nord, UFA Pokola. 1°11’N 16°46’E, 14
ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐǡȌǡGillet, J.-.F. 77 (BR); Nouablé-Ndoki National Park, Goualougo Study Site, 37.84 km E
ǤʹιͳͳǤͺǯͳι͵ͳǤǯǤǣ͵͵ǡʹ ʹͲͲȋϐǡȌǡNdolo Ebika 268 (E,WAG); 2.5 km NNE of
Ǥʹιͳ͵ǤͷͳǯͳιͳͳǤʹǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 9682 (E,IEC).
ȋ Ȍ, Bandundu: Kikwit. 5°02’S 18°48’E, 21 November 1990 (fr), Masens, B. 625 (BR,WAG);
Bankaie. 2°22’S 18°25’E, 21 September 1953 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 14858 (BR); Equateur: Ingolo. 0°11’S 18°28’E,
ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Ledoux 18 (BR); Bofonge de Likote. 1°02’N 21°56’E, 15 May 1935 (fr), Collart 23 (BR); environ de
Likimi. 2°50’N 20°45’E, 30 April 1910 (fr), Malchair 42 (BR); Yumoandja de Likote. 1°03’N 21°56’E, 21 May
ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡCollart 70 (BR); Boyasegese. 3°29’N 20°32’E, 18 October 1954 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 84 (BR); Lukolela.
1°30’S 17°12’E, 6 July 1906 (fr), Pynaert 230 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͶͷǯ ʹͲιʹͻǯǡ ʹ͵ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Evrard, C.M. 333ȋȌǢǡǤͲιͲͶǯͳͺιͳͲǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐǡȌǡLebrun 368 (BR);
ǤͲιͳ͵ǯʹͲιͷʹǯǡʹͺͳͻͶͳȋϐȌǡHulstaert 373 (BR); Lokolenge. 1°11’N 22°40’E, 21 May 1927 (st),
Ghesquière 703 (BR); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°16’E, April 1939 (fr), Dubois, L. 1022 (BR); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E,
ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡMortehan 1067ȋȌǢǤͲιͳ͵ǯʹͲιͷʹǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͶͶȋϐȌǡHulstaert 1339 (BR); Boende.
0°03’S 20°58’E, 24 July 1944 (fr), Hulstaert 1389 (WAG); Zongo. 4°21’N 18°36’E, 13 July 1957 (fr), Evrard, C.M.
2556 (BR); Solengi (Befale). 0°28’N 20°57’E, 19 February 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3499 (WAG); Befale. 0°28’N
20°57’E, 18 June 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4261 (K,WAG); Yalikungu (Mondombe). 0°42’S 22°36’E, 10 January
1959 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 5518 (BR); Kasai-Occidental: route Bena Kabangala-Lubi. 6°49’S 22°54’E, 7 February
1957 (st), Liben 2426 (BM,BR); Maniema: bloc Sanga-Elundu (Kibombo). 3°12’S 25°51’E, 9 April 1959 (fr),
Gaillez 219 ȋȌǢ ͶͶǤ Ͳιͳͺǯ ʹͷιʹͺǯǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐȌǡ Ndjele 269 (BR); route Lubutu
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͶͶǤ Ͳιͳͺǯ ʹͷιʹͺǯǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐȌǡ Ndjele 305 (BR); Ǧ: Irango (Madiwe). 0°30’N 29°17’E,
October 1938 (fr), Gille 38 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͳιʹǯ ʹͺιͲͶǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͷͺ ȋϐȌǡ Léonard, A. 1666 (BR);
ǡǤͲιʹͷǯʹͻιͶǯǡͳͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡOsmaston 2630 (BR); Nyaferenge;
Walikale. 1°25’S 28°03’E. Alt: 790m, 19 June 1959 (fr), Léonard, A. 4673 (WAG); Orientale: Lenda. 1°19’N
28°38’E. Alt: 750m, 16 November 1997 (fr), Amsini 47 (BR); Ituri Forest, Nduye. 1°50’N 28°59’E, 31 October
1989 (fr), Ichikawa, M. 89 (BR); Bambesa, Uélé. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 24 June 1942 (fr), Dubois, H. 248 (BM,BR);
Ǥ ͳιʹͶǯ ʹͺι͵ͶǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ʹ ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Mokbondo 382 (K,MO,WAG); Bambesa. 3°28’N
25°43’E, 23 October 1952 (st), Gérard, P. 448 (BR,K); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 15 June 1953 (fr), Maudoux
606 (BR); environ de Bambesa, Uele. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 1936 (fr), Pittery, R. 624 (BR); environ de Bambesa, Uele.
3°28’N 25°43’E, 1936 (fr), Pittery 628 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, March 1944 (fr), Dubois, H. 749 (BR);
ÁǤͲι͵ͶǯʹͷιͲͶǯǤǣͶʹͲǡͳͶ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡMandango 772 (BR); Yalibutu. 1°04’N
24°40’E, 4 October 1961 (fr), Bolema 793 (BR); Parc National de Maïko, au Nord du village Ubukala., 0°54’S
27°03’E, 7 January 1977 (fr), Lejoly 853ȋȌǢ Ǥͳιʹͷǯʹͺι͵ͷǯǤǣͷͲǡʹͺ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡHart,
T.B. 1072 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 9 September 1958 (fr), Léonard, A. 1171 (BR,K); Kalagwa (Panga).
ͳιͷͳǯʹιʹͷǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐǡȌǡBequaert 1602 (BR); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km au Nord de
ǡ±±ǡÃǡϐǤͲιʹͲǯʹιͶͲǯǡʹ ͳͻ
(st), Lejoly 1721 (BR); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km au Nord de Lubutu, Péné Aluta, rive droite de la Maïko,
ϐ Ǥ ͲιʹͲǯ ʹιͶͲǯǡ ʹ ͳͻ ȋȌǡ Lejoly 1808 (BR); Banalia, Rivière
Aruwimi, entre Yambuya et Mongandjo. 1°19’N 24°25’E, 21 January 1957 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 2148 (K,WAG);
Yangambi, route Bengamisa Km 20. 0°46’N 24°27’E, March 1936 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 2184 (BR); Yangambi,
±ǯ ǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡͳʹ ͳͻ͵ȋȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 2240 (BR); Yangambi,
Km 8,4 de la route de Ngazi. 0°53’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 25 August 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 2506 (BR); Yangambi,
Km 8 au nord-ouest. 0°52’N 24°24’E. Alt: 470m, 8 November 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 2814 (BR); Angodia. 3°32’N
ʹͷιͶǯǡͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡLebrun 2989 (BR,P); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 5 October 1951 (st), Donis
3120 (BR,K); Km 52, route de Kisangani vers Bafwasende (route de l’Ituri), réserve forestière. 0°29’N 25°39’E,
ʹͶ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Lejoly 3778 (BR); Rubi (Buta). 2°43’N 25°16’E, 26 June 1958 (fr), Gérard, P. 3924 (BR);
Yangambi, à 6 Km au nord-ouest du poste, plateau de la Mbutu. 0°51’N 24°20’E. Alt: 470m, 30 May 1937 (st),
Louis, J.L.P. 4001 (BR); Yangambi à 6 km au N.W. du poste plateau de la Mbutu. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 30 May 1937
(fr), Louis, J.L.P. 4005 (C,K); Yangambi, village Yayoli. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 4 March 1960 (fr), Devred 4199 (BR);
Á ϐ ϐÃǤͲι͵ͶǯʹͷιͲͷǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLejoly 4417
(BR); Km 30, route de Kisangani à Wanie-Rukula, 5km à l’Est de la route (exploitation forestière). 0°25’N
ʹͷιʹǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLejoly 5223 (BR); Digba-Ango. Akare entre rivière Bili et Asa. 4°23’N 25°48’E, 7
December 1963 (st), Gérard, P. 5647 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 5907 (BR,K,P); à
l’Ouest de la Lindi, au N de Yakusu, à 7km de la road pour Yangambi. 0°35’N 25°01’E, 17 November 1982 (fr),
Pauwels 6580 (BR); peu en aval de Yakusu. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 21 March 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 8526 (B,FHO);
Yangambi, tête de source de Isolowe. 0°46’N 24°30’E, 18 May 1938 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 9421 (BR,K); Yangole, à 20
ǡǯǤͲιͷͲǯʹͶιͳǯǤǣͶͲǡʹ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 12103 (BR); Yangambi,
vallée de la Bonyi. 0°46’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 10 November 1938 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 12519 (BR); Yaluwe sur le
Lomami. 0°07’S 24°12’E, 18 January 1939 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 13349 (C); Yatolema-Bambole. 0°09’N 24°20’E. Alt:
470m, February 1939 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 14092 (BR).
, Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ Ǥ͵ι͵ͲǯͺιͶʹǯǡͳͺͷͻȋϐȌǡMann, G. 77 (K,P);
Malabo-Cupapa, km 22-23, camino de la fuente de agua mineral, 32NMK9005, 200 m. 3°40’N 8°55’E, 31
ͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 3464 (K,MA); Cerca de Cupapa, camino de la fuente de aguas sulfurosas,
͵ʹͻͲͲͷǡ ʹͲͲ ǡ Ǥ ͵ιͶͲǯ ͺιͷͷǯǡ ͻ ͳͻͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ Fernández Casas 11399
(K,MA); Rio Muni: 27 May 1999 (st), Eneme Efua 197 (BATA,BRLU,WAG); 28 July 1999 (st), Eneme Efua
469 (BATA,BRLU,WAG); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 12 March 1997 (fr), Ngomo 56
(BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 28 May 1997 (fr), Ngomo 178 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte
Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon. 1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 185m, 10
February 2001 (st), Senterre 179 (BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 25 June 1998 (fr), Ngomo 376 (BRLU);
Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 31 October 1998 (fr), Ngomo 533 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen,
sur le transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon. 1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 200m, 3 March
2001 (st), Senterre 584 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio
Ǥͳι͵ǤͶͻǯͳͲιͲͶǤͷ͵ǯǡͳͳ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡSenterre 1787 (BRLU); S. du parc
National de Monte Alen, près de la Cabana ECOFAC de Esamalana. 1°31.29’N 10°12.20’E. Alt: 540m, 3 January
ʹͲͲʹȋϐǡȌǡSenterre 2120 (BRLU); N. du parc National de Monte Alen, à proximité du transect ECOFAC de
3
ǤͳͲ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͲͶ
Monte Chocolate, à 160 m de l’origine. 1°46.12’N 10°16.80’E. Alt: 500m, 14 November 2002 (st), Senterre
3417ȋȌǢǤ ±ǡ ÓǤͳι͵ͶǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡͷ ͳͻͻͻȋȌǡ
Velayos 9518 (MA); Parc National de Monte Alen. 1°39’N 10°18’E, 4 October 94 (fr), Lejoly 94/ 131 (BRLU);
Rio Muni, Litoral: Apiladero de Jandje (4 km à l’’Est du village), réserve de Ndote. 1°29’N 9°34’E, 20 August
1997 (fr), Eneme Efua 115 (BRLU); Ayamiken, reserve de Rio Campo. 2°07’N 10°01’E, 1 February 1997 (fr),
Obama 143 (BRLU); région continentale, Sud ouest de Ayamiken. 2°06’N 10°01’E, 30 April 1997 (fr), Obama
199ȋȌǢǣͳǡͶ Ǥͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡͳ ʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡPérez Viso
2914 (MA); Litoral: Mokomo, Km 19 de la carretera de Kogo. 1°09’N 9°49’E, 4 September 2000 (fr), Pérez
Viso 3898 (MA); Bata-Río Campo. Estrada km 48-49. 2°06’N 9°53’E, 16 May 1991 (fr), Carvalho, M.F. de 4676
ȋǡ ȌǢǦǣ͵ͷǤ ×ǤǤ
ͳιͷͳǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 5777 (BRLU,MA); Ndote Nord, près du village Jandye.
1°27’N 9°32’E, 28 August 1997 (fr), Lisowski 149 (BRLU); ǡ: inselberg de Akoak Ebanga,
à 1h de marche du village de Ngong Mocomo, à 10 km de Nsork. 1°04’N 11°12’E. Alt: 580m, 31 May 2002 (st),
Parmentier 3558 (BRLU).
, Estuaire: environ de Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, May 1917 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. s.n. (P); La Nkoulounga.
0°36’N 9°46’E, 19 June 1958 (st), Touzet 23 (P); Libreville. Parcelle 1: Arboretum de Sibang. 0°25’N 9°29’E.
ǣͷͲǡͳͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 56 (LBV,WAG); Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, 1891 (fr), Jolly 62
(P); Parc National de la Pongara. Sur la route entre la pointe Ouingombé et le camp de Kenguéré de Gabon
Environnement. Dans l’ancienne plantation de manguier et des bambous de Chine. 0°18.5’N 9°19.8’E. Alt:
ʹͲǡͳͷ ʹͲͲȋϐǡȌǡDauby 63 (BRLU,LBV); La Nkoulounga. 0°36’N 9°46’E, 26 January 1959 (st),
Touzet 124 (P); in ditione Munda. 0°25’N 9°29’E, 16 January 1881 (fr), Soyaux 179 (K,P,Z); Libreville,
arboretum de Sibang. 0°25’N 9°29’E. 7 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 268 (LBV,WAG); Libreville. Parcelle 1:
Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͻιʹͻǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ͷ ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Simons, E.L.A.N. 283 (LBV,WAG);
surroundings of Libreville. 0°24’N 9°28’E, 15 September 1899 (fr), Klaine 398 (FHO,K,P); Libreville. Arboretum
de Sibang, Parcelle I. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 50m, 11 January 2000 (st), Simons, E.L.A.N. 619 (LBV,WAG);
Département de Noya, Parc Naional d’Akanda, Path from débarcader to NO Ayong. 0°54.69’N 9°40.32’E. Alt:
44m, 13 September 2012 (st), Quiroz-Villarreal 1642 (WAG); Nyonyie survey, Plaine des Images, c.3250 m on
transect N. 0°00.2’S 9°23.0’E, 10 July 1990 (fr), Wilks 2148 (MO,WAG); au débarcadère Remboué I. 0°12’S
ͳͲιͲͳǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͻͲȋϐǡȌǡLouis, A.M. 3258 (LBV,WAG); environs de Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, 26 April 1917
(st), Chevalier, A.J.B. 33662 (P); Ǧ±: 20 km E de Lelama. 1°00’S 13°43’E. Alt: 441m, 17 November
2009 (fr), Bissiengou 897 (LBV,WAG); nouvelle exploitation CEB, vers Okondja. 0°45.4’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 457m,
ͳͺʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 924 (LBV,WAG); 4 km road Okondja to Akiéni. 0°39.8’S 13°42.6’E. Alt:
ͶͺͲǡ͵ͳ ʹͲͲͺȋϐǡȌǡWieringa, J.J. 6292 (LBV,MO,WAG); 40 km on road Okondja to Akiéni, then 2 km
on a new CEB forestry road heading East. 0°53.8’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 420m, 6 February 2008 (fr), Wieringa, J.J.
6502 (LBV,MO,WAG); Ǧ±ǣ±ǤͲιͳͳǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳͺͻȋϐȌǡThollon 65 (P); N’Djolé,
région de l’Ogooué. 0°11’S 10°45’E, 22 July 1896 (fr), Klaine 66 (P); 20 km S of Ezanga Lake near Lambaréné.
1°05’S 10°16’E, 30 January 1991 (st), Nek 586 (WAG); 30 km ENE of Lambaréné, 10 km ENE of Bellevue.
Ͳι͵ͶǤͻǯͳͲιʹͺǤͶǯǤǣ͵ͲǡͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2660 (WAG); 31 km ENE of Lambaréné, 11 km
E of Bellevue. 0°36’S 10°29’E. Alt: 40m, 7 April 1994 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 2675 (LBV,MO,WAG); forest near
Ǥ ǤͲι͵ͶǯͳͲιʹͺǯǤǣͷͲǡͻ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 6676
(LBV,MO,WAG); environs du village N’Gomo sur l’Ogooué. 0°50’S 9°59’E, 4 September 1912 (fr), Chevalier,
A.J.B. 26442 (P); ±: Waka forest exploitation road. 1°18’S 10°57’E. Alt: 370m, 19 November 1984 (fr),
Arends 316 (WAG); après le pont du village Doudou, piste tout au long de la rivière Doudo (route MouilaFougamou). 1°46’S 10°55’E. Alt: 89m, 27 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 595 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road
of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné
road. 1°11.1’S 10°28.2’E. Alt: 179m, 29 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 642 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road of
chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné road.
1°09.7’S 10°25.6’E. Alt: 204m, 29 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 646 (LBV,WAG); Massif du Chaillu, near
Guévedé village, ± 40 km N. of Lébamba. 1°55’S 11°25’E. Alt: 500m, 30 November 1983 (st), Louis, A.M. 1057
(LBV,WAG); concession CBG, ± 20 km à l’ouest de Mandji. 1°44.0’S 10°12.5’E. Alt: 67m, 30 July 2008 (fr),
Dauby 1089ȋǡǡȌǢ±ǡʹ ϐ±ǦǤͳιͳǯͳͲιͷͻǯǡʹͶ
ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Wilks 1187 (BRLU,C,E,G,K,LBV,MA,MO,P,WAG); Sindara, après village Matadi 7 route
exploitation forestière EGG (ancien IFL). 1°02.26’S 10°42.47’E. Alt: 49m, 22 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1437
(LBV,WAG); Sindara, après village Matadi 7 route Nimbié-Ikobé. 0°58.98’S 10°41.64’E. Alt: 114m, 22 June
2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1441 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée
3.7 Materials and Methods
école. 1°03.06’S 10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1450 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou.
1°33.80’S 10°42.33’E. Alt: 83m, 25 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1465 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°33.07’S
ͳͲιͶͶǤ͵͵ǯǤ ǣ ͳͳͷǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 1475 (LBV,WAG); forestry road km 10 leading in N
Ǧ ǤͲιͷͺǤ͵ͺǯͳͳιͲͺǤͺǯǤǣ͵ͻͲǡʹ͵ ʹͲͲȋϐǡȌǡSosef 2523
ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡ ǦǤ ͳιͷͻǯ ͳͳιͳͻǯǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Louis, A.M. 2711
(BR,MO,WAG); upper Waka area, 13 km on IFL forestry road B2. 1°20.7’S 10°52.1’E. Alt: 200m, 28 March 2004
(fr), Wieringa, J.J. 5114 (LBV,MO,WAG); Mouila. 1°50’S 11°00’E, January 1925 (st), Le Testu 5194 (BM,P); 50 km
±±ǤͳιͲͶǯͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡ͵ͲͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 5754 (WAG); 0°48.98’S 10°30.40’E. Alt:
49m, 18 October 2012 (fr), Sonké 6090 (MO); 22 km along a track in a northern direction from Doussala.
2°12’S 10°36’E. Alt: 100m, 4 December 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9153 (WAG); 15 km N. of Doussala. 2°11’S
10°39’E. Alt: 160m, 19 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9460 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 18 km on forest exploitation
ǡǤͳιͷͷǯͳͳιʹͲǯǤǣͳͷͲǡͳͲ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡWilde,
J.J.F.E. de 10480 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Dikaki Chantier. Bindolo R. basin, NW of Fougamou. 1°15’S 10°29’E. Alt:
300m, 20 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14003 (LBV,WAG); between Yombi and Fougamou, E slope of
Koumounabouali ridge. 1°20’S 10°40’E, 22 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14064 (LBV,WAG); : route
Tchibanga-Mayumba. 3°05.7’S 10°48.9’E, 19 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 325 (LBV,WAG); route TchibangaMayumba. 3°05.7’S 10°48.9’E, 19 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 329 (LBV,WAG); route Tchibanga-Ndende.
2°58.3’S 11°06.4’E. Alt: 252m, 25 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 514 (LBV,WAG); route Tchibanga-Ndende.
2°58.3’S 11°06.4’E. Alt: 252m, 25 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 517 (LBV,WAG); route Tchibanga-Ndende.
2°58.3’S 11°06.4’E. Alt: 252m, 25 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 518 (LBV,WAG); 14 km de Ndendé (route
Ndende-Mouila). 2°16.0’S 11°16.1’E. Alt: 116m, 27 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 582 (LBV,WAG); Monts
ǡ Ǥ ʹι͵Ͷǯ ͳͲιͶͶǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ͳͻ ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Sosef 840
ȋȌǢ ǤʹιͷͲǯͳͳιͲͲǯǡͶͳͻͲȋϐȌǡLe Testu 1080 (BM); Inventory; chantier CEB, ca 50 km
SW of Doussala; 2°36’S 10°35’E. Alt: 480m, 21 August 1985 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 1344 (WAG); Pélé Mountains 27
km on the road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza (counted from the bifurcation with road to Mayumba), village
Birougou, and then 12 km on a track in SW direction to village Bikamba, from there following track in direction
of the hills. 3°16’S 11°17’E. Alt: 350m, 5 April 2009 (fr), Sosef 2628 (LBV,WAG); Doudou Mountains, Chantier
SNF-Bakker. 2°42.7’S 10°25.3’E. Alt: 130m, 29 November 2003 (fr), Jongkind 5831 (LBV,WAG); ±Ǧ
Ivindo: Lopé Reserve rue de la cascade near broken bridge. 0°11’S 11°34’E, 13 February 1998 (fr), Leal, M.E.
41ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢǯ± ±ǡ±ǤͲιͳͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǯǡʹͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡ
McDonald, K.E. 43 (E); Bélinga, mines de fer. 1°06’N 13°12’E. Alt: 900m, 13 August 1966 (st), Hallé & Le
Thomas 456 (P); à l’ouest du Chantier Mitendi. 0°36’S 11°42’E. Alt: 350m, 21 October 1999 (fr), Sosef 586
(LBV,WAG); Lopé-Okanda Game Reserve, between Achouka and Kongo-Boumba, ± 1 km S. of camp. 0°06’S
11°30’E. Alt: 200m, 10 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 597 (WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers
±ȋͲȌǤͲιʹǯͳͳιͷʹǯǤǣʹͺͲǡͷ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1031 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du
parc de la Lopé, 42 km sur la route Lopé-Kassamabika. 0°08.28’S 11°42.87’E. Alt: 250m, 5 March 2010 (fr),
Bissiengou 1037ȋǡ ȌǢǦ ±ǡ ±°±ǤͲιͲǤͷǯ
11°46.63’E. Alt: 211m, 6 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1044 (LBV,WAG); Parc d’Ipassa makokou, après château
d’eau. 0°31’N 12°48’E. Alt: 350m, 10 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1092 (LBV,WAG); Lope, Point de Vue. 0°10.0’S
11°34.7’E. Alt: 600m, 19 August 2012 (fr), Towns 1127 (LBV,WAG); Lope. 0°11.50’S 11°36.30’E. Alt: 302m, 6
ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡTowns 1136 (LBV,WAG); route Makokou-Mekambo. 0°45’N 13°14’E. Alt: 619m, 13 March
2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1179 (LBV,WAG); Masaha, NE de Makokou. 0°44’N 13°11’E, 25 February 1961 (st), Hallé,
N. 1309 ȋȌǢ ǡ ±±Ǥ Ͳιͳͷǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǡ ͺ ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Moungazi 1532
ȋǡ ȌǢͳͺǤͲιͲͶǯͳͳιͶͺǯǡʹͲͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡWilks 1626 (MO,WAG); La
Nké, piste du chantier. 0°05’N 11°51’E, 9 October 1983 (fr), Floret 1778 (LBV,P); Bélinga. 1°05’N 13°08’E, 12
November 1964 (st), Hallé, N. 3157 (P); Ivindo National Park. Langoué Bai. At north end of bai near NGS
platform. 0°11.16’S 12°33.42’E, 27 November 2002 (fr), Stone, J.R. 3504 (LBV,MO,WAG); road Mékambo to
Makokou, 4 km W of Mbela-Baya. 0°58.5’N 13°52.7’E. Alt: 500m, 31 December 2000 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 3751
(WAG); Bengoué Mountain, just N of Ikei-Bokaboka. 0°55.2’N 13°41.8’E. Alt: 600m, 7 January 2001 (fr),
Wieringa, J.J. 4007 (WAG); About 20-40 km NNE of Koumémayoung. 0°15’N 11°55’E, 12 April 1988 (fr),
Breteler 8617 (LBV,WAG); Lopé Reserve. 29 km in Southern direction from Old Ayem Station. 0°17.1’S
ͳͳιʹǤͳǯǤǣͳͲǡʹͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11791 (WAG); Eastern border of Lopé-Okanda
Reserve, along roads S of SEG lumber camp, W of Offoué River. 0°27’S 11°45’E. Alt: 200m, 15 May 1992 (fr),
McPherson, G.D. 15763 (LBV,MO); eastern border of Lopé-Okanda Reserve, along roads S of SEG lumber camp,
± Ǥ Ͳιʹǯ ͳͳιͶͷǯǤ ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ McPherson, G.D. 15764 (LBV,MO,WAG);
3
ǤͳͲͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͲ
±Ǧ: Bambidi, axe Lastoursville-Ndangui. 0°45.71’S 12°58.99’E, 21 May 2003 (fr), Nziengui 523
(LBV,WAG); concession de CEB, Nord de la zone de Milolé, Sud du Parc National de l’Ivindo. 0°14.7’S 12°44.6’E.
Alt: 433m, 14 February 2010 (fr), Dauby 2394 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Montagne Iboundji, piste vers chûte
Moughoungoulou à ± 2km. 1°10’S 11°49’E, 16 February 1988 (fr), Louis, A.M. 2778 (LBV,MO,WAG); 10.5 km
from Lastoursville Railway Bridge, E-W road, Chantier SBL. 0°47’S 12°45’E. Alt: 300m, 18 November 1988
(fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5616ȋǡ ȌǢʹͳǡʹͲ Ǥ
0°58’S 13°00’E. Alt: 450m, 26 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5862 (LBV,WAG); 4 km Catholic
Mission Lastoursville to Koulamoutou. 0°51’S 12°39’E, 28 September 1970 (fr), Breteler 6678 (WAG); 40-50
Ǥ Ͳιͷ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳͺǯǡ Ͷ ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Breteler 11286 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Makande
surroundings 65 km SSW of Booué. 0°41’S 11°55’E, 1 February 1999 (st), Breteler 14881 (LBV,WAG); ±Ǧ
Maritime: 25 km E Gamba, à 100m de la parcelle N°2, Gamba, Monts Doudou-Projet Smithsonian. 2°39’S
ͳͲιͳͶǯǤ ǣ ͵Ͳǡ ʹ ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Niangadouma 223 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Monts Doudou, campagne.
2°31.3’S 10°33.5’E. Alt: 240m, 18 September 2000 (fr), Bourobou 311 (LBV,WAG); Monts Doudou, à ± 15 km à
O-SO de Doussala, autour du campement 5. 2°22.50’S 10°29.80’E. Alt: 225m, 1 June 2000 (fr), Azizet Issembé
404 (LBV,WAG); Doudou Mountains National Parc 40 km S of Mandji. 2°00.6’S 10°24.0’E. Alt: 200m, 16
November 2005 (fr), Sosef 2323 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ʹιͶǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler
5601 (WAG); région Omboué-Sette Cama, Koumouloundou. 2°00’S 9°35’E, 6 June 1970 (st), Farron 7374 (P);
Ǧ: Inselberg Milobo. 0°55’N 10°31’E. Alt: 500m, 7 July 2001 (fr), Ngok Banak 15 (BRLU,LBV);
Inselberg Milobo. 0°56.3’N 10°30.9’E. Alt: 750m, 8 July 2001 (fr), Ngok Banak 44 (BRLU,LBV,WAG); Inselberg
Milobo. 0°56.9’N 10°30.1’E. Alt: 630m, 16 August 2001 (fr), Ngok Banak 131 (BRLU,LBV,WAG); Bordamur
concession area some 40 km from WWF-station and 1.5 km from logging road. 1°14’N 11°53’E. Alt: 570m, 19
October 2002 (fr), Strijk 237 (WAG); 10 km Lalara-Makokou, than exploitation road along Okano River,
upstream for 42 km. 0°33’N 11°42’E. Alt: 380m, 6 September 1978 (fr), Breteler; Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 464 (WAG);
Minkébé district, Nsye valley. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 19 February 1990 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 587 (BR,C,LBV,MO,WAG);
ͳ͵ ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͳǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤǣͶͻͲǡ
7 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 729ȋǡ ȌǢͳͶ ǡ
ǤͲιͶͳǤͻǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͷǯǤǣͶͺͳǡʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 741 (LBV,WAG); 40 km
NE of Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur forest exploitation. 1°03.4’N 11°47.4’E. Alt: 550m, 8 November 2009
(st), Bissiengou 791ȋȌǢ Ǧ ±ǡǤͲιͷʹǯͳͳιͳͲǯǡͳͻͺͷȋϐǡȌǡReitsma, J.M.
876 (WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, à 10 m du camping l’Esplanade en direction de la rivière. 0°36.82’N
10°24.03’E. Alt: 460m, 13 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 972 (LBV,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 70
km NE of Mitzic, slopes of Mount Minko. 1°19’N 11°54’E. Alt: 600 - 800m, 8 February 2003 (fr), Sosef 1930
(LBV,WAG); Rocher Mbou, Est de Médouneu. 1°00’N 10°45’E, 7 February 1968 (st), Hallé, N. 5023 (P); Minkébé
area, 2190 m on transect B. 1°30’N 12°49’E, 4 May 1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 204 (WAG).
, Cross River State: Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 1911 (fr), Talbot, P.A. 423 (K,WAG,Z); Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E,
ͳͻͳͳȋϐȌǡTalbot, P.A. 424ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǡͳͻͳͳȋϐȌǡTalbot, P.A. 425 (BM); Oban district. 5°17’N
ͺι͵͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡTalbot, P.A. 1371ȋȌǢͳͷ ǤͷιͷʹǯͺιͶǯǡͳͺͳͻͳȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1680
ȋ ȌǢ ʹǤ ιͳǯ ͺιͷͷǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Jones, A.P.D. FHI 18603
(FHO,K); Okarara. 5°22’N 8°42’E, 14 May 1952 (fr), Ujor FHI 30838 (K); Ikom. 5°58’N 8°42’E, 18 July 1952 (fr),
Latilo FHI 31862ȋȌǢ ǡ ǤǤͷιͳǯιͷǯǡͳͻͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡOnochie FHI 33207 (K); Buden
Dunlop Estate. 5°16’N 8°13’E, 24 July 1959 (fr), Binuyo FHI 41404 (FHO,K); Calabar (Ikpai). Between miles 69
ƬͲǦǤͷι͵ʹǯͺιͶǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡLatilo FHI 53990 (K,WAG); Cross North
ǡ ǤǦǡ ǤͷιͷͺǯͺιͶʹǯǡͺ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡEmwiogbon FHI 65832
(K,WAG); Cross North Forest Reserve, Ikom. South-East State. 5°58’N 8°42’E, 8 June 1972 (fr), Emwiogbon FHI
65837 (WAG); Edo StateǣǡǤιʹͲǯͷιͳͷǯǡͺ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡ
Brenan 8425 (FHO,K); Okomu Forest Reserve, compartment 58. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 27 February 1948 (fr), Onochie
FHI 9177 (K); Ondo State: Akure F.R. (Owenna district). 7°15’N 5°12’E, 25 October 1948 (fr), Adekunle FHI
24225 (K); Osun State: Banks of the Oni river, 9 miles south west of Okeigbo and several miles north of the
Shasha reserve boundary. 7°00’N 4°22’E, 10 February 1946 (st), Jones, A.P.D. FHI 14735 (FHO,K); Oyo State:
ϐ ʹ ǯǦǤǤǤǤǤιͲͻǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͶ
ȋϐǡȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 17556 (FHO).
Key literatureǣƬ ȋͳͻȌǡǤȋʹͲͲͶȌǡƬȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ
Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954).
3.7 Materials and Methods
Campylospermum engama (De Wild.) Farron
Fig. ͳͲ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 396 (1965). – Ouratea engama De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr.,
Bot. 7: B48 (1920). – Lectotype (designated here): Lemaire 337 (holotype: BR!; isotype:
BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mobwasa, June 1913.
Tree up to 11 m tall, with branched stem; twigs greenish. Stipules caducous, triangular,
c. 2 mm long. Leaf: petiole ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂͳͺȋȂʹͷȌ; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to
narrowly ellitptic-oblong or ovate to obovate, (9–)16–25(–39) x (2.5–)4–7(–9) cm, ratio
͵ȂͶȋȂͷǤͷȌ, base typically attenuate, deccurent onto the petiole, apex acute to obtuse,
sometimes mucronate, papyraceous, not bullate, upper side glossy, dark green, lower
side dull, paler green, margin serrate all along, the teeth with a black tip; venation: midrib
ϐǡǡͳʹȂͳͻ,
ͳͲȂʹͷȋȂ͵ͷȌ, prominent on both sides, at a right angle with the midrib but
curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–5 in between
each pair of main laterals, distinct on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, more
or less perpendicular to the midrib, joined by cross veinlet, distinct on both sides.
ϔ terminal or sometimes axillary, branched, lax, its main axis (20–)25–
33(–35) cm longǡ ϐ; pairwise scales absent; bracts
caducous; ȋ͵ȂȌͶȂͺ, ȋ͵ȂȌͺȂʹ͵ȋȂͶͲȌ , perpendicular to the main axis,
occasionally with secondary racemesǢ ͳȂʹȋȂ͵Ȍ ǡͳȂͺȋȂͳͳȌǦϐǤ
Flower: pedicel 5–10(–15) mm long, articulated at 1–5(–8) mm from the base; sepals
ǡͷȂʹȂ͵ϐǡͺȂͳͲ͵ȂͷǢǡȂͳͲ͵Ȃǡ
base clawed, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 4–7 mm long; ovary 1 mm high; style
5–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged up to 6 x 5 mm; drupelets 3 to 4 well developed
per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid to globose, 6–9 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent,
dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: A lectotype has been designated from amongst the two syntypes available:
Lemaire 337 and De Giorgi 737. Because the latter material could not be traced, we have
chosen for Lemaire 337.
C. engama is sometimes closely resembling C. laeve, especially when the latter have
ϐ ǡ Ǥ ǡ
C. laeve can generally easily be distinguished by its thickened and often revolute leaf
margin and markedly longer sepals (see also the note under C. laeve).
Distribution: Cameroon, southern Central African Republic (Sangha-Mbaéré province),
Gabon, Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ͳͳ).
Ecology: in primary, secondary and understory forest, in dry and gallery forest; on
sandy soil; at 100–620 m altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ ǡ Ǣ
February, May, June, August and December.
Uses: The wood is used as timber (Farron 1967).
3
ǤͳͲ
3
ǤͳͲͺ
3.7 Materials and Methods
C
B
A
ͳͲǤ Campylospermum engama. A. Sterile branch. B. Fruiting branch. C. Leaf margin. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ͳͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum engama
3.7 Materials and Methods
Vernacular names: Republic of Congo: Engama, Lengama (Mobwasa).
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳǡͲͷǡͷͲͳ2ǡαʹǡͳͳͲ2ǡ αʹ
ȋ αͳͺʹȌǤ
appears to be fairly rare and to have a scattered occurrence, its area of occupancy is
very large. Moreover, it is found inside National Parks such as the Lopé Reserve and
Loango NP, both in Gabon, and the Dzanga-Sangha NP in the Central African Republic.
Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, Ǧ±±: Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga., 2°55’N
ͳιͳǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡHarris, D.J. 5037 (E,WAG); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N
ͳιʹͷǯǡ ͻ ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Harris, D.J. 5117 (E,WAG); Madibwé, close to St. Francois road 12 km NE of
ǤǡʹιͷͺǯͳιͳͺǯǡʹͺʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡHarris, D.J. 7878 (E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, : route Malinga-Divénié, 4 km du village Mollo. 2°31.21’S 12°09.44’E. Alt:
492m, 13 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1320 (LBV,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, BandunduǣǤʹιͳͷǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡTailfer 108 (BR); Lukenie.
ʹιͶͶǯͳͺιͲͺǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡJans, E. 811ȋȌǢǤʹιͶ͵ǯͳιͶͲǯǡͳͻͶͲȋϐȌǡFlamigni 6034 (BR);
Ǥ ͵ιͳͶǯ ͳͺιͷͻǯǡ ͳͻͶʹ ȋϐȌǡ Flamigni 6265 (BR); Bas-Congo: Banza. 5°51’S 14°20’E, 18
ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡCompère 1086ȋǡȌǢǤͷιͲʹǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡCallens 1954 (BR);
Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡDonis 2136 (BR,K); EquateurǣȋȌǤͲιͲͶǯ
ͳͺιͳͲǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐǡȌǡLebrun 365 (K,WAG); Wendji. 0°04’S 18°10’E, August 1930 (fr), Lebrun 1153 (BR,K);
Djoa. 0°08’N 19°16’E, 28 February 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3576 (BR,K); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°16’E, 17 December
1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 5299ȋȌǢǡȋ ȌǤͲιͶǯʹʹιͶͲǯǡͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡEvrard, C.M. 6278 (WAG);
Kinshasaǣ ǡǤǤͶιͲ͵ǯͳͷι͵͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBreyne, H. 802 (BR); Orientale: Mobwasa.
ʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡLemaire, H. 337ȋȌǢǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡGiorgi 737
ȋȌǢ ǡͶͷǤǡǡǡϐ
Ukungu et Utambe. 0°20’S 26°40’E, 1 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1607 (BR,BRLU); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km
ǡ±±ǡÃǡϐǤͲιʹͲǯʹιͶͲǯǡ
2 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1904 (BRLU).
, Ǧ±ǣ ° ° Ǥ ͲιͶ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͶͻǯǤ ǣ Ͷͷ͵ǡ ͳͺ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ
Bissiengou 912 (LBV,WAG); nouvelle exploitation CEB, vers Okondja. 0°45.4’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 457m, 18
ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 925 (LBV,WAG); ±: vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.85’S 11°55.70’E.
Alt: 356m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1390 (LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.98’S 11°55.58’E.
Alt: 404m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1392 (LBV,WAG); 22 km along a track in a northern direction from
ǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲι͵ǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͶ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 9154 (E,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±Ǧ
Ivindo: Ivindo National Park 3 km W of Langoué Bai at WCS camp. 0°10.92’S 12°32.70’E, 26 November 2002
ȋϐȌǡStone, J.R. 3491 (LBV,MO,WAG); ±Ǧ: Doudou Mountains National Parc 50 km S of Mandji.
ʹιͲǤͺǯ ͳͲιʹǤͶǯǤ ǣ ʹ͵Ͳǡ ͳͷ ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐȌǡ Sosef 2316 (LBV,WAG); Ǧ: 8 km SSW of
ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͻǯͳͳι͵ʹǤͲǯǤǣͷͶǡʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 676
ȋǡ ȌǢͺΦ ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͷǯͳͳι͵ͳǤͻǯǤǣͷͲͳǡ
ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 706 (LBV,WAG).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
Campylospermum excavatum (Tiegh.) Farron
Ǥͳͳ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 396 (1965). – Exomicrum excavatum Tiegh., Ann. Sci.
Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Zenker 1077a (holotype: P!; isotype: E(2x)!,
G(2x)!, K!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1896.
Ouratea ϔ Gilg., nom. nud.
Shrub or treelet up to 6 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with a whitish green coloured
bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, ʹȂȋȂͳͲȌ mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–5(–7) mm long;
3
ǤͳͲͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͳͲ
leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, 9–17(–19) x 2–4(–5) cm, ratio
͵ȂͶȋȂȌ, base cuneate to narrowly cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, parchmentaceous,
distinctly bullate between the lateral veins, upper side green, glossy, lower side paler
green, margin serrulate, generally more distinctly so in the upper half, rarely almost
entire; venation: midrib prominent above and below, main lateral veins ͺȂͳͷȋȂͳͻȌ on
either side, Ȃͳͷ , prominent but sitting in a furrow above, prominent
beneath, making a slight angle with the midrib and curved upward to run parallel
to the margin, intermediate lateral veins ͳʹ in between each pair of main laterals,
prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib,
very distinct on both sides or sometimes slightly distinct below. ϔ
terminal, unbranched or sometimes branched, lax, its main axis (2–)4–10(–14) cm
ǡϐ Ǣpairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; bracts
caducous, triangular, 1–3 mm long; racemes ͲȂʹȋȂͶȌǡʹȂͶȋȂͺȌ ; cymules 0.5–
ͳǤͷ ǡͳȂͶȋȂȌǦϐǤFlower: pedicel ȋͶȂȌȂͳͲ, articulated at 1–3
ǢǡϐͷȂͳǤͷȂʹǡȂͺʹȂ͵
mm, base truncate, apex rounded; petals obovate, 6–7 x 3–4 mm, cuneate at base,
rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm high; style 4–5 mm
long, persistent in fruit. Fruitǣ Ǥͳ ϐǡͶȂ
5–6 mm in diameter; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid
to broadly reniform, 6-12 x 5–10 mm, immature ones reddish, mature ones black;
cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: C. excavatum resembles C. sulcatum and C. descoingsii. For the distinction with
ǡ Ǥ ϐ
ǡϐ ȋC.
vogelii).
Distributionǣǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ
and the Republic of the Congo (Map ͳʹ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, high forest on mountain slope; at 20–440 m
altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ ǡ ǡ
in September and November.
Uses: In case of chest problems, leaves are ground with seeds of Afromomum melegueta,
ϐ ȋʹͲͲͲȌǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ α͵ͺͻǡͳ͵ͻ 2ǡ αͳͲͳǡͲͷ 2ǡ α͵Ͷǡ
αͺ ȋ αʹͺ ȌǤ
locations. Its recent collection is from 2011 and it occurs in protected areas such as the
Dzanga-Sangha National Park (Central African Republic), the Monte Alen National Park
ȋ Ȍ±±ȋ ȌǤǡ
Least Concern seems most appropriate.
B
ͳͳǤ Campylospermum excavatum. A. Flowering branch. BǤ ϐǤC. Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ͳʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum excavatum
3.7 Materials and Methods
C
A
3
Ǥͳͳͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Specimens examined:
3
Ǥͳͳʹ
, Central Province: 60 km SW of Eséka, S. of Nyong R. 12 km W. of Songbong. 3°26’N 10°24’E.
Alt: 200m, 9 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5025 (P,WAG); 60 km SW of Eséka, S. of Nyong R. 12 km W. of
Songbong. 3°26’N 10°24’E. Alt: 200m, 11 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5102 (BAS,P,WAG,YA); Littoral: 8
km W. of Masok. 4°08’N 10°24’E. Alt: 400m, 27 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5215 (BAS,BR,K,LISC,MO,P,P
RE,WAG,YA); South ProvinceǣǡϐǤǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡZenker s.n. (G); réserve de la Faune de
Campo. 2°23’N 10°06’E, 28 March 1983 (fr), Nkongmeneck 487ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻȋϐȌǡ
Zenker 1077 (E,G); Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1896 (st), Zenker 1077 (BM,E); route Kribi-Londji, 30 km de Kribi,
après village pygmée. 3°05.48’N 9°59.26’E. Alt: 29m, 29 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1230 (LBV,WAG,YA);
route Kribi-Londji, 30 km de Kribi, après village pygmée. 3°35.3’N 9°59.3’E. Alt: 79m, 29 March 2010 (st),
Bissiengou 1232 (LBV,WAG,YA); Kribi, Mahale, Forest patch behind Hotel La Belle Holandaise. 2°59’N 9°56’E.
ǣͶͲǡͳͺ ʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3245 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1907
ȋϐȌǡZenker 3345 (BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,MA,S,US,W,Z); 7.5 km from Kribi, 2 km N of Ebolowa road. 2°54’N 9°57’E, 26
November 1968 (fr), Bos, J.J. 3388 (BR,C,E,K,LMA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); 18 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road. 3°00’N
10°02’E, 5 March 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 4071 (BAS,BR,K,LMA,M,MO,P,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E,
1911 (fr), Zenker 4268 (BM,E,G,K,LY,S,W); 28 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road., 3°02’N 10°07’E, 8 April 1969
(st), Bos, J.J. 4296ȋ ǡȌǢǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡZenker 4535 (E); Bipindi Urwaldgebiet.
͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡZenker 4555 (BM,BR,G,K,S); 60 km S. of Edéa, S. of Mboké, 11 km E. of km 58 of road
Edéa-Kribi. 3°21’N 10°10’E. Alt: 100m, 22 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5496 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); 15 km from
Kribi, 1 km S. of Ebolowa road. 2°51’N 10°01’E, 20 February 1970 (fr), Bos, J.J. 6386 (BAS,BR,MO,P,WAG,YA); 15
km SE. of Kribi, between airstrip and Mt. Elephant. 2°50’N 10°00’E, 26 March 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6642 (WAG);
Kribi, just E. of town, S. bank of Kienke river. 2°56’N 9°55’E, 16 April 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6818 (BAS,BR,P,WAG);
route d’Edea-Kribi, Km 70 à partir d’Edea. 3°20’N 10°05’E, 23 April 1970 (st), Farron 7093 (P); Kribi, km 5 sur
la route d’Ebolowa. 2°55’N 9°57’E, 25 April 1970 (st), Farron 7147 (P).
, Ǧ±±: Forêt de Ngotto, Bambioi. 3°54’N 16°59’E, 10 May 1999
(fr), Zawa 467ȋȌǢǡʹʹǤʹιͶǯͳιʹǯǡͳ͵ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡFangounda
526 (E,WAG); Bai Hoku Gorilla study area, 25 km E of Bayanga. 2°52’N 16°29’E. Alt: 435m, 22 February 1988
ȋϐȌǡ Carroll, R.W. 1032 (E,MO); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 28 January
ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Harris, D.J. 4317 (E,MO,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 4
ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 4462 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp., 2°47’N 16°25’E,
ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 4487 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E,
ͳͷ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 4627 (E); Kongana research camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°25’E,
31 May 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 5005 (E); around Kongana camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°26’E, 11
November 2000 (st), Harris, D.J. 7161 (E); Madibwé, close to St. Francois road 12 km NE of Bayanga. 2°58’N
16°18’E, 6 May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7575 (E,WAG); Kongana camp. 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°48’N 16°25’E, 23
May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7811 (E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, CuvetteǣǡǤͳιʹͲǯǡͳͷιʹͲǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLejoly
96/ 169 (BRLU); ±: Komono, Zanaga Project, just South of MPD Congo S.A. camp. Plot 8. 2°46.73’S
13°35.97’E. Alt: 638m, 31 March 2009 (fr), Cheek 14650 (IEC,K,MO,P,WAG); Sangha: Plot 15, 31 km E of Kabo.
ʹιͲͷǤͶͷǯͳιʹͳǤͻǯǡͳͻ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 8894 (E,IEC).
, Rio Muni, Centro Sur: SO du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC
de Mosumo à 500 m du début du layon. 1°35.89’N 10°02.21’E. Alt: 185m, 14 February 2001 (st), Senterre
341 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 200 m du transect ECOFAC de Mosumo à 1620 m du début
du layon. 1°35.62’N 10°03.30’E. Alt: 410m, 12 March 2001 (st), Senterre 853 (BRLU); SO du parc National de
Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée du rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.44’N 10°04.57’E. Alt:
250m, 20 January 2002 (st), Senterre 1999 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site
de traversée du rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.13’N 10°04.69’E. Alt: 440m, 13 February 2002 (st),
Senterre 2312 (BRLU).
, Ǧ±: 23 km route Moanda-Bakoumba. 1°40’S 13°06’E, 18 September 1970 (fr), Breteler
6516 (WAG); ±: just west of bridge crossing the Oumba River, in the northern part of Waka National
Park. 1°06.09’S 11°11.10’E. Alt: 400m, 18 March 2007 (fr), Sosef 2408 (LBV,WAG); ±Ǧ: 0°50’S
ͳͳιͷǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡDibata 1136 (MO,WAG); Ǧ: Minkébé area, base camp. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6
ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series W 94 (WAG).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1965, 1985).
3.7 Materials and Methods
Campylospermum ϐ (Schumach. & Thonn.) Farron
Ǥͳʹ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). – Gomphia ϔ Schumach. & Thonn.,
Beskr. Guin. pl.: 236 (1827). – Monelasmum ϔ (Schumach. & Thonn.) Tiegh., J. Bot.
(Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902). – Ouratea ϔ (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hutch. & Dalziel ex
Stapf, Bot. Mag.ͳ49: t. 9023 (1924). – Type: Thonning s.n. (holotype: C!; isotype: C!),
Guinea.
Monelasmum acutum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 331 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Pobéguin 36 (holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, Zegbé village, 1895.
Monelasmum bolamense Tiegh. Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Souza s.n. (holotype: COI!), Guinea-Bissau, Bolama, 1883.
Monelasmum chevalieri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Chevalier 471 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(7x)!), French Soudan, Diaragouéla, February
1899.
Monelasmum fuscum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 330 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Thollon 517 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(2x)!), Gabon, 1885.
Monelasmum pungens Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (1902). – Type: Le Testu
253 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(4x)!), Dahomey, Adja Ouéré, December 1901.
Monelasmum souzae Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Souza
s.n. (holotype: COI!, isotype: COI!), Guinea-Bissau, Bolama, 1883.
Monelasmum thoirei Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Thoiré
204 (holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, San-Pedro, March 1901.
Monelasmum viride Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Paroisse 79
(holotype: P!), French Guinea, Labaya Kouinsi-bêla, 1893.
Monelasmum schlechteri (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903).
Ouratea schlechteri Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 269 (1904). Ȃ Type: Schlechter 12719
(holotype: BR!; isotype: K!, LY(2x)!), Cameroon, Sanga, August 1899.
Monelasmum krebedjense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 171 (1907). – Type:
Chevalier 10667 (holotype: P!; isotype: P(2x)!, K!), territoire Chari, Krébedjé, Fort Sibut,
1903.
Monelasmum nanense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 5: 171 (1907). – Type: Chevalier
6261 (holotype: P!; isotype:K!, P(2x)!), territoire Chari, entre le poste de Nana et celui
des trois marigots, November 1902.
Ouratea monticola Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 272 (1904). – Campylospermum monticolum
ȋ Ȍ ǡ Ǥ ǣ Ǥ ǣ ͻʹ ȋͳͻͻͺȌ ȋ DzC. monticoladzȌǢ
Cheek, Pl. of Kupe, Mwanenguba and the Bakossi Mountains, Cameroon: Conserv.
Checklist: 353 (2004). – Lectotype (designated here): Deistel 283 (holotype: K!; isotype:
A!, BM!), Cameroon, Buea, 1904.
Ouratea spinuloso-serrata Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 265 (1904). – Lectotype (designated
here): Schlechter 13022 (holotype: G!; isotype: G!), Nigeria, Ibadan and Abeokuta.
Ouratea laurentii De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. 7, Suppl. Bot.: B57 (1920). – Lectotype
3
Ǥͳͳ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
(designated here): E. & M. Laurent s.n. (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Congo, Ukatoraka,
January, 5th 1904.
Ouratea pynaertii De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. 7, Suppl. Bot.: B62 (1920). – Type: Pynaert 184
(holotype: BR!; isotype: BR(2x)!, Z!), Congo, forêt de Lukolela, July 6th, 1906.
Ouratea ashantiensisǤǡǤǤͶǣͶͶͳȋͳͻʹͺȌǤȂǣKitson s.n. (holotype:
BR!; isotype: BM!), Gold Coast, Akumadai district, Ashanti, April 1916.
Ouratea newiensisǤǡǤǤͶǣͷͲͳȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂǣKitson s.n. (holotype:
BR!; isotype: BM!), South Nigeria, January 6th, 1909.
Ouratea talbotiiǤǡǤǤͶǣͷͳͶȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂǣTalbot s.n. (holotype: BR!;
isotype: BM!), southern Nigeria, Oban, 1911.
3
ǤͳͳͶ
Tree up to 15 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with brownish coloured bark. Stipules
caducous, triangular, 4–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–8 mm long; leaf blade elliptic to
narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic-obovate, ȋȂȌͳ͵ȂʹȋȂͶͷȌȋ͵ȂȌͷȂͺȋȂͻȌ
ratio ʹȂͶ, base cuneate, apex from slightly acuminate to blunt, coriaceous, not bullate,
upper side slightly glossy dark green, lower glossy medium green, margin closely to
distantly spinose-serrateǢ ǣ ϐ
side, prominent on the lower side, main lateral veins generally 11–25 on either side,
5–25 mm apart, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel
to the margin, prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 1–5 in between the
main ones, prominent, tertiary venation scalariform, sometimes joined by cross
veinlets, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on the upper side, very distinct
on the lower side. ϔ terminal, branched or occasionally unbranched,
fairly dense, its main axis (7–)10–20(–31) cm long; pairwise scales at the base of
the peduncle absent; racemes 0–5, (3–)6–18(–21) cm long, spread out ± horizontally,
occasionally the lowest ones branched; ͲǤͷȂͳ ǡȋͳȂȌ͵ȂͳͲǦϐǤ
Flower: pedicel (5–)7–15(–17) mm, articulated at 1–4(–5) mm from the base; sepals
narrowly ovate, ȂʹȂ͵ϐǡȂ͵Ȃͷ, apex acute, greenishϐǡǢǡͷȂͳͲͶȂͺǡ ǡ
apex rounded to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm
long; style c. 5 mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥ ͳ ϐǡ ͷ ͷ Ǣ
drupelets 3 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 6–10 x 4–6
mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: This species is generally easily recognized by the leaves with spinulose-serrate
ǡ ϐ ϐ
cymules. Some forms are close to C. bukobense, but that species has papyraceous and
more elongated leaves, and a less pronounced serrate leaf margin.
ϐ Ouratea laurentii show some dissimilarities with
typical C. ϔǤ ϐ Ǥ ǡ
those specimens are close to C. glaucum, but differ by having a strongly dentate margin
3.7 Materials and Methods
and longer leaves.
The following specimens: Preuss 760, Preuss 829, Lehmbach 111 and Deistel 283
were cited as types of C monticola in the protologue. The latter has been designated
as lectotype of C. monticola since the other two specimens have not been traced.
Lectotypes for Ouratea laurentii and Ouratea spinuloso-serrata were also designated.
Both specimens have two duplicates present in BR and G respectively and the material
ϐǤ
Distribution: from Guinea Bissau to Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Gabon,
northern Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ͳ͵).
Ecology: in primary and secondary forests, swampy, dry and riverine or gallery forest,
and in coastal savannah; on sandy, laterite and clayish soil; at 15–2200 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Vernacular names: Cameroon: Kpemtele (Bobili).
Congo: Bolili bo kikereke (turumbu). Ghana: Epebégai, Hiatso (Ta), Laba (Ewe). Guinea
Bissau: N’Saunte (Nalu). ǣ ȋȌǡȀȋ ȌǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͷǡͶͻʹǡͷͷͲ2ǡαǡͲʹǡʹʹͲ2ǡ αʹͷ
ȋ αͷͲʹȌǤ Ǥ
is well represented in herbaria, with numerous recent collections, and so seems to be
fairly common. Thus, the category of Least Concerned has been assigned.
Specimens examined:
, Atakoraǣ ±±Ǥ ͳͲιʹͷǯ ͳιʹǯǤ ǣ ͷʹͳǡ ͳͷ ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Essou 2317 (BENIN,WAG);
±±: Ita Djébou, 12 km N de Sakété. 6°48’N 2°37’E, 29 October 1970 (st), Zon, A.P.M. van der 138
ȋǡ ǡ ǡǡǡ ȌǢ±±ǤιͲͲǯʹι͵ǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͲͳȋϐȌǡLe Testu 253 (P); Ouando. 6°30’N
ʹι͵ǯǡʹʹͳͻȋϐǡȌǡEijnatten 2228 (BR,HUJ,IFAN,K,MO,WAG); Pobè. 6°57.38’N 2°40.11’E. Alt:
125m, 14 March 2001 (st), Akoègninou 4370 (BENIN,WAG); Forêt de Toffo, 4-5 km W of Pobè, road to AdjaOuèrè. 6°59.7’N 2°37.7’E, 24 November 1998 (st), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 6623 (BENIN,WAG); entre Sakété et
±ǤιͶ͵ǯʹιͶͲǯǡͳ ͳͻͳͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 22912 (P).
, ǣǤǤǤǤǤʹͶ ͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡSwarbrick 2322 (E); Adamawa Region: 45 km
Ǥιʹʹǯͳ͵ιͷͻǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹͲ ͳͻͺʹȋϐȌǡSatabié 621 (P); Central Province: Yaoundé
Ǥ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳι͵ͳǯǡȋϐȌǡZenker; Staudt 14 (E); environs du bureau SRCam (sur rayon 800 m environ)
Eaux et Forêts. 3°52’N 11°31’E, 26 November 1958 (st), Endengle 79 (P); Yaoude station. 3°52’N 11°31’E,
ȋϐǡȌǡZenker; Staudt 102 (BM,G,S); Mont Ngoro à 58 km SW de Linte. 5°05’N 11°18’E, 17 April 1982 (fr),
Nkongmeneck 271ȋȌǢ ǦϐǦǡʹ͵ϐǤͶιͷͶǯͳͳιͲǯǡʹ͵
ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡSatabié 577ȋȌǢ° ±ǤͷιͲͶǯͳͲιʹͺǯǡ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡLetouzey
1104 ȋȌǢ ǯǡ ͺ Ǥ ±Ǥ ͵ιͷ͵ǯ ͳͳιʹǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ
ͳͻ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1395 (B,BR,EA,FHI,GENT,K,MHU,P,PRE,WAG,YA,Z); entre Zogela et Mbomba.
ͶιͲʹǯͳʹιͷ͵ǯǡʹͷͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡLetouzey 1803ȋȌǢ ǤͶι͵͵ǯͳͳιʹͶǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡJacquesFélix 2375 ȋȌǢ ϐǤ ͶιͶͷǯ ͳͳιͳͶǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐȌǡ Jacques-Félix 2418 (P); Nkolbisson, 7 km W. of
Yaoundé. 3°53’N 11°27’E. Alt: 800m, 3 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5015 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); 50 km Ayos
Ǥ͵ιͷͶǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7188ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢϐǤͶιͶͷǯͳͳιͳͶǯǡ
ͳͺ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7189ȋǡ ȌǢǡͶͷǡǡ ϐ
de l’Assamba, près de la gare de Njoré. 4°20’N 11°45’E, 21 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7317 (P); Issandja, 40 km
Ǥ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲϐǤͶιͶǯͳͳιͶǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLetouzey 9712 (K); Route
Ndanan I-Ndangan I Left path left into forest after bridge, parallel to water course. 3°37.2’N 11°35.1’E. Alt:
ͳͲǡͳͲ ʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡCheek 11636 (K MO,SCA,WAG,YA); East Province: Moyen Congo, rive de la Ngoko.
ͳιͷǯͳͷι͵ͻǯǡ ͳͻʹͲȋϐȌǡPobéguin (central Africa series) 61 (P); Ndjassi. 4°16’N 13°51’E, 19 March
ͳͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ Hédin, L. 344 (P); 50 km de Bertoua, vers Aboumadjali. 4°34’N 13°16’E, 11 February 1956 (fr),
3
Ǥͳͳͷ
3
Ǥͳͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
F
A
G
B
C
H
ͳ
ʹ
E
ͳʹǤϔǤA. Petal. B. Seed, cross section. C. Seed, side view. . Seed, bottom view. E. Flowering branch. F. Flower, top view. G. Flower
side view. H. Persistent sepals. ͳ & ʹ. Anthers. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ͳ͵. Distribution of Campylospermum ϔ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Nana, P. 465ȋǡ ȌǢ ϐǦǦȋ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲȌǤʹιͲǯ
ͳͷιͳͳǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Villiers, J.F. 664 (P); near Moloundou, along Boumba River. 2°02’N 15°10’E.
ǣ͵ͶͲǡͻ ͳͻͺʹȋϐȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 891 (MO,WAG,YA); Dzanga-Sangha Reserve, 45 km South of
ǡǤʹιʹͳǯͳιͲͻǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡͶͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡHarris,
D.J. 1542 (E); Near Yoko-Betugu, road to Ndemba II, along river Do 30 km NW. of Bertoua. 4°45’N 13°33’E. Alt:
670m, 12 December 1961 (st), Breteler 2208 (BR,K,P,WAG,YA); Near Bimba, bank of Doumé river, 40 km SW.
of Batouri. 4°10’N 14°07’E. Alt: 580m, 15 April 1962 (st), Breteler 2798 (WAG); près Goyoum. 5°12’N 13°23’E,
͵ͳ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡLetouzey 3339 (P); au N. du Monay. 5°48’N 14°05’E, 28 February 1971 (fr), Letouzey
3570ȋȌǢǤǤʹιͳͻǯͳͷιͶǯǡʹͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J.
6137 (E,MO,WAG); Lobeke Reserve. Djaloumbe bai., 2°23’N 15°45’E, 26 November 1998 (fr), Harris, D.J. 6573
(E,MO,WAG); Littoral: Km 14 Melong-Dschang road. 5.17 N 9.59 E, 5°17’N 9°59’E. Alt: 700m, 19 January
1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9219 (BR,K,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); Km 14 Melong-Dschang road. 5.17 N 9.59 E, 5°17’N
ͻιͷͻǯǤǣͲͲǡͳ͵ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLeeuwenberg 9470 (B,BR,C,EA,FHI,GC,H,HBG,K,LD,LISC,M,MO,P,PRE,UP
ǡǡ ǡȌǢǤͶιͲ͵ǯͻιͶʹǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 13992 (K); : Plateau
of the Adamaoua, grounds of the cattle breeding centre at Wakwa, between 8 and 11 km S. of Ngaoundéré.
7°14’N 13°35’E. Alt: 1200m, 8 October 1960 (st), Breteler 435 (U,WAG); Falls in the Vina river 15 km SE. of
Ngaoundéré. 7°12’N 13°43’E. Alt: 1200m, 1 December 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 4456 (K,P,WAG); near falls
in the Tello river 47 km E. of Ngaoundéré. 7°10’N 13°55’E. Alt: 1200m, 9 December 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de
4702 (K,P,WAG); Ǧ : British Cameroons. Mashi, Kentu. 6°37’N 10°16’E. Alt: 610m, March
ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐǡ ȌǡJohnstone, A.T. 296 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲͳǯǤ ǣͳ͵ͲͲǡͳʹ ͳͻʹͺȋϐȌǡ
Migeod 501ȋǡȌǢǡǡǤι͵ͻǯͳͲιʹͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͳͳ ͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡHepper
1925ȋǡȌǢ ǡ͵ͲǤʹͲǤȋ ͳȀʹͲͲǤͲͲͲȌǤιͲʹǯ
9°52’E. Alt: 1800m, 10 August 1975 (st), Letouzey 14232 (K,P,YA); British Cameroons. Bamenda Div. Mufung.
ͷιͷǯͳͲιͳͲǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐǡȌǡJohnstone, A.T. 31/ 41 (FHO); South-West Province: Victoria. 4°01’N
ͻιͳͲǯǡ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Unknown s.n. (B); Buea. 4°09’N 9°14’E. Alt: 975m, 1930 (fr), Maitland, T.D. s.n. (K); Mamfe.
5°50’N 9°30’E. Alt: 305m, 1930 (fr), Maitland, T.D. s.n. (K); Gorge at Kumba. 4°50’N 9°20’E. Alt: 274m, 15
April 1937 (fr), Hutchinson, J. 151 (K); Urwaldgebiet. 4°11’N 9°11’E, 1904 (st), Deistel 283 (A,BM,K); Oban ǤǤͷι͵ͻǯͻιͳͶǯǡͳ ͳͻͷͷȋϐǡȌǡRichards, P.W. 5207 (K); Kumba, Banga,
Ǥ ǤͶιʹͶǯͻιʹǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡBrenan 9440 (BM,FHO,K); près Bonékanda I,
7 km NE Duéa. 4°11’N 9°11’E. Alt: 2200m, 6 August 1972 (fr), Letouzey 11590 (P); Kumba Distr., along the
ǤͶιͷͲǯͻιʹͲǯǡͺͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI
41019ȋ
ǡȌǢͶǤͷͲͲǤͶιͳͲǯͻιͳʹǯǡʹͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 44021 (FHO,K);
West ProvinceǣǤǤιͲͲǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡͳ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡBrunt, M.
40 (K); Bangwa 16 km NW of Bangangté. 5°12’N 10°29’E. Alt: 1300m, 7 May 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2497
ȋǡǡǡǡ ǡȌǢǡǤǦ ǤͷǤͳͻͳͲǤͲʹǤǣͲͲǡͳͶͳͻʹȋϐȌǡ
Leeuwenberg 9594ȋǡǡ
ǡ ǡǡ ǡǡǡǡǡǡ ǡȌǢǡȋϐǡȌǡMildbraed
10235 (K).
, ±±Ǧ±Ã: 4 km from Gamboula, village near the boundary along
Ǧǡ±ÃǤͶιͲͷǯͳͷιͲͺǯǡͻ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡLeeuwenberg 7293
(BAS,BR,K,P,WAG); Ǧ ± ǤǤ: Haut Chari, pays des Mandjos, poste des trois Marigots. 6°50’N
ͳͻιͳͲǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 6261 (K,P); Ombella M’poko: Haut Oubangui, Krebedje.
Ͷιʹʹǯͳͺι͵ʹǯǡȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 10667 (K,P); Ouham: Boguilla region. 7°12’N 16°48’E. Alt: 600m, (fr),
Fay, J.M. 5350ȋȌǢǤιͳʹǯͳιͶͺǯǤǣͲͲǡȋϐǡȌǡFay, J.M. 5351 (K); Ǧ±: Haut
ǡǤιͳǯͳͷιͷǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡLenfant 1131 (P); Neu Cameroon,
Ǥ ιʹͲǯ ͳιʹͳǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐȌǡ Tessmann 2261 (K); Bozoum (Oubangui). 6°19’N 16°23’E, 7
ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐǡȌǡTisserant 2342 (P); Ǧ±±: Ndakan, gorilla study area. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt:
͵ͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 274 (E).
ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Odzala National Park, 2 km à l’Ouest d’Ekagna, saline Ossassanga. 0°44’N
ͳͷιʹͲǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLejoly 96/ 182 (BRLU); Likouala: île du L’Oubangui. 2°55’N 18°28’E, 13 July
ͳͻͲͲȋϐȌǡFoureau 3116 (P); SanghaǣͳͶǤǡʹιͳͲǤʹǯͳιͲͺǤͶ͵ǯǡͳͻʹͲͲȋϐȌǡIyenguet
4 (E,IEC).
ȋ Ȍ, Bas-Congo: Malela. 5°59’S 12°37’E, 19 December 1918 (fr), Vermoesen 1167 (BR);
Ǥͷιͷͻǯͳʹι͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻͳͻȋϐȌǡVermoesen 1294ȋȌǢǤͷιͷͻǯͳʹι͵ǯǡ͵ ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡ
Bequaert 7923 (BR); Equateurǣ Ǥ ͳιͷͲǯ ʹͲιͲͲǯǡ ͷ ͳͻͲͶ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Laurent, É. s.n. (BR);
Ǥ ͳιͲ͵ǯ ͳιͳʹǯǡ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Pynaert 184 (BR,P,Z); entre Libenge et Zongo. 4°00’N 18°37’E,
3
Ǥͳͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͳͺ
ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐȌǡ Lebrun 1664 ȋǡȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιʹǯ ͳͻιͳʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐȌǡ
Lebrun 1860 (K,WAG); Kasai-Orientalǣ ǦǤ ιͷǯ ʹ͵ι͵ǯǡ ͵ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Liben 3739
(BM,G,K,WAG); Katanga (Shaba)ǣǤι͵ͳǯʹͶιͳͳǯǤǣͺ͵ͲǡʹͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡGathy 1834 (BR);
Orientaleǣ ȋȌǤͶιͳͲǯʹͻι͵ͲǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡSaeger 95 (K,WAG);
Ǥ͵ι͵ͺǯʹιͷǯǡͺͳͻͲͷȋϐǡȌǡSeret 310 (BR); Avakubi. 1°20’N 27°35’E, 5 January
ͳͻͳͶȋϐǡȌǡBequaert 1773ȋȌǢǤͳιʹͲǯʹͺιͲͻǯǡʹ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡBequaert 2144 (S); Yangambi,
ÁǤͲιͶͶǯʹͶιʹͺǯǡͳͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 11096 (BR); Yangambi, île Esali. 0°46’N
ʹͶιʹǯǡʹ ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 14406 (BR,BRLU,K).
, Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ Ǥ ͵ι͵ʹǯ ͺιͶʹǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Mann, G. 271 (HUH,K);
ǦǡʹͲǦʹͳǤ͵ιͶͳǯͺιͷͶǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͺͻȋϐǡȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 3851 (K,MA,WAG).
, ǣǤͳͺͺȋϐȌǡThollon 680 (P); ±Ǧ : Ogooué. 0°07’S 11°31’E,
ͳͺͺͷȋϐȌǡThollon 517 (P); Ǧ: Minkébé district, Nsye valley. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 19 February
ͳͻͻͲȋϐǡȌǡWieringa, J.J. 582 (BR,C,LBV,MO,PRE,WAG); Minkébé area, 1010 m on transect B. 1°30’N 12°49’E,
22 February 1990 (st), Minkébé Series AM 17 (WAG).
, ǣȋϐȌǡThonning s.n. (C); (fr), Thonning s.n.ȋǡǡ ȌǢȋϐǡȌǡFarmar 388 (K); 13 March
ͳͻͲʹȋϐǡȌǡJohnson, W.H. 901 (K); Ashanti Region: Ashanti, Akumadai district. 7°24’N 1°57’W, April 1916
ȋϐǡȌǡKitson s.n.ȋȌǢ ǡǡǤιͲͶǯͳιʹͶǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐǡȌǡMorton, J.K.
s.n.ȋȌǢǤιͳʹǯͳιͶͲǯǡͳͳͻʹ͵ȋϐȌǡKing-Church 870 (K,P); Huhunya. 6°10’N 0°11’W, May 1925
(fr), Howes, F.N. 1009ȋȌǢǤͳͻʹͺȋϐȌǡMoor (Mrs) 1023 (FHO); Aburi hill. 5°51’N 0°11’W, November
ͳͻʹͷȋϐǡȌǡHowes, F.N. 1025ȋ ȌǢǤǡʹͶιͷͳǯͳιͲǯǤǣʹͶǡ ͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡAkwa 1624
(BM,FHO,K); Ajura Scarp. 7°23’N 1°22’W, 31 March 1957 (fr), Adams, C.D. 2447 (K); Obuasi. 6°12’N 1°40’W,
ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡAndoh 4211ȋǡȌǢ ǤιͶʹǯͳι͵ͻǯǡʹͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡObengDarko 5137ȋȌǢ Ǥιʹ͵ǯͳιʹʹǯǡͻ ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐǡȌǡMorton, J.K. 9775 (K); Kumasi. 6°41’N
ͳι͵ǯǤǣʹͶǡ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐǡȌǡAndoh FH 1878 (EA,FHO); Breman, Mont Kumasi. 6°44’N 1°38’W. Alt:
ʹͶǡ ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐǡȌǡAndoh FH 2148 (A,FHO,K); near Kumasi, Amenhyasu. 6°41’N 1°37’W. Alt: 274m,
ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡAndoh FH 2211ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢǤιͶͳǯͳι͵ǯǡͳͳ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡLyon, F.J. FH 2875
(FHO); Brong-Ahafo RegionǣͳͲͲǤι͵ǯʹιʹͻǯǡʹͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Oldeman, R.A.A. 784 (BR,K,P,WAG); just N of Wenchi Farm Institute. 7°46’N 2°05’W. Alt: 200m, 19 March 1996
(fr), Jongkind 2634 (WAG); On Berekum Road from Techiman. 7°27’N 2°35’W, 21 March 1953 (fr), Morton, J.K.
8570 (K); Central RegionǣǤͷιͲǯͳιͳͷǯǡȋϐȌǡBrass, W. s.n. (BM); Eastern Region: road from
ǤͷιͷͻǯͲιͶ͵ǯǡͺͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. s.n. (K); Aburi. 5°51’N
0°11’W, 15 March 1924 (fr), Obeng-Darko s.n.ȋȌǢǤͷιͷͻǯͲιͳͶǯǤǣͳͺ͵ǡ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡMoor
(Mrs) 76ȋ ǡȌǢǡǤιͳǯͲιʹͺǯǤǣʹʹͻǡʹͳ ͳͻͶͳȋϐȌǡScholes 342 (K); Aburi Hill.
5°51’N 0°11’W, 18 November 1899 (fr), Johnson, W.H. 450 (K); Aburi. 5°51’N 0°11’W. Alt: 457m, 24 March
ͳͻͲͳȋϐȌǡBrown, T.W. 681ȋȌǢǤͷιͶͳǯͲιͳǯǡͳʹͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡObeng-Darko 1055 (K,P);
Nsawam. 5°48’N 0°21’W, January 1933 (fr), Irvine, F.R. 1934 (K); Ayirebi (Oda). 6°05’N 1°08’W, 4 December
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡObeng-Darko 5696ȋ ȌǢǦǤͷιͶͺǯͲιʹͳǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K.
25319 (K); Nsawam., 5°48’N 0°21’W, 13 March 1930 (fr), Thomas, A.S. D 143 (K); Mt Edjuanima. 6°35’N 0°44’W,
ʹͺͳͻͶͺȋϐǡȌǡRobertson, N.F. K 10 (K); Greater Accra Region: Mole National Park. 9°12’N 1°33’W, 5
April 1976 (fr), Lieberman GC46342 (US, WAG); Volta Region: by the road of Biakpa, Togo. 6°50’N 0°25’E, 14
ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. s.n.ȋȌǢǤι͵ͳǯͲιʹʹǯǡʹʹ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡUnknown 19
ȋ ȌǢǡ ǤιͷǯͲιͳǯǡ͵ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡMaessen, T. 25 (WAG); Nr Bishop Herman
ǡǡǤǤιͲͲǯͲιͳͺǯǡʹͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡRodenburg 26 (WAG); kpando. 7°00’N 0°18’E, 9 April
ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡAsamany 113ȋȌǢιͷͳǯͲιʹǯǡ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡIrvine, F.R. 166 (FHO,K); Ho, Klefe village.
ι͵ǤͳǯͲιʹǤͷǯǤǣͳ͵ǡʹͷʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡAndel, T.R. van 6034 (GC,WAG); 1 km W of Tsurkpe, village
ͷǤιͶǯͲιͳǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳͲ ͳͻȋϐȌǡLeeuwenberg 11193 (BR,FHO,GC,K,MO,WAG);
ʹǤιͶͻǯͲιʹǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. GC 6500 (K,WAG); Western Region:
ǡǤǤͷιͷͶǯʹι͵ͻǯǡͳͶ ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡFoggie 187 (FHO); 5 mls inland from Dixcove. 4°48’N
1°57’W, 31 March 1954 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 466 (K); 5 mls inland from Dixcove WP. 4°50’N 1°57’W, 31 March
1954 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 482 (K); road from Axim to Ancobra River, about 4 miles from river. 4°52’N 2°14’W,
1 June 1956 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 2227 (K); March 1927 (fr), Vigne FH 229 (BM,K); Awasu, Anwhiaso Forest
ǤιͳǯʹιͳͳǯǡʹͲ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡVigne FH 277 (FHO); Anwhiaso Forest Reserve. 6°17’N 2°11’W.
ǣͳʹͳǡ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡVigne FH 278ȋǡ ǡȌǢǤǤͷιͲǯʹιͲǯǡ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡVigne
FH 2770ȋ ȌǢȋȌǤͷιͲǯʹιͲǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡAndoh FH 3244 (FHO); Anibil, W.P.
ǤͶιͷͻǯʹιͳͲǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐǡȌǡAndoh FH 3254 (FHO,K).
3.7 Materials and Methods
, ±ǣ±ǤʹǤͳͳιͳͺǯͳͶιͶʹǯǡȋϐȌǡParoisse 10 (P); Conakry: Ile de Kouaky.
ͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡMaclaud 63ȋȌǢǦ²Ǥͻιͷͷǯͳ͵ι͵ͷǯǡͳͺͻ͵ȋϐȌǡParoisse 79 (P); Faranah: cercle
ǡǤͻιͳ͵ǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 20650 (P); cercle de Faranah,
Ǥ ͻιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͳǯǡ ͵Ͳ ͳͻͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 20996 (P); Kankan: Diaragouéla.
ͳͲι͵ǯͻιͷͺǯǡʹ ͳͺͻͻȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 471ȋȌǢǤͳͲι͵ͻǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐǡȌǡPobéguin
(Guinea series) 827 (P); ±ǣ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ͳͳιʹͲǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǡ ͳͺͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ Noury s.n. (P);
MamouǣǤͳͲιͳǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡPobéguin (Guinea series) s.n. (P); Mamou. 10°22’N 12°04’W,
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡPobéguin (Guinea series) 1558ȋȌǢǤͳͲιͳͻǯͳʹιͳͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier,
A.J.B. 18217 (P).
Ǧ , BijagósǣǤͳͳι͵Ͷǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡͳͺͺ͵ȋϐȌǡSouza (Guinea-Bissau 1883), J.A. de s.n. (COI);
Ǥͳͳι͵Ͷǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡȋϐȌǡSouza (Guinea-Bissau 1883), J.A. de s.n. (COI); Bolama. 11°34’N 15°31’W, 1884
ȋϐȌǡCarvalho, M.R. de 108ȋ ȌǢǤͳͳι͵ͷǯͳͷιʹͻǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo 605 (COI); Bolama,
Ǥͳͳι͵ͷǯͳͷι͵ͲǯǡͺͳͻͶͷȋϐǡȌǡEspirito Santo 1921 (COI,LISC,WAG); Quínara: Fulacunda.
11°46’N 15°10’W, 13 May 1945 (fr), Espirito Santo 2031 (COI,K,WAG); Tombaliǣ Ǧ Ǥ
ͳͳιͳͺǯͳͷιʹͷǯǡʹͳ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡMoreira, A. 186 (LISC); Crossing of road Cantanhez-Quiledje. 11°13’N
ͳͷιͲ͵ǯǡ͵ͳͻͷͶȋϐǡȌǡAlbuquerque D’Orey, J.D.S. de 372 (COI); Cacine. 11°08’N 15°10’W, August 1933
(fr), Espirito Santo 605 (COI); Bedanda-Jambarem. 11°18’N 15°05’W, 9 May 1961 (fr), Alves Pereira 1913 (MA).
IVORY COAST, ǣ 1955 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 8242 (WAG); Abengourou: near Ghana. 6°44’N 3°29’W,
͵ͳ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡThijssen, M.T. 154 (BR,MO,WAG); AbidjanǣǤͷιͳͺǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͺͻȋϐǡȌǡJolly
13 (P); Campus, université d’Abidjan. 5°21’N 4°00’W, December 1972 (fr), Frédoux 161 (G); km 60 new road
Ǧ ͳͲǤͷιͶʹǯͶι͵ʹǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 218 (BR,K,MO,UCJ,WAG);
Ǥ ǤǤ ǤǤǤ ͳͲ Ǥ ǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ Ǥ ͷιʹͲǯ ͶιͲͺǯǡ ʹͺ ͳͻ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 319 (K,WAG); Garden of Centre Neerlandais, ORSTOM, 17 km west of Abidjan. 0°00’N
ͲιͲͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡVersteegh 388 (WAG); près d’Abidjan. 5°20’N 4°02’W, May 1975 (fr), Frédoux
508ȋ ȌǢ±ǡʹͲǯǯǤͷιʹͶǯͶιͲͻǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡBamps 1843 (BR);
seed source Banco Forest. 5°23’N 4°03’W, 18 July 1973 (st), Koning, J. de 1932 (WAG); Banco Forest Reserve.
Ǥ ͷιʹͶǯ ͶιͲͶǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Koning, J. de 2070
ȋǡǡ ȌǢ±ǡͳǤǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͻͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡ
Leeuwenberg 2103 (K,WAG,Z); Banco Forest Reserve, between Apollo Plantation and Anguededou. 5°24’N
4°04’W, 28 February 1974 (fr), Koning, J. de 3380 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ͷιʹͳǯ
͵ιͷͶǯǡʹͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7465ȋ ȌǢ±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲͻǯǡʹ ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡ
Roberty 15745 (G); Bingerville B.30.09Da. 5°21’N 3°53’W, 7 December 1954 (fr), Roberty 15776 (G); entre la
±±Ǥͷιʹͷǯ͵ι͵ͷǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 17438 (P); Attié, Alépé. 5°30’N
͵ι͵ͻǯǡ͵ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 17455 (P); Bingerville, jardin d’essai. 5°21’N 3°54’W, September
ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 34238ȋȌǢͳͺ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡAubréville SF 201 (A,K); ±: Mbasso. 6°17’N
3°29’W, 15 March 1907 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 17596 (P); Agboville: Pont de l’Agbo, chemin de fer km 82. 5°56’N
Ͷιͳ͵ǯǡ͵ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 16764ȋȌǢǤͷιͷǯͶιͳ͵ǯǡͳʹͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡAubréville
SF 420 (P); ±: Kokondekro. 7°38’N 5°02’W, 23 June 1984 (st), Poilecot 243 (G); Bouna: Toupé (Parc
Komoé). 8°37’N 3°56’W, 11 June 1977 (fr), César 583 (P); 30 km N. of Kakpin, along Iringou river. 8°50’N
͵ιͶǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡGeerling 2034 (K,WAG); Grand-Lahou: village Zegbé. 5°10’N 5°35’W, 1895
ȋϐȌǡPobéguin (Ivory Coast series) 36 (P); Guiglo: Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 26 March 1961 (fr), Aké Assi s.n. (G); Tai,
au bord du Cavally. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 11 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7058 (P); ad occidentem miserrimi oppidi Tai
ǡϐǤǡͷιͷͳǯιʹǯǡ͵ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡBernardi, L. 8424 (G,K,US,WAG); 13 km
±ǤͷιͶͳǯιͳǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡAké Assi 11941 (G); 10 km Est de Sakré. 5°41’N 7°16’W, 2
ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡAké Assi 12040 (G); ManǣǤιʹǯι͵ͻǯǤǣͻͷͲǡͶ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡBamps
2198 (BR,WAG); ±ǣǤιͳ͵ǤͷͲǯͷιͲͳǤͲͲǯǡͻ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡGautier; Béguin 165 (CSRS,G,LAMTO);
Ǥιͳ͵ǤͷͲǯͷιͲͳǤͲͲǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡDugerdil 395 (G,LAMTO); Ǧ±: San Pedro. 4°40’N
6°37’W, 18 March 1901 (fr), Thoiré 204 (P); between San Pedro to Grand Béréby. 4°42’N 6°47’W. Alt: 40m, 24
ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡKoning, J. de 286 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); between San Pedro to Grand Béréby. 4°42’N 6°47’W.
ǣͶͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡKoning, J. de 304 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); 7 km N of Béréby. 4°42’N 6°58’W, 14
ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡOldeman, R.A.A. 664ȋ ȌǢǡǤͶιͶͺǯιʹǯǡͳͳͻͺȋϐǡ
fr), Geerling 2421 (WAG); Sassandra: 14 km WSW of Kpata-Aidou. 5°03’N 5°52’W. Alt: 15m, 9 May 1975 (fr),
Burg, W.J. van der 245 (MO,WAG); 10 km N of Sassandra. Near left border of Sassandra river. 5°02’N 6°08’W,
ͳͲͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBurg, W.J. van der 270 (MO,WAG); Island in the Sassandra river, near Louga. 5°03’N 6°11’W,
ͺͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 1274 (BR,MO,WAG); On bank of Sassandra river, near Louga. 5°03’N 6°13’W, 9
3
Ǥͳͳͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳʹͲ
April 1973 (fr), Koning, J. de 1343ȋǡ ȌǢ ǤͷιͲ͵ǯιͳͶǯǡͳʹͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Koning, J. de 2683ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ×ǡͷǤͷιͳͺǯιͲͷǯǤǣͻͲǡͳͺ
ͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡLeeuwenberg 2737ȋǡ ǡȌǢͳͺǤͷιͲͲǯιͳͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡ
Leeuwenberg 2905 (COI,FHO,K,WAG); Tabouǣ±±Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯιͳͲǯǡ ͳͻͺʹȋϐǡȌǡStäuble
559 (G); FC de la Ht Dodo, close to Kouadjokro. 5°00’N 7°18’W. Alt: 150m, 4 May 1999 (st), Jongkind 4485
(BP,IAGB,MO,WAG); route Tabou-Tai 50 km au S. de Tai., 5°10’N 7°04’W, 12 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7055 (P);
Tabou. 4°25’N 7°21’W, 8 April 1971 (fr), Aké Assi 11521 (G); Yamoussoukro: région du Nzi, Sénécro. 7°19’N
Ͷιͷͻǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 20147 (P).
LIBERIA, ǣ June 1877 (fr), Carder s.n. (K); Grand Bassa: Edina. 5°55’N 10°05’W, January 1907
ȋϐȌǡ Reilingh, W. 1140 (WAG); Grand Gedehǣ ϐ Ǥ Ǧ
Ǥ ͷι͵ͷǤͷǯ ͺιͲͻǤͶǯǤ ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ʹ͵ ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Jongkind 6322 (BR,WAG);
Montserradoǣ ǤιͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡʹͳͻͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBunting, R.H. s.n. (BM); within 20 miles of
Kaukatown. 6°32’N 10°21’W, 1904 (fr), Whyte, A. s.n. (K); Firestone Plantation, Division 18 6°24’N 10°19’W,
11 February 1970 (fr), Stoop - v.d. Kasteele 142 (MO,WAG); : Mont nimba. 7°35’N 8°32’W, 25 July 1974
(fr), Adam, J.-.G. 28767 (WAG); Sino: Diebla 4°55’N 7°40’W, 4 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6335 (K,US).
, ǣ 1908 (fr), Kitson s.n. (BM); (fr), Unknown 172 (FHO); 14 November 1968 (fr), Meer,
P.P.C. van 1029 (BR,BUC,K,MO,POZG,WAG); March 1948 (fr), Irvine, F.R. 3602 (K); Abeokuta: Ilaro F.R. south of
ͳͻͶͷǤιͶǯ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡOnochie FHI 32447
(K,P); Adamawa Stateǣ ǤιͳǯͳͳιͲʹǯǤǣͳǡʹͶͳͻ͵ȋϐǡ
fr), Chapman, J.D. 3087 (FHO); Sardauna Province, Mambilla Plateau. 7°16’N 11°02’E. Alt: 1524m, 24 May
ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡChapman, J.D. 3150ȋ ȌǢǤǤιͲʹǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǡͶ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡ
Chapman, J.D. 3672 (FHO,K); Gongola state, ganye local, Govt area. 8°26’N 12°04’E. Alt: 46m, 21 February 1977
ȋϐȌǡChapman, J.D. 4726 (FHO,K); Benue Stateǣ ǤιͶͷǯͺιͶͷǯǡ͵ͳͻͳʹȋϐǡȌǡDalziel
781 (K); Cross River StateǣǡǤͷιʹͲǯͻιͲͲǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡTalbot, P.A. s.n. (BM); Newi district wet Zone.
6°01’N 6°55’E, 1909 (fr), Kitson s.n. (BM); Old Calabar. 4°57’N 8°19’E, (fr), Robb s.n. (BM); Newi. Ipurundza,
ǤιͲͳǯιͷͷǯǡ ͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡKitson s.n.ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǡͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡTalbot, P.A. s.n.
(BM); Itu., 5°12’N 7°59’E, 30 August 1891 (fr), Holland, J.H. 39ȋȌǢǤͶιͷǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺʹȋϐǡȌǡ
Thomson, W.C. 50 (E); Calabar. 4°57’N 8°19’E, June 1882 (fr), Burton 50 (K); Calabar. 4°57’N 8°19’E, January
1931 (fr), Smith, J. 62 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͳʹǯ ιͷͻǯǡ ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Smith, J. 73 (FHO); Adiabo. 5°40’N
ͺιͳͷǯǡʹ͵ ͳͺͻͺȋϐȌǡHolland, J.H. 91ȋȌǢ Ǥͷιͷǯͺι͵ͺǯǡͳ ͳͻͲͲȋϐȌǡHolland,
J.H. 241 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ιͶͲǯ ͻιͳͲǯǤ ǣ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͶ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Tuley 554 (K); Newland
ǤͷιͷͷǯιʹͺǯǤǣʹǡͳʹ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡTuley 584 (K); Hansa, Ikom road. 5°58’N 8°42’E, 18
ͳͻ͵ͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Rosevear 31/ 21 ȋ ȌǢ ǦǦǤ ͷι͵ͷǯ ͺιͳͲǯǡ ͳͺ ͳͻ͵ͳ ȋϐȌǡ
Rosevear 31/ 35 (FHO); Ogoja Province Reserve, Ayi Forest Reserve. 6°18’N 8°59’E, 1933 (st), Smith, J. FHI
1969 (FHO); Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 12 February 1946 (fr), Aninze FHI 15410 (K); R. ata, below Koloishe. 5°37’N
ιͺͲǯǤǣͳʹͳͻǡʹʹ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡSavory FHI 25058 (K); Abakaliki Prov, Obubra dist. Inv. 288 Agoi
ǤǤ ʹǤιʹͲǯͻιͲͳǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 44119 (FHO,K); Edo State: Sapoba, Oshun
Reserve. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 12 January 1928 (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 95 (FHO); Sapoba, Oshun Reserve. 6°06’N 5°53’E,
12 January 1928 (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 95 (FHO); Sapoba, foret Unugu. 6°13’N 7°14’E. Alt: 150m, 14 January 1928
ȋϐǡȌǡCons. of Forests 204 (FHO); Sapoba Forest Experimental Station near Sapele. 6°07’N 5°47’E, 16 January
ͳͻʹͺ ȋϐȌǡ Cons. of Forests 224 (FHO); Sapoba Forest Experimental Station near Sapele. 6°07’N 5°47’E, 14
January 1928 (fr), Cons. of Forests 225ȋ ȌǢǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐǡȌǡKennedy, J.D. 760 (BM,FHO,K); Ona
ȋȌǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡLowe, J. 895 (WAG); (st),
Kennedy, J.D. 2034ȋǡǡ ǡǡȌǢǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2066ȋǡȌǢȋϐǡȌǡKennedy,
J.D. 2248ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢǤιʹͷǯι͵ͶǯǤǣͳͷʹǡͳͲ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 2350 (K); Benin
ǤǤǡǡ ǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͶͺȋϐǡȌǡBrenan 8938 (FHO,K);
Ǥ Ͷ Ǥ ιͳͲǯ ιͶǯǡ ͵ ͳͻͶ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Jones, A.P.D. FHI 522 (FHO);
Sapoba, in experimental area. 6°06’N 5°53’E, 7 April 1944 (fr), Onyeagocha FHI 7120 (K); arboretum bording
ǤιͲͳǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͶͶȋϐǡȌǡOnyeagocha FHI 7616 (FHO); Owerri Province, Taylor No.1.
ͷι͵ͷǯιͶͷǯǡͻ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡAkpata FHI 16512ȋ ȌǢ ǡͳȀʹ
Warruke (Kukuruku district). 19 March 1948 (fr), Okon FHI 22753 (K); 1949 Abedi Taungya in Sapoba F.R.
ιʹͲǯͷι͵ͺǯǡʹͳͻͷͲȋϐǡȌǡDundas FHI 27241 (K); Ishan, Ugboha N.A. reserve. 6°45’N 6°28’E,
ͳ͵ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡHenry, R.W.T. FHI 29129ȋȌǢǤιͶ͵ǯͻι͵ʹǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡEjiofor FHI 32005 (K);
ȋȌǤ ǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹͳ ͳͻʹȋϐǡ
fr), Emwiogbon FHI 45329ȋ ȌǢ ǤǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹʹͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡEimunjeze FHI 72556 (K,P);
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͶͲǤιͲͷǯͷιͷʹǯǡ͵ͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡLowe, J. UIH 21317 (K); Enugu State:
Enugu. 6°26’N 7°29’E, 28 April 1963 (fr), Schwabe, W. 25 (B); near Amechi village on Enugu Abakaliki road.
6°25’N 7°59’E, 21 February 1973 (fr), Latilo FHI 67621 (K,WAG); Kaduna State: Nimbia F.R., 9°30’N 8°32’E, 3
April 1963 (fr), Latilo FHI 17141 (K); Lagos Stateǣιʹǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡͳͺͺ͵ȋϐǡȌǡMoloney s.n. (K); Lagos.
ιʹǯ͵ιʹͶǯǡͳͺͻͲȋϐǡȌǡRowland s.n.ȋȌǢιʹǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBatten-Poole 7 (K); 6°27’N 3°23’E, 1946
ȋϐȌǡBatten-Poole 85ȋǡȌǢ ǡ Ǥι͵ǯ͵ιͳǯǡͳͷͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡEimunjeze FHI
68013 (K,WAG); Ogun State: road from Ijebu Igbo to Araromi 10 km N. of Ijebu Igbo, near Lagada village.
ιͲʹǯͶιͲͳǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 561 (WAG); Shasha Forest Reserve, Ijebu Province.
ιͲͷǯͶι͵Ͳǯǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡRichards, P.W. 3026 (BM,S); between Olokemeji and Ado-awaye. 7°50’N
͵ιʹǯǡͷ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡRichards, P.W. 5014 (K); entre Ibadan et Abcokuta. 7°16’N 3°37’E, March 1899
ȋϐȌǡSchlechter, F.R.R. 13022ȋ ȌǢι͵ǯͶιͳͷǯǡͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 16837 (FHO); Abakurudu. 22
ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 17024 (FHO,K); Ondo StateǣȋϐȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2584 (FHO); Owo forest
ǤιͲͷǯͷιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡWhite, F. 8198 (FHO); In Carter’s peak, Idanre. 7°03’N 5°06’E.
ǣͷͲͲǡͳ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡBrenan 8656ȋ ǡȌǢǡͳ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡTamajong 14693
(FHO); between Idoani & Ikun. 7°20’N 5°50’E, 9 April 1979 (fr), Daramola; Osanyinlusi 79/ 5 (FHI,K,WAG); 12
miles, Owena-Akure Road. 7°12’N 5°10’E, 5 February 1969 (fr), Gbile, Z.O. FHI 20561 (K); Ifaki-Ikole road.
ͳǤ ǤιͶͺǯͷιʹʹǯǡʹͺ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 70668 (K,WAG); Ago (Owo)
Ǧ Ǥιʹͺǯͷιʹͳǯǡͺ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 70732 (WAG); Osun State: 90 km from
ǤιͷͺǯͶι͵ͶǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡDaramola, B.O. 94/ 353 (K); Oyo State: near Owi
Ǥιʹ͵ǯ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳͻͶͷȋϐǡȌǡBurtt, B.L. 17 (K); road to Ibanda. 7°23.27’N
͵ιͷ͵Ǥͺǯǡͳͳ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡHead, D. 68 (K); Ijaiye forest reserve 10 miles W. of Ijaiye, 21 miles NW of
ǤιͶͲǯͶιͳͲǯǡͷ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 649 (WAG); near Ibadan. 7°23’N 3°54’E, 29 December
ͳͻͶͻȋϐǡȌǡMeikle 907ȋǡȌǢ Ǥιʹ͵ǯ͵ιͷͶǯǡ ͳͻͷͲȋϐǡȌǡMeikle 978 (B,EA,K,MA,S);
Ijaiye Forest Reserve (Western State, Ibadan District). 7°40’N 3°30’E, 21 December 1971 (st), Wit, P. 1057
ȋ
ǡǡ ȌǢ ǡʹͲǤǤ ǤιͲͺǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡʹʹͳͻȋϐȌǡEijnatten 1545 (WAG); Ibadan.
7°23’N 3°54’E, 18 May 1936 (fr), Roberty 1714ȋ ȌǢ ǤιͺͲǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻʹȋϐǡ
fr), Bernardi, L. 8720ȋ ǡǡȌǢǤιʹ͵ǯ͵ιͷͶǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡHall, T.H.R. FHI 27456 (WAG);
ǡ ǤιͲͺǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡLatilo FHI 34984 (K);
Olla hills F.R. in the west east slope. 8°02’N 4°15’E, 27 March 1958 (fr), Binuyo FHI 36912 (K); University
ǡ Ǥιʹ͵Ǥʹǯ͵ιͷ͵Ǥͺǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡLatilo FHI 37956 (K); Oba F.R
ǤιͶͷǯͶιͲǯǡͳͳͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 40946 (K,P); Plateau State: Ngel
ǡǤιʹǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǤǣͳǡ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡWimbush FHI 48394 (K); Rivers
Stateǣ ǡ ͶιͶǯ ιͲʹǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Stubbings C 134 (K); Taraba State: Adamawa Division, mambila
ǤǤιͲͲǯͳͳιͳͲǯǤǣͳͷͲǡʹͲ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡHepper 1725 (K,S); NE state, Muri
Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ͺιͶͲǯ ͳͳιͶͳǯǤ ǣ ͳ͵ʹ Ǧ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ
Chapman, J.D. 4023 (FHO,K); NE state, Muri div. Mumuye distr. Gangoro Forest reserve. 8°40’N 11°41’E. Alt:
ͳͷʹͶǡͳͳ ͳͻȋϐȌǡChapman, J.D. 4156 (FHO,K); NE state, Muri div. Mumuye distr. Gangoro Forest
Ǥ ͺιͶͲǯ ͳͳιͶͳǯǤ ǣ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳ ͳͻ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Chapman, J.D. 4234 (FHO,K); Gongola state,
Mambilla div. Gashaka, chappal Hendu c. 5500 ft. 7°22’N 11°44’E, 22 April 1976 (fr), Chapman, J.D. 4370
(FHO,K); Gongola State: Sardauna, Linedi (Faadahsee). Mambilla Plateau at the N.E. corner overlooking Mayo
Ǥ ιͲͶǯ ͳͳιͲͶǯǤ ǣ ͳͷʹͶǡ ͳͲ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Chapman, J.D. 4647 (FHO,K); Gongola State,
Sadauna Local govt Area, Mambilla Plateau Gono (Mayo Ndaga). 6°55’N 11°30’E. Alt: 1524m, 15 November
ͳͻȋϐȌǡChapman, J.D. 5060 (FHO,K); Gongola State, Sardauna. Akwaijantar Forest, W. foothills of Mambilla
Ǥ ι͵ͳǯ ͳͳιͳͺǯǤ ǣ ͳͲǡ ͳ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Chapman, J.D. 5180 (FHO,K); Gongola State,
Sadauna Local govt Area, River Amboi Forest Reserve Baissa, close to Gidan Giwa. 6°55’N 11°30’E, 8 April
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡChapman, J.D. 5305ȋ ǡȌǢǦǦǦ ǤιͲͷǯͳͳιʹʹǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͷͶȋϐǡȌǡ
Latilo FHI 28975 (FHO,K).
, ǣȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡDon Jr, G. s.n.ȋȌǢͳͺͶͶȋϐȌǡϔǡǤ s.n. (BM);
ȋϐǡȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐǡȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐǡȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (S);
ȋϐǡȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS); (fr), Afzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8046ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐǡȌǡThomas, N.W.
8894 (K); 1915 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 8974 (K); 1915 (st), Thomas, N.W. 8999 (K); 1915 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 9114
(K); Eastern Province: Mattru. 7°52’N 11°22’W, 1 April 1956 (fr), Pyne 118 (B,K); Gbenderu. 7°50’N 11°11’W.
Alt: 15m, 5 January 1915 (st), Thomas, N.W. 7134 (K); Gbenderu. 7°50’N 11°11’W. Alt: 15m, 3 January 1915
ȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 7353ȋȌǢǤͺιͷͷǯͳͲιͶǯǡͳͲͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1808 (K);
ǣǤͻιͲͷǯͳʹιʹͷǯǤǣͲͳǡʹͲͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 59 (K); Samaia.
3
Ǥͳʹͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳʹʹ
9°32’N 12°26’W. Alt: 137m, 5 May 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 195 (K); Makeni. 8°25’N 12°32’W, 23 March 1966
(fr), Samai, S.K. 305ȋȌǢǤͻιͲ͵ǯͳʹιͲͻǯǤǣͳͻͺǡͶͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 1974 (K);
ǡ Ǥͻιͳʹǯͳʹιͷͷǯǡͳͳ ͳͺͻʹȋϐȌǡScott Elliot 4437 (BM); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W.
ǣͳͷǡ͵ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 5977 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W. Alt: 15m, 3 December 1918
(st), Thomas, N.W. 6001ȋȌǢǤͺιͶͶǯͳʹιͶʹǯǤǣͳͷǡ͵ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 6066 (K);
ǤͺιͶͶǯͳʹιͶʹǯǤǣͳͷǡ͵ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 6085 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W.
ǣͳͷǡ͵ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 6490 (K); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 22 May 1966 (st), Jaeger, P.
9006ȋȌǢǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲǯǡʹͳͻȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 9106 (G); Kabala (Mt Loma). 9°10’N 11°07’W,
ͳͶ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 23709 (C); between Kondembaia and foot of Loma mountains. 9°07’N
ͳͳιͳǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1011 (K,WAG); Southern Province: Njala. 8°07’N 12°05’W, 10
May 1951 (fr), Small, D. 24ȋȌǢȋȌǤιͳͻǤͺͷǯͳʹιͳͶǤͲǯǡͻ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBakshi 85 (K); 1960
(fr), Bakshi 85ȋȌǢǤͺιͲǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳͻ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡDeighton 494 (K); Moyamba. 8°10’N 12°25’W,
͵ͳ ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡDeighton 1916ȋȌǢǤιͷͲǯͳʹιͲͻǯǤǣͶͷǡͺ ͳͻͳͶȋϐǡȌǡThomas,
N.W. 3001 (FHO); (st), Thomas, N.W. 8092ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8153ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8188ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡ
Thomas, N.W. 8280ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8297ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8340ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8366
ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8426ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8481ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8557 (K); 1915 (fr), Thomas,
N.W. 9371ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 9746ȋȌǢǤǤιͷǯͳʹι͵ͳǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻȋϐȌǡMorton,
J.K. SL 3991 (K); Western Area: Kissy on hill above the town, Freetown. 8°28’N 13°12’W, 28 January 1964 (st),
Morton, J.K. SL 690 (K,WAG).
TOGO, Plateaux: 5 km E. of Badou on the road to Atakpamé. 7°35’N 0°39’E, 30 April 1978 (fr), Hakki 610
ȋǡȌǢǤιͺͲǯͲιͶͷǯǡͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBrunel 1219 (B); Ayomé (West 1. Atakpamé). 7°30’N 0°57’E, 4 March
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡErn 3271ȋǡȌǢǡ ǤιͷͳǯͲιͶͶǯǤǣͺͲͲǡͶͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡSchäfer, P.A.
7707ȋǡ ȌǢǤȋϐǡȌǡUnknown s.n. (BM).
Key literature: Akoègninou et al. (2006), Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985),
Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954).
Campylospermum gabonense Biss.
Blumea 58: 4 (2013; as ‘C. gabonensis’). – Type: Breteler & Breteler-Klein Breteler 13124
(holotype: WAG; isotype: LBV, WAG), Gabon, Moyen-Ogooué, ca. 20-30 km NNW of
Ndjolé, 0°03’N, 10°45’E, October 2nd, 1994.
D subsp. gabonense
Ǥͳ͵
Tree or treelet, up to 7 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules
persistent, narrowly triangular, Ȃͳͷ . Leaf: petiole canaliculate above, 3–7
mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ͳȂ͵ͲȋȂ͵ͷȌȂͳͲȋȂ
ͳͳȌ , ratio 2ȂͶǤͷǡ base cuneate to tapering, apex acuminate or sometimes acute,
ǡ ϐ ǡ
sometimes entire toward the base, rarely entire, upper surface dark green, lower surface
ǡǡǦǢǣϐǡ
prominent below, main lateral veins ͳͶȂʹ, 6–23 mm apart, prominent
on both sides, curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins
0 to 2 in between each pair of main laterals, not to slightly prominent on both sides,
tertiary venation scalariform, running perpendicular to the midrib, indistinct on the
upper side, slightly distinct on the lower. ϔ terminal, unbranched, erect,
compact, its main axis 3–13 cm long; peduncle robust; pairwise scales persistent at the
base of the peduncle, narrowly triangular; bracts persistent at the base of the cymules,
ǡ ʹȂ͵ Ǣ ͵ȂͷȋȂͳͲȌ ǡ ͶȂͺǦϐǤ Flower: pedicel
ʹ
ͳ
H
A
I
B
C
E
G
ͳ͵Ǥ Campylospermum gabonense. A. Tertiary venation at the midrib. B. Stipule. C. Pairwise scales. . Leaf branch. E. Flowering branch. ͳ & ʹ. Seeds and
cotyledons. GǤ ϐ ǤH. Flower. I. Sepals in fruit. JǤϐǤ
ͳͶ. Distribution of Campylospermum gabonense ssp. australeȋȌǡCampylospermum gabonense ssp. gabonense ( ) and Campylospermum glaberrimumȋοȌ
3.7 Materials and Methods
J
3
Ǥͳʹ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳʹͶ
5–15 mm, ͵Ȃͻ Ǣ ǡ ϐ Ȃͻ ʹȂ͵
mm, greenish, in fruit 9–10 by 3–4 mm, red; petals obovate, 10–15 x 5–9 mm, cuneate
at base, rounded at apex, yellow; stamens: anthers 5–7 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm wide;
style 6–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 3–4 mm wide; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per
receptacle, ellipsoid, c. 7 x 5 mm, black at maturity; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in
size with a smaller outer cotyledon.
Notesǣ Dzdzǡ
Dzdzǡ Ǥ
Distribution: endemic to Gabon (Moyen-Ogooué and Ngounié provinces; Map ͳͶ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, sometimes along rivers or streams; at 70–
400 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǢ
from October to January.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ʹȋǡǡȌǤ αͶǡͶ 2ǡ αʹǡ͵Ͷͺ 2,
αͳ͵ ȋ αͳͷǤ͵ʹ ȌǤ
Ȁ Ȁ
Ǯǯ Ǥ
Specimens examined:
, Ǧ±ǣ Ǥ Ǥ Ͳι͵ͷǯ ͳͲι͵ͻǯǡ ʹ͵ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Dibata
66 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ǡ Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͳͲιͷͲǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Azizet Issembé 176
ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡ ͷǦͳͷ ±Ǥ ͲιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 10375
ȋǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢͷǦ͵Ͳ±ǤͲιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡʹͳͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡBreteler 10983 (WAG); 20͵Ͳ±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤǣͳͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡBreteler 13124 (LBV,WAG); M’Boumi,
chantier SHM 30km S of Ndjolé, on border of the Ogooué river near Ndjolé. 0°25’S 10°50’E, 17 November
1998 (st), Breteler 14655 (WAG); M’Boumi, chantier SHM 30km S of Ndjolé, on border of the Ogooué river
near Ndjolé. 0°25’S 10°50’E, 17 November 1998 (st), Breteler 14658 (LBV,WAG); ±: along a forestry
road of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné
ǤͳιͲ͵ǤǯͳͲιʹͺǤǯǤǣͳʹͻǡʹͻ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 610 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road
of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné
ǤͳιͳͲǤͻǯͳͲιʹͺǤͶǯǤǣͳͷǡʹͻ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 627 (LBV,WAG); along a forestry road
of chantier EFT (Exploitaion Forestière de Tsanba) starting at Ndjemba village on Fougamou-Lambaréné
Ǥ ͳιͳͲǤͻǯ ͳͲιʹͺǤͶǯǤ ǣ ͳͷǡ ʹͻ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 628 (LBV,WAG); Old forest 2-3 km
SE of Forestry Camp Waka situated ± 32 km S.E. of Sindara, Waka R. Basin. 1°14’S 10°53’E. Alt: 350m, 12
December 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 1324 (WAG); Sindara, après village Matadi 7 route exploitation forestière
EGG (ancien IFL). 1°02.76’S 10°42.50’E. Alt: 72m, 22 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1432 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou,
village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée école. 1°03.06’S 10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011
(st), Bissiengou 1451 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée école.
1°03.06’S 10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1452 (LBV,WAG); 2 km on the road branching
off near Ikobey to Magonga. 1°01.67’S 10°57.46’E. Alt: 200m, 25 November 2001 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 4402
ȋ ȌǢͷͲ±±ǤͳιͲͶǯͳͲι͵ͲǯǡʹͺͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 5725 (WAG); Right bank
±ǤǡǡͳǤͳιͳ͵ǯͳͲιͶͻǯǤǣͶͲͲǡʹʹͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡ
Leeuwenberg 13617 (WAG); between Yombi and Fougamou, E slope of Koumounabouali ridge. 1°20’S 10°40’E,
22 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14052 (BR,BRLU,MO,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013).
3.7 Materials and Methods
D subsp. australe Biss.
Blumea 58: 5 (2013; as ‘subsp. australis’). – Type: Wieringa 2852 (holotype: WAG!;
isotype: BR!, LBV!, MO!), Gabon, Ogooué-Maritime, Rabi, 0.6 km on the road to platform
Rabi 78, 1°55.1’S, 9°50.8’E, October 4th, 1994.
Like the typical subspecies, but the leaf blade bullate between the lateral veins or rarely
ϐ Ǥ
Notesǣ Dzdzǡ
Dzdzǡ Ǥ
Distribution: endemic to Gabon (Ogooué-Maritime, western Ngounié and Nyanga
provinces; ͳͶ).
Ecology: in primary, moist and wet forest, in valleys with small streams; on sandy soil;
at 3–350 m altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ Ǣ
to January.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡǡȌǤ αǡͺʹ 2ǡ αͳǡͷͶͶ 2,
αͳͷȋ αͳʹǤͶ͵ȌǤͳͷ ǡ
ϐ Ǧ
Park. The remaining ten collections originate from logging and oil concessions while
even the Loango park is under development threat from Chinese mining companies.
Therefore, this subspecies is best placed in the Vulnerable category.
Specimens examined:
, ±: Agouma. 1°36’S 10°10’E, December 1925 (st), Le Testu 5834 (BR,P); : Doudou
Mountains, Chantier SFN-Bakker. 2°39.3’S 10°27.0’E. Alt: 180m, 22 November 2003 (st), Jongkind 5734
(LBV,WAG); ±Ǧǣ Ǧǡ Ǥ ͳιͷǯ ͻιͷ͵ǯǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ
Schoenmaker, J. 34 (WAG); Rabi, W of Shell platform 76, 100m in the forest. 1°57’S 9°51’E. Alt: 30m, 2
ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡHaegens 89 (WAG); Rabi-E, N of Pechoud Camp. 1°56.5’S 9°52.9’E, 26 October 1990 (st),
Nek 117 (WAG); savannah road to Vera, 32 km E from junction to Mayonami. 2°43.4’S 10°12.2’E. Alt: 70m, 21
November 1995 (fr), Bergen 126 (WAG); Rabi-Kounga. Direction Echira. 1°59’S 9°51’E, 11 November 1991
ȋϐȌǡSchoenmaker, J. 134 (WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rembo Rabi, NW of Rabi site. 1°53.7’S 9°50.7’E, 13 November
ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Nek 289 (LBV,MO,WAG); near Rabi, S of old Rubbish-heap. 1°57.6’S 9°52.8’E, 11 January 1991
(fr), Nek 560 (LBV,WAG); Monts Doudou, W. of Doussala and Rés. de Faune de Moukalaba. 2°15’S 10°20’E.
Alt: 350m, 5 December 1984 (fr), Arends 635 (WAG); Rabi, 0.6 km on the road to platform Rabi 78. 1°55.1’S
ͻιͷͲǤͺǯǤǣͶͲǡͶ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2852 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Koumouloundou, route d’accès
ǦǤʹιͲͲǯͻι͵ǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFarron 7413ȋȌǢ͵Ͳǡϐ
of the Echira River. 2°08’S 9°43’E. Alt: 15m, 28 November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9843 (LBV,MO,WAG);
Ǧǡ ǤʹιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 10152 (WAG); Gamba. N’Dogo Lagoon,
ǤʹιʹͷǤͻǯͻιͶʹǤǯǤǣ͵ǡͳͲ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11363 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013).
Campylospermum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Farron
Fig. ͳͶ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). – Gomphia glaberrima P.Beauv., Fl.
Oware: 22 (1807). – Ouratea glaberrima (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg in Engl. & Prantl., Nat.
ϐǤǤͳǡ ǡǣͳͶʹȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǤȂMonelasmum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Tiegh., J.
3
Ǥͳʹͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳʹ
Bot. (Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902). – Exomicrum glaberrimum (P.Beauv.) Tiegh., Ann.
Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Palisot de Beauvois s.n. (holotype: G!),
Nigeria, Oware, 1805.
Notocampylum decrescens Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 312 (Dec. 1902). –
Ouratea decrescens (Tiegh.) A.Chev., Expl. Bot. Afr. Occ. 1: 107 (1920). – Type: Chevalier
881 (holotype: P (2x)!), French Sudan, Soukouraba, 1899.
Notocampylum chevalieri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 312 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Chevalier 880 (holotype: P (2x)!), French Sudan, Soukouraba, 1899.
Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 312 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Chevalier 770 (holotype: P!), French Sudan, Fincolo, 1899.
Monelasmum glaucum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Pobeguin 227 (holotype: P (2x)!), Ivory Coast, Grand-Lahon, December 1896.
Ouratea insculpta Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33(2): 263 (1904). Ȃ Type: Rowland s.n. (holotype:
B†; isotype: K!, P (2x)!), Upper Guinea: West of Lagos.
Tree up to 5 m tall, rarely lianescent, with multiple stems; twigs with pale or whitish
bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 2–4 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–6 mm long, stout; leaf
blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or sometimes elliptic-obovate, ȋ͵ȂȌͷȂͳȋͳǤͷȂ
ȌʹȂ , ratio ʹȂ͵ȋȂǤͶȌ, base cuneate to rounded, apex blunt to acute or occasionally
acuminate but very apex always blunt to acute, coriaceous, margin almost entire to
serrulateǡǡǡǢǣϐ
slightly prominent above, prominent below, ͷȂͳͷ,
ͷȂͳͷ mm apart, at a more or less right to slight angle with the midrib and curved
upward to run parallel to the margin, not prominent on both sides, intermediate
lateral veins 1–2 in between each pairs of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform
to the midrib, indistinct to slightly distinct on the upper side, indistinct to distinct
on the lower. ϔ terminal or rarely axillary, unbrached or rarely with up
to 4 racemes, lax, its ȋͳȂȌȂʹͲȋȂ͵ͳȌ Ǣ peduncle woody at base,
slender upward; racemes ͲȂʹȋȂͷȌǡ͵ȂͷȋȂͳͷȌ ; pairwise scales 1-2 mm long,
persistent at the base of the peduncle; cymules ͲǤͷȂʹ , ͳȂͶǦϐǡ
ͳͶǦϐ. Flower: Ȃͳͺ, articulated at c. 2–5 mm from the base;
ǡϐȂͺ͵ǡǡȂͳͲ͵ȂͶǡ Ǧ
and red, base rounded, apex obtuse; petals obovate, 8–14 x 7–9 mm, cuneate at base,
rounded to slightly emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 5–7 mm long; ovary c. 1 x
1 mm; style 6–7 cm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳͳϐǡ ǤͶʹǡ
red; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to obovoid, c. 8 x 4 mm;
cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: This species is morphologically similar to C. congestum but differs by its main
lateral veins being not prominent on both sides and often longer pedicels (7–18 mm in
C. glaberrimum, 4–11 mm in C. congestum).
3.7 Materials and Methods
Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia,
southern Mali, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast,
Ghana, Togo, Benin and Nigeria, with a single
ȋMap ͳͶ).
Ecology: in secondary forest, along forest
edges, in swampy, mangrove and riverine
forest; on sandy, loamy, granitic and clayish
soil; at 0–760 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ
year round.
Uses: The wood is reported to be usable,
without indication of a purpose, and the
ȋ ϐ Ȍ
dyestuff (Burkill, 1997).
Vernacular name: Benin: Alové; :
Otchireda (Igbuira).
IUCN
conservation
status:
LC.
2
αʹǡ͵ͻǡ͵Ͳ ǡ αʹǡ͵ͷͻǡʹͲ 2,
αͳͶ ȋ αʹ ȌǤ
species is widely distributed in West Africa
inside as well as outside National Parks, from
the tropical to the dryer Sudanian savannah
Ǥ
represented in herbaria, reasons why the
category of Least Concern has been assigned.
Specimens examined:
A
ʹ
ͳ
E
3
Ǥͳʹ
F
B
C
ͳͶǤ Campylospermum glaberrimum. A.
Flowering branch. B. fruiting branch. C. Flowering branch with persistent sepals. . Fruiting
branch. E. Fruit. F. Flowering branch with open
ϐȋȌǤ ͳ & ʹ. Incumbent cotyledons. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
, ǣ (fr), Poisson s.n. (P); Atakora: Perma, Kouatena. 10°12.08’N 1°30.10’E. Alt: 454m, 21
February 2001 (st), Akoègninou 4258 (BENIN,WAG); Perma, 10°12.1’N 1°30.1’E. Alt: 454m, 21 October 2001
ȋϐǡȌǡAkoègninou 5575 (BENIN,WAG); Kouatena, 10 km NE of Perma, RNIE 6. Goldmine area. 10°11.78’N
1°30.01’E, 13 April 2001 (st), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 7563 (BENIN,WAG); Atlantique: Togbota, Agué, Issawémè.
ιͶ͵ǯʹιʹͶǯǡ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡHanon, L. 9 (BRLU); Togbota, Agué, Issawémè. 6°43’N 2°24’E, 20 November
2000 (st), Dan 157 (BR,BRLU); Togbota, Issawémè. 6°43’N 2°24’E, 29 August 2001 (st), Dan 532 (BRLU);
ZouǣǤιͷǤͶǯʹιͳͲǤʹͷǯǡ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAdomou 26 (BENIN,WAG); Bénin-Lokoli, Dohokpa. 7°02.89’N
ʹιͳǤͷͺǯǡ ʹʹ ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Dan 899 (BR); Lama. 6°59’N 2°12’E, 21 June 1998 (st), Akoègninou 1458
(BENIN,BR,IFAN,K,MO,WAG); Lama. 6°58’N 2°04’E, 30 July 1998 (st), Akoègninou 1798 (BENIN,BR,MO,WAG);
ǤιͷǯʹιͲͷǯǤǣͻǡͳ͵ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAdjakidjè 4814 (BENIN,WAG); Lama 6°58’N 2°05’E, 14
ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAdjakidjè 4844 (BENIN,WAG).
, ±ǣǡ ǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͶιͶͻǯǡʹʹͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 5260 (P); chutes
±ȋȌǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͶιͶͻǯǡʹʹͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 15290 (P); Leraba, Lera. 10°35.77’N
ͷιͳͺǤͺǯǤǣ͵͵ʹǡͳͷ ʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡSanou BUR 728 (CNSF,K); Houet: Bobo-Dioulasso. 11°11’N 4°18’W,
ͻ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡGeerling 1230 (WAG); Haute Volta. Bobo. Orodara. Koumi. 12°15.33’N 4°25.63’W, 14
ʹͲͲͺȋϐǡȌǡSanou BUR 659 (CNSF,K); ±±: Soukouraba. 10°51’N 5°11’W, 13 May 1899 (fr),
Chevalier, A.J.B. 880 (P); Soukouraba. 10°51’N 5°11’W, 13 May 1899 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 881 (P).
, Rio Muni, LitoralǣǤͳι͵ͷǯͻι͵ǯǡͳͻʹȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 812 (BM).
, ǣ ͳͷ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Farmar 368 (BM,K); Ashanti Region: N. Ashanti. 6°38’N
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳʹͺ
ͳιͲͶǯǡȋϐȌǡDalziel 43 (E,K); Brong-Ahafo Region: Fuller Waterfall, 300m, 8°05.0’N 1°47.7’W. Alt: 300m, 9
ͳͻͻͷȋϐǡȌǡJongkind 2114ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ǡǤͺιͲͷǯͳιͶǯǡ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡ
Vigne FH 2537 (FHO); Eastern RegionǣǤιͶͲǯͲιʹ͵ǯǡͳͶͳͻͳȋϐȌǡMorton,
J.K. A 4198 (K); Kwahu Nteso to Ankoma., 6°38’N 0°39’W, 17 January 1968 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 37503 (FHO,K);
Western RegionǣǤͷιͳ͵ǯʹιͶͷǯǡͶ ͳͻͳͳȋϐȌǡBrent 36 (K); Ankasa Game Reserve
following footpath right just after entrance going parallel to Ankasa R. 5°13’N 2°39’W. Alt: 100m, 19 March
ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡJongkind 2150ȋǡ ȌǢǦǤͶιͷͻǯʹι͵͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡHall, J.B. GC 35683
(FHO); Bui. 8°16’N 2°16’W, 24 July 1976 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 46229 (WAG).
, ±ǣ Ǥ ͳͳιͶͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤ ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Cordonnier 222 (BR); Kindia: French
ǣ Ǥͻιͷǯͳʹιͷǯǡͺͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡChillou 407 (BR,P); Monts Kakoulima. 9°46’N 13°27’W,
ͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡSchnell 2485ȋȌǢ ǤͻιͷǯͳʹιͷǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͶʹȋϐȌǡChillou 3490 (BR,P);
ǤʹͺǤͳͺǤ ǤͳͲιͲͶǯͳʹιͷͳǯǡ͵ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡRoberty 17784 (G); Mamou: Fouta-Djallon, bord du
±ǤͳͲιͳǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡͳͺͻ͵ȋϐȌǡParoisse 211 (P); ±±±: Mt Nimba, Nzo. 7°40’N 8°19’W, 20 April
ͳͻͶͷȋϐǡȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 146 (C,K,P,SERG,WAG).
IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ ±ǤͷιͳͷǯͶιͲͷǯǡʹͲͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡMiège s.n. (G); Petit Lahon. 5°07’N
ͷιͳǯǡ ͳͺͻͷȋϐȌǡPobéguin (Ivory Coast series) 28 (P); Rocher de Brafouédi, near Bécédi, on the road
Ǥͷι͵ͻǯͶι͵ͶǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹ͵ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡKoning, J. de 66 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); 8 km west
ǡǤͷιͳ͵ǯ͵ιͶͺǯǡʹͺͳͻͻȋϐȌǡVersteegh 146 (WAG);
ǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͷͳǯǤǣͳͲǡ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡKoning, J. de 219
ȋǡǡ ȌǢǦǡ Ǥͷιͳǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡOldeman,
R.A.A. 239 (WAG); I.R.H.O. (cocos cultivation) 20 km W of Grand Bassam; near the beach, between Port Bouet and
Ǥͷιͳǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 350 (K,WAG,Z); Forêt du Banco. 5°24.50’N
ͶιͲͶǤͲͲǯǡʹͷͳͻͺȋϐȌǡKnecht 445ȋ ȌǢ ǤͷιʹͶǯͶιͲͷǯǡͳͺͳͻͷȋϐȌǡFrédoux
536ȋ ȌǢ±ǡ°ǤͷιͳͻǯͶιͲͺǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋȌǡKnecht
686ȋ ȌǢǤͷιͳǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡAké Assi 2257 (P); Abouabou, between Abidjan and
Ǥͷιͳǯ͵ιͷͶǯǤǣʹǡ ͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡLeeuwenberg 2344 (B,C,COI,FHO,K,UPS,WAG);
ͳͷͲǤͷιͳͷǯ͵ιͷͷǯǡͷ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡHédin, L. 2552 (P); near Brafovédi, 75 km
NW of Abidjan. 5°37’N 4°35’W. Alt: 100m, 24 April 1959 (fr), Leeuwenberg 3336 (BR,FHO,K,WAG); Abouabou.
ͷιͳǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡAké Assi 3424ȋȌǢ Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡ
Koning, J. de 3465 (BR,C,E,G,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Abouabou. 5°17’N 3°52’W, 22 November 1955 (fr), Aké Assi
3808ȋȌǢ ǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͶͷǯǡ ͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡSchnell 3953 (P); Aubouin (Lagune d’Abidjan).
5°15’N 4°11’W, 24 August 1955 (fr), Wit, H.C.D. de 5601 (WAG); near Grand Bassam, NW along road to Aboisso.
ͷιͳ͵ǯ ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡ ͳʹ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 5966 (B,C,K,S,US,WAG); Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N 4°07’W, 14
ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡFarron 7025 (P); In nemore banco tuto, Abidjanii vicinioribus. 5°23’N 4°03’W, 21 February
ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡBernardi, L. 8079ȋ ǡȌǢǡ²ǯǤͷιͳͻǯͶιͲͳǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡWit,
H.C.D. de 9014ȋ ȌǢǡͷ Ǥͷιͳ͵ǯ͵ιͶͶǯǡ͵ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡRaynal, J. 13569
ȋǡ ǡȌǢǡͳͶǤǡͷιͳͺǯͶιͲͻǯǡ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡRaynal, J. 13631 (BR,P,WAG); Banco.
ͷιʹͶǯͶιͲͷǯǡͳͻ ͳͻȋϐȌǡAké Assi 13778ȋ ȌǢ Ǥͷιͳʹǯ͵ιͶͶǯǡ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡ
Chevalier, A.J.B. 33077ȋȌǢ ǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͷʹǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡChevalier,
A.J.B. 34249 (P); Aboisso: Botanical Reserve Nganda Nganda, 5 km south of Adiaké. 5°12’N 3°26’W. Alt: 30m,
ʹʹͳͻͲȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 354 (MO,WAG); ±ǣ±Ǥιͳʹǯ͵ι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier,
A.J.B. 17570 (LY); Bounaǣ Ǥ ͻιͳͶǯ ͵ιͶͳǯǡ ͳʹ ͳͻ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Geerling 201
ȋǡ ȌǢ±ǡ ±ǡ± Ǥͺι͵ǯ͵ιͷǯǡͶ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡGautier,
L. 781ȋǡ ȌǢ ϐ ± ǤͺιͶͻǯ͵ιͶͺǯǡ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡ
Geerling 1966ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ϐ ±ǤͺιͶͺǯ͵ιͶǯǡʹʹ
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡGeerling 2632 (WAG); P.N. Comoé, Gansé. Ravin de Gansé, 8°40’N 3°54’W, 28 June 1990 (fr), Poilecot
3114 ȋ ȌǢ ǤǤ ± Ǥ ͺιͶͷǯ ͵ι͵ͷǯǡ ͷ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Poilecot 3142 (G); ±: Tiapleu. 7°25’N
8°15’W, 7 March 1968 (st), Aké Assi 10000 (K); : rivière Kan. 6°38’N 4°46’W, 3 May 1971 (fr), Audru
3951 (P); Grand-Lahouǣ ǤͷιͲͺǯͷιͲͳǯǡ ͳͺͻͷȋϐȌǡPobéguin (Ivory Coast series) 227
ȋȌǢǤͷιͳ͵ǯͷιʹͶǯǡͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡBégué SF 3153 (P); Issia: Rock d’Issia. 6°32’N 6°40’W, 24 August
1956 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 431ȋ ȌǢ Ǥιʹͻǯι͵ͷǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡRoberty 13828 (G); Issia.
6°29’N 6°35’W, 11 December 1954 (fr), Roberty 15957 (G); Boka d’Issia. 6°29’N 6°35’W, 14 February 1951
ȋϐȌǡRoberty 19847 (G); KorhogoǣͷͲǤͻιͳ͵ǯͷιʹͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡVersteegh
537 (WAG); ±ǣ±ǤǯǤ±Ǥιͳ͵ǤͲͲǯͷιͲͳǤ͵͵ǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͻʹȋϐǡȌǡ
Bänninger 61ȋ ǡ ȌǢǤιͳ͵ǤͷͲǯͷιͲͳǤͲͲǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡChatelain 85 (G,LAMTO); Réserve
3.7 Materials and Methods
ǡǯǤ±Ǥιͳ͵ǯͷιͲͳǯǡʹʹͳͻͻʹȋϐǡȌǡBänninger 29651 (G); Réserve de Lamto.
6°13.00’N 5°01.33’W, January 1972 (st), Spichiger 72/ 271 (CSRS,G,LAMTO); Ǧ±: near Sékré 15 km
±±ǤͶιͶͲǯιͶͺǯǡͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡOldeman, R.A.A. 541 (K,MO,WAG); Sassandra: Nahoua
sacred waterfalls and rapids in the Sassandra River 2 km W.N.W. of Soubré. 5°47’N 6°39’W, 27 November 1961
ȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3321ȋǡ ȌǢǤͶιͷͺǯιͲͷǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 16336
(P); ±ǣǡ±ǤͷιͶǯι͵ǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19105 (P); Soubré. 5°47’N
ι͵ǯǡ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡRoberty 19769 (G); Tabou: E of Tabou. 4°25’N 7°20’W. Alt: 10m, 3 September
ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡBeentje 849 (MO,UCJ,WAG); Right bank of the Hana River, near the crossing of this river with
ǦǤͷιʹʹǯιͳͺǯǡͳʹ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3612 (B,K,WAG); embouchure du
±ǤͶιʹʹǯι͵ͳǯǡͳͳͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19917 (P); Toumodi: Oroumba Boka.
ιʹʹǯͶιͷͶǯǡ͵ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 619 (WAG); Orumbo-Boka. 6°23’N 4°53’W, 15 February
1963 (fr), Portères 743ȋȌǢǤιʹ͵ǯͶιͷ͵ǯǡʹͲͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 4812 (P); Assakra. 6°22’N
Ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ͵ͲͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 5777ȋ ȌǢǦǤιʹʹǯͶιͷ͵ǯǡͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡ
Schnell 6479 (K,P); Vavouaǣ ǤǤ Ǧǡǡ± ʹͺǤιͲǯιͲͲǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡ
Kouamé 1482 (CSRS,G); ±ǣͳͷǤ±ǤιʹͷǯιͲʹǯǡͺ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡRoberty 6834
(G).
LIBERIA, Bomi Hills: Jenne, bank of Loffa River., 6°36’N 10°53’W, January 1921 (fr), Bequaert 30 (K); Bong:
12 May 1946 (fr), Harley, W.J. 1409 (WAG); Grand Gedeh: Tchien, Mim Timber Co (Fijnhout), along Cavally
Ǥ ιͳǯ ͺιͳͳǯǤ ǣ ʹͷͲǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Koning, J. de 477 (BR,MO,WAG); Right bank Cavally
ǡ ÃǤ ͷιͷͲǯ ιʹǯǤ ǣ ͳʹͲǡ ͺ ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐȌǡ Leeuwenberg 3002 (FHO,K,WAG); Lofa:
ǡ ǦǡǤǤιʹͲǯͻιʹͺǯǡʹͲ ͳͻȋϐȌǡBos, J.J.
2485ȋ ǡ ȌǢ ǤιʹǤͳǯͳͲιͶͳǤͷǯǡʹͻʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡJongkind 6993 (WAG); Maryland: Cape
ǤͶιʹʹǯιͶ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲͺȋϐȌǡDinklage 2372 (B); Maryland Co. 4°22’N 7°43’W, 14 June 1947
ȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 5979 (K); Montserrado: Banks of farmington River. 6°20’N 10°18’W, 23 December 1943 (fr),
Bequaert 6 (K); 6 miles N of Bomi Hills, along Maher river, near Bomi Hills Summer Camp. 6°56’N 10°45’W,
30 January 1971 (st), Goll 94 (MO,SL,WAG); Boporo district. 6°18’N 10°23’W, 18 December 1947 (fr), Baldwin
jr 10695 (K,US); Sino: Krahn Bassa Forest. 5°45’N 8°55’W, 30 January 1964 (st), Harten 285 (WAG); Sapo
ǤͷιͳͻǤʹǯͺιͶͻǤͳǯǤǣͳͲͷǡͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9348 (MO,WAG).
MALI, Koulikoroǣ Ǥ ͳʹιͳǯ ͺιͶͶǯǤ ǣ ͵ͳǡ ʹͲ ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐȌǡ Birnbaum 1343
(BRLU,IFAN,P); Sikassoǣͳͳιͳ͵ǯͷιͷͷǯǤǣͶͲͲǡͳͷ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLaferrère 33 (K); Sirakoro. 11°13’N
ͷιͷͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡLaferrère 158ȋȌǢ Ǥͳͳιͳǯͷι͵ͳǯǡʹʹͳͺͻͻȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B.
770ȋȌǢǡ ǡ ϐ±ǤͳͳιͳͷǯͷιʹǯǡʹͲͳͻͶȋϐȌǡ
Demange, R. 2229ȋȌǢǤͳͳιͲͲǯͺιͳͷǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡRoberty 7115 (G,Z).
, ǣǤ ͳͻͳͳȋϐȌǡYates, C.C. s.n.ȋȌǢʹ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡHead, D.
30ȋȌǢǤǤȋϐȌǡRosevear 30/ 97 (FHO); Abeokuta: Eggua Forest Reserve. 7°30’N 2°54’E, April 1946
(fr), Taiwo FHI 15018 (K,P); Bauchi State: near the brige 3 miles east of Jemaa. Sanga River Forest Reserve.
ͳͲιͲͳǯͳͳι͵ǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡJones, E.W. s.n. (FHO); Yankari Game Reserve, Barkono Pass. 9°45’N
ͳͲι͵ͲǯǡͳʹͳͻͳȋϐȌǡGeerling 3537 (WAG); Benue State: N. Nigeria, Abinsi. 7°45’N 8°45’E, 1912 (fr),
Dalziel s.n.ȋ ǡȌǢǡϐ ǤιͷͲǯιͶͲǯǡȋȌǡJohnstone, A.T. K 12 (FHO);
ǣ ǡͷι͵͵ǯι͵͵ǯǡͳͺͷȋϐǡȌǡBarter 1642 (K); Edo State: Nikrowa. 6°16’N 5°20’E, 21 March
ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡRoss, R. 122 (BM); Okomu Forest Reserve, Compartiment No. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 28 February 1948
ȋϐȌǡBrenan 9186 (BM,FHO,K); Kaduna State: Northern Nigeria, Allowa Zaria Prov. 11°40’N 7°42’E, February
ͳͻͲͺȋϐȌǡDalziel 428ȋȌǢ ǡǤͳͲιͳͲǯͻιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡVaillant, A. 2790 (K);
͵Ǥ ǯȋǤȌǤͻιʹͺǯͺιʹ͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡJackson, J.A.D. FHI 18103 (K); 12
ǡǦ Ǥȋ ȌǤͳͲιʹͲǯιͶͷǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡJackson, J.A.D. FHI 20523 (K);
Kogi Stateǣǡǡ ǤͺιͲͶǯιͶǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͲͷȋϐǡȌǡElliott, W.R. 221
ȋȌǢϐǤιͷͲǯιͶͲǯǡȋϐȌǡJohnstone, A.T. FHI 3272 (K,P); Kabba Province, along the motor road
ǤιͶͺǯιͷͷǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI 36946 (FHO,K); Kabba Province,
ϐǤǤͺιͲͲǯιͷͲǯǡʹͶ
ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI 38407 (FHO,K); Lagos StateǣǤιʹǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡͳͺͺ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Moloney s.n. (K); Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E, 1867 (fr), Bates, G.L. s.n. (K); W. Lagos. 6°27’N 3°24’E, August 1890
ȋϐȌǡRowland s.n.ȋǡȌǢǤιʹǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡFoster, E.W. 22 (K,P); Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E, 15
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFoster, E.W. 50ȋȌǢ ǡǤιʹǯ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͺͻʹȋϐȌǡMillen 53 (K); Lagos.
ιʹǯ ͵ιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Foster, E.W. 87 (K,P); Federal, left of the road from College of Technology to
Ǥι͵͵ǯ͵ιʹʹǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡKillick, H.J. 260 (K); Nigeria anglais: Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E,
3
Ǥͳʹͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳ͵Ͳ
ȋϐȌǡHagerup 778ȋȌǢ ǤιʹͲǯ͵ιʹͷǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡDalziel 1035
(K); ǣ ǡͲ Ǥͺιͷ͵ǯͺιͳǯǤǣ͵ǡ ͳͻʹͺȋϐǡȌǡThornewill
45ȋȌǢǡ ǤͺιͶǯͺιʹͲǯǤǣͳͲǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐǡȌǡHepburn, I.D. 94 (K); : Niger
ǡ Ǥǡ ǤͻιͳͻǯιͲͳǯǤǣ͵ʹͲǡͳͷ ͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡOnochie FHI 40154
ȋ ǡȌǢ Ǧ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ͻι͵ǯ ι͵͵ǯǡ ͳ ͳͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Eimunjeze FHI
66386 (K); Ogun StateǣǤι͵ǯͶιʹͲǯǡȋϐȌǡKennedy, J.D. 2010 (FHO); Shasha Forest Reserve, Akilla.
ιͲͷǯ Ͷι͵Ͳǯǡ ʹ ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Richards, P.W. 3020 (BM); Shasha Forest Reserve. 7°05’N 4°30’E, 3
ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡRichards, P.W. 3420ȋȌǢͳȀʹǤǤǤιʹͷǯ͵ι͵ʹǯǡ
ʹͻͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡTamajong FHI 14340 (K); On line 4, near Etemi enclave village. 6°53’N 4°38’E, 3 April
ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 16834ȋ ǡȌǢ ǤǤȋ ȌǤι͵ǯ͵ι͵ͳǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡ
Ejiofor FHI 32025 (K); Omo Forest Reserve. 7°00’N 4°15’E, 14 May 1974 (fr), Adebusuyi FHI 67020 (P); Ondo
Stateǣ ǤιʹͶǯͶι͵Ͳǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡRoss, R. 101 (BM); Owo Forest Reserve 2 miles N of
ǤιͲͷǯͷιʹʹǯǡͳͺͳͻͶ͵ȋϐȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 3475 (FHO); Owo Forest Reserve. 7°10’N 5°39’E,
ͷͳͻͶ͵ȋϐȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 3570ȋ ȌǢǤιͳʹǯͷιͳͲǯǡ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡGbile FHI 20578
ȋȌǢ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ιͲͷǯ Ͷι͵Ͳǯǡ ͺ ͳͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Emwiogbon FHI 43950 (FHO,K,WAG);
Oyo State: Ibadan. 7°23’N 3°54’E, 3 February 1963 (fr), Head, D. 118 (K); Oba Hills near the Reserve (West
State, Oyo District). 7°45’N 4°10’E, 23 December 1971 (st), Wit, P. 1071 (FHI,K,WAG); Ibuya, Upper Ogun
Ǥ ͺιʹͶǯ ͵ιͶǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Geerling 3717 (MO,WAG); Ijaiye-Lanlate F.R. boundary
Ǥι͵ǯ͵ιʹǯǡͳ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡKeay FHI 21167 (K); Gurara
falls (Minna). 9°05’N 7°32’E, 17 May 1973 (fr), Adebusuyi FHI 66386 (WAG); Plateau State: Jemaa, 50 miles
ǤͳͲιͳͲǯͻιʹͷǯǤǣʹǡ ͳͻͷͷȋϐǡȌǡMcClintock, A.A. 189 (K); Kwarra, Plateau
ͳͲͲǤͻι͵ͲǯͺιͶʹǯǡ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡWimbush FHI 41821 (FHO); Rivers State: Nkpokum,
ǤͶιͶǯιͲͳǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡStubbings 134 (K); Port Harcourt (Nkpoku). 4°46’N 7°01’E,
December 1957 (fr), Stubbings 167 (K); Taraba Stateǣ ǤιͶͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͶ ͳͻͷͶȋϐǡȌǡ
Latilo FHI 28819 (FHO,K).
ǣ ȋϐȌǡ Afzelius, A. s.n. ȋȌǢ ȋϐȌǡ Warner 11 (K); : Makumri. 9°02’N
ͳʹιͶͻǯǤǣͳͲǡͳͷ ͳͻͳͺȋϐǡȌǡThomas, N.W. 509 (K); Southern Sula Mountains, south of Bumbuna,
Rokel river near village Kabumba. 9°01.16’N 11°49.08’W. Alt: 115m, 9 March 2010 (st), Burgt, X.M. van der
1454 (FBC,K,SL,WAG); Bunduna. 9°03’N 11°44’W, 26 January 1939 (fr), Deighton 3600 (K,P); c. 2 km north of
ǤͻιͲǯͳͳιͶ͵ǯǤǣͳͶǡʹ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡHawthorne 206a 796 (FHO); Southern Province:
Njala. 8°06’N 12°05’W, 12 July 1951 (fr), Deighton 5557 (K); Njala. 8°06’N 12°05’W, 23 July 1951 (st), Deighton
5567 (K).
TOGO, CentreǣǤͻιͳͷǯͲιͶǯǡͶͳͻͺͶȋϐȌǡLock, J.M.
84/ 68 (K).
Key literature: Akoègninou et al. (2006), Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind
(2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954).
Campylospermum glaucifolium Biss.
Blumea 58: 5 (2013). – Type: J.J. de Wilde et al. 10165 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV!),
Gabon, Estuaire, 1 km W of Nkan, along the road from Assok to Méla, 0°40’N, 10°19’E,
January 23rd, 1991.
Treelet up to 2 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules caducous,
2–3 mm long. Leaf: ȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌ, canaliculate above; leaf blade narrowly
elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, ͳ͵ȂʹͷȋȂ͵ͲȌ ͶȂȋȂͺȌ , ratio ͵ǤͺȂͶǤ, base
cuneate, apex acuminate, leathery to coriaceous, not bullate, margin serrulate, upper
surface glossy, dark green but turning glaucous when dry, lower surface pale green,
young leaves reddish; venation: midrib generally prominent on both sides, main lateral
veins 14–16 on either side, 10–15 mm apart, slightly prominent above, prominent
below, curved upward to run parallel to the margin, tertiary venation scalariform,
3.7 Materials and Methods
running perpendicular to the midrib thus causing the formation of a decreasing series
of intermediate lateral veins, indistinct above, distinct below. ϔ terminal,
pendulous, branched or unbranched, lax, its main axis (9–)15–33 cm long; peduncle
slender; racemes 0–2(–3), 3–6(–10) cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of
peduncle; bracts caducous, triangular, c. 2–3 mm long; cymules 0.5–1(–1.5) cm apart,
ͳȂͶǦϐǤFlower: pedicel 3–12 mm, articulated at 1–3 mm from the base; sepals
ǡϐȂʹȂ͵ǡǦǡͺȂͻ͵ȂͶǡǢ
obovate, 7–9 x 4–5 mm, shortly clawed at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers
5–6 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm wide; style 6–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 3 mm wide,
red; drupelets 1–4 well developed per receptacle, reniform7–10 x 6–8 mm, black at
maturity; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size.
Notes: This species resembles C. calanthum (Gilg) Farron, but differs by its glaucous
ȋȌǡǡϐ
carries 0–2(–3) racemes.
Distributionǣ ȋ Ȍǡ
Republic of the Congo (Niari; see Map ͳͷ).
ͳͷ: Distribution of Campylospermum glaucifolium
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, on creek banks and along swampy areas; at
50–1000 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ ǡ ǡ Ǣ
March to May and in August.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹǡͺ͵2ǡαʹ͵ǡͳͷ2ǡ αͳͻȋ
αͷ ȌǤ ǡ Ǧ ǡ
3
Ǥͳ͵ͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
distribution and hence its EOO and AOO are comparatively large, and above the IUCN
thresholds. Therefore, the category of ‘Least Concern’ seems most appropriate here.
Specimens examined:
3
Ǥͳ͵ʹ
, South Provinceǣǡ±ǡ° ǤʹιͷǯͻιͷͶǯǡʹ
1970 (st), Farron 7156 (P).
ȋ Ȍ, : route Malinga-Divénié, 4 km du village Mollo. 2°29.64’S 12°09.61’E. Alt:
480m, 13 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1326 (LBV,WAG).
, Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Mundung ‘Les 4 montagnes’. 1°38’N 10°11’E. Alt: 1000m, 8
January 2003 (fr), Desmet, G. 242 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͳιͶͲǯ ͳͲιͳǯǡ ͵Ͳ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡ
Ngomo 418ȋȌǢǣ ±ǣǡ Ǥͳι͵͵ǯ
10°12’E, 13 May 1999 (fr), Pérez Viso 1139 (MA); Monts de Cristal. 10 km ENE d’Okuamkos. 1°10’N 10°16’E,
ͳʹ ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐȌǡ Wilks 1796 (LBV,WAG); Parc National de Monte Alen, 11 km à l’Est de la cabaña de
Mosumo., 1°36.4’N 10°08.5’E, 12 July 2003 (st), Senterre 4122 (BRLU).
, Estuaire: Crystal Mountains, 1 km W of Nkan, along the road Assok-Méla. 0°40’N 10°19’E. Alt:
ͷͲǡʹ͵ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 10165 (WAG); Crystal Mountains, 25 km on the road Tchimbélé±±Ǥ Ͳι͵ͳǯ ͳͲιͳͺǯǤ ǣ ͵Ͳǡ ʹ ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10257 (LBV,WAG); Moyen±: Mabounié, forest area south of camp. 0°45.98’S 10°32.62’E. Alt: 62m, 7 May 2012 (fr), Bidault 489
(BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, rive nord de la rivière Ngounié.
ͲιͶͷǤͻͷǯ ͳͲι͵ʹǤͷͷǯǤ ǣ Ͷͻǡ ͵ ʹͲͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Bidault 1047 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±: route
Malinga-Rebé. 2°23.07’S 12°03.35’E. Alt: 489m, 14 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1343 (LBV,WAG); Sindara,
après village Matadi 7 route exploitation forestière EGG (ancien IFL). 1°02.26’S 10°42.47’E. Alt: 49m, 22 June
2011 (st), Bissiengou 1436 (LBV,WAG); route chantier Leroy Massika entre Mouila et Yeno. 1°40’S 11°15’E.
Alt: 600m, 27 April 1989 (fr), Louis, A.M. 3058 (LBV,WAG); upper Waka area, 13 km on IFL forestry road
B2. 1°20.5’S 10°52.2’E. Alt: 180m, 31 March 2004 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 5192 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 51 km on the
road Mouila to Yeno. 1°43.16’S 11°20.40’E. Alt: 595m, 6 March 2013 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7103 (WAG); ±Ǧ
Ivindo: Chantier Koumameyong. Côté rivière-Marécage à raphia. 0°31’N 11°55’E, March 1987 (fr), Dibata
117ȋǡ ȌǢǦ ±ǡʹͷ °ǯ ± ǤͲιͳͳǤͶʹǯ
11°50.05’E. Alt: 251m, 6 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1056 (LBV,WAG); ±Ǧ: old logging road
ǤʹιͲǤǯͳͲιʹͶǤͻͷǯǤǣʹͳͲǡʹʹʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡValkenburg
3162 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Ǧ: Crystal mountains, 5½ km NNE of Tchimbélé. 0°40’N 10°25’E. Alt:
ͷͶͲǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 500 (BR,C,LBV,MO,PRE,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, piste après
la case picnic sur la droite. 0°37’N 10°24’E, 13 February 2010 (st), Bissiengou 961 (LBV,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013).
Campylospermum glaucum (Tiegh.) Farron
Ǥͳͷ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 397 (1965). – Exomicrum glaucum Tiegh., Ann. Sci.
Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Zenker 1647 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!,
K(2x)!, P!, S!,WAG!, Z!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1898.
Exomicrum membranaceum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Zenker 1030 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1898.
Monelasmum brachybotrys (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903).
– Ouratea brachybotrys Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 270 (1904). – Lectotype (designated
here): Zenker 2180a (holotype: K!; isotype: E!, G!, LY!), Cameroon, Bipinde.
Ouratea bella ǤƬǡǤϐǤǤʹͳǣ͵ȋͳͻʹͷȌǤǡǤǤ
Treelet up to 8 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules persistent,
triangular, ͵ȂͶ . Leaf: petiole 5–7(–10) mm long; leaf blade narrowly
elliptic-obovate to narrowly elliptic, ȋȂȌͳͳȂʹͲȋȂʹ͵Ȍ ȋʹǤͷȂȌͶȂͷȋȂȌ cm, ratio
3.7 Materials and Methods
ʹȂ͵Ǥͺ, base cuneate or sometimes rounded, apex acute to acuminate or sometimes
tapering, papyraceous, not bullate, margin serrulate to subentire, glaucous on the
upper surfaceǢǣϐ above, prominent beneath,
main lateral veins (7–)10–18 on either side, ȂʹͲȋ–25) mm apart, ϐ
prominent on both sides, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to
run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 2–3 in between each pair of main
laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on
both sides. ϔ terminal, erect to erecto-patent, branched, dense, its main
axis ȋͳȂȌʹȂͶȋȂȌ long; pairwise scales few, persistent at the base of the peduncle;
bracts persistent, sometimes leaving a conspicuous scar, triangular, 1–2 mm long;
ͳȂ͵, (1–)2–3 cm long; cymules ʹȂͷ ǡ ͳȂȋȂͺȌǦϐǤ Flower:
pedicel ȂͳͲȋȂͳʹȌ, articulated at 2–4 mm from the base; sepals ovate, 5–7
ͳǤͷȂ͵ϐǡͻȂͳͲ͵ȂͷǡǦϐǡǢ
petals ǡȂ͵ȂͶ, base cuneate to truncate, apex emarginate; stamens:
anthers 3.5–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style persistent in fruit, 4–5 mm long.
Fruitǣ Ǥͳ ϐǡ͵ͷǡǢͳʹ
developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to slightly reniform, 7–10 x 4–5 mm; cotyledons
incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: C. glaucum is characterized by its glaucous upper leaf surface. This is reminescent
of those sometimes encountered in C. glaucifolium which is, however, easily distinguished
ǡϐ Ǥ
The name Ouratea brachybotrys was published with several syntypes. Zenker 2180a has
been designated as lectotype because it represents fruiting material and duplicates are
distributed in 4 herbaria.
Distributionǣǡǡ ǡ ǡ
Gabon and Republic of the Congo (Map ͳ).
Ecology: in primary, secondary forest, understorey of open forest, swampy and
periodically inundated forest, riparian forest and forest edges near rivers; at 40-1100
m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǢǡǡ
and from January to May.
Vernacular name: Gabon: Avom.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͵ͶǡͻͲͲ2ǡαͳͺͺǡͺͺͲ2ǡ αͷͶȋ
αͺȌǤ
inside National Parks such as Moukalaba-Doudou, Loango, Lope, Ivindo and Minkebe,
ǡ ǡǦ
Ǥ Ǥǡ
of Least Concern has been assigned.
3
Ǥͳ͵͵
3
Ǥͳ͵Ͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
B
A
C
E
ͳͷǤ Campylospermum glaucum. A. Flowering branch. B. Flower bud. C. Style. . Receptacle with stamens. E. Stamens. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum glaucum
3.7 Materials and Methods
Specimens examined:
, Central ProvinceǣǤ͵ι͵Ǥǯͳͳι͵ͶǤǯǡͳͲ ʹͲͲͶȋϐǡȌǡ
Nana, F. 62ȋǡ ȌǢͳʹǤ͵ι͵ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤǣͲͲǡʹʹ ʹͲͲͶȋϐǡȌǡDarbyshire,
I.A. 183ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢʹǤ͵ι͵ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤǣͲͲǡʹʹ ʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡDarbyshire, I.A. 198
ȋǡǡǡ ǡȌǢʹǤ͵ι͵ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤǣͲͲǡʹʹ ʹͲͲͶȋϐǡȌǡDarbyshire, I.A. 199
ȋǡ ǡȌǢͳʹǤ͵ι͵ǯͳͳι͵͵ǯǤǣͺͲǡʹͷ ʹͲͲͶȋϐǡȌǡDarbyshire, I.A. 255
(K,WAG,YA); Ndahgan 1, Mefou National park, West of big chimpanze enclosing. 3°37’N 11°35’E. Alt: 700m, 29
ʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡTadjouteu 612 (K,SCA,WAG,YA); colline Nkolfee dans le massif Mbaminkom. 3°59’N 11°24’E.
ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Dang 664 (P); 33 km N. of Eséka, near the road Yaoundé-Douala. 3°51’N
10°35’E, 22 December 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1616 (WAG); 8 km SW of Makak. Reserve forestière des
Eaux et Forêts. 3°30’N 11°05’E. Alt: 650m, 27 March 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2233 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA);
Ǥ ͵ι͵ǯ ͳͳι͵Ͷǯǡ ʹͶ ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐȌǡ Onana 2821 (K,WAG); along a footpath heading
Ǥ͵ιͶʹǤʹǯͳͳιͳͶǤͺͲǯǤǣͺͷǡʹͷ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 5800 (WAG,YA);
Ototomo Reserve 40 km de Yaoundé sur la route de Kribi. 3°40’N 11°20’E, 5 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7267 (P);
Ototomo Reserve 40 km de Yaoundé sur la route de Kribi. 3°40’N 11°20’E, 26 May 1970 (fr), Farron 7345 (P);
ͳǤ͵ι͵Ǥͷǯͳͳι͵ͶǤͻǯǤǣͳͲǡͻ ʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡCheek 11551 (K WAG,YA); Ndangan I to
Ndangan II. 3°37.2’N 11°35.1’E. Alt: 710m, 10 March 2004 (fr), Cheek 11652 (K,MO,SCA,WAG,YA); Eastern part
of park, West of Ndangan I. 3°38’N 11°35’E. Alt: 710m, 18 March 2004 (fr), Cheek 11829 (K,WAG,YA); Littoral:
50 km NW. of Eséka, W. of Yaoundé. On opposite of the Kelè river. 3°50’N 10°27’E. Alt: 100m, 21 November
1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1261 (MO,WAG); 50 km NW. of Eséka, W. of Yaoundé. On opposite of the Kelè river.
3°50’N 10°27’E. Alt: 100m, 22 November 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1284 (MO,WAG); 40 km NW. of Eséka,
W. of Yaoundé. 3°51’N 10°32’E, 12 December 1963 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1421 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ
°ǡʹͲȋ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤȌǤͶιʹͲǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹʹ ͳͻʹ
ȋϐȌǡLetouzey 11056 (K,P); South Province: Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, (fr), Zenker s.n. (FHO); Bipindi. 3°05’N
ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡZenker s.n. (FHO); Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E, (fr), Zenker s.n.ȋ ȌǢǡϐǤǡ
͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡZenker 4 (B,C,HUH,WAG); 10km south of Mekalat. Between Mekalat and Lolodorf. Wijma
concession: Chantier 1222, Block I2. 3°06’N 10°44’E. Alt: 400m, 20 March 1996 (fr), Mutsaers 7 (WAG); 5 km
ǢǤ͵ιͲ͵ǯͳͲιʹͻǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡGemerden 18 (WAG);
ϐǤ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ȋȌǡZenker 263ȋǡȌǢϐǤ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡZenker
263ȋǡ ȌǢϐǤǡ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡZenker 264 (B,HUH,WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E,
1896 (fr), Zenker 1030 (BM,E,G); route Kribi-Bipindi, environ 2 km avant Bipindi. 3°04.38’N 10°22.94’E.
Alt: 79m, 30 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1248 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga
environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.3’N 10°25.1’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1255 (LBV,WAG,YA);
͵Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǤǣͳʹͲǡͳ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡManning, S.D. 1396
(MO,WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1898 (fr), Zenker 1647 (BM,E,G,K,S,W,Z); 15 km South of Ebolowa.
2°50’N 11°10’E, 29 February 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 2008 (BR,P,WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, (fr),
Zenker 2180 (E,G,K,LY); Campo-Ma’an area, Nyabizan, Forest around the Bongola river. 2°24.4’N 10°23.5’E.
ǣͶͲͲǡ͵Ͳ ʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2677ȋ ǡ ǡȌǢ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡZenker
2830 (BM,G,K,S,W,WAG,Z); Campo-Ma’an area, Bibambivoto, 500m along transect T4 in the Campo area.
ʹιͳͶǤͶǯͳͲιͲͷǤͺǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͳʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2965 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet.
͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻͲͺ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker 3733 ȋǡǡǡ ǡǡȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻͳʹ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker
4349 (BM,COI,E,K,LY,S,W,Z); Station du Cacaoyer de N’koemvone, S. of Ebolowa, 14 km on the road to Ambam.
Along the Seng river. 2°49’N 11°08’E, 28 August 1974 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7437 (BR,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA);
Station du Cacaoyer de N’koemvone, S. of Ebolowa, 14 km on the road to Ambam. 2°49’N 11°08’E, 16 October
1974 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7648 (MO,WAG,YA); Nloubessa Boulou, 60 km ESE d’Ebolowa sur route de Mvangan.
ͳȀʹͲͲ ͲͲͲǤ ʹιͶǯ ͳͳιͶͲǯǡ ʹʹ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Letouzey 9892 (BR,K); Ma’an forest between
ǤʹιͳͲǤͻǯͳͲι͵ͶǤͺǯǤǣͶͶͲǡͷ ʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡTchouto Mbatchou NSEX
270 (WAG); Mvini, forest in the Campo area along transect T6. 2°16.2’N 10°11.0’E. Alt: 200m, 14 September
ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou T6X 31 (WAG); South-West Province: Rumpi Hills near Dikome Balue. 4°54.05’N
ͻιͳǤʹͲǯǤǣͳͳͲͳǡʹͳʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡDessein 2683 (BR,WAG,YA).
ȋ Ȍ, : Massif du Chaillu, Nord E. de Divenié, 4 km de Moukoudi sur la route de
ǤʹιʹͻǯͳͳιͷǯǡͳͻͷȋϐȌǡSita 3936 (P); SanghaǣϐǤͳι͵ǯͳιͲ͵ǯǡ
ͳͺͻͻȋϐȌǡSchlechter, F.R.R. 12719 (BM,K,LY).
, Rio Muniǣ Ǧǣ Ǧ Ǥ ʹʹ ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Tessmann 804
ȋȌǢ Ǧǣ Ǧ Ǥ ʹʹ ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Tessmann 828 (K); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Centro
3
Ǥͳ͵ͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳ͵
Ǥ ±ǣǤ ͳι͵ͶǯͳͲιͳʹǯǡ͵ͳͻͻͺȋϐǡȌǡPérez Viso 526
(MA); Rio Muni, Litoralǣ± ǡ±ǤͳιͳǯͻιʹǯǡͳͻͻȋϐȌǡEneme
Efua 155 ȋȌǢ ǡ ± °Ǥ ͳιʹǯ ͻι͵ʹǯǡ ʹͻ ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Eneme Efua 460
ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǧǣ Ǧ ǣ Ǥ ʹιͳͻǯ ͻιͶͺǯǡ ͷ ͳͻͲͺ ȋϐȌǡ Tessmann
529 (K); ǡ : West-Afrika: Spanisch-Guinea:Nkolentangan. 1°55’N 10°45’E, 15 February
ͳͻͲͺȋϐȌǡTessmann 201ȋȌǢ± ǡ ȋǤȌǤͳιͳ͵ǯͳͳιͲͳǯǡʹʹ
ͳͻͻͺȋϐǡȌǡNguema Miyono 282 (BRLU); West-Afrika: Spanisch-Guinea: Nkolentangan. 1°55’N 10°45’E, 25
ͳͻͲͺȋϐȌǡTessmann 302 (K); West-Afrika: Spanisch-Guinea:Nkolentangan. 1°55’N 10°45’E, 29 March
ͳͻͲͺȋϐȌǡTessmann 319 (K).
, EstuaireǣǤͲιͲͳǯͻιͶͺǯǤǣͶǡʹͳͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡThomson, A.P. 7 (K); Ekouk, piste
du Lac de Nguen. 0°08’S 10°23’E, 29 September 1983 (fr), Floret 1556 (LBV,MA,WAG); Ǧ±:
Mabounié. 0°47.47’S 10°29.88’E, 5 November 2012 (fr), Boupoya-Mapikou 839 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG);
Mabounié, between the entry of mine concession and the Ngounié. 0°50.05’S 10°27.78’E. Alt: 63m, 10 May
ʹͲͳʹȋϐǡȌǡStévart, TOBEB 4498 (LBV,MO); ±: concession CBG, ± 20 km à l’ouest de Mandji. 1°43.8’S
ͳͲιͳͳǤͻǯǤ ǣ ͻǡ ͵ͳ ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐȌǡ Dauby 1128 (BRLU,LBV,MO); concession CBG, ± 20km à l’Ouest de
ǤͳιͶͺǤͻǯͳͲιͳͳǤͲǯǤǣͲǡ͵ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡDauby 1213 (BRLU,LBV,MO); along stream Ngounie.
Ͳι͵ͻǤ͵ǯͳͲιʹʹǤͻ͵ǯǤǣʹʹǡͳ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡSonké 6076 (MO); Dikaki Chantier. Bindolo R. basin, NW
of Fougamou. 1°15’S 10°29’E. Alt: 300m, 20 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14007 (BR,BRLU,E,G,HUJ,K,M,MA,
MO,NY,P,TI,US,WAG); ±Ǧ ǣ±ǤͲιͳͷǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǡͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡWilliamson, E.A. 201 (K); 17km
ǤͲιͳͲǯͳʹιͲ͵ǯǡͳͳͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡWilks 1121 (K,LBV,WAG); ±Ǧ: 6 km along the
road Mekouyi (12 km S.W. of Lastoursville) towards Koulamoutou. 0°55’S 12°38’E. Alt: 300m, 25 September
1978 (fr), Breteler; Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 806 (WAG); concession de CEB, Nord de la zone de Milolé, Sud du Parc
ǯ ǤͲιͳͶǤͲǯͳʹιͶ͵ǤǯǤǣ͵ͺǡͳͷ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡDauby 2414 (BRLU,LBV,MO); 4 km
SW of Lastoursville, right side Ogooué R., 0°50’S 12°41’E, 24 September 1970 (fr), Breteler 6615 (P,WAG);
±ǦǣǤʹι͵ͳǤ͵ǯͳͲι͵͵ǤͷǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳͺʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡBourobou 293
(K,LBV,WAG); Koumouloundou, chantier forestier Mittner. 2°00’S 9°35’E, 6 June 1970 (st), Farron 7375 (P);
Ǧ: 10 km Lalara-Makokou, than 31 km along an exploitation road following the Okano River
ǤͲι͵Ͳǯͳͳι͵ǯǤǣ͵ʹͲǡͺͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler; Wilde 498 (C,MA,WAG); 40 km NE of
Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur forest exploitation. 1°03.4’N 11°47.4’E. Alt: 550m, 8 November 2009 (fr),
Bissiengou 794 (LBV,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 60 km NE of Mitzic. 1°22.1’N 11°47.1’E. Alt: 650m,
ͳͲ ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡSosef 1977 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); ǣ ͳͻʹͲȋϐȌǡAllouette s.n. (L).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
Campylospermum glomeratum (Tiegh.) Biss.
Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Monelasmum glomeratum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16:
330 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Thollon 140 (holotype: P!; isotype: A!, FHO! K!), Gabon, Haut
Ogooué, février 1895.
Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. angustifolia Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 81
(1893). – Monelasmum angustifolium (Engl.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328
(Dec. 1902). –Ouratea angustifolia (Engl.) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 269 (1904). – Type:
Soyaux 159 (holotype: B†; isotype: K!), Gabon, Munda, Sibange Farm, September 19th,
1880.
Ouratea dusenii Engl. & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 260 (1904). – Campylospermum
dusenii (Engl. & Gilg.) Biss. & Sosef, Blumea 53(3): 631 (2008). – Type: Dusén 289 (B†),
Cameroon.
Exomicrum conrauanum (Engl. & Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 38 (June
1903). – Ouratea conrauana Engl. & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 260 (1904). – Type: Conrau
37 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!), bei Tinto, Nördliches Cameroon, 1898.
Ouratea gilgiana H.Winkl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 41: 282 (1908). – Type: Winkler 890 not
3.7 Materials and Methods
located. Neotype (designated here): Versuchsanstalt Kamerun 493 (holotype: B! isotype:
FHO!), Cameroon, Botanischen Garten Victoria.
Treelet 6 m tall, with branched trunk; branches upright; twigs with pale brownwhitish bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 1–2 mm long. Leaf: petiole 4–6 mm long;
leaf blade narrowly to very narrowly elliptic, ȋͶȂȌȂͳͲȋȂͳͶȌȋͲǤͺȂȌͳȂʹȋȂ͵Ȍ ,
ratio 4–6, base cuneate, apex acute, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, not bullate, glossy
on both sides, dark green above, paler green beneath, margin distantly and shallowly
serrulate; venation: midrib strongly prominent on upper side, prominent on the lower;
main lateral veins ͶȂ, ͷȂͳ͵, more prominent below than
above, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the
margin, intermediate lateral veins ͳȂʹ between each pair of main lateral ones, distinct
on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, indistinct on the upper side, distinct on
lower side. ϔ terminal, erect, branched, fairly dense; its main axis (2–)4–
9(–13) cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, triangular,
small; racemes 2–3, ascendant, 3–6(–9) cm long; cymules 2–13 mm apart, ʹȂ͵
persistent, narrowly triangular bracts at their base,ͳȂͶǦϐǤFlower: pedicel
(8–)10–11(–13) mm long, articulated at 2–3(–4) mm from the base; sepals ovate, 8–9 x
͵ȂͶϐǡͺȂͳͲ͵ȂͶǡǦϐǡǢ
obovate, 11–13(–15) x 7–11 mm, base narrowly cuneate, apex slightly emarginate;
stamens: anthers 4–8 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle
ͳȂʹ ϐǡͶȂǡǢͳʹ
receptacle, ellipsoid, 6–4 x 3–4 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size with a
small outer cotyledon.
Notes: The name Ouratea dusenii Engl. & Gilg, published in 1903, has been used most
often in literature as the correct name for this species. Its type specimen Dusen 289 is
probably lost in Berlin. However, the name Monelasmum glomeratum Tiegh (with type
specimen Thollon 140Ȍ Ǥ ϐ
of the former, as well as its ecological environment. After studying the type, Thollon 140,
it is clear the name refers to the same taxon. Since it was published in 1902, one year
before Ouratea dusenii, Monelasmum glomeratum Tiegh. is the legitimate name to be
used which necessitated the new combination C. glomeratum (Tiegh.) Biss.
The name Ouratea gilgiana was published with Winkler 890 as the type specimen. It
could not be located and was probably destroyed during the World War II in Berlin.
Therefore, a cultivated plant from the Victoria Botanical Garden (Cameroon) numbered
493 is designate here as neotype. The duplicates are in B and FHO and the material
carries fruits.
This species is close to C. paucinervatum by having relatively small, narrowly elliptic
leaves. It differs, however, by having more bracts at the base of the cymules, its long and
ascendant racemes and of course by having more lateral veins.
3
Ǥͳ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Distributionǣǡ ȋMap ͳ).
Ecology: in seasonally inundated gallery forest along rivers, on rocky river banks, in
river beds; on rock white sandy soil; at 10-600 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ Ǣ ǡ
November.
IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ αͳͳǡͶͳʹ 2ǡ αͷͲǡͺͻ 2ǡ αʹ
ȋ αͺȌǤ ǡ
habitats which are generally not suitable for human activities. Moreover, it is collected
within National Parks such as Lopé in Gabon and Campo-Ma’an and Korup in Cameroon.
It is fairly well represented in herbaria, suggesting it is not rare. Thus, the category of
Least Concern seems most appropriate despite its rather limited area of distribution.
Ǥͳ͵ͺ
ͳ: Distribution of Campylospermum glomeratum
Specimens examined:
, ǣȋϐȌǡVersuchsanstalt Kamerun 493 (B,FHO); Littoral: bordure de la Sanaga en amont
ȋ ȌȋǦϐȌǡͲϐǤͶιͳͳǯͳͳιͲʹǯǡ͵ ͳͻͲȋϐǡ
fr), Letouzey 9794 (BR,K); près de Toumbassala, Nkam sur route Bafang. Yabassi à 18 km au SSW de Nkondjok
ȋͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤ±ȌǤͶιʹͺǯͻιͷͺǯǡͷ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLetouzey 11127 (K,P); South Province:
Ǧǯ ǡ Ǥ ʹιͳǤʹǯ ͻιͷǤͳǯǤ ǣ ͳͲǡ ͳͲ ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐȌǡ Tchouto Mbatchou 2647
ȋ ǡǡ ǡȌǢ Ǧǯ ǡ Ǥ ʹιͳͷǤǯ ͳͲιͲǤͲǯǤ ǣ ͳͲǡ ʹ͵ ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐȌǡ
Tchouto Mbatchou 3006 (KRIBI,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Memve’ele water falls. 2°24.0’N 10°21.8’E. Alt:
͵Ͳǡͳ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 3360 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); 26 km along a track from Ipono
ǡϐȋαȌǤʹιͳǯͻιͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͷȋȌǡWilde,
J.J.F.E. de 8326 (BR,MO,P,WAG); Canon du Ntem a Oveng, pres Nyabessan (60 km Est de Campo). feuille IGN
ͳȀʹͲͲǤͲͲͲǤʹιʹͶǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͻͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡLetouzey 10318 (BR,K); Campo Ma’an area, Bibabimvoto.
ʹιͳǤͲǯͻιͷǤͲǯǤǣͶͲǡͳʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou BONGOX 7 (WAG); South-West Province:
ϐǤͷι͵ʹǯͻι͵ǯǤǣͳͷͲǡͳͺͻͺȋȌǡConrau 37 (E,P); Korup
ǤͶιͶͷǯͺιͶͶǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 333 (K); Buea-Douala. Bank of Mana (Ndian)
ǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷͲǯǤǣͷͲǡͺ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐǡȌǡThomas, D.W. 2157 (K,MO,WAG); Ndian river, Komp National
3.7 Materials and Methods
ǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡLawton, R.M. 2631 (FHO); by Ndian waterfall, Bulu docks. 4°56’N
ͺιͷͳǯǡͳ ͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 4266ȋǡȌǢǤͶιͶͷǯͺιͶͶǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡTuley
5005ȋȌǢǤǣǡǤͶιͶͷǯͺιͶͶǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡ͵ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡSmith, J. cam79/ 36
(FHO,K).
, Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Monte Alen, région continental. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 26 June 1997
ȋϐȌǡNgomo 208ȋȌǢ± Ǥ Ǥǡǡ ϐ
Ǥ ͳι͵ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹͷ ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Obama 698 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Bata-Senye: Estrada
ͶͲǤ Ǥ ͳι͵ǯ ͻιͶͻǯǡ ʹͺ ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Carvalho, M.F. de 4913
(MA,WAG); près du village Sendje, Rio Uele. 1°34’N 9°50’E, 1 September 1997 (st), Lisowski 590 (BRLU); près
ǡǤͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡͳͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLisowski 1254 (BRLU).
, Ǧ±ǣ ± ϐǤ Ǥ Ͳιͳͳǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͳͺͻͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Thollon 140
ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢ ϐ ϐ
±ǤͲιͲǯͳͲιͶǯǤǣͺͲǡʹʹ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 6597 (MO,WAG); Banks of Ogooue
ȋͳȀʹ ȌǤ ͲιͲͷǯ ͳͳιͳ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ʹ͵ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Thomas, D.W. 6624 (B,K,MO,S,WAG); ±Ǧ : Ogooué River, Booué. 0°06’S 11°56’E, 30 July 1966 (st),
Hallé; Le Thomas 247ȋȌǢ±ǤͲιͲǤͳͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǤͷͶǯǤǣͳͲͻǡͶ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1008
ȋǡ ȌǢ±ǤͲιͲͷǤͻǯͳͳι͵ͷǤͷǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͶ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1012 (LBV,WAG); Lopé, en
ǯ±ǤͲιͲǤʹͻǯͳͳιʹͶǤͻ͵ǯǤǣͳͲǡͻ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1087 (LBV,WAG);
±ǡǯ±ǤͲιͲǤʹͻǯͳͳιʹͶǤͻ͵ǯǤǣͳͲǡͻ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1090
ȋǡ ȌǢǤ ǤͲιͳͷǯͳͳιͶͲǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡWhite, L.J.T. 1093
ȋǡǡ ǡ ȌǢ±ǡ±ǤͲιͲǯͳͳιͷǯǡ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡFloret 1716
ȋǡǡ ȌǢǡǯǢ ǤͲιͲǯͳͳι͵ͻǯǡͳͶͳͻͻ͵ȋϐǡ
fr), Wilks 2744 (MO,WAG); near Lopé Hotel. Bank of Ogooué River. 0°05.3’S 11°36.1’E. Alt: 120m, 17 February
ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11965 (LBV,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou & Sosef (2008), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), White &
Abernethy (1997).
Campylospermum klainei (Tiegh.) Farron
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 398 (1965). – Diphyllopodium klainei Tiegh., Bull. Mus.
Hist. Nat. (Paris) 8: 376 (June 1902). – Type: Klaine 157 (holotype: P!), Gabon, environs
de Libreville, 1896.
Treelet up to 6 m tall, monocaulous bark whitish. Stipules caducous, triangular, up to
15 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf blade ǡȋ͵Ͳ–
)ͶͶȂͲȋȂͻͲȌͳͲȂʹͲ , ratio ͵ǤͶȂͶǤ, base cordate, apex acuminate, papery, not
bullate, margin serrulate in the distal half, indistinctly so in the basal half, upper side dull
dark green, lower side glossy bright green; venation: midrib slightly prominent on the
upper side, strongly prominent on the lower, ȋʹʹȂȌʹȂ͵Ͷ on either
side, –͵Ͳ, prominent on the upper side, prominent to slightly prominent
below, making a slight angle with the midrib, straight and only towards the margin
slightly curved up, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between each pair of main laterals,
tertiary venation scalariform, running perpendicular to the main lateral veins,
joined by cross veinlet, distinct on both sides. ϔ ͵ȂͶ
long lateral twig (and thus appearing to be axillary), unbranched, dense, its main
ͳͷȂʹͲ Ǣ ϐǡbearing two subopposite,
slightly reduced leaves or small leafy bracts at its base, leafy bracts ovate and 3–4
x 1–1.5 cm; pairwise scales absent; cymules ʹȂͷǡͶȂͳͲǦϐ. Flower:
ͳͲȂͳͷǡ ʹȂ͵Ǣǡϐ
3
Ǥͳ͵ͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
7–9 x 4–5 mm, apex obtuse, green, in fruit 16–18 x 5–6 mm, red, coriaceous, curved over
the drupelets; petals obovate, 13–15 x 4–5 mm, base shortly clawed, apex rounded;
stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm high; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle
ϐǡͶȂͷǢͳʹ ǡellipsoid,
ͳͲ–11ͷ–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size.
3
ǤͳͶͲ
Notes: This species resembles C. mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh. morphologically. It differs
ϐ Ǥ
Furthermore, their distributions do not overlap; while C. mannii occurs in Cameroon
and south-eastern Nigeria, C. klainei is a narrow endemic from north-western Gabon.
Distribution: only known from north-western Gabon, from the Crystal Mountains
(Kinguélé) to the Mondah area (Map ͳͺ).
Ecology: in primary forest on hill slopes, on rocky or iron-rich soil; at up to 80 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋǡȌǤαͳǡͲʹ2ǡαͶ͵2ǡ αͶ
ȋ αͳͲȌǤ ǡ
but being close to the capital, this reserve and the zone around it is becoming very
fragmented by human activities leading to a decline of suitable habitat for this species.
Therefore, the category of Critically Endangered has been assigned.
ͳͺ. Distribution of Campylospermum klaineiȋȌCampylospermum laeve ( )
Specimens examined:
, Estuaire: Environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E, 1896 (fr), Klaine 157 (P); Cap Estérias. 0°37’N
9°20’E, 4 August 1959 (st), Hallé, N. 810 (P); Environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E, 1898 (st), Klaine 1328 (P);
±±ǤͲιʹͷǯͳͲιͳͷǯǤǣͺͲǡͳ͵ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡBreteler 12847 (BR,MO,WAG); Ikoy. 0°24’N
9°34’E, November 1957 (st), Gauchotte SRFG 1906 (P).
Key literature: Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Sosef et al. (2006), Tieghem (1902).
3.7 Materials and Methods
Campylospermum laeve (De Wild. & T.Durand) Farron
Ǥͳ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 399 (1965). – Ouratea laevis De Wild. & T.Durand, Bull.
ǤǤǤ͵ͺȋʹȌǣ͵ͶȋͳͺͻͻȌǤȂMonelasmum laeve (De Wild. & T.Durand)
Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (1902). – Type: Cabra 58 (holotype: BR!; isotype:
BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tshela, 1897.
Monelasmum lecomtei Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 331 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Lecomte s.n. (holotype: P!; isotype: P!), Congo, forêt de Moabi, sur le sentier de
Brazzaville, January 1894.
Ouratea buchneri Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 270 (1904). – Monelasmum buchneri (Gilg)
Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (1903). – Type: Buchner 541 (B, probably destroyed).
Neotype (designate here). Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 684 (holotype: LISC!),
Angola, Cabinda, Maiombe, Buco Zau, June 14th, 1960.
Ouratea lundensis Cavaco, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. sér. 2, 26: 641 (1954). – Ouratea sp.,
Consp. Fl. Angolensis: 297 (1951). – Type: Gossweiler 13570 (holotype: COI!; isotype: B!,
BM!, K! US!), Angola, Nordeste da Lunda, Dundo, 10th, September 1946. syn. nov.
Tree up to 15 m tall, with brached stem; bole up to 16 cm in diameter; twigs with whitishbrownish bark. Stipules caducous, triangular to narrowly triangular, 6–9 mm long.
Leaf: petiole ȋȂȌͳͲȂʹͲȋȂʹͷȌ , stout; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic
or narrowly elliptic-oblong (6–)14–29(–36) x (2.5–)4–8(–10) cm, ratio (2.0–)2.5–
6.0(–8.5), base attenuate to narrowly cuneate or occasionally broadly cuneate, apex
acuminate, often abruptly so, or rarely blunt, coriaceous, slightly glossy above, margin
distinctly thickened and often revoluteǡ ϐ Ǣ ǣ
ϐ ǡ ǡ
lateral veins ͻȂͳʹȋȂͳͷȌ side, ͳͲȂ͵ͲȋȂͶʹȌ , mostly prominent
above, prominent to slightly so beneath, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved
upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 1–7 in between
each pair of main laterals, less distinct above, prominent below, tertiary venation
scalariform, joined by cross veinlets, perpendicular to the midrib, less distinct above,
distinct beneath. ϔ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis (5–)15–30(–35) cm
long, more or less angular; pairwise scales absent; racemes 1–5(–7), (2–)5–9(–14)
cm long, erecto-patent to horizontal, sometimes branched again; cymules 0.5–1.5 cm
ǡͳȂǦϐǢ ǡͳȂʹǤFlower: pedicel ͳͲȂͳʹǡ
ͳȂʹǢǡȋȂȌͻȂͳͳ͵ȂͷϐǡͺȂͳʹ
ͶȂǡ ǡǦϐǡ
fruit; petals obovate, 6–12 x 3–5 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers
4–6 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged to c. 5
x 5 mm in fruit; drupelets 3 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 9 x 5–6 mm;
cotyledons incumbent dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: The type specimen of the name Ouratea buchneri was Buchner 541. It could not
3
ǤͳͶͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͶʹ
be located, and was probably destroyed at B. Therefore, a neotype is designated here.
It originates from the same area (Angola). Unfortunatly, collections of Ouratea buchneri
from Angola do not have duplicates. We selected Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola
684 ϐǤ
ǡϐǤ
The range in leaf ratio is remarkable: from 2.0 to 8.5. It resembles C. engama with which
it shares the long petiole, but differs by having a leaf blade that is not decurrent onto the
petiole, and by its shorter racemes. It is pictured on a 1986 postal stamp from Gabon.
Distribution: Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo and
Angola (Cabinda, Lunda Norte province) (Map ͳͺ).
Ecology: in high and gallery forest; at 30–750 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Use: The wood is used as timber whereas the leaves could be used against headache or
toothache. Dried leaves are smoked like tobacco (Bamps and Farron 1967).
Vernacular names: Angola: Libambo, Limbembe (Kikongo).
of the Congo: Elonaanai, Itelisho, Lyonga (Mongo); Ifanjanjoku (Bokuma); Ntambo
(Bokoro); Mumpele, Mumpeve (Luki), Lulaki lu mbwa.
C
A
B
ͳǤ Campylospermum laeve. A. Fruiting branch with persistent sepals. B. Flowering branch. C. Fruiting
branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳǡͳͳͶǡͶͷͲ2ǡαͷͲǡʹͺͳ2ǡ αʹ
ȋ αͳͷͲȌǤ
of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo, where it does not appear to be rare. Recent
collections are from Gabon and collected in Lopé National Park. Thus, the category of
Least Concern seems most appropriate.
3.7 Materials and Methods
Specimens examined:
, Cabinda: Cabinda-Buco Zau, talhão permanente da Chiaca. 4°49’S 12°33’E, 9 March 1959
(fr), Murta 1 (COI); Chiaco, Maiombe. 4°53’S 12°34’E. Alt: 70m, 20 October 1951 (st), Càmeira 127 (LUA);
Reserva Indigena do Chiaco, Maiombe. 4°53’S 12°34’E. Alt: 70m, 24 October 1951 (st), Càmeira 291 (LUA);
Maiombe, reserva do Cacongo. 5°14’S 12°10’E, 3 July 1959 (fr), Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 549
ȋ ȌǢǡ ǤͶιͶͷǯͳʹι͵ͶǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡMissão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 684
ȋ ȌǢǡǤͶι͵ͻǯͳʹιͶǯǡͳͻʹͶȋϐǡȌǡGossweiler 6042 (COI); Chiaca. 4°53’S 12°34’E. Alt:
100m, 20 April 1964 (fr), Teixeira, J.M.L.B. 7655 (LUA); : Luachima. 7°24’S 20°50’E. Alt: 750m, 15
ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡGossweiler 13570 (B,COI,K,US).
ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Odzala National Park, layon Tombi. 0°52’N 14°46’E, 23 January 1995 (fr),
Kouka 54 (BRLU); village de Mbéré, terre Ongondza, sous préfecture de Boundji. 0°58’S 15°19’E, 23 June
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBouquet, A. 1463ȋȌǢ ǯǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡͳͲͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡDowsett-Lemaire
1706 (BR); Parc National d’Odzala, district de Mbomo. 0°38’N 14°54’E. Alt: 400m, 23 December 1994 (fr),
Champluvier 5169 (BR); district de Mbomo, P.N Odzala. «salines» de Mbouébé, au N de la Lékoli, en amont
ϐ ǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǤǣͶͲͲǡͳ͵ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡChampluvier 5255 (BR,WAG);
Odzala National Park, au Nord du Camp Mboko, Camp Caravati, Mbouebe. 0°38’N 14°54’E, 8 December 1993
(fr), Lejoly 93/ 472ȋȌǢǤͳιͲͶǯͳͶιʹͻǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLejoly 96/ 805 (BR,BRLU);
Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, entre Belvedre et le Camp du Daman. 1°04’N 14°29’E, 24
ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLejoly 96/ 874 (BR,BRLU); Odzala National Park, rivière Lekoli, en amont de l’embarcadère.
Ͳι͵ǯͳͷιͲ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡLisowski C 538 (BRLU); Odzala National Park, layon Tombi, partie sud.
0°52’N 14°46’E, 13 February 1994 (fr), Lisowski C 797 (BRLU); Kouilou: Moabi sur le sentier de Brazzaville.
Ͷι͵͵ǯ ͳʹιͲͷǯǡ ͳͺͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Lecomte, P.H. s.n. (P); ±: District de Zanaga, région de Makelé.
͵ιͲͷǯͳͶιͲͳǯǡ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡSita 3185 (BR,P); Pool: route Brazzaville-Linzolo à 22 km de Brazzaville
(Alata), Réserve de la Djoumouna. 4°23’S 15°10’E, 27 February 1962 (st), Charvet 58 (P); Bangou, M’Passa
Ecole. 3°54’S 14°27’E, 19 September 1964 (fr), Bouquet, A. 536 (P); village de Moutampa. 4°31’S 15°02’E, 15
ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBouquet, A. 856ȋȌǢ ²ǤͶιʹ͵ǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡHallé,
F. 1698 (WAG); Plateau des cataractes, région de Moutampa. 4°31’S 15°02’E, 30 October 1967 (st), Sita 1882
(P,WAG); entre le village Moutampa et le Congo. 4°31’S 15°02’E, 2 March 1965 (fr), Farron 4010 (P); piste
Mpassa-Bangou (Kindamba). 3°53’S 14°30’E, 28 April 1965 (fr), Farron 4124 (P); Djoumouna. 4°23’S 15°10’E,
14 April 1966 (st), Farron 5111 (P); Kimpanzou, près de chutes de la Foulakari. 4°36’S 14°59’E, 15 November
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLejoly 86/ 127ȋȌǢ ǡʹͷǤͶιʹͲǯͳͷιͲͷǯǡͳͳͻͺȋϐǡ
fr), Lejoly 86/ 188 (BRLU).
ȋ Ȍ, Bandundu: Patambalu. 2°15’S 18°19’E, 23 February 1958 (fr), Tailfer 1 (BR); Bokoro.
2°50’S 18°23’E, 1 December 1948 (fr), Jans, E. 820 (BR); Kikwit. 5°02’S 18°48’E, 18 July 1993 (fr), Masens, B.
1256 (BRLU,K,WAG); Kwango. 4°00’S 17°00’E, July 1913 (fr), Vanderyst 1435 (BR); Wombali. 3°16’S 17°22’E,
ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 2008 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͳǯ ͳιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 2303 (BR);
Ǥ͵ιͳǯͳιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡVanderyst 2390 (BR); Wombali. 3°16’S 17°22’E, October 1913
ȋϐȌǡVanderyst 2401 (BR); Kwango. 5°19’S 18°56’E, 20 October 1955 (fr), Devred 2721 (BR,K); Kabama. 5°40’S
16°18’E, 25 June 1959 (st), Pauwels 3563 (BR); Kabama. 5°40’S 16°18’E, 25 August 1959 (st), Pauwels 4213
(BR); Nioki. 2°43’S 17°40’E, 1940 (fr), Flamigni 6009 (BR); Selenge. 1°58’S 18°10’E, (fr), Flamigni 6024
(BR); Kiri. 1°27’S 19°00’E, July 1925 (fr), Goossens 6230 (BR); Bas-Congo: 4°44’S 12°59’E, 1897 (fr), Cabra
58 (BR); Luki (Mayumbe). 5°44’S 12°53’E, (fr), Wagemans 367 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 8 February 1955
(fr), Wagemans 945 (BR,K); Kimbuanga. 5°13’S 15°38’E, 25 January 1960 (fr), Compère 1315 (BR); Luki,
²ǯǯǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡDonis 1623 (BR,FHO); Mbimbi. 5°15’S
14°52’E, 11 March 1960 (fr), Compère 1643 (BR,K,P); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 18 March 1958 (fr), Wagemans
1897 (BR,K); Luki, ligne de crête N’kula N’kakala. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 28 April 1946 (fr), Toussaint, L. 2006 (BR);
Upese. 4°59’S 15°09’E, 8 April 1959 (fr), Pauwels 2217 (BR); Sanda. 4°40’S 15°26’E, May 1903 (fr), Gillet, J.
3024 (BR); Luki, Parc National de la Nkula. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 21 June 1978 (fr), Breyne, H. 3339 (BR); Sanda.
ͶιͶͲǯ ͳͷιʹǯǡ ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Gillet, J. 3554 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͶιͶͲǯ ͳͷιʹǯǡ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst
5523ȋȌǢǤͶιͳͻǯͳͷιͳͻǯǡͻͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡBequaert 7561 (BR); Sanda. 4°40’S 15°26’E, April
1925 (fr), Vanderyst 14550 (BR); Sanda. 4°40’S 15°26’E, April 1925 (fr), Vanderyst 14635 (BR); Equateur:
Yaliemba de Likote. 1°02’N 21°57’E, 17 May 1937 (fr), Collart 45 (BR); Mondombe. 0°54’S 22°49’E, (fr),
Jespersen, K. 187ȋȌǢǡ ǤͳιͲͻǯʹͳιͷǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡDhetchuvi Matchu-Mandje 590
ȋȌǢǤʹιͷ͵ǯʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡMortehan 1101 (BR); environ d’Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 15
July 1905 (fr), Laurent, É. 1472ȋȌǢ ǤʹιͲͺǯʹͳι͵ͶǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡEvrard, C.M. 2803 (BR);
3
ǤͳͶ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͶͶ
Isandja. 1°57’S 21°11’E, 19 October 1957 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 2861 (BR); Parc National Monkoto. 1°38’S 20°39’E,
5 August 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 4483ȋȌǢǡǤͳιͳͳǯʹ͵ιͳǯǡͷ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡEvrard,
C.M. 5442 (BR); Kasai-Oriental: Kole. 3°29’S 22°27’E, (fr), Claessens 310 (BR); Kinshasaǣϐǡ
ǦǤͶιͳͶǯͳͷιͶ͵ǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreyne, H. 702 (WAG); Kimuenza. 4°28’S 15°17’E,
(fr), Gillet, J. 1917ȋǡȌǢ ǡǤͶιʹǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBreyne, H. 2038 (BR);
Kimuenza. 4°28’S 15°17’E, May 1901 (fr), Gillet, J. 2205 (BR).
, Ǧ±: Parc National de Plateaux Batéké à 17 km de la station PPG en avale vers le débarcadère.
ͳιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͶιͲͲǤͳͺǯǤ ǣ ͵ͺͷǡ ʹͻ ʹͲͲͶ ȋϐȌǡ Niangadouma 400 (LBV,WAG); Parc National des
Plateaux Batéké. Bai Jobo. 2°12.53’S 13°52.45’E, 4 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 503 (MO); Batéké Plateau
National Park, Bai Djobo. 2°13.4’S 13°54.0’E. Alt: 400m, 11 September 2006 (st), Nguema Ekomo 802 (LBV);
͵ͲǤͳιͶͷǯͳ͵ιͲͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡBreteler 6725 (C,K,WAG); ±Ǧ
Ivindo: Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 5 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.22’S
ͳͳιͶͶǤͳͷǯǤǣʹͷǡ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1062 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route LopéKassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.36’S 11°44.08’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou
1066 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika.
0°07.36’S 11°44.08’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1067 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé,
route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.36’S 11°44.08’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010
(fr), Bissiengou 1068 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village
ǤͲιͲǤͶǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡͺ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1072 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du
parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.26’S 11°44.05’E. Alt: 290m, 8
ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1076 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km
°ǤͲιͲǤʹǯͳͳιͶͶǤͲͷǯǤǣʹͻͲǡͺ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1077 (LBV,WAG);
±ǦǣǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͶʹǯǡͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡLe Testu 7335 (BM,BR,P); region de
ǡǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͶͷǯǡʹͲͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡLe Testu 7662 (BM,BR,P); 50 km ESE of
Lastoursville. 0°53’S 13°18’E, 4 May 1992 (fr), Breteler 11290 (LBV,MO,WAG); 19 km E of Ndambi, road from
Ǥ ͲιͶǯ ͳ͵ιͳͻǯǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 13307 (WAG); ±Ǧ:
Gamba. 15,2 km along the road from Gamba airport to Vera. Tondou forest. 2°44.7’S 10°08.6’E. Alt: 40m, 13
ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 11398 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
Campylospermum ϐ (De Wild. & T.Durand) Tiegh.
Fig.ͳ
J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 197 (June 1902). – Ouratea ϔ De Wild. & T.Durand, Bull. Soc.
ǤǤ͵ͺȋʹȌǣ͵͵ȋͳͺͻͻȌǤȂMonelasmum ϔ (De Wild. & T.Durand)
Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Thonner 20 (holotype: BR!;
isotype: BR!), Congo, Ngali, August 28th, 1896.
Monelasmum sulcatum Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (Dec. 1902). – Lectotype
(designated here): Zenker & Staudt 768 (holotype: P!; isotype: BM!, COI!, GOET, K!, LE,
Z), Cameroon, Yaunde, 1894-95.
Monelasmum marquesii Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Marques 201 (holotype: COI!), Angola, rio Guillo, June 1885. syn. nov.
Monelasmum leroyanum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 330 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea
leroyana (Tiegh.) Keay, Kew Bull. 1953: 81 (1953). – Type: Leroy s.n. (holotype: P!;
isotype: P(2x)!), Gabon, forêt environs de Libreville (Mt Bouet), October 1895.
Monelasmum setigerum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Zenker s.n. (holotype: P!; isotype: COI!), Cameroon, Yaoundé, 1896.
Ouratea macrobotrys Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 268 (1904). – Lectotype (designated
here): Zenker & Staudt 768 (holotype: B†; isotype: BM!, COI!, GOET, K!, LE, P, Z),
Cameroon, Yaunde, 1894-95.
3.7 Materials and Methods
Ouratea ituriensis Gilg & Mildbr., Wiss. Erg. deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped., Bot. 2: 558 (1913).
– Type: Mildbraed 2984 specimen not located. Neotype (designated here): Lebrun 2752
(holotype: BR!; isotype: K!, WAG!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Buta, Titule, May
1931.
Ouratea ϔ De Wild., Rev. Zool. Afr. 7, Suppl. Bot.: B50 (1920). – Type: Flamigni
116 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bena-Dibele, June
19th, 1905.
Ouratea bracteato-pedunculata De Wild., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, sér. B 48, compt. rend.:
26 (1928). – Type: Claessens 268 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of
the Congo, Bena-Dibele, June 12th, 1909.
Ouratea dubiosa De Wild., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, sér. B 48, compt. rend.: 28 (1928). –
Type: Claessens 396 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Katako Kombe, January 1910.
Tree or treelet up to 10 m tall, with branched stem; ͳͲ ;
twigs with whitish-brownish bark. Stipules persistent, narrowly triangular, (3–)4–10
mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–7 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic-obovate to narrowly
elliptic or rarely elliptic-obovate or elliptic, ȋͷȂȌͳ͵Ȃʹ͵ȋȂ͵ʹȌ ȋͳǤͷȂȌȂͻȋȂͳͳȌ ,
ratio ʹȂͶǤͷ, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, apex gradually acuminate, papyraceous
to subcoriaceous, slightly bullate or sometimes smooth, in dry condition set with
tiny bumps in between the tertiary veins on the upper surface giving it a ‘rough’
appearance, glossy above, margin serrulate; venation: midrib prominent above and
below, main lateral veins 7–18 on either side, ͳͲȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌ, prominent but
often running in a slight depression above, prominent below, at a ± right angle with
the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins
ͳȂʹ , distinct, tertiary venation scalariform,
perpendicular to the midrib, with numerous cross-veins giving it a reticulate appearance,
distinct on both sides. ϔ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis (5–)11–35(–
50) cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, triangular, 5–10
mm; ȋͳȂȌʹȂͺǡȋͶȂȌȂʹͳȋȂʹ͵Ȍ Ǣ ͳȂʹ ǡͳȂͳʹǦϐǤ
Flower: pedicel (7–)10–18(–20) mm long, articulated at 1–5(–7) mm from the base;
ǡͷȂʹȂ͵ϐǡͷȂͺʹǤͷȂͶǢobovate, 7–12
x 5–10 mm, base attenuate, apex emarginate; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary
c. 1 x 1 mm; style 3–5 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged up to c. 6 x 5 mm in fruit;
drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 4–10 x 4–6 mm; cotyledons
incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: Monelasmum sulcatum and Ouratea macrobotrys were simultanously described
based on duplicates of the same collections. A lectotype Zenker & Staudt 768 is
designated for both species. It has several duplicates located in seven herbaria and the
fruits are present in all herbarium sheets.
3
ǤͳͶͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͶ
The type specimen (Mildbraed 2984) of the name Ouratea ituriensis could not be located.
Therefore, another specimen Lebrun 2752 has been appointed as neotype. It has fruits
and the duplicates are kept in 4 different herbaria. It was collected more or less in the
same area.
This species shares some features with C. reticulatum, especially the tertiary venation
with many cross veinlets is reminiscent of that species. However, the tiny bumps on the
often slightly bullate upper leaf surface generally makes C. ϔ stand out (see
also the note under C. reticulatum). In addition it has persistent stipules, whereas C.
reticulatum has caducous ones.
Distribution: from south-western Senegal to Ghana and from southern Nigeria to the
Democratic Republic of the Congo and northern Angola (Malanje) (Map ͳͻ).
Ecology: primary and secondary forest, high forest on slopes, in swampy, inundated
forest, in forest along rivers or streams and gallery forest; on sandy soil; at 0–1500 m
altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Vernacular names: : Engbongbo (Babua),
Bolilibo Kikereke, Yeka Olili Ikekeleke (Turumbu), Lofandjandjoku (Lokundu), Luhaha
(Kitembo).
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͶǡͺͶǡͺͲ2ǡαǡͶͺͳǡ͵ͺͲ2ǡ α͵ʹʹ
ȋ αͷ͵ͳȌǤ ǡ
less so in West Africa. It has numerous recent collections and thus the category of Least
Concern has been assessed.
Specimens examined:
, Cabindaǣ ǡǤͶιͷ͵ǯͳʹι͵ͶǯǤǣʹͷǡͳͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡ
Càmeira 151 (LUA); ǣ ǡ Ǥ ͺιͲͲǯ ͳͻιͶͲǯǡ ȋϐȌǡMarques, S.A. 201
(COI).
, Central Provinceǣ ± Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ͳͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker s.n. (COI,P);
± Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker 207 ȋ ǡȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͷʹǯ ͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker; Staudt 760
(S,US); Yaoundé. 3°52’N 11°31’E, (fr), Zenker 768 (BM,COI,K,P); 45 km S. of Badjob, 50 km SW. of Eséka, 5 km
S. of the Nyong river. 3°26’N 10°30’E, 28 January 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1716 (BR,MO,WAG); 50 km South
of Badjob 60 km Southwest of Eseka, South bank of the Njong river. 3°28’N 10°30’E, 19 March 1964 (st), Wilde,
W.J.J.O. de 2138 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ͵ι͵͵ǯ ͳͳιͲʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐȌǡ Jacques-Félix 2262 (P); East Province:
±±ǡͷǤͷι͵͵ǯͳͶιͲǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳ ͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡ
Breteler 1066 (A,BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); Littoral: Edea, Forstexpedition. 3°44’N 11°10’E, September 1908
ȋϐȌǡBüsgen s.n. (B); west of lake Tissongo, 16 km EES of Mouanko. 3°35’N 9°51’E, 19 September 1983 (fr),
Asonganyi 689 (P); 40 km NW. of Eséka, along the Kelé river. 3°47’N 10°31’E, 31 January 1964 (st), Wilde,
W.J.J.O. de 1751 (WAG); South Province: Bipindi, Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, February 1907 (fr), Zenker
s.n. (US); Mboro near Ngom, 16 km from Ambam on road Ebolowa-Ambam. 2°36’N 11°18’E, 1 September
ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡKoufani 174ȋȌǢǡǡʹιͷͺǯͳͲιͶͶǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡSmits, A.P. 277
(WAG); Yaoudé station 800 m. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (st), Zenker 423 (L,US); Bitye S. 3°01’N 12°22’E, 1917
ȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 969 (BM,Z); Ma’an, Nvili Ayet, Forest 1,5 hours walk North of Ma’an village, behind nvili creek.
ʹιʹʹǯͳͲι͵ǯǤǣͷͶͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡAndel, T.R. van 3149 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); 7.5 km S of
Kribi, Grand Batanga road. 2°53’N 9°54’E, 4 November 1968 (st), Bos, J.J. 3194 (MO,WAG); 5 km from Kribi,
ǤʹιͷͷǯͻιͷǯǡʹͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 3355 (MO,WAG,YA); 17 km N. of Kribi. 3°02’N
ͻιͷͺǯǡ Ͷ ͳͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bos, J.J. 4055 (BAS,P,WAG,YA); Elephant Mont, near stonecutter’s camp. 2°47’N
ͳͲιͲͳǯǤǣͳͻͷǡʹʹ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAndel, T.R. van 4175 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Boussebeliga
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͳǤϔǤFlowering branch. Drawing by Sabine Bousani
ͳͻ. Distribution of Campylospermum ϔ
3
ǤͳͶ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͶͺ
creek, forest behind Pygmee doctor’s house. 2°43’N 9°52’E. Alt: 40m, 29 October 2001 (fr), Andel, T.R. van
4204 (WAG); 2 km S. of Kribi. 2°55’N 9°54’E, 16 September 1969 (st), Bos, J.J. 5341 (BAS,WAG); Just E. of
Kribi, Kienke river., 2°56’N 9°55’E, 6 September 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7342 (WAG); Ongongondjé hill, 17 km NW.
ǡ ±±ǤʹιʹͻǯͳͳιͳͲǯǤǣͺͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E.
de 8719 (BR,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG,YA); près Enelessi, 30 km W. de Sangnelima, Ebolona. 2°56’N 11°59’E, 10
ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡLetouzey 10141ȋ ǡȌǢͳʹǤʹιʹͷǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǡͶ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡRaynal, J.
10202 (P); Nkolemenlong (Nkolebenga), à l’Ouest d’Ebianemeyong, près Nyabessan (60 km Est de Campo).
ʹιʹͷǯ ͳͲιʹͲǯǡ ͳͲ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Letouzey 10328 (COI,K); Campo Ma’an area, Bifa, in the National Park.
ʹι͵ͻǤͷǯͳͲιͳǤͲǯǤǣͳʹͲǡͳʹ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou BIFAX 143 (WAG); Akom II, Efoulan
ǤʹιͶͶǤͺǯͳͲι͵ʹǤͻǯǤǣͺͶͲǡ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou EGONX 313 (WAG);
Campo Ma’an area, Ebianemeyong, toward Nyabissan in the Ma’an area. 2°27.6’N 10°17.8’E. Alt: 480m, 24
May 2002 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou NGOMAX 37 (WAG); South-West Province: Abonando. 5°54’N 9°07’E, 2
ͳͻͲʹȋϐȌǡRudatis 8ȋ ǡǡȌǢǤͶιͷͻǯͻιʹͲǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͲͳͻͺȋϐȌǡMambo
268ȋǡ ǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷʹǯǤǣͷͲǡ ͳͻͺͶȋϐǡ
fr), Thomas, D.W. 3264 (K,MO,WAG); between Baro and Ikenge villages, along foot path, in the Korup National
ǤͷιͳͷǯͻιͲͻǯǤǣʹͷͲǡͳͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 7504 (MO,WAG); S. Bakundu Reserve, Banga.
ͶιʹͶǯ ͻιʹǯǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ Brenan 9282 (FHO,K); Kumba. S. Bakundu 1 mile W. of Banga village.
ͶιʹͶǯ ͻιʹǯǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ Onochie 9303 (FHO); West Province: route de Mbos, Mt. Bamboutos.
5°15’N 10°00’E. Alt: 1100m, 10 March 1967 (fr), Meurillon CNAD 651 (BR,K,P).
, LobayeǣǡȋͶǤͷȌǤ͵ιͷͻǯͳιͲͻǯǡͺʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡYongo
367 ȋȌǢ ǡ Ǥ ͶιͲͲǯ ͳιͳͷǯǡ ͵Ͳ ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Zawa 404 (BRLU); Ǧ±±:
ǤʹʹͳͻͻͻȋϐǡȌǡYangakola 347 (BRLU); Mangoro, commune de Bamdio. 3°57’N 16°57’E, 22
ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡYangakola 639 (BRLU); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E,
ͳͷ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 4627 (E,WAG); Kongana camp. 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°48’N 16°25’E, 20 May
2001 (st), Harris, D.J. 7770 (E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Odzala National Park, layon Tombi, 15 km. 0°52’N 14°46’E, 15 June 1995
(fr), Kouka 116ȋȌǢǡǦǤͲιʹͺǯͳͶι͵Ͳǯǡʹ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡDiafouka 232
ȋȌǢǡǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡͳͺͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡKouka 281
ȋȌǢǡǡͻǤͲιͷʹǯͳͶιͶǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡKouka 510 (BRLU);
ǡǯ °ǤͲι͵ͺǯͳͶιͷͶǯǡͻ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡDiafouka
585 (BRLU); Alima-Likouala, région de M’Bomo, réserve de chasse d’Odzala (M’Boko). 0°13’S 14°20’E, 15
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡSita 2997 (BR,P); Odzala National Park, grand escarpement d’Odzala, entre Belvedere
et le camp du daman. 1°04’N 14°29’E, 24 November 1996 (fr), Lejoly 96/ 880 (BRLU); Odzala National Park,
ǯǡ ǯǤ ͳιͲͶǯ ͳͶιʹͺǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͻȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Lejoly 96/ 955
(BRLU); Kouilouǣ ǡ Ǥ ͶιͳͶǯ ͳʹιʹǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Cusset 1234 (P);
région de Kakamoeka, embranchement Missafou, nouveau chantier forestier S.F.N. sur piste Bumico. 4°09’S
12°05’E, 6 June 1966 (fr), Sita 1343 (P); ±: Région de Kindamba, environs des grottes de Meya
ǤǤǤǤǤǤ͵ιͷͶǯͳͶιʹǯǡʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡSita 2568 (BR); District de
ǡǤʹιͷͳǯͳ͵ιͷͲǯǡͺ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡSita 3203 (P); : c. 45km W of Mossendjo 150km
Ǥ ʹιͷǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǤ ǣ ͲͲǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Braakenburg van Backum 51 (MO,WAG);
village de Mouteké, route de Mossendjo. 2°57’S 12°44’E, 16 January 1965 (fr), Bouquet, A. 930 (P); route
Malinga-Rebé. 2°25.80’S 12°06.55’E. Alt: 485m, 14 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1337 (LBV,WAG); Environs
ǯǡ°Ǧ ǤʹιͲǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡSita 3545 (WAG); Pool:
village Mountota. 3°26’S 14°36’E, 21 December 1992 (st), Bitsindou, M. 284 (BRLU); Sangha: Nouablé-Ndoki
ǡ ǡ͵ǤʹιͳʹǤǯͳι͵ͳǤͳǯǤǣ͵ͺͻǡͳʹʹͲͲȋϐǡ
fr), Ndolo Ebika 36 (E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Bandunduǣ Ǥ ͷιͳͻǯ ͳͺιͷǯǡ ͳʹ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐȌǡ Devred 2706 (BR); entre
Ǥ͵ιʹ͵ǯͳιʹͳǯǡȋϐȌǡGillet, J. 3349 (BR); Kintutila. 5°19’S 15°21’E, 18 August 1959 (st),
Pauwels 4067ȋȌǢǤι͵ͳǯͳιͳͷǯǡ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡCallens 4765 (BR); entre la Lubue et la Loange.
4°13’S 19°57’E, 1922 (st), Vanderyst 12498 (BR); Mbau. 5°29’S 17°19’E, (fr), Vanderyst 16415 (BR); BasCongoǣ Ǥ ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Donis s.n. (BR); Kisafu (Maduda). 4°54’S 13°02’E,
ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡHauzer 24ȋȌǢǤͶιͷͶǯͳʹιͶͷǯǡͳͺͻȋϐȌǡCabra 62 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E,
ͳͷ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡMaudoux 79 (BM,BR); Luki, plateau du poste. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 20 December 1948 (fr),
Maudoux 125 (BR,K); Luki réserve. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 6 January 1967 (st), Nsimundele 139 (BR); route Kinzao
ǤͷιͶͷǯͳι͵ͲǯǡͺͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡCompère 261ȋǡȌǢǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡWagemans
3.7 Materials and Methods
262 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͲͺǯ ͳͷιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Allard, J. 286 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͲͺǯ ͳͷιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ
Allard, J. 297 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 1959 (st), Dubois, J. 423 (BR); Vaku. 5°16’S 13°10’E, November 1923
ȋϐȌǡWellens 444ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͺǯͳͷιʹͲǯǡͳͳͻͻȋϐȌǡNsimundele 511 (BR); Réserve Luki, Parc
Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͳͻͻȋϐȌǡNsimundele 544 (BR); Gimbi. 5°31’S 13°22’E, 11 December
ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Wagemans 722 ȋ ȌǢ ǦǤ ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳͷιͶͲǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐȌǡ Nsimundele 842 (BR);
Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWagemans 1793ȋǡȌǢǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͳͻͶȋϐȌǡ
Toussaint, L. 2020ȋȌǢǯǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͶͳͻͶȋϐȌǡToussaint, L. 2031
ȋȌǢǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡToussaint, L. 2374 (BR); Kimbula. 5°43’S 15°58’E, 13 May 1959
ȋϐȌǡPauwels 3007ȋȌǢǤͷιͲͺǯͳͷιͲǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡPauwels 5250 (BR); Benga. 5°50’S
16°00’E, (fr), Vanderyst 15754 (BR); Benga. 5°50’S 16°00’E, (fr), Vanderyst 15764 (BR); Luki (Léopoldville).
5°38’S 13°07’E, 2 January 1947 (fr), Toussaint Luki 2065 (BM,BR,K,WAG); Boma, Luki, vallée de la N’Kula.
ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳ͵ιͲǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Toussaint Luki 2442 (BR,EA,WAG); ligne de crête N’kula-Ntosi. 5°38’S
ͳ͵ιͲǯǡͳ͵ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡToussaint Luki 2459 (BR,FHO); Equateur: Bikoro. 0°45’S 18°07’E, 1 October
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡMoureau-Cheuvard 4ȋȌǢǤͳιͲͲǯʹʹιͶͻǯǡͺͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡTheuwissen 5 (BR);
Ǥʹιʹǯʹͳι͵ͶǯǡʹͺͳͺͻȋϐǡȌǡThonner, F. 20 (BR); Djombo. 1°10’N 22°05’E, 21 November
1912 (fr), Mengé 36ȋȌǢǤͳιͲͺǯͳͻιͷǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐǡȌǡNannan 53
ȋȌǢǤͲι͵ͷǯʹʹιʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡMengé 84 (BR); Mabali. 0°53’N 18°07’E. Alt: 350m, 8 November
ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡThonet 133ȋȌǢǤͲιͲǯͳͻιͷͷǯǡ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡDubois, L. 295 (BR,K); Aela. 0°03’N
ͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLeemans 327ȋ ǡǡ ȌǢǤͲιͲͶǯͳͺιͳͲǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐǡȌǡLebrun 334 (BR); Zone
Ǥ ͲιͶͷǯ ͳͺιͲǯǤ ǣ ͵ͷͲǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͺͶȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Nsola 501 (BR); Bantoi. 0°04’N 18°20’E, June
ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡLebrun 534ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡLebrun 583 (BR); Eala, sentier Esobe. 0°04’N
18°20’E, 25 September 1946 (fr), Léonard, J.J.G. 742ȋǡ ȌǢǤʹιͳͳǯʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Bequaert 937ȋȌǢǤʹιͷ͵ǯʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡGiorgi 1007 (BR); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°26’E, April
ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡDubois, L. 1020ȋȌǢͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡPynaert 1073 (S); Wendji-environ. 0°04’S
18°10’E, August 1930 (st), Lebrun 1074ȋǡȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡLaurent, M.D.J.
1077 (BR); Bolima. 0°03’N 19°23’E, 14 September 1943 (fr), Hulstaert 1087 (BR); Wamba, zone de Djolu.
ͲιͲͳǯʹʹι͵͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡNsola 1203ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡLaurent,
M.D.J. 1465 (BR); environ d’Eala. 0°03’N 18°19’E, 19 July 1909 (fr), Laurent, M.D.J. 1466 (BR); 0°03’N 18°19’E,
ͳͲ ͳͻͲͷ ȋϐȌǡ Laurent, M.D.J. 1470 ȋǡȌǢ Ǥ ͲιͲͳǯ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ
Laurent, M.D.J. 1471 (BR); environ Bikoro. 0°45’S 18°07’E, December 1920 (fr), Goossens 2356 (BR); Likete.
ͲιͶ͵ǯʹͳιʹͶǯǡͳ ͳͺͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 2728 (BR); Yenge-Loile, limite Parc National. 0°52’S 20°12’E, 3
ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡEvrard, C.M. 4454ȋȌǢǦǤͳιͳ͵ǯͳͻιͶͻǯǡͳͺͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡ
Evrard, C.M. 4798ȋǡ ȌǢǦǤͳιͲͻǯʹʹιʹͶǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡEvrard, C.M. 5704
ȋȌǢǡǤͲιͷǯͳͻιͳͺǯǡͳʹͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡEvrard, C.M. 6103 (BR); Befale, env. 20 km
Ǥ Ͳιͷͳǯ ʹͳιͲͷǯǡ ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐȌǡ Dechamps 8081 (BR); Kasai: Miabi (Bakwanga). 6°12’S
23°23’E, 21 November 1956 (fr), Liben 1975 (US,WAG); Kasai-Occidental: Sankuru. 4°17’S 20°25’E, August
ͳͻͲ͵ȋϐȌǡSapin s.n. (BR); Kapulumba. 5°50’S 22°05’E, 5 January 1907 (fr), Sapin s.n. (BR); Muetshi. 4°42’S
ʹʹι͵ͻǯǡʹͷͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡCasier 447 (BR,WAG); Lusambo, route Luluabourg, rivière Mwanzangoma. 5°49’S
ʹʹιͶͳǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡLiben 2359ȋȌǢǤιͷͳǯʹ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͺͳͻͷȋϐȌǡLiben 3588 (BR);
Luluabourg. 5°54’S 22°25’E, 21 July 1930 (fr), Vanderyst 24078 (BR); Luluabourg. 5°54’S 22°25’E, 21 July
ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡVanderyst 24080ȋȌǢǤͷιͷͶǯʹʹιʹͷǯǡͶ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡVanderyst 24171 (BR); KasaiOrientalǣǤ͵ιʹͻǯʹʹιʹǯǡ ͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡClaessens s.n. (BR); Bena-Dibele. 4°07’S 22°50’E, 19 June
1905 (fr), Flamigni 116ȋȌǢǦǤ͵ιʹͷǯʹͶιʹͷǯǡʹͲ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡGillardin 234 (BR); Kole.
͵ιʹͻǯʹʹιʹǯǡͶ ͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡClaessens 298ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͳǯʹ͵ιͷͳǯǡͳͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡ
Lescrauwaert 387 ȋȌǢ Ǥ Ͷιͷǯ ʹ͵ι͵͵ǯǤ ǣ ͷͲͲǡ ͳͻ͵ͻ ȋϐȌǡ Gillardin 528 (BR,K); Sangaie.
Ͷιͷǯʹ͵ι͵͵ǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡGillardin 536ȋȌǢǦǤͶιͲǯʹʹιͷͲǯǡ ͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡClaessens
934 (BR); Katanga (Shaba)ǣǤͷι͵ǯʹι͵ǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡDelvaux 864 (BR,K); Kombe. 5°36’S
26°36’E, 12 October 1958 (fr), Delvaux 871 (BR,K); KinshasaǣǤͶιͳͶǯͳͷι͵͵ǯǡͳͻͲͲȋϐȌǡ
Butaye 1451 ȋȌǢ ±±ǡ Ǥ ͶιͳͲǯ ͳͷιͷͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Robbrecht 1725 (BR);
ǡ ±± ȋȌǤ Ͷι͵ͳǯ ͳͷιʹʹǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Pauwels 5852 (BR); Haut
Ǥ ͶιͳͶǯ ͳͷι͵͵ǯǡ ͳͻʹͷ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 14262 (BR); Maniema: Kindu. 2°57’S 25°55’E, (fr),
Rossignol 28ȋȌǢͶͷǤͲιͶͶǯʹι͵ͷǯǡ͵ ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡNdjele 237 (BR); Parc National de
ÃǡͶͷǡ±±ǡÃǡϐǤ
0°20’S 26°40’E, 1 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1603 (BR); Parc National de la Maïko, 45 km au nord de Lubutu, Péné
ǡÃǡϐǤͲιʹͲǯʹιͶͲǯǡͳ ͳͻȋȌǡLejoly
3
ǤͳͶͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͷͲ
1605ȋȌǢǦǤͲιͶͶǯʹι͵ͷǯǡͻ ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡBequaert 6878 (BR); Ǧ: Kisaro.
Ͳιͷͺǯʹͻι͵͵ǯǤǣͳͷͲͲǡʹͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡChristiaensen 614ȋȌǢǡϐǢ
route Watalinga. 0°45’N 29°50’E. Alt: 1000m, 1 February 1954 (fr), Witte, G.F. de 9729 (BR,K); route Watalinga.
ͲιͶͷǯʹͻιͷͲǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡͶ ͳͻͷͶȋϐǡȌǡWitte, G.F. de 9748 (BR); Orientale: Epulu and vicinity
200 miles east of Stanleyville. 1°23’N 28°36’E, 1935 (fr), Putman 14; Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 29 September
ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡBolema 32 (BR); Yambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, 1906 (fr), Solheid 39 (BR); Lenda. 1°19’N 28°38’E, 30
November 1997 (st), Amsini 56 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 11 October 1060 (fr), Menavanza 65 (BR);
ǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBolema 199ȋȌǢǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡʹ ͳͻʹȋϐǡ
fr), Yafunga 214 (BR); Yangambi. km 8. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 15 October 1935 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 260 (B,FHO); 60 km
°°ǡ°ǦǤͲιͳͳǯʹͷι͵ʹǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡMosango
494ȋȌǢǦǡǤͲιͷͺǯʹͷιͲͲǯǤǣͷͷͲǡͳʹͳͻ͵ͷȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 611
ȋȌǢǤ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡͳ͵ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡGérard, P. 612 (WAG); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 13 April
ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐǡȌǡGérard, P. 672 (BR,K); Yangambi, Km 7 route de Ngazi. 0°48’N 24°28’E. Alt: 470m, 25 November
ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Louis, J.L.P. 701 ȋȌǢ Ǥ Ͳι͵Ͳǯ ʹͷιͳʹǯǡ ͳ͵ ͳͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ Dewèvre 720 (BR);
ǡǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡ͵Ͳͳͻ͵ͷȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 745 (BM,BR,C); Yangambi,
Km 8 route de Ngazi. 0°48’N 24°28’E. Alt: 470m, 9 December 1935 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 788 (BR,P); environ
ǤʹιͶͲǯʹ͵ιͳͳǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡReygaert 800 (BR); Yalibutu. 1°04’N 24°40’E, 8 November 1961 (fr),
Bolema 819 ȋȌǢ ϐǡ Ǥ ͲιͶͳǤͺǯ ʹͶιͳʹǤʹǯǤ ǣ ͵ͺǡ ʹ
ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBoyekoli Ebale Congo 2010 Expedition 853ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡ
Léonard, A. 905 (BR); Mogandjo. 1°21’N 24°20’E, 10 March 1906 (fr), Laurent, M.D.J. 946 (BR); Yangambi.
ͲιͶǯ ʹͶιʹǯǡ ͳͺ ͳͻͷͺ ȋϐȌǡ Léonard, A. 960 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιʹͺǯ ʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡ ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Brédo,
HJAER 1026ȋȌǢǤ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡBrédo, HJAER 1036 (BR); plateau de Yaselia, en
ǡǤϐǤͲιͶͺǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͶ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1103
ȋȌǢǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡʹͲ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡBolema 1114 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, April 1934
(fr), Brédo, HJAER 1186 (BR); rivière Lubilaya, N.E. de Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°36’E. Alt: 470m, 16 February 1936
ȋϐȌǡ Louis, J.L.P. 1277 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͲιͶǯ ʹͶι͵Ͳǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐȌǡ Gilbert, G.C.C. 1361 (BR); Yangambi,
ǡͺǤǤͲιͶͻǯʹͶι͵ǯǤǣͶͲǡͳ͵ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1468 (BR);
ǡͶͷǤǡǡǡϐ
et Utambe. 0°20’S 26°40’E, 2 June 1977 (fr), Lejoly 1862 (BR); Entre Yamboa et Mongandjo, rivière Limbete.
ͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡEvrard, C.M. 2101ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis,
J.L.P. 2238ȋǡȌǢǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡʹͷͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2332 (BR); Bangamissa.
0°46’N 24°27’E, 28 May 1936 (fr), Gilbert, G.C.C. 2345ȋȌǢǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P.
2488 ȋǡȌǢ Ǥ ʹιͶͺǯ ʹͶιͶǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͳ ȋϐȌǡ Lebrun 2491 (BR,P); Mandefu. 2°08’N 29°30’E, 27
February 1914 (fr), Bequaert 2583ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͲʹǯʹͷιͳͲǯǡͳͻ͵ͳȋϐǡȌǡLebrun 2752 (BR,K,WAG);
ǤʹιͶʹǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡGérard, P. 2769 (BR,K); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 2 April 1962
ȋϐȌǡGérard, P. 5152 (BR); 0°46’N 24°27’E, 13 September 1937 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 6023 (BR,EA); ancienne route
ǤͲιͶǯʹͷιͳͶǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͺͶȋϐǡȌǡPauwels 6745 (BR); Stanleyville. 0°31’N 25°11’E, 9 March
ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡBequaert 7062ȋȌǢǡǤͲιͶʹǯʹ͵ιͷͲǯǡ͵ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡGermain, R.G.A. 8510
(BR,K); Vallée de l’Isalowe. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 9 May 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 8805 (BR,C); Yamboa, 25 km au N.W.
ǤͲιͷͻǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͳͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 8973 (BR); Yangambi. 0°46’N 24°27’E.
ǣͶͲǡʹͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 9086 (BR); Yalibwa, 22 km au N.W. de Yangambi. 0°56’N 24°30’E. Alt:
ͶͲǡʹͷ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 9962 (BR); Yangambi, plateau de l’Isolowe. 0°46’N 24°27’E, 17 August
1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 10868ȋǡȌǢǡ±ϐ ǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡͻ
ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 11188ȋȌǢǡǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡʹͺͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡ
Louis, J.L.P. 11365ȋȌǢǯ ǡǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡͳͳͳͻ͵ͺȋϐǡ
fr), Louis, J.L.P. 12536 (BR); vallée de la rivière Lomoma, Nord de Ngazi. 1°03’N 24°31’E. Alt: 470m, 5 February
ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13548ȋǡȌǢǡ±ǤͲι͵ǯʹͶιʹͳǯǤǣͶͲǡ ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡ
Louis, J.L.P. 14136ȋȌǢͷǤͳιͳǯʹͶι͵͵ǯǡͳͷͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 14819 (BR,S);
ǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡͳͺͳͻ͵ͻȋϐǡȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 14884 (BR); Malélé, 15 km à l’Est de
Ǥ Ͳι͵ʹǯ ʹͷιʹͳǯǡ ʹͻ ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐȌǡ Lejoly 81/ 458 (BR,BRLU); Sud-Kivu: Kimbili. 2°41’S
28°12’E. Alt: 1500m, 7 October 1937 (fr), Paquay 11 (BR); Irangi, Km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. 1°53’S
ʹͺιʹǯǤǣͺͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡChristiaensen 373 (BR); Kabishula. 1°55’S 28°35’E. Alt: 1000m, 13
ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡChristiaensen 393 (BR); abords de Kigulube, à l’Ouest de Bukavu sur la route vers Shanbunda
par Kimbili. 2°39’S 28°01’E, July 1949 (fr), Michelson, A. 925 (BR); abords de Kigulube, à l’Ouest de Bukavu sur
Ǥʹι͵ͻǯʹͺιͲͳǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡMichelson, A. 1095 (BR); route BukavuShabunda. 2°41’S 28°28’E, 20 August 1958 (fr), Pierlot 2417 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi,
3.7 Materials and Methods
± Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 2480 (BR,COI); Kalehe.vers Km 110
ǦǢ ǡ± Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǡʹͳ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡTroupin 3153 (BR,K); Km
ͳͳͲǡ Ǧǡ ǡ ± Ǥ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͻ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ
Troupin 3387ȋǡȌǢǡǡǤʹιͲͶǯʹͺι͵Ͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡGutzwiller 3659 (BR,K);
Ǥ ʹι͵ͷǯ ʹͺιͲͷǯǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Léonard, A. 3856 (BR,K); vers KM 108 route Kavumu-Walikale.
ͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 3878 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC.
Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳͻ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 4043 (BR,G,K,US); Kalehe, vers km 110
ǦǢ ǡ ± Ǥ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ
Troupin 4049 (K,UPS,WAG); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 30
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4283 (K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II.
ͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4293 (B,BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route KavumuǤͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡ͵ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4305 (K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumuǡ ǡ± Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4338
(BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, Réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt:
ͻͲͲǡͻͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4347 (B,K,WAG); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. Catena
Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳͲͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4358 (K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale,
ǡ± Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳʹͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4364 (BR,K); Km
110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena I. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 12 September 1957
ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 4368 (BR,EA,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, Réserve IRSAC. 1°53’S
ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 4372 (K,WAG); vers km 110 route kavum-Walikale;
± Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǡͳͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4394 (BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route
ǦǢ ǡ± Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳͺͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin
4397 (BR,K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. CAtena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt:
ͻͲͲǡͳͻͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4409 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC.
Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͲͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4421 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumuǡ ǡ± Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͳͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4428
(BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 23
ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 4438 (BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale; Irangi, Réserve
Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4460 (K,WAG); Km 110, route
Ǧǡ ǡ ± Ǥ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ʹ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin
4475 (BR,K); Kalehe, vers km 110 route Kavumu-Walikale. Irangi réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt:
ͻͲͲǡͻ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4499 (BR,K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC.
Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹʹ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡTroupin 4557 (BR,K); Km 110, route KavumuWalikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 25 October 1957 (fr), Troupin 4584
ȋǡǡȌǢ ǡ ͳͳͲ ǦǤ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ
Troupin 4657 (BR,K,WAG); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena I. 1°53’S 28°27’E.
ǣͻͲͲǡͳʹͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡTroupin 4685 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve
Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳ͵ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡTroupin 4692 (BR,K); Km 110, route
Ǧǡ ǡ ± Ǥ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳ ͳͻͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Troupin 4707 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena II. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt:
ͻͲͲǡʹͳͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 4720 (BR,K); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC.
Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͵ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 5339 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumuǡ ǡ ± Ǥ Ǥ ͳιͷ͵ǯ ʹͺιʹǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Troupin 5360
(BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt: 900m, 7
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 5373 (BR,UPS); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena
Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͲ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡTroupin 5462 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale,
ǡ± Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͺͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡTroupin 7685 (BR); Km 110,
Ǧǡ Ǥͺͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͺͲǡͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡTroupin 10214 (BR); Km
ͳͳͲǡǦǡ ǡ± Ǥ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡʹͶͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡ
Troupin 10683 (BR); Km 110, route Kavumu-Walikale, Irangi, réserve IRSAC. Catena III. 1°53’S 28°27’E. Alt:
ͺͲǡʹͻͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡTroupin 10831 (BR).
, Rio Muni, Centro SurǣǤ ±ǡ
Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιͳͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͺȋϐǡȌǡPérez Viso 38 (MA); SE du Parc National de Monte Alen, sur le
transect ECOFAC de Nkumekie. 1°28.8’N 10°17.9’E, 3 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 40 (BRLU); Parc National
ǡ Ǥͳι͵ǯͳͲιͲʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡReeth 302 (BRLU); Parc National
de Monte Alen, entre la station ECOFAC de Mosumo et Monte Boracho. 1°36.1’N 10°02.7’E, 14 February 2001
3
Ǥͳͷͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͷʹ
ȋϐȌǡSenterre 392 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 30 June 1999 (fr), Nguema Miyono
426ȋȌǢ Ǥͳι͵ǯͳͲιͳǯǡʹͻͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡNgomo 475 (BRLU); Monte
°Ǥ ͳι͵ǯ ͳͲιͳǯǡ ͵ͳ ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Ngomo 516 (BRLU); région continentale. Etembue, Espigon
ȋ±ȌǤͳιͳǯͻιʹǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡObama 605 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen,
2 km au NE du site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.4’N 10°04.6’E, 19 January 2002
(st), Senterre 1972ȋȌǢǣ ±ǣǤͳι͵͵ǯͳͲιͳʹǯǡʹͺ
ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡPérez Viso 3303 (MA); SE du parc National de Monte Alen, au Sud du Rio Lana, près de la Cabana
ǤͳιʹǤ͵ͲǯͳͲιͳʹǤ͵ͺǯǤǣͺͷͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡSenterre 3315 (BRLU); Parc National
ǡͳ͵Ͳ ǤͳιͶͲǯͳͲιͳǯǤǣͳͳͳͲǡʹʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡParmentier
3414 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, à 1h30 de marche du site ECOFAC. 1°40’N 10°17’E. Alt: 1110m,
ʹ ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Parmentier 3425 (BRLU); Parc national de Monte Alen, transect de Monte Alen. 1°39’N
ͳͲιͳͺǯǡ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡLejoly 94/ 166 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 5 km au NO de Engong.
ͳι͵ǯͳͲιͳͺǯǤǣͳͳʹͲǡ͵ ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡLejoly 99/ 130 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, 5 km
NO du village Engong. 1°37’N 10°18’E. Alt: 1120m, 21 January 1999 (fr), Lejoly 99/ 445 (BRLU); montagne
°Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹͺǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLisowski 1368 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: région
ǡȋ±ȌǤͳιͳǯͻιʹǯǡͳͳͻͻȋϐȌǡEneme Efua 2 (BRLU); région
ǡȀȋ±ȌǤͳιʹͲǯͻιʹͺǯǡͳͻͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡEneme Efua
101ȋȌǢ×ǤͳιʹǯͻιͷͺǯǤǣͻͶͲǡ͵ͲͳͻͻȋϐȌǡObama 335 (BRLU,WAG);
ǣ ǣǤǤǤͲιͷͷǯͻιͳͺǯǡͳͷ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡPérez Viso 1987 (MA); Bata-Bome.
ͳιͶͻǤͻǯͻιͶͷǤͲǯǡͳʹͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 4764 (MA,WAG); 11 km S of Bata, along coastal road
and then 2 km along track in Southern direction. 1°45.7’N 9°44.2’E. Alt: 5m, 25 February 1998 (st), Wilde,
J.J.F.E. de 11988ȋ ȌǢǡ°ǤͳιͳǯͻιʹǯǡͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLisowski
520ȋȌǢǡ°ǯǤͳιͳǯͻιʹǯǡͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLisowski 1111 (BRLU); Rio
ǡ: inselberg de Mungum, à 45 minutes de marche du village de Kukumancoc. 1°19’N 10°49’E.
Alt: 750m, 22 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 3348 (BRLU); inselberg de Mungum, à 45 mn de marche du village
Kukumancoc. 1°19’N 10°49’E. Alt: 750m, 22 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 3389 (BRLU).
, Estuaire: Parc National de la Pongara. Pointe Ouingombé à 6 Km de la Pointe Denis. 0°19.2’N
ͻιͳͻǤͳǯǤǣͳͲǡͷ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡDauby 9 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Billagone. 0°01’N 9°48’E, 16 September
ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡThomson, A.P. 37 (K,P); Parc National de la Pongara. Entre la pointe Ouingombé et la pointe Denis. A
ά ͳ ±Ǥ ͲιͳͻǤǯ ͻιͳͻǤͷǯǤ ǣ ͳͲǡ ʹʹ ʹͲͲ ȋϐȌǡ Dauby 69
ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͻι͵Ͳǯǡ ʹʹ ͳͺͺͲ ȋϐȌǡ Soyaux 133 (BM,K,P); Forest
ǡʹͲǤǤǤͲιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͳʹǯǤǣͳͲǡʹ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde (WALK-B)289
ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢͳͺͶȋϐȌǡGriffon du Bellay 325 (P); Nkoulounga. 0°42’N 9°50’E, 11 July 1959 (st), Hallé,
N. 751ȋȌǢ ǤͳǦǤͲι͵ͶǯͻιʹͲǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡʹͷ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Wilde (WALK-B) 762 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,SRGH,WAG); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N 9°20’E,
10 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 820 (LBV,WAG); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N 9°20’E,
10 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 822 (LBV,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 6225m on transect D. 0°35’N 10°26’E,
ʹͶʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡNguema Miyono 1444 (LBV,WAG); Monts de Cristal. 0°47’N 10°12’E, December 1959
(fr), Aubréville 1959/ 123 (P); Ǧ±: Batéké Plateau National Park, Bai Djobo. 2°13.2’S 13°50.8’E. Alt:
ͶͷͲǡʹͲͲȋϐǡȌǡNguema Ekomo 738 (LBV,WAG); 20 km E de Lelama. 1°00’S 13°43’E. Alt:
ͶͶͳǡ ͳ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bissiengou 901 (LBV,WAG); 70km S of Okondja on road to Franceville.
ͳιͲǤͷǯ ͳ͵ι͵͵Ǥ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ʹ ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Sosef 2191 (LBV,MO,WAG); 6 km route Moanda Ǥͳι͵͵ǯͳ͵ιͳͷǯǤǣͶͷͲǡ͵ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBreteler 6283 (WAG); Lekoko forest exploitation,
ͲǤʹιͲ͵ǯͳ͵ιͲͲǯǤǣͲͲǡͳͶ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBreteler 6912 (P,WAG); near Okondja.
0°37’S 13°31’E, 29 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14115 (WAG); near Okondja, ‘Route de Falaises’, 0°37’S
13°31’E. Alt: 700m, 6 October 1997 (st), Breteler 14231 (WAG); 9 km S of Bambidie (± 30 km E of Lastoursville).
0°42’S 13°00’E, 7 October 1997 (st), Breteler 14247 (BR,BRLU,MO,WAG); Ǧ±: Camp Mboumi,
ǤͲιʹͷǯͳͲιͷͲǯǡʹͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡAzizet Issembé 249 (LBV,WAG); Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest
±±ǤͲιͶǤͲͺǯͳͲι͵ʹǤͲǯǤǣͷͷǡʹ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡBidault 1015 (LBV,MO); Ayem, SW de
Ndjolé. 0°22’S 10°35’E, 24 April 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 1829 (P); Mabounié. 0°47.00’S 10°32.63’E. Alt: 73m, 13
ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡSonké 6009 (MO); Mabounie. 0°48.23’S 10°30.10’E. Alt: 98m, 25 October 2012 (fr), Sonké
6162ȋȌǢ͵Ͳ±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤǣͳͷͲǡʹͻͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡBreteler 13077 (WAG);
͵Ͳ±ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤǣͳͷͲǡ͵ͲͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡBreteler 13094 (WAG); ±:
ǤǤͳιͶͳǯͳͲιͷǯǡȋϐȌǡWalker, A.A. s.n. (P); Est du Parc National de Waka, à ± 5 km au Sud
°Ǥͳιͳ͵ǤǯͳͳιͳǤ͵ǯǤǣͳ͵ǡͳ ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡDauby 560 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); entre
village Mbinambi et Nzenzelé. 2°20.30’S 11°40.28’E. Alt: 266m, 16 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1363 (LBV,WAG);
3.7 Materials and Methods
entre village Mbinambi et Nzenzelé. 2°20.30’S 11°40.28’E. Alt: 266m, 16 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1365
(LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°19.34’S 11°56.34’E. Alt: 311m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1388
(LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.98’S 11°55.58’E. Alt: 404m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1391
(LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.98’S 11°55.58’E. Alt: 404m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1393
(LBV,WAG); vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.08’S 11°53.10’E. Alt: 411m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1398
(LBV,WAG); CFAD de Rimbunan Hijau, au Sud-Ouest du Parc National de la Lopé. 0°51.1’S 11°15.9’E. Alt:
͵ͷǡ ʹͻ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Dauby 1466 (BRLU,LBV,MO); E of Waka National Park, along the road from
ǤͳιͲͻǤͷǯͳͳιͳͻǤͻǯǤǣͺ͵Ͳǡʹ ʹͲͲȋϐǡȌǡSosef 2571
(BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 10 km on the road Ikobey to Bakongue, Eghaba Mountain. 1°02.0’S 11°02.6’E. Alt: 650m,
ʹͺʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4465 (WAG); Modoumou. 1°38’S 11°25’E, October 1925 (st), Le Testu
5598 (BM,P); Moumba Côté Ouest. 1°15’S 11°35’E. Alt: 800m, 19 May 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 6051 (P); 53 km road
ǤͳιͶʹǤͻǯͳͳιʹͳǤʹͷǯǤǣͲͷǡͻ ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7225 (WAG); 22 km along a
ǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲι͵ǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͶ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E.
de 9152 (BR,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Massif de Chaillu, au nord-est de Mouila; chantier Leroy; à l’est de
±ǡͳιͷǯͳͳιʹͺǯǤǣͶͲͲǡʹͳͻͺͻȋϐȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 13959 (MO,WAG); : Côte du
Ǥ͵ιʹͷǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡͳͻʹʹȋϐȌǡPiveteau s.n. (P); Nyanga. 2°57’S 10°20’E, 20 January 1894 (st), Dybowski, J.
20 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ʹι͵͵Ǥǯ ͳͲιͶͶǤǯǤ ǣ ͻ͵ǡ ͳͷ ʹͲͲͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bourobou 243 (LBV,WAG); route
ǦǤ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲǤͶǯǤ ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 515 (LBV,WAG); route
ǦǤ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲǤͶǯǤ ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 516 (LBV,WAG); route
ǦǤ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲǤͶǯǤ ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 519 (LBV,WAG); route
ǦǤ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲǤͶǯǤ ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 520 (LBV,WAG); route
ǦǤ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲǤͶǯǤ ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 521 (LBV,WAG); route
ǦǤ ʹιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲǤͶǯǤ ǣ ʹͷʹǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bissiengou 522 (LBV,WAG);
mayumba peninsular 15 km S of Mayumba town, the surf of the ocean within hearing distance. 3°30’S 10°44’E.
ǣͷǡͳͺ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde (WALK-B) 658 (LBV,WAG); chantier CEB, Monts Doudou 20 km WSW of
ǤʹιʹͷǯͳͲι͵ͲǯǤǣͷǡʹͲͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 1095 (LBV,MO,NY,WAG); Mayumba. 3°25’S
ͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M. 2229 (LBV,MO,WAG); chantier SFN. 2°37.42’S 10°32.36’E. Alt: 350m,
ʹͺ ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Valkenburg 2662 (LBV,MO,WAG); ±Ǧ : Bjaddié Liboumba-Bafoala
±Ǥ±ǡͺ±ǤͲιͷͲǯͳ͵ιʹͻǯǡͳͶͳͻȋϐȌǡHallé; Le Thomas 299 (P);
±±ǡǤͲιͳ͵ǯͳͳι͵ͶǯǤǣͷͲͲǡͳͻ ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡSosef 510 (LBV,P,WAG);
±ǡ ǡ Dz±°dzǤͳιͲͶǯͳ͵ιͳͳǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡͳʹ
ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡBreteler; Wilde 544 (WAG); 24 km along the SOMIFER-road towards Makokou. 0°54’N 13°12’E.
ǣͻͷǡͳͺͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler; Wildeȋǡǡ ȌǢͳͷ ϐ±Ǧ ǤͲιͳǯ
ͳʹιͳ͵ǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡWilks 769 (LBV,WAG); Lope. 0°05.03’S 11°36.45’E. Alt: 123m, 5 September
ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡTowns 969 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°25.8’S
11°52.2’E. Alt: 236m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1018 (LBV,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour
vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°25.8’S 11°52.2’E. Alt: 236m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1021 (LBV,WAG);
route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°26.2’S 11°52.3’E. Alt: 282m, 5 March 2010
(fr), Bissiengou 1027 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 21 km après village Zadié. 0°53.07’N 13°10.23’E. Alt: 535m,
11 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1124 (LBV,WAG); Lope, Point de Vue. 0°10.0’S 11°34.7’E. Alt: 600m, 19 August
ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡTowns 1124 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 22 km après village Zadié. 0°53.43’N 13°10.25’E. Alt: 669m,
ͳͳ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bissiengou 1129 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 23 km après village Zadié. 0°53.5’N
ͳ͵ιͳͲǤ͵ǯǤǣͻǡͳͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1135 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 23½ km après village
±ǤͲιͷ͵Ǥʹǯͳ͵ιͳͲǤ͵ͲǯǤǣͳͺǡͳͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1137 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 27 km
après village Zadié. 0°55.41’N 13°10.95’E. Alt: 888m, 11 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1140 (LBV,WAG); route
±ǡ͵Ͷ°±ǤͶ ° ǤͲιͷǤͻͻǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͷͲǯǤǣ
ͺͷͳǡͳͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1141 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 34 km après village Zadié. 4 km du
° ǤͲιͷͺǤͲǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͷǯǤǣͺͷͳǡͳͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1142
ȋǡ ȌǢ±ǡ͵Ͷ°±ǤͶ ° ǤͲιͷͺǯ
ͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤǣͺͷͳǡͳͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1147 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5 km après village Mbondo.
0°53’N 13°10’E. Alt: 586m, 12 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1155 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5 km après village
Ǥ Ͳιͷ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳͲǯǤ ǣ ͷͺǡ ͳʹ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 1156 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 9 km
° ± ǦǤ ͳιͲʹǤͳͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳͳǤͶǯǤ ǣ ͺͲǡ ͳʹ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 1160
(LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée Belinga-Mayibout. 1°02.91’N 13°12.10’E. Alt: 894m, 12 March
ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1165 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée Belinga-Mayibout. 1°03’N 13°12’E.
ǣ ͺͻͶǡ ͳʹ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 1167 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée Belinga-
3
Ǥͳͷ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͷͶ
Ǥ ͳιͲ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤ ǣ ͺͻͶǡ ͳʹ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bissiengou 1170 (LBV,WAG); route MakokouMekambo, 1 km de l’antènne Celtel. 0°49.02’N 13°28.16’E. Alt: 738m, 13 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1186
(LBV,WAG); Lope. 0°05.03’S 11°36.57’E. Alt: 130m, 8 October 2012 (fr), Towns 1382 (LBV,WAG); Lope.
ͲιͳͳǤʹͺǯͳͳι͵Ǥ͵ǯǤǣʹͳ͵ǡͻ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡTowns 1392 (LBV,WAG); Département de Booué, Parc
±ǤͲιͲͷǤ͵ǯͳͳι͵ͷǤͺǯǡͳʹͲͳʹȋϐǡȌǡQuiroz-Villarreal 1542 (WAG); 74 km ENE
ʹ ±Ǥ ͲιͷͲǯ ͳ͵ιʹͻǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Wieringa, J.J. 1557
(C,LBV,MO,WAG); Mt. Sassamongo, rocky plateau W of Sassamongo village. 0°49.70’N 13°27.52’E. Alt: 486m,
ͳʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡNgok Banak 1776 (LBV,WAG); 4km NNW of Ikei-Bokaboka, Bengoué Mountain. 0°57.13’N
ͳ͵ιͶͳǤͶǯǤǣͺͷǡͳͺʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡNgok Banak 1843 (LBV,P,WAG); Bélinga. 1°05’N 13°08’E, 24 October
1964 (st), Hallé, N. 2763ȋȌǢʹͲ±ǤͲιͲʹǯͳͳιͶͺǯǡͳͳͻͺȋȌǡReitsma,
J.M. 3403ȋ ȌǢʹͷǤͲιʹͲǯͳͳιͷǯǡʹͲͳͻͺȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3502 (MA,WAG);
Ivindo National Park. Langoué Bai. 0°11.22’S 12°33.36’E, 27 November 2002 (fr), Stone, J.R. 3528 (LBV,MO);
Mt. Sassamongo, rocky plateau W of Sassamongo village. 0°49.65’N 13°27.55’E. Alt: 540m, 9 January 2001
ȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4032ȋ ȌǢǡǯ ǤͲι͵Ͷǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFarron 7539 (P);
ͳ ±ǤͲιͳͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǯǤǣͶͲͲǡʹͶͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de
11416 (BR,LBV,MO,SEGC,WAG); Camp de la Makande, 0°41’S 11°54’E, 21 July 1993 (st), Lejoly 93/ 254 (BRLU);
±Ǧ: 10 km along the road Lastoursville-Mékouyi. 0°53’S 12°39’E. Alt: 250m, 25 September 1978
ȋϐȌǡBreteler; Wilde 795ȋ ȌǢ±ǤͲιͳͺǯͳʹιͶͲǯǤǣͶͷǡͳʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou
888 (LBV,WAG); route de Bambidie vers Milolé. 0°33’S 12°48’E, 19 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 929
ȋǡ ȌǢͳͲ ϐ ǦǤͲιͶͻǯͳͳιͷͶǯǡͳͳͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡDibata 1190 (MO,WAG); 25
ǦǤ ͲιͷͺǤ͵ǯ ͳʹι͵ͶǤǯǤ ǣ ʹͷͲǡ ʹͻ ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐȌǡ Sosef 2095
(LBV,MO,WAG); concession de CEB, Nord de la zone de Milolé, Sud du Parc National de l’Ivindo. 0°15.2’S 12°44.3’E.
ǣ͵ͻ͵ǡͳʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡDauby 2291 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Makande study zone. 0°42’S 11°54’E, 26 July 1993
ȋϐȌǡWilks 2690 (MO,WAG); 16 km E of Lastoursville Road bridge. Chantier SBL. 0°48’S 12°48’E, 17 November 1988
(fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5530 (WAG); 40 km ENE of Lastoursville, 20 km on road from Bambidie heading N.
Ͳι͵Ǥͺǯͳ͵ιͲͲǤͻͲǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡʹͷ ʹͲͲͺȋϐǡȌǡWieringa, J.J. 6156 (LBV,WAG); 30 km E of Lastoursville, 5
Ǥ ͲιͶǤͷǯ ͳʹιͷǤͶǯǤ ǣ ͵ͳͷǡ ʹ ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐȌǡ Wieringa, J.J. 6186
ȋǡ ȌǢ ͵Ͳ ǡ ǡ ͶǤͺ ȀʹǤ ͲιͶ͵ǤͲͲǯ
ͳ͵ιͲʹǤͷǯǤǣ͵ͳͷǡͳͺ ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7521 (WAG); 30 km ENE of Lastoursville, east of Bambidie,
ȀʹǤͲιͶͶǤ͵Ͳǯͳ͵ιͲͳǤͳͲǯǤǣ͵ͳͷǡʹͳ ʹͲͳ͵ȋȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7609
ȋ ȌǢ͵ͲǡǡʹǤȀʹǤͲιͶ͵Ǥǯ
ͳ͵ιͲʹǤͳǯǤǣ͵ʹͲǡʹͳ ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7616 (WAG); 30 km E of Lastoursville. 0°40’S 13°00’E, 6 May
1992 (fr), Breteler 11324 (LBV,WAG); c. 60km E of Lastoursville. 0°50’S 13°20’E, 12 December 1993 (fr), Breteler
12592 (WAG); East of Lastoursville, near Bambidie, C.E.B. chantier. Tall forest. 0°46’S 13°00’E. Alt: 250m, 30
ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 16751 (MO,WAG); ±Ǧ: Gamba, west bank of Vevy lagoon.
2°46.9’S 10°00.8’E, 22 December 1995 (fr), Houten, M.H. van den 16 (MO,WAG); Monvorobe. 0°54’S 8°57’E, June
ͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡPobéguin (central Africa series) 58ȋȌǢ ǡǼ ǽǤʹιͶǤͷʹǯͳͲιͲ͵ǤͺǯǡʹͲʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡ
Raymakers 71 (LBV,WAG); Parc National Loango, 5m de l’hotel a gauche, apres l’Ile des chauves-sourris. 1°55.18’S
ͻιʹʹǤͷ͵ǯǤǣʹǡʹͳʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡMouandza Mbembo 89 (BR,K,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Gamba, laterite road to Pont
ǡ Ǥ ʹιͶͺǤͳǯ ͳͲιͲʹǤͷǯǤ ǣ ͷǡ ͳʹ ͳͻͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Bergen 94 (FHO,IAGB,MO,PRE,WAG); RabiKounga. Direction Echira. 1°59’S 9°51’E, 11 November 1991 (fr), Schoenmaker, J. 133 (WAG); Eastern foothills of the
ǤʹιͳͷǯͳͲιʹͲǯǤǣͷͺͲǡ ͳͻͺͶȋϐȌǡArends 684 (WAG); Toucan. 1°47’S 9°53’E, 18
ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡBourobou 763 (LBV); Monts Doudou, à ± 40km au Nord-Ouest de Doussala, autour du campement
II. 2°13’S 10°24’E. Alt: 375m, 7 April 2000 (fr), Sosef 1146 (LBV,WAG); Gamba, near N’Dogo. 2°44’S 10°00’E, 29 July
ͳͻͻʹȋϐǡȌǡWieringa, J.J. 1323 (C,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Shell concession, Rabi, N of airport. 1°55.7’S 9°52.4’E. Alt:
ͷǡ ʹͶ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Dauby 2133 (BRLU,LBV,MO); 15 km SE of Port Gentil. 0°50’S 8°52’E. Alt: 1m, 13
ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 5532 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ʹιͶǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ʹ͵ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 5646
(B,WAG); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km south of Iguela., 10m, 2°00.6’S 9°23.2’E. Alt:
10m, 1 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8277 (E,E,LBV,WAG); Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km
south of Iguela. 2°00’S 9°23’E. Alt: 10m, 3 May 2005 (st), Harris, D.J. 8354 (E,IG,LBV,WAG); 60 km along an
ǤǤǤ ǤʹιͳʹǯͳͲιͳͳǯǤǣʹͲͲǡʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡWilde,
J.J.F.E. de 8976 (BR,C,K,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); 30 km N.W. of Doussala, in the direction of Bongo. 2°12’S 10°24’E.
Alt: 400m, 16 March 1988 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9396ȋ ȌǢǦǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡ
Breteler 10131ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡǤʹιͲͳǤͳǯͻιʹ͵ǤͷǯǤǣͳͲǡͺʹͲͳͳȋϐȌǡ
Maas, P.J.M. 10169 (LBV,UC,WAG); Gamba, just S of Shell jetty (oil terminal) 200 m from ocean shore. 2°47.3’S
ͳͲιͲͳǤͳǯǤ ǣ ͷǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 11131 (BRLU,E,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Gamba, along the
3.7 Materials and Methods
airport. 2°48’S 10°03’E, 23 July 1998 (st), Breteler 14453ȋǡǡǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ ǡϐ
Shell., 2°42’S 9°56’E, 4 November 1998 (st), Breteler 14543 (BR,K,LBV,MO,PR,S,WAG); Gamba, near airport. 2°42’S
9°56’E, 5 November 1998 (st), Breteler 14570 (LBV,WAG); village Yombé, aux environs de Cap-Lopez. 0°55’S 9°23’E,
ͳͺͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 26718 (P); Ǧ: along logging road in Bordamur concession area,
some 19 km from the WWF-station. 1°08’N 11°47’E. Alt: 560m, 7 October 2002 (fr), Strijk 25 (LBV,WAG); Bordamur
consession area, some 40 km from WWF-station, at logging road construction site. 1°14’N 11°53’E. Alt: 570m, 10
October 2002 (fr), Strijk 88 (LBV,MO,WAG); Assok, on transect F. 0°43’N 10°23’E, 17 January 2001 (fr), MayomboNzengue 214ȋȌǢͳͳ ǡ ǡ
forestry camp. 0°42.9’N 11°37.8’E. Alt: 488m, 7 November 2009 (st), Bissiengou 764 (LBV,WAG); 48 km NE of
ǡ Ǥ ͳιͲͶǤͺǯ ͳͳιͷʹǤʹǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ͺ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Bissiengou 810ȋȌǢ Ǧ ±ǡǤͲιͶͲǯͳͳιʹʹǯǤǣͲǡͺͳͻͺͷȋϐǡȌǡReitsma, J.M.
911 (LBV,NY,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 12 February 2010
(st), Bissiengou 953 (LBV,WAG); concession Rougier du Haut-Abanga, Sud-Est de Mikongo, partie Nord des
±ǤͲιʹͷǤ͵ǯͳͳιͳ͵ǤͷǯǤǣ͵ǡͳ ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡDauby 1012 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Crystal Mountains,
ͳͲͷͲ ǤͲι͵ǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͳͷʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡNguema Miyono 1320 (LBV,WAG); Chantier Rougier
ǡǢ ʹͷ ǤͲιͶͶǯͳͳιʹʹǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 1548 (BR,WAG);
Chantier Rougier-Océan, 25 km NNW of Oveng. 0°44’N 11°22’E, 25 September 1985 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 1591 (WAG);
±±ǡǤͳιʹʹǤͶͺǯͳʹι͵ʹǤ͵ͻǯǤǣͷͳͷǡͶʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡNgok Banak
1619 (LBV,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 40 km NE of Mitzic. 1°04.8’N 11°52.4’E. Alt: 500m, 6 February
ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡSosef 1879 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Inventory Oveng; 25 km WSW of Mintsic. 0°44’N 11°22’E, 6 November
1986 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 2494 (WAG); Crystal Mountains, 5 km on old road Tchimbélé to Asok. 0°38.51’N 10°24.77’E.
ǣͲͲǡͳʹ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4699 (WAG); 40 km on the road E. of SEF Camp. 0°48’N 10°50’E. Alt:
ͷͲͲǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐȌǡ Leeuwenberg 13515 (WAG); Minkébé area, river Nouna. 1°43’N 12°51’E, 18
ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series D 52 (K,LBV,MAKOK,MO,P,WAG); Minkébé area, near plot R. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6
ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series W 95 (WAG); Minkébé area, summit Mt. Minkébé. 1°37’N 12°50’E, 9 May 1990 (fr),
Minkébé Series W 260ȋ ȌǢ ±±Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡͳͲͳͻͻͲȋϐǡȌǡMinkébé
Series W 290 (WAG); Minkébé area, 1600 m on transect A. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 24 May 1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 469
ȋ ȌǢ ±± ǡ Ǥ ͳιͶͶǯ ͳʹιͷʹǯǡ ʹͷ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Minkébé Series W 668
ȋǡǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ ±± ǡ ͳͲ ͳͲ ǡ ʹǦͳʹ ͺͳͷǦͺʹͷ
transect B. 1°30’N 12°48’E, February 1990 (st), Minkébé Series X 146 (WAG).
, Western Region: Ankasa Game Reserve following footpath right just after entrance going parallel with
Ǥ ͷιͳ͵ǯ ʹι͵ͻǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 2156 (MO,WAG); 4°56’N 2°21’W. Alt: 15m,
November 1928 (st), Vigne FH 1456 (BM,FHO,K); Ankasa FR 5°15’N 2°37’W, 30 December 1966 (st), Enti GC 36217
(K).
Ǧ , Bijagós: Bolama, sector de Uno. Ilha de Orange, Rio Amebaca de Ambuduco. 11°10’N 16°06’W,
ʹʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡCatarino 858 (LISC,WAG); Tombali: Camocote environ Jemberem (Guinée Bissau). 11°13’N
ͳͷιͲʹǯǤǣʹͲǡʹͲ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡMalaisse 14521 (BR); Camocome. 11°14’N 15°02’W, 5 November 1995
ȋϐȌǡMalaisse 14794 (BR).
IVORY COAST, AboissoǣǤͷιʹͺǯ͵ιͳʹǯǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 17763 (LY); San±ǣ ²±ǡǦǤͶιͷͳǤͺǯιʹǤͷǯǡʹͷ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡ
Jongkind 4745ȋ ǡ ǡ ȌǤ
LIBERIA, Bong: Bong Range. 6°49’N 10°20’W. Alt: 100m, 9 July 1960 (st), Voorhoeve 12 (WAG); Western part of
Ǧ͵ʹǤǤιͶͻǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡʹͳͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E.
de 3884 (A,EA,K,MA,WAG); Grand Gedeh: Putu Hills, East Range, East slope. 5°39.3’N 8°10.5’W. Alt: 490m, 17
ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9097 (WAG); Montserrado: Gola National Forest, Bomi Hills. 6°56’N 10°45’W, 22 July
1965 (st), Meer, P.P.C. van 22ȋ ȌǢDzdzǡǤιͷͷǯͳͲι͵ͻǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͷȋȌǡMeer,
P.P.C. van 58 (WAG); Gola National Forest, NE of Bomi Hills, high forest on banks of Mahe river. 6°55’N 10°45’W, 27
ͳͻȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 1910ȋ ǡ ȌǢ ¡ǡϐǤϐǤιͳǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡͳ
ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡDinklage 3016 (Z); Gola National Forest, 12 km NE of Bomi Hills. 6°56’N 10°45’W, 15 April
ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3805 (A,K,WAG); : Mt Yuelliton, 7°33.92’N 8°37.97’W. Alt: 740m, 11 January 2009
ȋϐȌǡJongkind 8419 (WAG); Bobei Mt 7°22’N 8°36’W, 29 September 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 9584 (K); Sino: southwest
ǤͷιͳͺǤʹǯͺιͶͶǤͺǯǤǣͳͻͲǡ͵ͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡDaniels, A.K. 50 (MO,SL,WAG);
ǯǤͷιʹͲǤʹǯͺιͶͺǤͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͶ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡ
Jongkind 8783 (WAG); inside Sapo NP close to cano crossing of the Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°48’W. Alt: 100m, 11 March
ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡJongkind 8935 (WAG).
3
Ǥͳͷͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
, Cross River State: Oban forest reserve. About 1.5 miles west of mile 66, along Calabar-Mamfe motor
Ǥ ͷιʹͷǯ ͺι͵ͻǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Okafor FHI 36169 (FHO); Edo Stateǣ Ǥ ιͲǯ ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Kennedy, J.D. 886ȋǡ ȌǢǡǤιͳͶǯͷιʹͳǯǡͳͻ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡRichards, P.W.
3263 (BM); Ondo Stateǣ ǤιʹͶǯͶι͵ͲǯǡȋϐȌǡKennedy, J.D. 1723 (FHO).
, Casamance: Park National de Basse Casamance. 12°24’N 16°36’W, 11 August 1982 (st), Champluvier
S/ 122 (BR).
, ǣȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (LD,UPS); : Makéni WSW. 8°52’N 12°05’W, 1
ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡRoberty 17271 (G); Western Area: F.B.C. Botanic Garden, Freetown. 8°30’N 13°15’W, 3 July 1964
ȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1372ȋǡ ȌǢǤͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǤǣʹͶǡͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡPelly SLFD 155 (FHO);
Ǥͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡPelly SLFD 157 (FHO).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985), Hutchinson, Dalziel &
Keay (1954).
3
Ǥͳͷ
Campylospermum lecomtei (Tiegh.) Farron
Ǥͳͺ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 399 (1965). – Ouratea lecomtei Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Natl.
Hist. Nat. 8: 51 (Jan. 1902). – Bisetaria lecomtei (Tiegh.) Tiegh., J. Bot. (Morot): 45 (Febr.
1902). – Type: Lecomte s.n. (holotype: P!; isotype: P(2x!), Congo, bords du Kouilou entre
Kitabi et Kakamoeka, 1893.
Bisetaria febrifuga (Engl & Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 14 (June
1903). – Ouratea febrifuga Engl & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 257 (1904).
Type: Laurent s.n. (holotype: BR!), Bas Congo, August 1893.
Shrub or treelet up to 2 m tall, with branched stem; twigs upright, often grouped
at the end of the branches or stem, with whitish bark. Stipules persistent, linear,
ͷȂͳ͵ͳ. Leaf: petiole 1–2 mm long, swollen; leaf blade very narrowly elliptic
to linear, ȋͷȂȌȂͳͳȋȂͳ͵Ȍ ȋͲǤͷȂȌͳȂͳǤͷ , ratio ȋ͵ȂȌȂͳ͵, base narrowly cuneate,
apex tapering into a bristle-like acumen, coriaceous, not bullate, upper side green,
slightly glossy, lower side paler green, dull, margin thickened, distantly serrulate;
venation: midrib prominent above and below, main lateral veins numerous, Ǥͳ
apart, straight, more prominent above than below, more or less at a right angle with
the midrib, intermediate lateral veins absent, tertiary venation indistinct on both
sides. ϔ terminal, pendulous, usually unbranched, lax, its main axis (5–
)9–20 cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent; bracts persistent,
ǡ͵ȂǢ ͷȂʹͲǡͳȂͷǦϐǤFlower: pedicel (5–)7–10(–
13) mm long, articulated at 1–4 mm from the base; sepals oblong to narrowly elliptic,
ϐ Ȃͻ ȋͳȂȌʹȂ͵ ǡ Ȃͳʹ ͵ȂͶ ǡ ǡ apex obtuse;
petals obovate, 6–10 x 3–6 mm, cuneate at base, rounded to slightly emarginate at
apex; stamens: anthers 4–6(–8) mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 4–5 cm long. Fruit:
Ǥͳ ϐǡʹȂ͵ǢͳȂ͵
receptacle, ovoid, 7–9 x 4–5 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size.
Notes: This species is easily recognized by its very narrow leaves. In that sense it
resembles C. glomeratum and C. louisii, but can be easily distinguished by its numerous
parallel main lateral veins and long and linear stipules.
A
3.7 Materials and Methods
B
ͳͺǤ Campylospermum lecomtei. A. Main lateral veins. B. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ʹͲ. Distribution of Campylospermum lecomteiȋȌCampylospermum longestipulatum ( )
3
Ǥͳͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͷͺ
Distribution: southern Republic of the Congo, south-western Democratic Republic of
the Congo (Bas-Congo) and Angola (Cabinda) (Map ʹͲ).
Ecology: understory of primary and secondary forest; on granitic or dry soil; no exact
altitudinal data known, but probably at 100–600 m.
Phenologyǣϐ ǡ ǡǡ
and December.
Vernacular names: : Ditsasa ya gumba (Mayumbe).
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ αͶǡͲͺͷ 2ǡ αʹͷǡͷͷ 2,
αʹ ȋ αͶͲ ȌǤ C. lecomtei has a fairly small distribution
range, it does not appear to be rare, since a fair amount of specimens (42) have been
collected. Still, the most recent collection dates from 1992. Moreover, the species occurs
mainly outside protected areas in regions where logging activities are common, which
is why the category of Near Threatened has been assigned.
Specimens examined:
, CabindaǣǤͶιͶͺǯͳʹιͷͲǯǡͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡDawe 223 (K); Belise-Maiombe. 4°39’S
12°46’E, 14 February 1914 (fr), Gossweiler 6959ȋ ȌǢǤͶι͵ͻǯͳʹιͶǯǡ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡGossweiler
8180 (K,LISC).
ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: Congo, Mayumbe. 4°30’S 12°30’E, 7 January 1977 (st), Bitsindou, I. s.n.
ȋȌǢǤͶιͳͶǯͳʹιʹǯǡ͵ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡCusset 763 (P); après le carrefour de Makaba ancienne
ǤͶιͲͺǯͳʹιʹʹǯǡͶ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡCusset 784 (K,P); environ de Dimonika. 4°14’S 12°26’E,
6 March 1980 (fr), Cusset 920 (P); environ de Dimonika. 4°14’S 12°26’E, 25 April 1986 (st), Foresta 939 (P);
ǤͶιͳͶǯͳʹιʹǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͺͲȋϐȌǡCusset 1026 (P); Mayombe. 4°32’S
12°06’E, 1 May 1951 (st), Koechlin 1885 (P); village de Boungonlo, Mayombe Kakamoeka, route SFN. 4°07’S
ͳͳιͷǯǡͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBouquet, A. 1930ȋȌǢǤͶιͳʹǯͳʹι͵Ͷǯǡͷ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡMakany
2069ȋȌǢ ȋȌǡǤͶιͲǯͳͳιͷǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻȋϐȌǡ
Farron 4906 (P); Louvoulou, chantier forestier (Mayombe), Pointe noire. 4°21’S 12°08’E, 4 February 1966
ȋϐȌǡFarron 4970 (P); Les Sara. 4°22’S 12°22’E, 30 June 1989 (st), Dechamps 13205 (WAG); Les Sara. 4°22’S
ͳʹιʹʹǯǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͺͻȋϐǡȌǡDechamps 13221ȋȌǢǤͶιͲͳǯͳʹιͳͳǯǡͳͺͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLecomte, P.H. A 46 (P);
±: village de Mayéyé, route de Doudou. 3°41’S 13°38’E, 12 February 1965 (st), Bouquet, A. 1240 (P);
Monts Ndoumou, après le village d’Isiélé. 3°23’S 13°38’E, 10 October 1965 (st), Bouquet, A. 1768 (P); chantier
de Manderi, 20 km S.E. de Sibiti. 3°45’S 13°30’E, 20 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4535 (P); Moussoumo à 35 km
ESE Sibiti, non loin de la Bouenza. 3°45’S 13°35’E, 28 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4542 (P); 4 km W, grandbois route forestière. 3°50’S 13°25’E, 24 August 1965 (fr), Farron 4609 (P); Pool: Bangou. 3°58’S 14°26’E, 16
ͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡBitsindou, M. 73 (BRLU); piste Meya-Mpassa. 3°53’S 14°30’E, 28 April 1965 (fr), Farron
4089 (P).
ȋ Ȍ, Bas-CongoǣǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡHombert 5 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S
ͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͷͳȋϐǡȌǡHombert 10 (BR,K); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 27 February 1951 (fr), Hombert
11 (BR); Réserve de la Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 6 August 1959 (fr), Compère 34 (BR,K); Sandanda. 5°34’S 13°07’E,
ͳͻ ͳͻͶͲȋϐǡȌǡDonis 73ȋȌǢȋȌǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡHombert 142 (WAG);
M’Vuazi (Thysville). 5°15’S 14°52’E, 9 April 1958 (st), Dubois, J. 261 (EA,WAG); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 14 April
ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐǡȌǡWagemans 491ȋǡȌǢ Ǥͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡͳͺͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡToussaint, L. 649
(BR); Monzi. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 8 January 1955 (st), Wagemans 929 (BR,K); Zema:Mayombe. 5°29’S 13°03’E, 4
April 1919 (st), Vermoesen 1943ȋǡȌǢǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡDonis 2128 (BR); Luki.
5°38’S 13°04’E, 27 February 1952 (st), Hombert 2211ȋȌǢǦǤͶιͶǯͳ͵ιͲǯǡͶͳͻͷȋϐȌǡ
Breyne, H. 2684ȋȌǢǦǤͷιʹ͵ǯͳʹιͷǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreyne, H. 3374 (BR); Kisantu. 5°08’S
ͳͷιͲǯǡ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡCallens 4679 (BR); Kinshasa: Maluku, Balumu, rivière Bombo. 4°03’S 15°33’E, 8
January 1967 (fr), Breyne, H. 335 (BR).
Key literatureǣ Ƭ ȋͳͻȌǡ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǡ Ƭ
(1951), Farron (1963, 1985).
3.7 Materials and Methods
Campylospermum longestipulatum (De Wild.) Biss.
Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea longestipulataǤǡǤǤͶǣͶͻʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂ
Type: Zenker 3577 (holotype: BR!; isotype: E!, G!, S!, US!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1908.
Ouratea cella ǤǡǤǤͶǣͶͻʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǡǤǤ
Treelet up to 3 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules persistent,
ǡͳͶȂͳ. Leaf: petiole 3–10 mm long, fairly slender to
stout, generally canaliculate above; leaf blade narrowly elliptic or narrowly ellipticobovate oblong-elliptic, ȋͳͲȂȌͳʹȂʹʹȋȂ͵ͲȌ ȋ͵ǤͷȂȌͶȂȋȂͻȌ , ratio ʹȂ͵Ǥͷ, base
cuneate, decurrent onto the petiole, apex acute to acuminate, parchmentaceous,
bullate, margin serrulate in the distal half, generally entire in the basal, upper side
glossy, dark green, glossy, paler green beneath; venation: midrib strongly prominent on
both sides, ȋͳͲȂȌͳͷȂʹͲȋȂʹ͵Ȍ, ȂʹͲǡ± at
a right angle with midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, sunken on
upper side, prominent on lower side, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each
pair of main lateralsǡϐǡǡ tertiary venation
scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, indistinct on both sides. ϔ
terminal, unbranched, dense, ʹȂͶ ; peduncle robust; pairwise
scales triangular, persistent at the base of the peduncle; cymules only ͳȂʹ,
with 1 or 2 broadly triangular bracts at their base. Flower: pedicel 11–13(–20) mm long,
͵Ȃͷ Ǣ ǡ ϐ Ȃͺ ͵Ȃ4 mm, in fruit
12–13 x 3–5 mm, base rounded, apex obtuse; petals obovate, 9–12 x 7–9 mm, cuneate
at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm, style 5–6
mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳͳϐǡ ǤͶʹǢͳʹ
developed per receptacle, reniform, c. 8 x 4–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar
in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: This species is morphologically similar to C. sulcatum, because of its bullate
ǡ ϐ Ǥ
by its long and persistent stipules, its generally more numerous main lateral veins
and its indistinct tertiary venation. De Wildeman (1929) highlights the fact that some
specimens of C. longestipulatum ϐ
under the name Ouratea cella Gilg, a manuscript name present only on herbarium labels
and never formally published. He did not use that name because some specimens of
O. cella were confused with those of C. oliverianum (see note under C. sulcatum). Quit
some material placed here under C. longestipulatum ϐ C.
oliverianum by Farron. However, the type specimen of that name clearly belongs to C.
sulcatum.
Distribution: coastal regions of Cameroon and northern Gabon (Map ʹͲ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, high forest, littoral forest, forest along
streams; at 50–530 m altitude.
3
Ǥͳͷͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Phenologyǣϐ ǡ ǡ Ǣ
February to April and in October and December,.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ α͵ͺǡʹ 2ǡ αʹʹǡͶͶͺ 2,
αͳȋ αͷ͵ȌǤ ʹͲͳͲ
of its locations occur in protected areas such as the Crystal Mountains National Park
in Gabon and the Mount Elephant and Edea Reserves in Cameroon, it has a fairly small
distribution area and is only known from 21 collections from 17 localities. Therefore,
the category of Near Threatened seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
3
ǤͳͲ
, LittoralǣǡǤ͵ι͵ͷǯͻιͷͶǯǡ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 298
(C,K,WAG); South Province: Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.23’N
10°02.04’E. Alt: 79m, 27 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1207 (LBV,WAG,YA); Kribi, piste menant au Mont
élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.23’N 10°02.04’E. Alt: 79m, 27 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1208
(LBV,WAG,YA); Kribi, piste menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.08’N 10°01.40’E.
Alt: 73m, 27 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1215 (LBV,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Mvini. 2°14.4’N 10°10.7’E.
Alt: 220m, 19 February 2000 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou 2609 (KRIBI,WAG); Campo-Ma’an area, Mvini, Forest
ͷǤʹιͳͷǤʹǯͳͲιͳͳǤʹǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 2945 (KRIBI,WAG,YA);
ǡ ǤʹιͶǯͳͲιͲͳǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡAndel, T.R.
van 3354 (WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1908 (fr), Zenker 3577 (BM,BR,E,G,S,US,W); SE slopes of Mt.
Elephant, SE of Kribi. 2°47’N 10°01’E. Alt: 200m, 26 February 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6414 (MO,WAG); Summit of
Mt. Elephant, SE of Kribi. 2°48’N 10°00’E. Alt: 300m, 13 March 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6543 (BAS,MO,P,WAG,YA);
Bipindi 4 km N of town, E of Memel road, on low mountain. 3°06’N 10°24’E, 9 April 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6768
(BAS,MO,WAG); 20 km SE. of Kribi, E. slopes of Mt. Elephant. 2°47’N 10°01’E, 22 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J.
7249 (BAS,BR,K,MO,P,WAG); 40 km S. of Kribi, Campo road. 2°40’N 9°52’E, 25 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7273
(WAG); 40 km S of Kribi, Campo road. 2°40’N 9°52’E, 25 August 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 7275 (BAS,K,MO,P,WAG,YA);
20 km E. of Kribi, along road to Ebolowa. 2°50’N 10°01’E, 19 March 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8094 (MO,WAG);
Massif des Mamelles. 2°26.7’N 9°54.9’E. Alt: 260m, 19 April 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou MMX 126 (WAG);
South-West Provinceǣǡ Dzdz
ʹͷ ǤͷιͲͳǯͺιͷͳǯǤǣͷͲǡͳͲ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 5853 (MA,MO,P,WAG).
, Estuaireǣ ±±ǤͲι͵ǯͳͲιʹͶǯǤǣͷͲͲǡͳͷͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler;
Wilde 52 (BR,MO,P,WAG); c. 40 km east of Ntoun. 2 km north of Grand Route off logging road. 0°21.66’N
9°58.38’E. Alt: 200m, 22 October 2000 (fr), Stone, J.R. 3115 (MO,WAG); Ǧ: Crystal mountains, 3 km
E of Tchimbélé. 0°38’N 10°26’E. Alt: 530m, 27 December 1989 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 301 (WAG); Parc des Monts
de cristal, le long de la rivière Mbé, piste après la case picnic sur la droite. 0°37’N 10°24’E, 13 February 2010
(fr), Bissiengou 971 (LBV,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013).
Campylospermum louisii Bissiengou & Sosef
Blumea 53: 627 (2008). – Type: A.M. Louis 2849 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV!, MO!),
Gabon, Estuaire Province, route Tchimbélé vers Kinguélé à 19.6 Km, February 23rd, 1988.
Treelet up to 1.5 m high, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules: persistent,
narrowly triangular, c. 3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 1.5–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly to
very narrowly elliptic, ͻǤͷȂʹͺͳǤ͵ȂʹǤͶ , ratio ͶǤͷȂͳͷ, base cuneate to attenuate,
apex long tapering and sometimes mucronulate at the very tip, papyraceous, not or
slightly bullate, margin entire to serrulate with distant, reduced teeth, upper surface
glossy dark green, lower surface greenish; venation: midrib prominent but running
3.7 Materials and Methods
through a gully on the upper surface, prominent on the lower, main lateral veins ȋͳʹȂ
ȌͳͷȂʹͲ, ͷȂͳʹ, more or less at right angles with midrib but
strongly curved up toward the margin, prominent on both surfaces, intermediate lateral
veins absent, tertiary venation scalariform towards the margin but reticulate towards
the midrib, scalariform venation perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both sides.
ϔ terminal, branched, slender, lax, its main axis (4–)7–18 cm long; racemes
1–4, 2–6 cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of the peduncle, minute;
ͳȂʹǤͷ ǡͳȂ͵ȋȂͶȌǦϐǢ ǡǡͳȂʹ
mm long. Flower: pedicel 3–10 mm long, articulating at 1–5 mm from the base; sepals
ǡͷȂʹȂ͵ϐǡ͵ȂͺͳȂ͵ǡǢ
observed; stamens not observed; ovary c. 0.5 mm high; style 3 mm long. Fruit: receptacle
accrescent to a ± globose shape; drupelets only 2 to 3 well developed per receptacle,
ǡͷȂͻͶȂǡȋȌϐ Ǣ
ǡǤ
Notes: The similarity to and distinction from C. laeve was already discussed in Bissiengou
& Sosef (2008).
Distribution: endemic to Gabon (Map ʹͳ).
ʹͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum louisiiȋȌCampylospermum lunzuense ( )
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest; at 500–650m altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ Ǣ ǡǤ
Vernacular name: Gabon: Alen-opwbon (Fang).
IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ αͻǡͻͳʹ 2ǡ αǡͷͲͻ 2ǡ αͳͲ ȋ
α͵͵ȌǤ
3
Ǥͳͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
Bélinga Mountains in Gabon where logging activities are rare, although there is some
threat for habitat destruction by mining activities. The Vulnerable category is assigned
based on the fact that it has a limited distribution and is only known from 10 localities.
Specimens examined:
3
Ǥͳʹ
, Estuaire: Monts de Cristal, Mbe National Park, on slope (steep) of Mt. Mbilan-ridge. 0°28.2’N
10°15.4’E. Alt: 650m, 5 April 2005 (fr), Leal, M.E. 499 (MO,WAG); route Kingélé vers Tchimbélé à 19,6 km.
Ͳι͵ͶǯͳͲιͳͻǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M. 2849 (LBV,MO,WAG); Crystal Mountains, 49030m on transect
G. 0°31’N 10°25’E, 3 May 2001 (fr), Wilks AP 3445 (LBV,MO,WAG); ±Ǧ : route Bélinga, 21 km après
village Zadié. 0°53.1’N 13°10.2’E. Alt: 535m, 11 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1128 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5
km après village Mbondo. 0°53’N 13°10’E. Alt: 586m, 12 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1154 (LBV,WAG); Station
I.R.E.T. (M’Passa Field Station), 10 km S de Makokou sur la riviere Ivindo. 0°30’N 12°45’E. Alt: 500m, 12 May
1985 (fr), Dorr, L.J. 4230 (BAS,MO,WAG); Ǧ: Near Lara River, close to Otouk village on rd. MitzicMédouneu. 0°49’N 11°25’E, 7 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 463 (WAG); Crystal mountains, ½ km SW of
Tchimbélé. 0°37’N 10°24’E. Alt: 520m, 27 January 1990 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 472 (LBV,WAG); c. 8 km SSW of
ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͻǯͳͳι͵ʹǤͲǯǤǣͷͶǡʹͲͲͻȋȌǡBissiengou 668
(LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot I, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.8’E, 12 February 2010
ȋϐȌǡBissiengou 952 (LBV,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou & Sosef (2008).
Campylospermum lunzuense (N.Robson) Biss.
Fig. ͳͻ
Campylospermum lunzuensis (N.Robson) Biss., Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea lunzuense
N.Robson, Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2, 36: 38 (1962). – Gomphia lunzuense (N.Robson) Verdc.,
Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 47 (2005). – Type: Bullock 3877 (holotype: K!), Zambia,
Lunzua River, 19 miles west of Abercorn, 1951.
Treelet up to 6 m tall, with branched stem; twigs spreading, wiry, with whitish bark.
Stipules caducous, triangular, 2–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade
elliptic to narrowly elliptic, ȋͶȂȌȂͳ͵ȋȂͳͻȌ ȋͳǤͷȂȌʹȂ͵ǤͷȋȂͶǤͷȌ , ratio ͵ǤͷȂǤͷ,
base attenuate, apex slightly acuminate or sometimes acute, mucronate, coriaceous
to parchmentaceous, not bullate, upper side slightly glossy, dark green, lower side
medium green, margin spinose-serrate, entire towards the base; venation: midrib
prominent on both sides, main lateral veins 3–12 on either side, 15–30(–70) mm apart,
at a ± right angle with the midrib but strongly curved upwards to run parallel to the
margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, distinct
on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform along the margin and perpendicular
to the midrib but reticulate towards the midrib, very distinct on both sides.
ϔ terminal, unbranched or branched, dense to lax, its main axis 1–8 cm long,
slender; pairwise scales caducous; racemes 0–3, 1–6 cm long; cymules 1–5 mm apart,
ʹȂǦϐǢ ǡǡͳȂͳǤͷǤFlower: pedicel ͻȂʹʹȋȂ͵ͲȌ
mm long, articulated at ȋʹȂȌ͵ȂȋȂͳʹȌ mm from the base; sepals narrowly ovate,
ȂʹȂ͵ϐǡȂͺʹȂͶǡǢǡ
6–9 x 3–4 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1
mm high; style 4–5 mm long. Fruitǣ ǤͳϐǡͶͶǢ
drupelets 2 to 3 well developed per receptacle, cylindric-ellipsoid, 7–8 x 5–5.5 mm;
cotyledons incumbent, ± similar in size.
3.7 Materials and Methods
Notes: C. lunzuense was synonimized with C. reticulatum by Farron (1965) without
ϐ Ǥ ǡC. reticulatum by having a spinulose-serrate leaf
ǡ ǡϐ
and its cotyledons being similar in size. Therefore, we agree with Verdcourt (2005) in
recognizing C. lunzuense as a distinct species. C. lunzuense is also similar to C. warneckei
from which it differs by having a spinulose-serrate leaf margin and pedicels articulated
well above the base.
Distribution: western Tanzania, northern
Zambia, with one collection in south-eastern
Democratic Republic of the Congo (Map ʹͳ).
Ecology: in riverine forest, sometimes
on steep river banks, in dry gallery forest
and evergreen rain forest; at 900–1524 m
altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ ǡ
and from August to October; fruits observed
in May, June and from August to November.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹͷʹǡͲͶ
km2ǡ αͷʹǡ͵ͳʹ 2ǡ αͳͷ ȋ
αʹȌǤ
collected (only 21 specimens known) and
hence seems to be fairly rare. It has not been
collected since 1993. However, the area of
occupancy is fairly large as is the number
of locations. Some specimens come from
National Parks such as the Gombe National
Park in Tanzania, Lunzua in Zambia and
some from a Forest Reserve near the Mbala ͳͻǤ Campylospermum lunzuense. ͳ. Floering branch. ʹ. Flower. ͵Ǥ Ǧϐ
Hills. Therefore, the category Least Concern and gynoecium. A4. Fruit with one remaining
drupelet. ͷ. Vertical section of drupelet. Modiseems most suitable.
Specimens examined:
ϐ ǤǤͶǤͳͻ͵Ǥ
ȋ ASA), Katanga (Shaba): pont de la Kalule Nord, route Kolwezi à Luéna. 9°29’S 25°30’E, 22
ͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡSchmitz, A. 6689 (BR).
, Kigomaǣ Ǥ Ǥ ͶιͶʹǯ ʹͻι͵ǯǤ ǣ ͻͳͶǡ ͵ͳ ͳͻͻ ȋϐǡ
fr), Clutton-Brock 174 (EA); Gombe stream Nat. Park Mkenke Valley. 4°42’S 29°36’E. Alt: 914m, 20 August 1969
(fr), Clutton-Brock 253 (BR,EA); Gombe stream Nat. Park Mkenke Valley. 4°42’S 29°36’E, 26 September 1969 (fr),
Clutton-Brock 285 (EA); kabogo Mts. 5°27’S 29°48’E. Alt: 1150m, 21 June 1963 (st), Toyoshima 578 (EA); Rukwa:
Mahali Mts, Kasogo. 6°09’S 29°45’E, 21 November 1953 (fr), Uehara 183 (EA); Nyamansi River 25 mls North of
Mpanda. 6°00’S 31°01’E, November 1954 (fr), Procter 301 (EA,FHO); Nyamansi River 25 mls North of Mpanda.
6°00’S 31°01’E, September 1961 (fr), Procter 1947 (EA); Kungwe-Mahali, Peninsula. Highland between Pasagulu
ǤιͲͲǯ͵ͲιͲͲǯǤǣͳͷʹͶǡͺͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡHarley, R.M. 9221 (B,BR,S); Mbala Hills, Kapapa.
6°48’S 31°22’E. Alt: 1200m, 27 October 1959 (fr), Richards, M.A.E. 11555 (K).
ZAMBIA, : Abercorn distr.in Lunzua Falls. 8°57’S 31°09’E, 26 October 1952 (fr), Robertson, R.G. 173
3
Ǥͳ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͺιͷͲǯ ͵ͳιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Lawton 982 (FHO,K); Abercorn. 8°50’S 31°23’E, 11
ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡLawton 1429 (FHO); Mpulungu-Abercorn, near Lunzua Falls. 8°56’S 31°09’E, 17 September
ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡBullock, A.A. 3336 (K); Lunzua River, 19 miles west of Abercorn. 8°50’S 31°03’E. Alt: 1219m, 14 May 1951
ȋϐȌǡBullock, A.A. 3877 (BR,K); Ulungu, village Uechinda. 8°46’S 31°07’E, 11 November 1948 (st), Brédo, HJAER
6236 (BR); Ulungu, village Uechinda. 8°46’S 31°07’E, 11 November 1948 (st), Brédo, HJAER 6266 (BR); Chinsali,
ϐǤͳͲι͵Ͳǯ͵ʹιͲͳǯǡʹͳͻȋȌǡFanshawe 10184 (LISC); Abercorn
Ǥͺιͷǯ͵ͳιͲͻǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡRichards, M.A.E. 10200 (BR,EA,K); Abercorn District,
ǡǤͺιͶͺǯ͵ͳιͳͳǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͷͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡRichards, M.A.E. 13193 (BR);
ǤǤǣϐǤͺιͶͷǯ͵ͳιͳͲǯǡͺͳͻͳͳȋȌǡFries, R.E. Centr.Afr. 1226 (UPS).
Key literature: Exell et al. (1963), Robson (1963), Verdcourt (2005).
3
ǤͳͶ
Campylospermum lutambense (Sleumer) Biss.
Campylospermum lutambensis (Sleumer) Biss., Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea lutambense
Sleumer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 39: 278 (1936). – Gomphia lutambense (Sleumer)
Verdc. Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 52 (2005). – Type: Schlieben 6110. (holotype: B†; isotype:
BR!, G!, Z!), Tanzania, 50 km W. Lindi, Lake Lutamba, Noto Plateau, March 9th, 1935.
Tree up to 4 m tall, rarely scandent, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark.
Stipules persistent, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf blade
elliptic to narrowly elliptic or elliptic-obovate, ͳͲȂʹʹȋȂ͵ͲȌ͵ȂȋȂͺǤͷȌ , ratio ʹǤʹͷȂ
͵Ǥʹ, base rounded, apex blunt to rounded, coriaceous, not bullate, margin entire to
distantly serrulate, upper side very glossy, dark green, lower side glossy bright green;
ǣϐǡǡͳͶȂ͵ͲȋȂ͵ͷȌ on
either side, ͶȂͻ, making a slight angle with the midrib and curved upwards,
prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between each pair of main
laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation reticulate, very distinct on both
sides. ϔ terminal, unbranched or sometimes with 1 or 2 short racemes,
robust, its main axis (4–)6–9(–13) cm long; racemes ͲȂʹǡc.ͳȂͳǤͷ ; pairwise
scales caducous; cymules ͳȂͷǡͳȂǦϐ; bracts persistent, triangular,
1–1.5 mm long. Flower: pedicel 5–10 mm long, articulated at 1 mm from the base; sepals
ovateǡϐ͵ȂͶǡ͵ȂͶǢǦǡͻȂͳͲͷ,
truncate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long;
style c. 5 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 6 mm thick; drupelets 1 to 2 well developed per
receptacle, reniform, 7 x 5 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size.
Notes: This species was previuously only known from south-eastern Tanzania, but
recently a single specimen from south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
(Katanga prov.) was dicovered. It is similar to C. ϔ by having thick and
coriaceous, blunt leaves, but the prominent main lateral veins and especially the striking
reticulate tertiary venation readily sets it apart.
Distribution: Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga prov.) and Tanzania (Lindi
prov.) (Map ʹʹ).
Ecology: in semi-evergreen forest; on grey sandy soil; at 700–1430 m altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ Ǣ Ǥ
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǡ αͳͺǡͺͲ 2ǡ αͶǡͻʹ 2,
3.7 Materials and Methods
αͶǡαʹȋ αͳͷ͵ȌǤ
four collections, and thus seems to be very rare. Its most recent collection is from 2004.
Three collections are found in the Rondo Forest Reserve (Tanzania). Althought the AOO
suggests a category of Least Concern, this species could be in threat since one of its only
two subpopulations is found outside a protected area. Futhermore, collections found in
ͳͻͻͳ ϐǤǡ
now, the category of Vulnerable sems most appropriate.
3
Ǥͳͷ
ʹʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum lutambenseȋȌCampylospermum mannii ( )
Specimens examined:
ȋ Ȍ, Katanga (Shaba): 2.2 km au N. de Tshala (environs de Kolwezi). 10°38.86’S 25°25.77’E.
Alt: 1430m, 17 August 2004 (st), Malaisse; Kisimba 15 (BR).
, Lindi: Rondo plateau. 10°07’S 39°13’E. Alt: 700m, 15 February 1991 (fr), Bidgood 1581 (K,NHT);
ͷͲǤǢǡǤͻιͷͶǯ͵ͻιʹͶǯǡͻ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡSchlieben 6110 (BR,G,Z); S face
ǡ ǤͳͲιͲͺǯ͵ͻιͳͳǯǤǣʹǡ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡEggeling 6416 (EA,FHO,K).
Key literature: Verdcourt (2005).
Campylospermum mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh.
ǤʹͲ
J. Bot. (Morot) 16: 43 (Febr. 1902). – Gomphia mannii Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 321 (1868).
– Notocampylum mannii (Oliv.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 2, Bot. 16: 311 (Dec. 1902).
– Type: Mann 24ȋǣǨǢǣ ǨǡȋʹȌǨȌǡ ǡB Ǧ
Po, 1860.
Treelet up to 5 m tall, monocaulous; stem with whitish bark. Stipules caducous,
triangular, 3–4 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly ellipticobovate to narrowly spathulate, ͵ͳȂͷͷȂͳͷ , ratio ͵ȂͶǤͶ, gradually narrowing
into the cordate to auriculate base, apex rounded to acuminate, coriaceous, slightly
bullate, margin serrate in the apical half, subentire further down, upper side dull dark
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳ
green, lower side glossy bright green; midrib prominent above and below, main lateral
ʹͲȂʹ on either side, 12–30 mm apart, prominent but running through a gully
above, slightly prominent below, making a slight angle with the midrib and slightly
curved up towards the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1(–2) in between each pair
of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, running perpendicular to the main lateral
veins, joined by cross veinlet, distinct on both sides. ϔ axillary, unbranched,
denseǢͺȂʹͷȋȂ͵ʹȌ ǡϐǢ
at the base of the peduncle absent; cymules ͲǤ͵ȂͳǤͷȋȂʹǤͷȌ ǡͻȂʹͺǦϐ.
Flower: pedicel 8–15 mm long, articulated at 2–4 mm from the base; sepals elliptic to
ǦǡϐͺȂͻͶȂͷǡǡͳʹȂͳͷȂͳͲǡǡ ǡ
apex obtuse, incurved over the drupelets; petals obovate, 11–15 x 6 mm, base truncate,
apex rounded; stamens: anthers 6–7 mm long; ovary 2 mm high; style c. 6 mm long.
Fruitǣ ϐǡ ͺȂͻ Ǣ ͳ ͵
developed per receptacle, ovoid to ellipsoid, ͺȂͳʹȂ; cotyledons incumbent,
of similar size.
Notes: This species is morphologically similar to C. klainei (Tiegh.) Farron from Gabon.
ϐ C. klainei.
Moreover, C. klainei ϐ
whereas, C. mannii does not. The distribution of the two species does not overlap.
Distribution: south-eastern Nigeria (Calabar), Cameroon (West and Southwest prov Ȍǡ ȋ Ȍ ȋMap
ʹʹ).
Ecology: in primary or secondary high forest,
A
on hill slopes; on iron-rich soil, young volcanic soil or sometimes rocky places; at 100200 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ ǡ
and December; fruits observed in February,
March, August and December.
IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ
αǡͺͷͶ 2ǡ αͳͺǡͳ 2, locaαͳͶȋ αͶͳȌǤ
not been collected in the past 10 years and is
known from only 15 specimens suggesting it
is rare. It occurs in highly disturbed forest and
some of its specimens were collected in what
B
C
today are protected areas, like Pico de Basilé
ʹͲǤ Campylospermum mannii. A. Peron the island of Bioco, South Bakundu in Camsistent sepals. B. Flowering branch. C. Fruiting
eroon and Oban in Nigeria. Thus, the category
branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
of Near Threatened seems most appropriate.
3.7 Materials and Methods
Specimens examined:
, Central Province: NW de Ndoknabao, à 30 km au SW de Ndikinimeki. 4°34’N 10°38’E, 18
December 1971 (fr), Letouzey 10877 (P); Littoral: Pongo-Songo (Mouanko) Edea. 3°39’N 9°49’E, 8 January
1974 (fr), Mezili 238 (P); Edea. 3°48’N 11°20’E, (fr), Annet 493 (BR); South Province: Nko’Elon, 25 km E.
Ǥ ʹι͵͵ǯ ͳͲιͲʹǯǡ ͳͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Letouzey 15310 (P); South-West Province: Njonji. 4°08’N
ͻιͲͳǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Mbani, J.M. 26 (K); Idenau. 4°17’N 8°59’E. Alt: 100m, 6 March 1992 (fr),
Mbani, J.M. 31 (K,SCA,YA); Njonji. 4°08’N 9°00’E. Alt: 100m, 17 August 1992 (fr), Tekwe 125 (K,SCA,YA); near
ǤͶιͲǯͻιͲͺǯǡͷ ͳͻͻʹȋϐǡȌǡSunderland 1077 (K); south Bakundu F.R. Kendongi.
4°32’N 9°25’E, 14 May 1970 (st), Farron 7292 (P); Kumba Distr. 22 chains on Line 3 east. 4°50’N 9°20’E, 1946
ȋϐȌǡEjiofor FHI 14077 (FHI,K).
, Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ ǦǤ͵ι͵ʹǯͺιͶʹǯǡ ͳͺͷͻȋϐǡȌǡMann,
G. 24 (HUH,K).
, ǣ 2 February 1937 (fr), Rosevear 30/ 78 (FHO); Cross River State: oban district. 5°19’N
8°34’E, 4 March 1912 (st), Talbot, P.A. s.n. (K); Miles from Akoum to Aboutong. 5°19’N 8°34’E, 12 March 1945
ȋϐǡȌǡOnyeagocha FHI 7720ȋ ȌǢǤǤιͲͺǯͻιͲͲǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡKeay FHI
28229 (K); Calabar. Oban Forest Reserve. Orem. 5°36’N 8°35’E, 28 January 1957 (fr), Onochie FHI 36176
(FHO,K); Oban Group Forest Reserve, near Orem village (South East State, Ikpai District). 5°36’N 8°35’E, 8
March 1973 (fr), Latilo FHI 70536 (FHI,WAG).
Key literature: Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), Tieghem
(1902b), Oliver (1868).
Campylospermum nutans (Hiern) Biss.
Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. nutans Hiern, Cat.
afr. pl. 1: 123 (1896). – Monelasmum nutans (Hiern) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 16, sér. 8:
328 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea nutans (Hiern) Exell, J. Bot. 65, Suppl. 1: 59 (1927). – Type:
Welwitsch 4606 (holotype: BM!; isotype: K!), Sao Tomé and Principe, Insula Principes,
Pico de Papagais, September 1853.
Monelasmum henriquesii Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). Type:
Henriques 36 (holotype: COI!), Sao Tomé, August 1903. syn. nov.
Treelet, up to 4 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules caduous,
triangular. Leaf: petiole 3–5 mm long, sometimes canaliculate; leaf blade narrowly
elliptic, ͺȂͳͻ ʹȂͷ , ratio ͵ǤͷȂͷ, base cuneate, apex acuminate, papyraceous,
not bullate, upper surface slightly glossy dark green, lower surface dull green, margin
regularly serrulate; venation: midrib prominent above, slightly prominent below,
main lateral veins ͳʹȂͳͷ, Ȃͳ, prominent on both sides,
at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel to the margin,
intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation
scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, very distinct on both sides. ϔ
terminal or rarely axillary, branched, lax, its main axis 15–20 cm long; pairwise scales
at the base of the peduncle absent absent; bracts absent; racemes 1–3, 5–14 cm long,
lax and wiryǢ ͲǤͷȂʹ ǡͳȂͺǦϐǤFlower: pedicel ͳͷȂʹͲ,
ȋͶȂȌȂͳͲ from the base; sepals narrowly ovate, 5–8 x 2 mm in
ϐǡȂͺ͵ȂͶǡ ǢǡȂͳͲͶȂǡ ǡ
apex rounded to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 3.5–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm
3
Ǥͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
high; style 4–8 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 2–4 mm wide; drupelets 1–2 well developed
per receptacle, ellipsoid or ellipsoid-ovate to globose, 7–10 x 5–8 mm; cotyledons
incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
3
Ǥͳͺ
Notes: This species is known from only 11 specimens. Although it is close to C.
reticulatum, and has originally been described as a variety of that species, I agree with
ȋͳͻʹǡͳͻͶͶȌϐ Ǥ
It differs from C. reticulatum by having a scalariform tertiary venation, papyraceous
leaves and a pedicel articulating further up. Finally, true C. reticulatum seems to be
absent from Sao Tomé and Principe, adding a geographical distinction to the whole.
Distribution: endemic to Sao Tomé and Principe (Map ʹ͵).
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest; at 150–670 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǣ
observed in February, May, September and December.
IUCN conservation statusǣͳȀʹȋǡȌǤα͵ͺ2ǡαͳǡʹ2ǡ αͺ
ȋ αͳͺȌǤ ͳͳ
collection is from 1999. Occurring on only two small islands (Principé and Sao Tomé),
its area of occurrence and occupancy are very small, but it does seem to be present
in protected areas such as Zona Ecologica in Principe. Therefore, the category of
Endangered seems most suitable.
ʹ͵. Distribution of Campylospermum nutansȋȌCampylospermum occidentale ( )
Specimens examined:
2 Ƭ , Principe Island: Principe Island. 1°37’N 7°24’E, August 1903 (st), Henriques,
J.A. 36 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ͳι͵ͷǯ ιʹ͵ǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Joffroy 215 (BRLU); Barriga Brauca
͵ Ǥ ͳι͵Ͷǯ ιʹͳǯǤ ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ͷ ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐȌǡ Wilde (WALG), J.J.F.E. de 362
3.7 Materials and Methods
ȋǡ ǡǡǡ ǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ͳι͵ǯ ιʹͷǯǤ ǣ ͵Ͳͷǡ ͳͲ ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋϐȌǡ Exell 555 (COI);
Ǥͳι͵ǯιʹͷǯǤǣ͵ǡͳͳ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 560 (BM,BR,COI);
Ǥͳι͵ǯιʹͶǯǤǣͳǡʹͻ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 708 (BM,BR,COI); Princés Island.
ͳι͵ǯιʹͶǯǡͳͺͷ͵ȋϐȌǡWelwitsch, F.M.J. 4606ȋȌǢ Ǥͳι͵ǯιʹͶǯǤǣͷͲͲǡͳͳͻͻȋϐǡ
fr), Matos 7749 (LISC); N face of Pico. 1°36’N 7°23’E. Alt: 244m, 30 August 1956 (st), Monod, A.T. 12141 (COI);
Ǥͳι͵ͶǯιʹͳǯǤǣͲͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 550 (BRLU); Cimo de
Ǥͳι͵ǤǯιʹͶǤͳǯǤǣʹͺͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 577 (BRLU).
Key literature: Exell (1927, 1944).
Campylospermum occidentale Biss.
Campylospermum occidentalis Biss., Blumea 58: 6 (2013). – Type: Haegens & v.d. Burgt
106 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: LBV), Gabon, Ogooué-Maritime, Rabi-Kounga, road to
Divangui, 1°54’S, 9°55’E, December 6th, 1993.
Treelet up to 4 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules caducous,
triangular, 2–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to
narrowly elliptic-obovate, Ȃͳ ͳǤͷȂͶǤͷ , ratio ͵ȂͶ, base cuneate, apex slightly
acuminate, papery, not bullate, margin entire to serrulate, glossy dark green above,
paler green below; venation: midrib slightly prominent above, prominent below, main
lateral veins 7–11 on either side, 9–20 mm apart, curved upward to run parallel to the
margin, prominent on both sides, intermediate lateral veins 0(–1) but the scalariform
tertiary venation producing a series of weaker veins connecting to the midrib,
tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, very distinct on both sides.
ϔ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis slender, 4–8(–12) cm long; racemes
1–4(–6), 1–7(–11) cm long, held ± horizontally, not seldom with secondary or even
ϐ ; pairwise scales
at the base of peduncle absent; bracts early caducous; cymules (5–)10–15 mm apart,
ͳȂʹȋȂ͵ȌǦϐǤFlower: pedicel 4–10(–15) mm, articulated at 1–6 mm from the base;
ǡϐͷȂʹȂ͵ǡǦǡȂ͵Ȃ͵Ǥͷǡǡ
apex blunt; petals obovate, 5–11 x 4–7 mm, cuneate at base, rounded to emarginate
at apex; stamens: anthers 3–4 mm long; ovary c. 2 mm wide; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit:
receptacle c. 3 mm wide, red; drupelets 1–3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 8 x
5–6 mm, orange to orange-red at maturity; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size.
Notes: C. occidentale is close to C. nutans, but it differs by having fewer lateral veins and
ϐ Ǥ
The only sheet available with fruiting material seems to present mature drupelets,
and the label says these (as well as the sepals) are orange, instead of the normal black
Ǥ ϐǤ
Distribution: endemic to Gabon, only found in the coastal plain, in the Ogooué-Maritime
(Rabi-Kounga) and Estuaire (Mondah forest and Bikele) provinces (Map ʹ͵).
Ecology: primary and secondary, moist forest, near swampy areas; on sandy soil; at
5Ȃ30 m altitude.
3
Ǥͳͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͲ
Phenologyǣϐ Ǣ
to December.
IUCN conservation statusǣͳȋǡǡȌǤαͷͻͷͻ2ǡα͵͵ͺͺ2, locations
αͶȋ αʹͻǤͳͲȌǤ ǡ
is uncertain because the area between the two occupied areas is not well explored. In
a situation involving a disjunct distribution the sliding scale grid size method leads to
an overly large estimation of especially the AOO. Some of the occurrences in the vicinity
of the capital Libreville are under threat of habitat destruction due to urbanization
Ǥ Ȁ
or number of populations or even extent of suitable habitat and hence we propose the
category Vulnerable.
Specimens examined:
, Estuaire: 25 km along the road Libreville-Cap Esterias. 0°32’N 9°23’E. Alt: 5m, 2 September 1978
ȋϐȌǡBreteler; Wilde 386 (BR,C,K,LBV,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N
ͻιʹͲǯǡͳͲʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 815 (LBV,WAG); 17 km E. of Libreville, S. of Bikelé village. 0°23’N
9°35’E, 7 December 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 1201 (WAG); between Cap Santa Clara and Cap Esterias. 0°34’N
ͻιʹʹǯǡͳͷͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 1328 (MA,WAG); Forêt de Mondah. 0°35’N 9°20’E, 16 September 1987
ȋϐǡȌǡWilks 1632ȋǡ ȌǢͳͺǤͲιʹͶǯͻι͵Ͷǯǡ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡSaint Aubin 2076 (P);
Nyonyie survey, around 1600 m on transect S. 0°02.9’S 9°23.0’E, 3 July 1990 (fr), Wilks 2090 (LBV,MO,P,WAG);
ǡ ʹͳͲ Ǥ ͲιͲ͵Ǥͷǯ ͻιʹ͵ǤͲǯǡ Ͷ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Wilks 2097 (MO,WAG); Moyen±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné. 0°45.02’S 10°32.48’E. Alt: 24m, 12 October 2012
ȋϐȌǡ Bidault 782 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Mabounié. 0°47.48’S 10°30.05’E, 2 November 2012 (st), BoupoyaMapikou 833 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±Ǧ: Rabi-Kounga, 4.5km on road to Divangui. 1°54’S
ͻιͷͷǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡHaegens 106 (E,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga. Direction Echira. 1°59’S
ͻιͷͳǯǡͳͳͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡSchoenmaker, J. 135 (WAG); 1 km on the road Rabi-Divangui. 1°54’S 9°53’E, 25
November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9725 (BR,E,HUJ,K,MO,PE,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, Echira road. 2°00’S 9°50’E,
ʹ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 10161 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG).
Key literature: Bissiengou et al. (2013).
Campylospermum oliveri (Tiegh.) Farron
Fig. ʹͳ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État 35: 400 (1965). – Notocampylum oliveri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér.
8, Bot. 16: 311 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea oliveri (Tiegh.) Keay, Kew Bull. 1953: 81 (1953). –
Type: Thomson 15 (holotype: K!; isotype: E!), Nigeria, Old Calabar, 1862.
Gomphia mannii Oliv. var. brachypoda Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 322 (1868). – Ouratea mannii
(Oliv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. brachypoda (Oliv.) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 258 (1893). – Type:
Thomson 15 (holotype: K!; isotype: E!), Nigeria, Old Calabar, 1862.
Diphyllopodium zenkeri Tiegh., Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 8: 376 (June 1902). –
Campylospermum zenkeri (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État 35: 404 (1965). – Type:
Zenker 1001 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, GOET!, HBG!, K!, L!, S!, WAG!), Cameroon, Bipindi,
Urwaldgebiet, 1896. syn. nov.
Ouratea zenkeri Engl. & Gilg in Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 258 (1904). – Type: Zenker
1001 (holotype: B†; isotype: E!, GOET!, HBG!, K!, L!, P!, S!, WAG!), Cameroon, Bipindi,
Urwaldgebiet, 1896. syn. nov.
Exomicrum oliveri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 338 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea
3.7 Materials and Methods
ambacensis Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 192–193 (1927), nom. nov. – Type:
Mann 12 (holotype: K!), Nigeria, Ambas bay, February 1861.
Campylospermum letouzeyi Farron, Adansonia n.s. 9: 117 (1969). – Type: Letouzey 1595
(holotype: P!; isotype: NEU!, SRFK!, YA!), Cameroon, forêt du Mélong près Bouda, March
1953. syn. nov.
Treelet, up to 8 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish-brownish bark. Stipules
persistent, triangular, 4–6 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–11 mm long, stout; leaf blade narrowly
elliptic-obovate, 16–31(–41) x 4–10(–13) cm, ratio ͵ȂͶǤͶ, base rounded to cordate, apex
acute to slightly acuminate, papyraceous to coriaceous, not bullate, margin serrulate in the
distal ¼, upper side slightly glossy dark green, lower side glossy medium green; venation:
midrib ϐǡ, prominent below, main lateral
veins ͵ͲȂͷͲǡͷȂʹͷ, not prominent above, prominent below,
making a slight angle with the midrib and curved upwards to run parallel to the margin,
intermediate lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, distinct, tertiary
venation scalariform, perpendicular to the main lateral veins, distinct on both sides.
ϔ terminal or rarely axillary, when axillary composed of a woody peduncle
ʹ
ǡ ͳȂʹ ǡ, its main axis (7–
)11–27(–40) cm long, slender, generally naked in its lower third; racemes ͲȋȂʹȌǡ ͳͶȂͳͷ
cm long; pairwise scales persistent at the base of peduncle, triangular, 3–4 mm long;
ͳȂͳͲǡʹȂͳͲǦϐǡtypically elongated when mature (up to 10
mm long), sometimes supported by a bract of up to 6 mm. Flower: pedicel 6–12 mm long,
Ǥ͵ , articulated at 1–2 mm from the base; sepals
ǡϐͶȂʹȂ͵ǡʹǡǢ
obovate, 6–10 x 5–8 mm, base truncate, apex emarginate; stamens: anthers 2–4 mm
long; ovary c. 1 x 1 mm; style c. 3 mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳ ϐǡ͵͵
mm in fruit; drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid,
7–8 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size.
Notes: C. zenkeri and C. letouzey are here regarded as synonyms of C. oliveri. C. oliveri was
previously only known from the type specimen collection which was collected during a
ϐ
some leaves. This feature was the only morphological character that distinguished C.
oliveri from C. zenkeri and C. letouzeyi. The phenomenon was also studied in ϐȋ
C. elongatum and former C. zenkeri and C. letouzeyi), where it could be observed that in
Ǧϐ
leafy twig. The terminal growth of the primary branch being continued by an axillary bud.
This phenomenon is apparently rare, but does not indicate any taxonomic distinction but
rather a developmental stage.
C. oliveri resembles C. elongatum because of the large leaves with a rounded to cordate
3
Ǥͳͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
ϐ Ǥ ǡC. oliveri is a branched shrub or treelet
(not monocaulous) with not all leaves crowded apically, has a cylindrical peduncle
ȋϐ C. elongatum), pedicels articulating at 1–2 mm from the base and
ϐǤ
Distribution: south-eastern Nigeria and Cameroon (South and South-west provinces)
(Map ʹͶ).
3
Ǥͳʹ
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, on forested slopes, in riverine rain forest; on
marshy, sandy and clayish soils; at 20–1000 m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ Ǣ
observed in March, April and June.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ αͷͺǡͳͳ 2ǡ α͵ǡʹʹ 2,
α͵ͻ ȋ αͶʹ ȌǤ ǡ
in comparison to its rather small area of distribution and so appears not to be rare.
However, it occurs mainly outside of any protected area. Therefore, it is reasonable to
apply the category of Near Threatened.
Specimens examined:
, Central Province: c. 40 km SSW. of Eséka, S. of Badjob. 3°32’N 10°34’E. Alt: 200m, 9 November
1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 3805 (WAG); Right bank Kélé R., left bank tributary, 30 km N. of Eséka, E. of road
to Mbanga. 3°50’N 10°49’E, 5 January 1966 (st), Leeuwenberg 7463 (WAG); Mambe près de Boga, 30 km N.
Ǥȋ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲȌǤ͵ιͷͶǯͳͲιͶǯǡͺ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLetouzey 12280 (P); Littoral: 50
km NW. of Eséka, W. of Yaoundé. On opposite of the Kelè river. 3°50’N 10°27’E. Alt: 100m, 21 November 1963
(st), Wilde, W.J.J.O. de 1259 (BR,P,WAG,YA); près de Melong, près Nkonsou. 5°07’N 9°57’E, 15 March 1953 (fr),
Letouzey 1586 (P); 17 km E. of Kopongo, along road to Masok, right bank Bolobo R. 4°00’N 10°15’E. Alt: 250m,
15 October 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 7000 (P,WAG); route de Douala à Yabassi, 30 km au N. de la bifurcation
pour Edéa. 4°24’N 10°00’E, 12 May 1970 (st), Farron 7276 (P); Bakaka, 8 km E. of Ekomtolo (a village 8
km E. of km 11 Nkongsamba-Loum road). 4.50 N 9.56 E. 4°50’N 9°56’E. Alt: 450m, 28 December 1971 (st),
Leeuwenberg 9008 (BR,K,WAG); Km 20 Loum-Yabassi, 2 km N. of Solé. 4.37 N 9.48 E. 4°37’N 9°48’E. Alt: 150m,
3 January 1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9053 (WAG); Km 1 Solé-Loum. 4.37 N 9.48 E. 4°37’N 9°48’E. Alt: 150m, 4
January 1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9066 (WAG); près Yingui II, à 5 km à l’ENE de Yingui. (35 km E. de Yabassi);
ȋ ǤͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲȌǤͶι͵ʹǤͲǯͳͲιͳͺǤͲǯǡͺ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLetouzey 10927 (K,P); près
ǡͷȋ͵ͷȌǤȋ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲ±ȌǤͶι͵ͶǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡ
ͳͲ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLetouzey 10954 (K,P); South Province: Ebom C2. 3°06.0’N 10°44.6’E. Alt: 690m, March
1997 (st), Gemerden 93ȋ ȌǢǡǤ͵ιͲʹǤ͵ǯͳͲιʹͺǤͲǯǤǣͷͷǡͳ͵ ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡ
Smits, A.P. 182 ȋ ǡ ȌǢ ϐǡ ͵ιͲͶǯ ͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker 348 (B,C,G,LD,LY,U,US,WAG);
About 1 km along transect, some km E of village Ebimimbang. 3°03’N 10°26’E. Alt: 100m, 20 November 1998
(st), Burgt, X.M. van der 526 (KRIBI,MO,WAG,YA); In the Tropenbos research area. Block I2. 3°06’N 10°44’E.
ǣͷͷͲǡͳͲͳͻͻȋϐȌǡElad 605ȋ ǡ ȌǢ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻȋϐȌǡZenker 1001 (E,G,K,L,P,WAG);
Ǧ ǡ°Ǥ͵ιͲ͵Ǥ͵ͻǯͳͲιͳǤͻǯǤǣͻͶǡ͵Ͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡ
Bissiengou 1237 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bidou I, environ 6 km après village Ndtoua. 3°03.39’N 10°16.69’E.
Alt: 94m, 30 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1238 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Kribi-Bidou I, environ 6 km après
Ǥ ͵ιͲ͵Ǥ͵ͻǯ ͳͲιͳǤͻǯǤ ǣ ͻͶǡ ͵Ͳ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 1239 (LBV,WAG,YA); route
Kribi-Bipindi, PK7.3 avant Bipindi. 3°04.38’N 10°22.94’E. Alt: 79m, 30 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1247
(LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.30’N 10°25.12’E. Alt:
ʹʹǡ͵ͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1252 (LBV,WAG,YA); route Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ
2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.34’N 10°25.10’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1253 (LBV,WAG,YA); route
Bipindi-Bidjouka, village Log Ndiga environ 2 km de Bipindi. 3°05.34’N 10°25.10’E. Alt: 230m, 31 March 2010
(fr), Bissiengou 1254 (LBV,WAG,YA); Est. 5 km SSE of Bipindi. 3°04’N 10°25’E. Alt: 120m, 14 January 1987
ȋϐǡȌǡManning, S.D. 1321ȋǡǡ ȌǢǡϐǤ͵ιͲ͵ǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǤǣ͵ͲͲǡʹʹ
ͳ
ʹ
B
C
ʹͳǤ Campylospermum oliveri. ͳ & ʹ. Incumbent cotyledons. B. Leaf blade. CǤϐ Ǥ. Persistent bracts. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ʹͶ. Distribution of Campylospermum oliveriȋȌCampylospermum paucinervatum ( )
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͶ
ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2305ȋ ȌǢǡǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡZenker 2733 (G); Left
bank Nyong River, 30 km S. of Edea, near bridge in road to Kribi. 3°30’N 10°10’E. Alt: 50m, 26 April 1965
(st), Leeuwenberg 5569 (WAG); 59 km from Kribi, Lolodorf road, 8 km W. of Bipindi, near Madoungo. 3°04’N
10°20’E, 16 February 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6358 (WAG); 6 km N. of km 46 Kribi-Lolodorf. 3°05’N 10°15’E, 12
March 1970 (st), Bos, J.J. 6520 (WAG); 65 km NE de Kribi. 3°04’N 10°24’E, 27 April 1970 (st), Farron 7173
(P); South-West ProvinceǣǤͶιͳͲǯͻιͳͲǯǡ ͳͺͳȋϐȌǡMann, G. 12 (K,P); environ Bouéa.
ͶιͲͻǯͻιͳͶǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡ ͳͻͳͺȋϐȌǡAnnet 25 (P); Tiko. 4°05’N 9°22’E. Alt: 18m, 5 January 1926
ȋϐȌǡDunlap 171 (K); Limbe, Northern border, just inside Mabeta-Moliwe reserve. 4°08’N 9°16’E. Alt: 180m,
ʹͶ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 1994 (MO,SCA,WAG); Kurume, W of mungo River. 4°55’N 9°29’E. Alt: 250m,
ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 5460 (BR,MO,WAG); Kumba, South Bakundu. 4°38’N 9°27’E, 15 May 1970
(st), Farron 7304 (P); Kumba, South Bakundu. 4°38’N 9°27’E, 15 May 1970 (st), Farron 7309 (P); LikombaϐǤͳͷǦ͵ͷǤǤ ǤͶιͲͳǯͻιͲͺǯǡͳͻ ͳͻʹͺȋϐȌǡMildbraed 10520 (A,K); along
ǤǤ ǤǤǡͶι͵Ͳǯͻι͵Ͳǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBinuyo FHI 35060
ȋǡ ǡȌǢ ǤǤǡǢʹǤͶιʹͲǯͻιͳͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡKeay
FHI 37401ȋ
ǡȌǢ ǤǡǤϐǤͶιʹͳǯͻιͳͺǯǡ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡKeay FHI 37537 (FHI,K).
, Cross River StateǣǤͶιͷǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺʹȋϐǡȌǡThomson, W.C. 15 (E,K); near Awi village
ͳͺǤͷιͳͷǯͺιʹʹǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1616 (WAG); lower Enyong. Atan
Ǥͷιͳǯιͷǯǡͳͻͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡOnochie FHI 33208 (K).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1969, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson,
Dalziel & Keay (1954).
Campylospermum paucinervatum Sosef
Blumea 52: 15 (2007). – Type: Harris 8338 (holotype: WAG!; isotype: E!, K!, LBV!, MO!),
Gabon, Ogooué-Maritime Province, Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon,
c. 12 km south of Iguela, May 3rd, 2005.
Shrub or treelet up to 2 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with whitish bark. Stipules
caducous, narrowly triangular, ͵Ȃͷ . Leaf: petiole 0–2 mm long; leaf blade
narrowly elliptic or sometimes very narrowly elliptic, ͵ȂͻǤͷȋȂͳ͵ȌͲǤȂʹȋȂ͵Ȍ ,
ratio ʹǤͷȂͺ, base attenuate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, the very top apiculate,
coriaceous, not bullate, upper side glossy, dark green, lower side slightly paler, green,
margin entire in the lower half to lower third, distal part distantly serrulate; venation:
midrib slightly prominent on both sides, main lateral veins ͲȂʹȋȂͷȌ, ͳͲȂ
͵ͷ, prominent on both sides, branching off in the lower part of the leaf
and strongly curved upwards to form a prominent marginal vein which runs just
inside the margin of the blade, intermediate lateral veins absent, tertiary venation
scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, forming a series of numerous veins connecting
to the midrib, distinct on both sides. ϔ terminal, branched, lax, its main
axis ʹȂͷȋȂͳͲȌ ; racemes 1–3, up to ͵ , ending with persistent bracts
at the tip; pairwise scales at the base of the peduncle absent or few; bracts persistent
at the base of each cymule, triangular, ͳǤͷ; cymules ͵Ȃͷ,
ͳȂʹǦϐǤ Flowers: pedicel 7–12 mm long, articulated at 1–3 mm from the base;
Ǧǡ Ǥͷʹϐǡ͵ǡǡ
at base; petals broadly spathulate, Ȃͺ͵ǤͷȂͷ, base attenuate, apex rounded;
stamens: anthers c. 4 mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit: receptacle
3.7 Materials and Methods
άǡ Ǥͳϐǡ͵ȂͷǢͳȂʹǦ
developed per receptacle, ± reniform, 5–6 mm in diameter; cotyledons incumbent,
dissimilar in size with a small external cotyledon.
Notes: After publication of this species in 2007, additional specimens from the Republic
of the Congo and north-western Angola (Cabinda) have been located. In addition to
Ǥ ȋʹͲͲȌ ϐ Campylospermum species
(notably C. glomeratum), it is also similar to C. plicatum, which has similar racemes
carrying persistent bracts at the top.
Distribution: Gabon, Republic of the Congo and north-western Angola (Cabinda) (Map
ʹͶ).
Ecology: in forest, forest-savanna edges, coastal thicket; on white sand; at 10–40 m
altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǢǡ
August.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀʹȋǡȌǤ αͳʹǡͲͺͶ 2ǡ αͻǡͲͶ 2,
α ȋ αͶͺ ȌǤ
restricted distribution and habitat. Its oldest record is from 1959 (Angola); its most
recent one from 2012. It is known from only 7 herbarium specimens, 3 of which
originate from within Loango National Park in Gabon. It is a coastal species and thus
subject to habitat loss due to human activities. Therefore, the category of Vulnerable
has been assigned.
Specimens examined:
, Cabinda: Maiombe, buco Zau. 4°45’S 12°34’E, 19 June 1959 (fr), Missão de Estudos Florestais a
Angola 479 (LISC);
ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: along coast just northwest of Pointe Noire, near Pointe Indienne.
4°41.23’S 11°48.87’E. Alt: 20m, 15 February 2012 (st), M’Boungou 660 (B,BR,IEC,K,MO,P,WAG); Bas-Kouillou,
après le pont sur le Kouillou. 4°28’S 11°42’E, 2 July 1986 (fr), Foresta 1022 (P); Pointe Noire, along coast just
ǡ Ǥ ͶιͶͳǤʹǯ ͳͳιͶͺǤͻ͵ǯǤ ǣ ʹͲǡ ʹͶ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐȌǡ
Kami, T. 1244 (BR,G,IEC,K,MO,P,US,WAG);
, : 16 km ESE of Gamba airport. 2°49’S 10°12’E. Alt: 40m, 9 August 1992 (fr), Wieringa, J.J.
1372 (C,FHO,LBV,MO,WAG); ±Ǧ: Loango National Park, Nick’s camp, by Louri lagoon 12 km
ǤʹιͲͲǯͻιʹ͵ǯǤǣͳͲǡ͵ʹͲͲͷȋϐǡȌǡHarris, D.J. 8338 (E,IG,LBV,WAG); Loango National
Park 1.5 km southeast of Iguela lodge. 1°55.83’S 9°19.77’E. Alt: 10m, 21 May 2005 (fr), Harris, D.J. 8781
(E,IG,LBV,WAG).
Key literature: Sosef et al. (2007).
Campylospermum plicatum (Tiegh.) Biss.
Ǥʹʹ
Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Monelasmum plicatum Tiegh., J. Bot (Morot) 16: 202 (June 1902).
– Type: Griffon du Bellay 296 (holotype: P!), Gabon, Pyrat, October 1863.
Monelasmum strictum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 330 (Dec. 1902). –
Campylospermum strictum (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965).
– Type: Guiral s.nǤȋǣǨȌǡ ǡǡͳͺͺͷǤsyn.
nov.
3
Ǥͳͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳ
Monelasmum engleri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (Dec. 1902). – Type:
Welwitsch s.n. (holotype: COI!), Angola. syn. nov.
Exomicrum kouiloui Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339 (Dec. 1902). – Type: Lecomte
B.110 (holotype: P!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, bords du Kouilou, January 3rd,
1894. syn. nov.
Exomicrum pseudospicatum (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 38 (June 1903).
– Ouratea pseudospicata Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 263 (1904). – Type: Vanderyst s.n.
(holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Moanda, 1891. syn. nov.
Ouratea gymnoura Gilg & Mildbr., Wiss. Erg. deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped., Bot. 6: 559 (1913).
– Type: Zenker 4682 (holotype: P!; isotype: BR!, MO!, P!, S!), Cameroon, Bipinde, 1913.
Ouratea goossensii Ǥǡ Ǥ Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ – Type: Goossens 1657
(holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Yambuya, May 1921.
Tree up to ͷ tall, with branched stem; twigs with pale brown bark. Stipules caducous,
triangular, 3–4(–6) mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–6(–10) mm long; leaf blade narrowly
elliptic to elliptic or narrowly elliptic-obovate ȋȂȌͻȂͳͺȋȂʹʹȌȋʹȂȌ͵ȂȋȂȌ , ratio
ʹǤͷȂͶ, base cuneate or sometimes obtuse, apex slightly to distinctly acuminate and
ͺȂͳͷ , papyraceous to parchmentaceous, not bullate,
dark green above, paler green below, glossy on both sides, margin almost smooth to
very shallowly serrulate, the teeth with a black tip; venation: midrib slightly prominent
on both sides, main lateral veins ȋͷȂȌȂͳͳon either side, Ȃʹ, prominent
on both sides, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but strongly curved upward
to run parallel to the margin for a long stretch, intermediate lateral veins ͲȂ͵
each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform,
joined with cross veinlet, reticulate towards the midrib, distinct above, very distinct
below. ϔ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis ȋȂȌͳͻȂ͵ͲȋȂͶͳȌ ;
pairwise scales at the base of peduncle caducous, triangular; racemes (1–)4–10, erectopatent, (3–)6–17(–22) cm long, terminating in few persistent bracts; cymules 0.5–1
ǡͳȂǦϐǡeach cymule with a persistent, sometimes leafy, triangular,
ʹȂȋȂͺȌ . Flower: pedicel (6–)8–13(–15) mm long, articulated
ʹȂͷǢǡϐͷȂʹȂ͵ǡ
7–10 x 3–5 mm, base truncate, apex rounded; petals obovate, 7–9 x 4–6 mm, cuneate
at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm long; style
5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged in fruit up to 4–5 mm; drupelets 2 to 3 well
developed per receptacle, ellipsoid-oblong, 8–14 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent,
dissimilar in size, with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: C. plicatum is readily distinguished by its leaves with a long acumen. It shares the
presence of persistent bracts at the tip of each raceme with C. paucinervatum. Ouratea
pseudospicata was considered to be a synonym of C. reticulatum by Farron (1965), who
gave no reason for his choice. After having studied the type specimen, we conclude that
ͳ
ʹ
B
ʹʹǤ Campylospermum plicatum. A. Flowering branch. B. Sterile branch. ͳ Seed, cross section. ʹ. Seed. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ʹͷ. Distribution of Campylospermum plicatumȋȌCampylospermum sacleuxii ( )
3.7 Materials and Methods
A
3
Ǥͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͺ
this name indicates the same taxon as C. plicatum.
Distribution: Cameroon, southern Central African Republic, Sao Tomé and Principe,
ǡ ǡ ǡ ȋȌǡ
Republic of the Congo, and north-western Zambia (Map ʹͷ).
Ecology: primary and secondary rain forest, gallery forest, swamp forest, along
mangroves; on sandy and brown clay soils; at up to 940 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Vernacular names: : Amamambamamba (Bila),
Iliangeta (Kirega), Kosaka (Lingala), Nkolos (Lombole) and Waka (Yambata); Angola:
Libambo, Tchitunga.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤα͵ǡʹͲͳǡͻͻͲ2ǡαʹǡͺͷͻǡͻͷͲ2ǡ αͺͶ
ȋ α͵ͲͶȌǤ
in herbaria indicating it is not uncommon. It is found in National Parks such as Loango
ǡ° ǡǦ
African Republic and the Okapi Forest Reserve in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Therefore, the category of Least Concern is most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, ǣ ȋϐȌǡ Welwitsch, F.M.J. s.n. (COI); Cabinda: Cabinda-Buco Zau, talhão permanente da
ǤͶιͶͻǯͳʹι͵͵ǯǡͻ ͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡMurta 3 (COI); Cabinda-Buco Zau, Chiaca, picada de Mizundungo.
4°50’S 12°30’E, 11 September 1958 (fr), Monteiro, R.F.R. 304 (COI); Maiombe. 4°45’S 12°34’E, 22 July 1960
(fr), Missão de Estudos Florestais a Angola 754ȋ ȌǢǤͶιͶͷǯͳʹι͵Ͷǯǡʹͺͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡ
Teixeira, J.M.L.B. 7640ȋ ǡȌǢǡ ǤͶιͷͲǯͳʹι͵ͶǯǡʹͶͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡTeixeira, J.M.L.B.
7650 (LISC,LUA).
, Central Provinceǣ ǡ ͳȀʹͲͲ ͲͲͲ Ǥ Ͷιʹͷǯ ͳʹιͳ͵ǯǡ ͻ
1959 (fr), Letouzey 1892 (P); South ProvinceǣϐǤ͵ιͲͶǯͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡZenker s.n. (G);
Ǥ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡȋϐȌǡZenker 85 (B,C,HUH,LD,WAG); Bipinde. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1896 (st), Zenker 1077
(G); Bipinde. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1904 (fr), Zenker 2999 (BM,COI,G,K,LY,MA,S,W,WAG,Z); Bipindi. 3°05’N 10°25’E,
ͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡZenker 4389 (B,BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,MA,S,W,Z); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1912 (fr), Zenker 4438
ȋǡǡ ǡǡȌǢǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡZenker 4682 (BM,E,G,K,P,W).
, Lobaye: Ngotto, layon L6(5-6 km). 3°58’N 17°10’E, 29 November 1999 (fr),
Yongo 279ȋȌǢǡȋ͵ǤͷǦͶǤͷȌǤ͵ιͷͻǯͳιͲͻǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡYongo 299 (BRLU);
Ǧ±±: Kongana camp, GHI transect 1 km west of camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 15 December 1993 (st),
Harris, D.J. 3990 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͳͶ Ǥ ʹι͵Ͷǯ ͳιͲͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Harris, D.J. 4813 (E);
Madibwé, close to St. Francois road 12 km NE of Bayanga. 2°58’N 16°18’E, 6 May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7576
(BR,E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, KouilouǣͶιʹͻǯͳʹιͳͷǯǡ ͳͺͻͶȋϐȌǡLecomte, P.H. 110 (P); ±: Région
de Kindamba, environs de Kikouimba sur piste de Mâ-Kinzona à 1 km de Mâ. 3°14’S 14°10’E, 4 December
1971 (fr), Sita 3170 (WAG); Poolǣ Ǣ±ǤͶιʹǯͳ͵ιͷʹǯǡͶͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡ
Néré de 387 (P); Plateau bateké, piste km 46-Maloukou-Tréchot, Mandielé. 4°03’S 15°31’E, 22 October 1968
(fr), Sita 2735 (WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, ǣ Ǥ ͳͻʹͳ ȋϐȌǡ Claessens 129 (BR); Bandundu: Kikwit.
5°02’S 18°48’E, 12 April 1992 (fr), Masens, B. 561 (BRLU); Buna. 3°14’S 18°59’E, February 1944 (fr), Flamigni
6370 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, 1921 (fr), Vanderyst 10817ȋȌǢ ǤͶιͲǯͳͻι͵ǯǡ ͳͻʹʹȋϐȌǡ
Vanderyst 12306ȋȌǢϐǤͷι͵ǯͳͷιͷͲǯǡͳͻʹͷȋϐȌǡVanderyst 15135
ȋȌǢϐǤͷι͵ǯͳͷιͷͲǯǡͳͻʹͷȋϐȌǡVanderyst 15170 (BR); Bas-Congo:
Ǥͷιͷǯͳʹιʹͳǯǡͳͻͳ͵ȋϐǡȌǡVanderyst s.n. (BR); Moanda. 5°56’S 12°21’E, 1891 (fr), Vanderyst
s.n. ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͷǯ ͳʹιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻͲ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Gillet, J. s.n. (BR); Moanda, Boma. 5°56’S
ͳʹιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡBittremieux 42ȋǡȌǢǤͷιͶͻǯͳ͵ιʹͺǯǡͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡDacremont
3.7 Materials and Methods
161ȋǡǡ ȌǢ° ǡǦǤͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ι͵ͶǯǡʹͳͻȋϐȌǡBreyne, H. 240 (BR,WAG); 5
ǯ Ǥͷι͵ʹǯͳ͵ι͵ͶǯǡͳͳͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡCompère 313 (BR); Leopoldville. 5°49’S 13°28’E,
ͳͲͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡDacremont 339 (BR,EA,WAG); Banane. 6°00’S 12°24’E, April 1913 (fr), Verschueren,
R.C.M. 448ȋǡǡȌǢͷιͶǯͳ͵ι͵ǯǡͺͳͻͻȋϐȌǡNsimundele 645 (BR); Nyololo, route des
caravanes. 5°51’S 13°33’E, 16 September 1980 (fr), Nsimundele 690 (BR); Kanzi. 5°49’S 12°46’E, 8 November
1980 (fr), Nsimundele 795ȋȌǢǤͷιͷͲǯͳ͵ι͵͵ǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͺʹȋϐǡȌǡNsimundele 1078 (BR);
ǦǤͷιͷͳǯͳʹι͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWagemans
1208 (BR); Le long de la nouvelle route Boma et Banane. 5°55’S 12°44’E, 2 February 1957 (fr), Wagemans
1367 (BR,WAG); Route Boma-Banane. 5°55’S 12°44’E, 10 March 1957 (st), Wagemans 1449 (BR,WAG); Vallée
ǯ±ǤǤǤͷιͷͺǯͳʹι͵ǯǡ͵ͲͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWagemans 1686 (BR,K,WAG); Tshikai,
route de Boma-Banane. 5°52’S 12°27’E, 13 April 1960 (fr), Compère 1859ȋȌǢ ǡ
ϐǯ ʹͷǤͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ι͵ͶǯǡͳͶͳͻͷͺȋȌǡWagemans 2022 (BR);
Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡʹͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡDonis 2120 (BR,K,WAG); environ de Moanda. 5°56’S 12°21’E,
ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Gillet, J. 3986 (BR); Matadi. 5°49’S 13°28’E, 2 March 1948 (st), Duvigneaud, P.A. 4120
ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͷǯ ͳʹιʹͳǯǡ ͳ ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 27835 (BR); Moanda. 5°56’S 12°21’E,
ͳ ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 27870 (BR); Equateur: Boende. 0°13’S 20°52’E, 10 August 1941 (fr),
Hulstaert 404ȋȌǢ Ǥͳιͳͳǯʹ͵ιͳǯǡͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡDubois, L. 1031 (BR); Botsima, station de recherche.
1°09’S 21°57’E, 28 March 1991 (fr), Dhetchuvi Matchu-Mandje 1059ȋȌǢȋȌǤͲιͲ͵ǯ
ͳͺιͳͷǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡLebrun 1119 (US,WAG); entre Libenge et Zongo. 4°00’N 18°43’E, (st), Hauman 1664
ȋȌǢǤʹιʹǯʹʹιͲʹǯǡ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡGiorgi 1676 (BR); Yalikungu-Yongo. 0°44’S 22°38’E, 18
ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡEvrard, C.M. 5159 (BR,K); Kasai-Occidental: lac Foa. 5°44’S 23°20’E, 24 September 1904
ȋϐȌǡ Lescrauwaert 216 ȋȌǢ ǡ ° Ǥ ιͲͲǯ ʹ͵ιʹͷǯǡ ʹͶ ͳͻͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Liben 1797
(BR,G,WAG); Kasai-OrientalǣǤ͵ιʹͻǯʹʹιʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡClaessens 263 (BR); Katanga (Shaba):
Sokele. 9°55’S 24°36’E, April 1950 (fr), Desenfans 92 (BR,BRLU); Kapanga. 8°21’S 22°34’E, October 1933
ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Overlaet 862 (BR); Ǧǣ ǦǤ ͲιͶͷǯ ʹͻιͶͷǯǤ ǣ ͺͲʹǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͲͺ ȋϐȌǡ
Kirunda 748ȋ ȌǢǤͲιͶͷǯʹͻιͶǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡBequaert 3173 (BR); Parc National Albert, rive
ǤͲιͷͲǯ͵ͲιͲͲǯǤǣͲͲǡͺ ͳͻͷͶȋϐǡȌǡWitte, G.F. de 10849 (BR); Parc National Albert,
ȋȌϐǡϐǤͲιͶʹǯʹͻιͶʹǯǤǣͷͲǡͳͺ ͳͻͷͷȋϐǡȌǡWitte, G.F.
de 11902 (BR); Orientale: Stanleyville. 0°31’N 25°11’E, 15 January 1904 (fr), Laurent, É. s.n. (BR); station
ǯǤͳιʹͷǯʹͺι͵ͷǯǤǣͷͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡHart, T.B. 18 (BR); Station d’Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E.
Alt: 750m, 4 April 1981 (fr), Hart, T.B. 26ȋǡȌǢǯǤͳιʹͷǯʹͺι͵ͷǯǤǣͷͲǡͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡ
Hart, T.B. 29ȋȌǢǤͳιʹͶǯʹͺι͵ͶǯǤǣͷͲǡʹͷ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡMokbondo 379 (MO,WAG); Lenda.
ͳιʹͶǯʹͺι͵ͶǯǤǣͷͲǡʹ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡMokbondo 381 (MO,WAG); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt: 750m,
ͳͲ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡHart, T.B. 436 (BR); Beondo Lomami riv. 1°42’S 25°03’E, 18 April 1999 (st), Bamps 549
ȋǡȌǢ Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ͳιʹͷǯ ʹͺι͵ͷǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ʹͳ ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐȌǡ Bujo Dhego 591
ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢ±ǦǡÁϐÃǤͲιͳ͵ǯʹͷι͵͵ǯǡͳʹ ͳͻȋȌǡLejoly 798
(BRLU); Haut Uele (région de Kilo). 1°50’N 30°09’E, June 1921 (fr), Claessens 944 (BR); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E.
ǣͷͲǡͶ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡHart, T.B. 1086 (K); zone de Mambasa, Ituri Forest. 1°25’N 28°35’E, 15 February
1991 (st), Hart, T.B. 1210 (BR); Yambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, May 1921 (fr), Goossens 1657 (BR).
, Rio Muni, Litoral: exploration du Benito. 1°34’N 9°42’E, 29 July 1885 (fr), Guiral s.n.
(P); ǡǣ± ǡ Ǥͳι͵ͳǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡObama
495 (BRLU).
, ǣ ͳͺͶ ȋϐȌǡ Duparquet 59 (P); ǣ l’Ogooué, (st) Klaine 398 (P); Estuaire:
Billagone. 0°01’N 9°48’E. Alt: 30m, (st), Thomson, A.P. 3 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͲιʹͲǯ ͻιʹͳǯǡ ͳͺ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Griffon du Bellay 296 (P); Mangrove edge 1 km N. of the landing stage of Ovang. 0°29’N 9°31’E. Alt: 5m, 15
ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Reitsma, J.M. 833 (WAG); tanne à partir du débarcadère d’Ovang. 0°30’N 9°31’E, 15
ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Louis, A.M. 1722 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ͲιͳͷǤͻǯ ͻι͵͵ǤͶͺǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ͳͳ
ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡSosef 2744 (LBV,WAG); S of Estuaire du Gabon along Remboué River; British Gas site;
ǦʹǤͲιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǤǣͳͲǡʹ͵ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡMcPherson, G.D.
15434 (MO,WAG); environ de Libreville. 0°25’N 9°26’E, October 1912 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 27147 (P); Haut±: Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. 1 km du Bai de Jobo. 2°12.95’S 13°51.28’E, 5 June 2005 (st),
Niangadouma 507 (MO,WAG); Ǧ±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, lac près de
°±ǤͲιͷͲǤͲͷǯͳͲι͵ͳǤǯǤǣͻǡͳͺ ʹͲͳʹȋϐǡȌǡBidault 933 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG);
Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivère Ngounié. 0°48.80’S 10°29.75’E. Alt: 32m,
ʹͶ ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bidault 983 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); zone de Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de
3
Ǥͳͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͺͲ
±±ǡ°±ǤͲιͶǤͻǯͳͲιʹͺǤͲǯǤǣͷͺǡʹ ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐǡȌǡBidault
1036 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Ayem, SW de Ndjolé. 0°22’S 10°35’E, 12 April 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 1643 (P); Ayem,
SW de Ndjolé. 0°22’S 10°35’E, 25 April 1963 (st), Hallé, N. 1873 (P); zone de Mabounié,à environ 45 km au sudest de Lambaréné, rive Est de la Ngounié. 0°49.92’S 10°31.65’E. Alt: 25m, 1 November 2012 (fr), Dauby 3048
(BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); Mabounié Mine. 0°46.43’S 10°28.18’E. Alt: 22m, 4 May 2012 (fr), Stévart, TOBEB 4162
ȋǡȌǢ±ǡ±ǤͲιͶͺǤͺ͵ǯͳͲιʹͻǤͺͺǯǤǣ͵ǡͳͳʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡStévart,
TOBEB 4530 (LBV,MO); border of Missanga River near Ndjolé. 0°07’S 10°45’E, 9 May 1992 (fr), Breteler 11397
(LBV,MO,WAG); ±: Mabounié, le long de la rivière Ngounié. 0°49.97’S 10°33.50’E. Alt: 86m, 12 October
2012 (st), Sonké 5989 (MO); along stream Ngounie. 0°39.37’S 10°22.93’E. Alt: 22m, 17 October 2012 (st),
Sonké 6082 (MO); 0°48.98’S 10°30.40’E. Alt: 49m, 18 October 2012 (st), Sonké 6093 (MO); ±Ǧ:
10.5 km from Lastoursville Railway Bridge, E-W road, Chantier SBL. 0°47’S 12°45’E. Alt: 300m, 18 November
ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van der 5588 (BR,G,LBV,MO,WAG); ±Ǧ: Koumaga. 2°26.5’S 9°50.7’E,
21 November 1990 (st), Nek 386ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢǡ ǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͲǯǡʹͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡ
Breteler 9734 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ Ǧǡ Ǥ ʹιͲͲǯ ͻιͷͲǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler
10162 (WAG); Ǧ: Bordamur concession area, some 48 km NE of Mitsic. 1°15’N 11°54’E. Alt: 550m,
ʹʹ ʹͲͲʹȋϐǡȌǡStrijk 247 (LBV,WAG).
, Ogun StateǣǤǤ ǡǤǤ͵ͳǤ ǤιͳǯͶιͳʹǯǡ͵ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJones,
A.P.D. FHI 17354 (FHO,K).
2 Ƭ , ± ǣ Ǥ Ͳιͳͷǯ ι͵ͺǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͻͻ ȋȌǡ
Joffroy 36ȋȌǢÚ ±ǤͲιͳͺǯι͵ͺǯǡͳͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡJoffroy 116 (BRLU); Base Pico Maria Fernandes.
ͲιͳͲǤ͵ǯι͵ͺǤͷǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡOgonovszky 287 (BRLU); Pico Cabumbé. 0°12’N 6°33’E.
Alt: 940m, 13 March 2003 (fr), Ogonovszky 410ȋȌǢ ±ǤͲιͳʹǯι͵͵ǯǡͳͶ ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Ogonovszky 414 ȋȌǢ ± ±Ǥ Ͳιͳǯ ι͵ǯǡ ͳͺ ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐȌǡ
Espirito Santo 4054ȋ ǡ ȌǢǯǯǤʹͻ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo 4674 (LISC); Cabumbé. 0°12’N
ι͵͵ǯǡͺͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 128 (BRLU).
ZAMBIA, ǦǣǤͳͳιͲͺǯʹͶιͳʹǯǡͳͺͳͻͻȋϐȌǡMutimushi 3280 (K); source of
R. Zambezi. 11°23’S 24°20’E, 13 December 1963 (fr), Robinson, E.A. 6134 (K).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Farron (1963, 1985).
Campylospermum reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Farron Ǥʹ͵
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 400 (1965). – Gomphia reticulata P.Beauv., Fl. Oware
2(12): 22, t. 72 (1810). – Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg, in Engl. & Prantl.,
ǤϐǤǤͳǡ ǡǣͳͶʹȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǤȂMonelasmum reticulatum (P.Beauv.) Tiegh.,
Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 8: 216 (1902). – Type: Palisot de Beauvois s.n. (holotype: G!;
isotype: G (2x)!), Nigeria, Oware, 1805.
Gomphia turnerae Hook.f. ex Planch., London J. Bot. 6: 2 (1847). – Monelasmum turnerae
(Hook.f.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea turnerae (Hook.f.)
Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 193 (1927). – Campylospermum reticulatum
(P.Beauv.) Farron var. turnerae (Hook.f.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 400
(1965). – Type: Turner s.n. (holotype: K!; isotype: K!), Sierra Leone. syn. nov.
Gomphia micrantha Hook.f., J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot. 6: 8 (1862). – Ouratea micrantha
(Hook.f.) Hutch. & Dalziel, Fl. W. trop. Afr., ed. 1, 1: 193 (1927). – Type: Mann 568
ȋǣǨǢǣǨȌǡ ǡ ǡ ȋͳͺͲȌǤ
Ouratea pellucida De Wild. & T.Durand in T.Durand & De Wild., Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot.
͵ͺȋʹȌǡǤǤǣ͵ͷȋͳͺͻͻȌǤȂExomicrum pellucidum (De Wild. & T.Durand)
Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339 (Dec. 1902). – Monelasmum pellucidum (De Wild.
& T.Durand) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 35 (June 1903). – Type: Dewèvre 1159
3.7 Materials and Methods
(holotype: BR!; isotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, environ de Stanleyville,
December 24th, 1896.
Monelasmum afzelii (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). – Ouratea
afzelii Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 267 (1904). – Type: Afzelius s.n. (holotype: BM!), Congo.
Monelasmum brunneo-purpureum (Gilg) Tiegh. Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June
1903). – Ouratea brunneo-purpurea Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 266 (1904). – Lectotype
(designated here): Buchholz s.n. (holotype: B†; isotype: A!), Cameroon, Abo, March 1874.
Monelasmum unilaterale (Gilg) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 8, Bot. 18: 36 (June 1903). –
Ouratea unilateralis Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 268 (1904). – Lectotype (designated here):
Conrau 68 (B†; isotype: A! E! P!), Cameroon, Bangwa, 1899. syn. nov.
Ouratea intermedia De Wild., Plant. thonn. congol. II: 232, tab. II (1911). – Type: Thonner
180 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR(2x)!, K!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mongende
near Dundusana (Mongola), February 12th, 1909.
ϔǤǡǤǤͶǣͶʹȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂǣVanderyst 10817
(holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, region d’Ipamu (Lukumu), October
1921.
ϔ De Wild. var. brevipedicellata Ǥǡ Ǥ Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷͷ
(1929). – Type: Lescrauwaert 216 (holotype: BR!), Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Lac Fao, September 24th, 1904.
Ouratea luanoensis Ǥǡ Ǥ Ǥ Ͷǣ Ͷͻ͵ ȋͳͻʹͻȌǤ Ȃ ǣ Vanderyst 2672
(holotype: BR!; isotype: EA!,K!), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Luano, November
28th, 1913.
Ouratea variifoliaǤǡǤǤͶǣͷͳȋͳͻʹͻȌǤȂǣBates 504 (holotype:
BM!; isotype: BR!), Gabon, Como R., 60 mi above Gaboon, 1896.
Ouratea sp., Consp. Fl. Angolensis: 297 (1951). – Type: Gossweiler 9015 (holotype: LISC!;
isotype: BM!), Angola, Cabinda, N’Baco, rio Luali-Chiloango, 1923
Tree or treelet, ʹͲ , ͵ͷ ǡwith branched trunk; twigs with
whitish brown bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, ʹȂͳ͵ mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–10
mm long; leaf blade narrowly ǦǡȋͷȂ
ȌͳͲȂͳȋȂʹ͵Ȍ ȋͳǤͷȂȌ͵ȂͷȋȂͺȌ , ratio ȋʹǤͷȂȌ͵ǤͲȂǤͺ, base cuneate, apex acute to
slightly acuminate, papyraceous to coriaceous, not or rarely slightly bullate, margin
serrulate, often indistinctly so, sometimes entire towards the base, slightly glossy dark
green above, glossy medium green below; venation: midrib prominent on both sides,
main lateral veins Ȃͳ , Ȃʹʹ ǡ prominent above, slightly
to not prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run
parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0 to 2, distinct on both surfaces, tertiary
venation scalariform along the margin but reticulate towards the midrib, usually
very distinct on both sides and below markedly darker than the surrounding leaf
mass. ϔ terminal, occasionally 3 to 4 panicles grouped together, branched
3
Ǥͳͺͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
or rarely unbranched, lax, its main axis ȋͶȂȌͳͳ–ͳȋȂʹͺȌ ; pairwise scales at
the base of the peduncle absent or rarely persistent; racemes (0–)1–5, (1.5–)4–13(–
21) cm long, erecto-patentǢ ͲǤͷȂ͵ ǡͳȂͺǦϐǢ ǡ
triangular, up to 4 mm long. Flower: pedicel ȋ͵ȂȌȂͳͲȋȂͳͺȌlong, articulated at ͳȂ͵
mmǢǡȋͶȂȌȂͺʹȂͶϐǡȋͷȂȌȂͻʹȂͷ
mm in fruit, apex acute; petals obovate, 5–13 x 3–10 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded
to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers 3–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm high; style 3–5
mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳϐǡ͵Ȃͷ͵ȂͷǢ͵
to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid, 6–9 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent,
dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
3
Ǥͳͺʹ
Notes: Farron (1965) treats the taxon described as Gomphia turnerae, and recognized
as a distinct species in for example the Flora of West tropical Africa, as a variety of C.
reticulatum without providing a foundation for this transfer. In his contribution to the
Flore du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi (Farron, 1967), he provides a key to the two
varieties showing they are distinguished mainly by the coloration of the leaves when
dried. Those of var. reticulatum stay more or less green after drying, whereas those
of var. turnerae turn brownish. We think, however, that the coloration of the leaves
ǡǡ ȋ
having been preserved using the Schweinfurth method) and thus on its own this cannot
be considered as a good character to distinguish taxa. Then, Bamps & Farron (1967),
provide an additional charater: leaves of var. reticulatum are papyraceous and those of
var. turnerae are papyraceous to coriaceous, so no clear difference either. Finally, from
a comparison of the two descriptions it seems that var. reticulatum has stipules of 1–3
mm long, while those of var. turnerae are 5–6 mm, but again, we observed stipule length
to be highly variable and not related to the other characters mentioned. Therefore, we
decided not to recognize the two varieties distinguished by Farron.
C. reticulatum is a widespread and highly variable species. According to the information
on herbarium labels, it can be a treelet or a big tree with boles up to 30 cm dbh. The leaves
ȋ ȋʹǤͷȂȌ͵ǤͲȂǤͺȌ ϐ
varies from robust to slender. C. reticulatum is especially similar to C. ϔand C.
warneckei; see below those species for the distinctive characters.
Distribution: from Senegal to south-western Ghana and in southern Nigeria, Cameroon,
ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola (Cabinda and northen) and southern Uganda
(Map ʹ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary rain forest, gallery forest, along streams, and in
swamp forest; predominantly on sandy, lateritic, clayey or clayish-loamy soil; at 0–1750
m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
B
ʹ͵Ǥ Campylospermum reticulatum. A. Flowering branch. BǤ ϐǤ
ʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum reticulatumȋȌCampylospermum ϔ ( )
3.7 Materials and Methods
A
3
Ǥͳͺ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͺͶ
Vernacular names: Central African Republic: Mo Engé (Bambenjele).
Republic of the Congo: Amamambamamba (Bila), Akpala (Yambata); Bolili bo
kikereke, Inaolo a olili, Bompompongo, Yeka olili ikekereke (turumbu); Egboru
(Mangbetu); Kanko, Luhaha, Ndando, Nawarubanda (Kitembo); Kalenge (Kinyanga);
Lofandzandzuku (Lokundu); Lukako (Kinande); Ngulu (Kirega); Payagu (Mungutu);
Soti (Kibubu); Bonion (Boyeka); Dande (Dundusana); Ebombo kasa sisi, Egbogbo,
Kpoyo na mai, Ngeba na mai (Babua); Kamasonge (Lulua); Kimbengi (vallée de la
Singa); Lopalilondjo (Lac Tumba); Lufete (Djombo); Luvamba, Tumbu ya maza (Luki);
Muliangulu (Tshiluba); Tumbulabenzo (Dima).
Usesǣϐȋ ͳͻȌǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαǡʹ͵ͷǡͶͺͲ2ǡαǡǡͺͳͲ2ǡ α͵
ȋ αͷ͵͵ ȌǤ
collected so seems to be fairly common. It occurs both within and outside protected
areas. Therefore, the category of Least Concern has been assigned.
Specimens examined:
, Cabinda: nos ϐ ǦǤ ͶιͶǯ ͳʹι͵͵ǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Gossweiler 6741ȋ ǡ ȌǢǤͶι͵ͻǯͳʹιͶǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͳͺȋϐǡȌǡGossweiler 7570 (BM,COI,K,LISC);
ǡ ǡ ǡ ǦǤ ͶιͶǯ ͳʹι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͻʹ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Gossweiler 9015
(BM,LISC); Cuanza SulǣǤ ÖǦǤͳͲιͷͳǯͳͶιʹʹǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡExell 3168
(BM,COI); Cuanza Sul. Fundaò-amboim. 10°51’S 14°22’E. Alt: 900m, 11 July 1937 (fr), Exell 3169 (COI); ZôaǤͳͲιͷǯͳͶιʹͻǯǡ͵ ͳͻͲͺȋϐȌǡGossweiler 4472 (BM,COI,K).
, Central ProvinceǣǡͳͺǦǤ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳιʹͳǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͻȋϐǡ
fr), Mezili 164 (K); Massif du Mbam Minkom à l’est de Nkolakié (20-25 km NW de Yaoundé). 3°57.60’N
ͳͳιʹʹǤʹʹǯǤǣͺͺǡʹʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡLachenaud 869 (BR,WAG,YA); Mont Meza. 4°17’N 12°08’E, 12 May
ͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡLetouzey 1950 (P); E of Libamba College, approximately 9 km E of Makak. 3°33’N 11°07’E. Alt:
ͲͲǡͻ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡManning, S.D. 1999 (K,MO,WAG); Eloumden mountain, 9 km SW. of Yaoundé. 3°49’N
ͳͳιʹǯǤǣͳͳͷǡʹͻ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 2333 (BR,K,LISC,P,U,WAG,YA); Eloumden mountain, 9
Ǥ±Ǥ͵ιͶͻǯͳͳιʹǯǤǣͳͳͷǡʹͻ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 2334 (A,BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,SL
,U,UC,WAG,YA,Z); Nkolbisson, 7 km W. of Yaoundé. 3°53’N 11°27’E. Alt: 800m, 3 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg
5008 (WAG); 60 km SW of Eséka, 12 km W. of Songbong. 3°26’N 10°24’E. Alt: 200m, 10 March 1965 (st),
Leeuwenberg 5077 (BAS,WAG); 49 km SW of Eséka, right bank Nyong R. 1 km N. of Songbong. 3°28’N 10°30’E.
Alt: 200m, 12 March 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5135 (WAG); 13 km N. of Lobo, 40 km NW of Yaoundé. 4°00’N
11°14’E. Alt: 700m, 13 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5433 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA); Hill near Nkolbisson, 7 km W.
of Yaoundé. 3°52’N 11°27’E. Alt: 1000m, 6 July 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 6054ȋ ȌǢǯϐǤͶιͶͷǯͳͳιͳͶǯǡ
ͳͻ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 7193ȋ ȌǢ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳι͵ͳǯǡ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡMildbraed 7887 (K);
Ǥ ͳͳͷ Ǥ Ͷι͵ǯ ͳʹιͳͷǯǡ ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐȌǡ Mildbraed 8252 (K);
°ǡͶͲȋ ǤͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲȌǤͶιʹͷǯͳͲιͶͻǯǡͳͲ
ͳͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Letouzey 10734 (K,P); East Provinceǣ ǦǤ Ͷι͵Ͳǯ ͳͶιͲͲǯǡ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ
Vroumsia 60 (P); Along Sanaga river S. of Goyoum, 20 km W. of Deng-Deng. 5°12’N 13°23’E. Alt: 635m, 27
ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 945 (WAG); Road from Bangbel to Badzéré, near Bouba. 5°46’N 14°23’E. Alt: 980m,
ͳ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 1178 (BR,K,LISC,P,WAG); Bertoua, 5 km along road to Batouri, junction of road to
±±ǤͶι͵ͷǯͳ͵ιͶͶǯǤǣͲǡͳͶ ͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡBreteler 1195 (BR,FI,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); 2 km
from Nguélémendouka, along road to Bika, near river Bamo. 4°24’N 12°56’E. Alt: 700m, 15 November 1961
(fr), Breteler 2035ȋ ȌǢǡ° Ǥ ǤͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤͷιͳʹǯͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡ
ʹ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡLetouzey 3272 (P); Bertoua to Betare Oya. 36 miles from Bertoua. 4°56’N 13°50’E, 11
ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡSanford, W.W. 6154ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͲǯͳ͵ι͵ͷǯǡȋϐȌǡMildbraed 8818 (BM,K); Littoral:
Abo. 4°11’N 9°45’E, 1874 (fr), Buchholz s.n. (HUH); 5km S of Nkongsamba, W slope of Mt. Nlonako. 4°55’N
ͻιͷǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͲͲǡ ͳ ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐȌǡ Beentje 1478 ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ǡ ϐ Ǥ Ͷιͷͷǯ
ͻιͷǯǤǣͳͶͲͲǡʹͷ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡBamps 1571 (BR); route Douala-Edea, près du km 28. 3°58’N
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͻιͷǯǡͳͺ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLetouzey 4017 (P); 8 km W. of Masok. 4°08’N 10°24’E. Alt: 400m, 27 March 1965
(st), Leeuwenberg 5228 (WAG); on Dicam trail from Bekob camp. 4°21.04’N 10°24.90’E. Alt: 910m, 10 March
ʹͲͲ ȋϐȌǡ Wieringa, J.J. 5888 (K,MO,WAG); Mt. Nlonako, near Nkongsamba. 4°55’N 9°57’E. Alt: 1400m, 3
December 1971 (st), Leeuwenberg 8795 (BR,K,WAG); Manengouba Mts., 4 km WNW of Nkongsamba. 4.58 N
9.53 E. 4°58’N 9°53’E. Alt: 1200m, 4 April 1972 (fr), Leeuwenberg 9548 (BR,FHI,HBG,K,LISC,MO,P,PRE,UPS,W
ǡȌǢ°ϐȋα ȌǦǡͳʹǤ͵ιͷͺǯͳͲι͵ǯǡ
ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡ Letouzey 11139 (BR,K,WAG); 8 KM Est de l’embourchure de la Sanaga (Sud de Ngola).
ͶιͶǯͳ͵ιͳͲǯǡͷ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡLetouzey 12568 (BR,K); South Province: Kribi. 2°57’N 9°54’E, 14 March
ͳͻʹͺȋϐȌǡHédin, L. 5ȋȌǢͶǤ͵ιͲͷǯͳͲι͵ʹǯǤǣͷͲͲǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡGemerden
19 (WAG); Ngongonjie hill, near Akonetye S of Ebolowa. 2°30’N 11°08’E. Alt: 730m, 16 January 1978 (fr),
Koufani 51 ȋȌǢ ϐǤ ͵ιͲͶǯ ͳͲιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker 367 (B,C,G,HUH,LD,LY,WAG); Efulen, Bule
ǤʹιͷͲǯͳͲι͵ͷǯǡ ͳͺͻͷȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 410 (E,G,K); Bitya, near the River Ja. 3°01’N 12°22’E,
(fr), Bates, G.L. 1741 (K); 31 km ESE of Kribi, 1 km N of Ndjantom. 2°49.3’N 10°09.6’E. Alt: 100m, 15 February
ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2221 (WAG); 2 km S of Kribi, Grand Batanga road. 2°55’N 9°54’E, (st), Bos, J.J. 2994
(WAG); Campo-Ma’an area, Mabiogo, Dipikar Island, along transect T1. 2°15.3’N 9°52.8’E. Alt: 20m, 18
ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 3051 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area, Massif des Mamelles.
ʹι͵ͶǤͲǯͻιͷǤͲǯǤǣʹͺͲǡʹ͵ʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡTchouto Mbatchou 3255 (KRIBI,SCA,WAG); Elephant Mont,
Ǥ ʹιͶͺǯ ͳͲιͲͳǯǤ ǣ ͳͺͲǡ ͳ ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐȌǡ Andel, T.R. van 3368
(KRIBI,WAG,YA); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (fr), Zenker 4177 (COI,E,G,K,LY,S,W); 7 km S. of Kribi,
±ǡǤǤʹιͷʹǯͻιͷͶǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 4227 (B,BAS,BR,K,LD,LMA,M,MO,P,P
RE,UPS,WAG,YA); 6 km E. of km 58 of road Edéa-Kribi, N. of road to Mboké. 3°20’N 10°12’E. Alt: 100m, 2 May
1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5683 (P,WAG); 26 km S. of Kribi, Campo road. 2°46’N 9°53’E, 21 August 1970 (st), Bos,
J.J. 7206ȋǡǡǡǡ ǡȌǢʹͺǤǡǤʹιͶǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡʹͳͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 7221
(AAU,BAS,BR,C,K,MA,MO,P,PRE,SRGH,WAG); Hill facing N’Kolandom. 2°48’N 11°10’E. Alt: 700m, 17 January
1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 7908 (WAG); collines à 5km au SW d’Ebionéméyong près Nyabessan (60 km à l’Est
ȌǤʹιʹͶǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͳͲͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLetouzey 9321 (P); Campo Ma’an area, Bifa, in the National
Ǥʹι͵ͻǤͷǯͳͲιͳǤͲǯǤǣͳʹͲǡͳʹ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou BIFAX 102 (WAG); South-West
ProvinceǣͶιͳ͵ǯͺιͷͻǯǡ ͳͺͻͳȋϐȌǡJungner, J.R. s.n. (UPS); near Baseng and Ngombombeng, north of
Nyassosso. 4°55’N 9°45’E. Alt: 600m, 14 May 1986 (fr), Etuge 128 (BR,MO); near Mbu-Bakundu village.
ͷιͲͳǯͻιͳͺǯǤǣͻͲͲǡͳʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡMambo 245 (MO,WAG); Bucas. 4°09’N 9°14’E. Alt: 914m,
ͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡMaitland, T.D. 298 (K); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small
ǤͶι͵ͲǤͶǯͻιʹʹǤͺʹǯǤǣͳ͵ͳǡʹʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1269 (LBV,WAG,YA); along path from
ǤͳǤͶιͲͷǯͻιͳͳǯǤǣͲǡ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡManning, S.D. 1275
(K,MO,WAG); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°31’N 9°23’E. Alt:
131m, 2 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1276 (LBV,WAG,YA); ancienne réserve du South Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du
ǤͶι͵ͲǤͻǯͻιʹ͵Ǥ͵ͷǯǤǣͳͲǡ͵ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1282 (LBV,WAG,YA); on
ȋαǤȌǤͶιͲͷǯͻιͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹͻ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡWieringa,
J.J. 2060 (BR,E,K,MO,SCA,WAG); Rumpi Hills near Dikome Balue. 4°54.05’N 9°16.20’E, 19 April 2009 (fr),
Dessein 2594ȋǡȌǢǤͶιͲͷǯͻιͲǯǤǣͷͲͲǡʹͻ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 2788
ȋǡǡȌǢǡǤͶιͲͶǤͲͲǯͻιͲǤͻͶǯǤǣͳͺʹǡʹͺʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡDessein 2834
ȋǡ ǡȌǢ Ǥ Ͷιͳͺǯ ͻιͲǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͲͲǡ ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 4456
ȋǡǡǡȌǢǤͷιͲͷǯͻιͶʹǯǤǣͳͲͲǡ͵ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 5332 (MO,P,WAG);
Ndian Div., Rumpi hills 3.5 km E of Dikome Balue on foot path to Ifanga Nalende. 4°54.6’N 9°17.2’E. Alt:
ͳͲͲǡͳͲ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡGereau 5656 (BR,MO,WAG); forest around Masaka-Batanga. 5°06’N 9°10’E.
ǣͷͲͲǡʹͶ ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 7733 (MO,WAG); Fontem. 5°28’N 9°53’E. Alt: 1000m, 1 March
ͳͻȋϐȌǡMeurillon CNAD 608ȋȌǢǤ ǤǤǯǤǡͶι͵Ͳǯͻι͵ͲǯǡͳͲͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡ
Ejiofor FHI 29339 (FHI,K); Bera. Northern Korup F. R. 5°19’N 8°58’E, 8 July 1951 (fr), Olorunfemi FHI 30676
ȋ
ǡȌǢǤǡǤǤǤͶιͳʹǯͻιͳͳǯǤǣͳͷͲǡʹ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡKeay FHI
37496ȋ
ǡǡȌǢǤǤ ȀǤ
ʹͻͲǤͶι͵͵ǯͻιʹǯǡͶͳͻͲȋϐȌǡAdebusuyi FHI 44010 (FHO); West Province: Bangwa Station. 5°12’N
ͳͲιʹͺǯǡ ͳͺͻͻȋϐȌǡConrau 68 (A,E,P); piste de Bandoumkassa à Balan. 12 km ESE of Bafang. 5°29’N
ͳͲιʹͶǯǤǣͳͳͷͲǡʹͶͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡLetouzey 13311 (K,WAG).
, Ǧ±±: Ndanka, gorilla study area Njéké stream from M5400
Ǥʹιʹ͵ǯͳιͳʹǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵ ͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡHarris, D.J. 126 (BR,E,MO,WAG); Kongana Camp,
ʹʹǤʹιͶǯͳιʹǯǡͳ͵ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡFangounda 525 (E,WAG); Dzanga-Sangha Reserve,
3
Ǥͳͺͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͺ
ǤʹιʹʹǯͳιͳͲǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ͵ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 1180 (E); 1 km E of
Ǥʹιͷ͵ǯͳιͲǯǡͷͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 2287 (K,MO); Dzangha saline, 11
km NE of Bayanga., 2°57’N 16°21’E, 27 October 1993 (st), Harris, D.J. 3619 (E); 25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana
ǤʹιͶǯͳιʹͷǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡHarris, D.J. 4618 (E,WAG); 25 km SE of Bayanga,
ǤʹιͶǯͳιʹͷǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 4703 (E,WAG); Kongana research
camp, 25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 5 June 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 5086 (E,WAG); Safari camp at the
Ǥʹιͷͻǯͳιͳ͵ǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 5790 (E,WAG); Kongana camp,
25 km SE of Bayanga. 2°48’N 16°25’E, 23 May 2001 (fr), Harris, D.J. 7812 (E).
ȋ Ȍ, CuvetteǣǤǤͲιͷͲǯͳͶιͶͷǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡDowsett-Lemaire 1604
ȋȌǢ ǤǤ ʹ Ǥ Ͳι͵ͷǯͳͶιͷ͵ǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡ Champluvier
5142ȋȌǢǤǤʹ ǤͲι͵ǯͳͶιͷͶǯǤǣͶͲͲǡʹͲ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡ
Champluvier 5143 (BR); Odzala N.P. environ 2 km SW du camp Mboko. 0°35’N 14°53’E, 20 December 1994
(fr), Champluvier 5144 (BR); Odzala N.P. environ 2 km SW du camp Mboko. 0°35’N 14°53’E, 27 December
ͳͻͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Champluvier 5194 (BR); Kouilou: Menengué, NE de Kayes. 4°26’S 11°41’E, 24 September 1990
ȋϐȌǡDowsett-Lemaire 1309ȋȌǢǤͶι͵ǯͳͳιͷͳǯǡͳͺͺͺȋϐȌǡThollon 1342 (P); ±:
Zanaga Project, Moussaou, en route to farms E of ridge. Plot 10. 2°53.27’S 13°36.64’E. Alt: 602m, 1 April
ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡCheek 14798 (IEC,K,P,WAG); : Chaillu, N. de Divenié. 2°41’S 12°05’E, December 1983 (st), Sita
5357 (BR,WAG); Poolǣ ǡ±ǡ±ϐǤ͵ιͶͶǯͳͶι͵ͳǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͺ
ȋϐȌǡSita 2673ȋ ȌǢ°ǤͶιͳǯͳͷιͳǯǡͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡKoechlin 5266 (P); Sangha:
Ǥ ʹιͲͻǤͳǯ ͳιͳͷǤʹͻǯǡ ʹ ʹͲͲ ȋϐȌǡ Harris, D.J. 9467 (E,IEC); 2.5 km NNE of Bomassa
Ǥʹιͳ͵ǤͻͶǯͳιͳʹǤʹʹǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡHarris, D.J. 9677 (E,IEC); 2.5 km NNE of Bomassa
village. 2°13.51’N 16°11.72’E. Alt: 350m, 22 March 2010 (fr), Harris, D.J. 9687 (E,IEC).
ȋ Ȍ, Bandunduǣ Ǥ ιͲǯ ͳͻιͲǯǡ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Sapin s.n. (BR); Lukombe.
4°16’S 18°22’E, October 1910 (fr), Sapin s.n.ȋȌǢǦǤͷιͳͻǯͳͺιͷǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡDevred
2143ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͻǯͳͺιͷǯǡͳͻͷͷȋϐǡȌǡDevred 2266 (BR,WAG); Luano. 4°07’S 18°18’E, 28
ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 2672 ȋǡǡȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιʹ͵ǯ ͳιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Gillet, J. 2747 (BR);
Kwango. 5°20’S 18°32’E, 25 February 1956 (fr), Devred 2820ȋǡȌǢǤ͵ιʹ͵ǯͳιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻͲʹȋϐȌǡ
Gillet, J. 2896 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ι͵ǯ ͳιͳǯǡ ͳͷ ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Callens 4306 (BR); Selenge. 1°58’S
ͳͺιͳͲǯǡ ͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡGoossens 4988 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E, (fr), Vanderyst 10488 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S
ͳͻι͵ǯǡͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡVanderyst 10765ȋȌǢ ǤͶιͲǯͳͻι͵ǯǡͳͻʹʹȋϐȌǡVanderyst
12122 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͶιͲǯ ͳͻι͵ǯǡ ͳͻʹʹ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 12126 (BR); Ipamu. 4°07’S 19°37’E,
September 1922 (st), Vanderyst 12166ȋȌǢ ǤͶιͲǯͳͻι͵ǯǡͳͻʹʹȋϐȌǡVanderyst 12199
ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͶιͲǯ ͳͻι͵ǯǡ ͳͻʹʹ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 12203 (BR); entre Panzi et Kipopo. 6°13’S
17°55’E, (fr), Vanderyst 14467 (BR); Bas-Congo: Kisantu. 5°08’S 15°06’E, 1908 (st), Gillet, J. s.n. (BR); Kisantu.
ͷιͲͺǯͳͷιͲǯǡͳͻͲͺȋϐȌǡGillet, J. s.n.ȋȌǢǤͶιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡHakanson s.n. (S); Luki, route de
Ǥ ͷι͵ͺǯ ͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ ͳͻ ͳͻͷʹ ȋϐȌǡ Hombert 37 (BR); Popokabaka. 5°43’S 15°58’E, 1 October
ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡPauwels 59ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǥͷι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡͻͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡToussaint, L. 504 (BR); Sanda. 5°39’S
ͳ͵ιʹǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Verschueren, R.C.M. 892 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷι͵ͻǯ ͳ͵ιʹǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ
Verschueren, R.C.M. 937 (BR); Sanda. 5°39’S 13°27’E, December 1913 (st), Verschueren, R.C.M. 945 (BR); Luki.
ͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡ͵ͲͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWagemans 1790 (BR); Luki, vallée de la N’Kaya. 5°23’S 12°57’E, 27
ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ Donis 2137 (BR); Luki. 5°38’S 13°04’E, 14 January 1949 (fr), Donis 2315 (BR); Luki.
5°38’S 13°04’E, 14 February 1947 (fr), Devred 3209ȋȌǢǤͷι͵ͻǯͳͷιͶͷǯǡ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡCallens 4757
ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͷͲǯ ͳιͲͲǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 15761 (BR); Equateur: Lac Tumba. 0°50’S 18°00’E, 1 October
ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Thonet 4 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ʹιͷ͵ǯ ʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Mortehan 36 (BR); Ikela. 1°11’S 23°16’E,
October 1910 (fr), Jespersen, K. 37ȋȌǢǤʹιʹǯʹʹιͲʹǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡVermoesen 51 (BR);
Bokondji. 0°43’S 21°26’E, 2 June 1959 (fr), Wanckel de 82 (BR); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E, November 1913
ȋϐȌǡMortehan 82ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻͲ͵ȋϐȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 92 (BR); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E,
ͳͻͳ͵ȋϐȌǡReygaert 99 (BR); Yambata. 2°26’N 22°02’E, 2 December 1913 (fr), Montchal 124 (BR);
ǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιʹͲǯǡ͵ͳͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡNannan 138 (BR); Mongende near Dumdusana (Mongala), 430
Ǥʹιͷǯʹʹι͵ǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡThonner 180 (BR,K,W); Mabali, Lac Tumba. 0°53’S
18°07’E. Alt: 350m, 15 September 1955 (st), Deuse 407 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͵ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ
Pynaert 496ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻʹͷȋϐȌǡRobyns, FHEAW 573 (BR,K); Dundusana. 2°53’N 22°23’E,
ͳͻͳ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Mortehan 672 (BR); Lusangania. 0°04’N 19°21’E, June 1934 (fr), Dubois, L. 803 (BR);
ͲιͲͷǯͳͺιͳǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 809ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡLaurent, M.D.J.
891ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡPynaert 947 (BR); Bokote. 0°06’S 20°08’E, 1943 (st),
3.7 Materials and Methods
Hulstaert 1221ȋȌǢǯǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡLebrun 1231 (BR); Eala. 0°03’N
ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Pynaert 1238 ȋȌǢ ͲιͲ͵ǯ ͳͺιͳͻǯǡ ͳͲ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Laurent, M.D.J. 1462
ȋǡȌǢǤͲιͶͷǯͳͺιͲǯǡ ͳͻʹͲȋϐȌǡGoossens 1598 (BR); environ de Bikoro. 0°45’S
ͳͺιͲǯǡ ͳͻʹͲȋϐȌǡGoossens 2311ȋȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡEvrard, C.M.
3734 (BR); route Itipo-Iboko. 0°50’S 18°35’E, 28 March 1958 (fr), Evrard, C.M. 3819 (BR); Budjala. 2°39’N
19°42’E, March 1924 (fr), Goossens 4340ȋǡȌǢǤͲιͲ͵ǯͳͺιͳͻǯǡʹͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡLaurent,
M.D.J. 4891 (BR,K); Kasai-OccidentalǣǤͶιͷͳǯʹͳιͷͷǯǡͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡGillardin 297 (BR,K);
Ǥ ͷιͷͶǯ ʹʹιʹͷǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻ͵Ͳ ȋϐȌǡ Vanderyst 24079 (BR); Luluabourg. 5°54’S 22°25’E, 21 July
ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡVanderyst 24141ȋȌǢǤͷιͷͶǯʹʹιʹͷǯǡʹͳ ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡVanderyst 24142 (BR); KasaiOrientalǣǦǤ͵ιʹͷǯʹͶιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻͳͲȋϐȌǡClaessens 396 (BR); Entre Katoke-Kombe et Lodja.
͵ιʹǯ ʹͶιͲͲǯǡ ͳͻ͵ʹ ȋϐȌǡ Lebrun 6188 (K,WAG); Katanga (Shaba): Kapanga. 8°21’S 22°34’E,
ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡOverlaet 857ȋȌǢȋȌǤιͲͷǯʹͶι͵Ͷǯǡͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡQuarré, P. 2807
ȋǡ ȌǢ±ǤͳͲιͶǤͶǯʹͷιͳͺǤͺǯǤǣͳͶʹͷǡͳͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡSchaijes 2900 (BR); 60 Km NO
ǤͳͲιʹ͵ǯʹͷιͲͺǯǡʹͷͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡSchmitz, A. 3016 (BR); région du Slaba. 10°47.0’S 25°18.7’E,
ͳͲͳͻͺȋϐȌǡSchaijes 3025ȋȌǢ ȋȌǤͺιͷͷǯʹι͵ͷǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡ
Witte, G.F. de 4026 (BR,WAG,Z); Kabelenge, 12 km de Sandoa vers Dilolo. 9°46’S 22°50’E, 7 November 1962
(fr), Schmitz, A. 8023 (BR); Kinshasaǣ ȋȌǤͶιʹǯͳͷι͵ͳǯǡͻ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡPauwels
4916 (WAG); Maniema: route Lubutu Km 45. 0°44’S 26°35’E, 15 June 1981 (fr), Ndjele 278 (BR); route Lubutu
ͶͶǤ ͲιͶͶǯ ʹι͵ͷǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Ndjele 445 ȋȌǢ ͶͶǤ ͲιͶͶǯ ʹι͵ͷǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Ndjele 446 (BR);
Walikale-Lubutu. 0°44’S 26°35’E, 12 January 1915 (fr), Bequaert 6589 (BR); Ǧ: Mt Hongo, 15 km
Ǥͳιʹ͵ǯʹͻιͶǯǤǣͳͷͲͲǡʹ͵ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLinder, D.H. 3528 (K); Kikomero,
ǤͳιʹǯʹͻιʹͲǯǡȋϐȌǡLebrun 8491 (BR); Orientale: Yambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, 3 March
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡLaurent, É. s.n.ȋȌǢʹͲͲǤͳιʹ͵ǯʹͺι͵ǯǡͳͻ͵ͷȋϐȌǡPutman 13 (BR);
Ǥ ͳι͵͵ǯ ʹͺι͵ʹǯǡ ͳʹ ͳͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Amsini 24 (BR,K,WAG); station d’Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E, 4
ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡHart, T.B. 25 (BR); Amamambamanba (Kibila), zone de Mambasa (Ituri Forest), Epulu. 1°25’N
ʹͺι͵ͷǯǤǣͷͲǡʹͶͳͻͻȋϐȌǡAmsini 52ȋȌǢǤͳιͳǯʹͶι͵͵ǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡSolheid 62
ȋȌǢǤͳιͳǯʹͶι͵͵ǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡSolheid 72ȋȌǢǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡ
Léonard, A. 113ȋǡ ȌǢȋȌǤͳι͵͵ǯʹͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͺͲͲǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLiengola 133
ȋ ȌǢ ȋȌǤ ͳι͵͵ǯ ʹͺι͵ʹǯǤ ǣ ͺͲͲǡ ͳʹ ͳͻͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Liengola 216 (WAG); Lenda.
1°24’N 28°34’E. Alt: 750m, 25 January 2001 (fr), Mokbondo 380 (BR,MO,WAG); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E. Alt:
ͷͲǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡHart, T.B. 472 (BR); Yangambi, Km 6 route de Ngazi. 0°48’N 24°28’E. Alt: 470m, 28
ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 488ȋȌǢǤ͵ιʹͺǯʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡGérard, P. 550
ȋȌǢȋȌǤͳι͵͵ǯʹͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͺͲͲǡʹͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡEwango 574 (BR,WAG); Nala.
ʹιͷʹǯ ʹι͵ͺǯǡ ͳͻͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Seret 749 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͶιͲǯ ʹʹιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͶ ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Dewulf 817 (BR);
ǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 902 (K,WAG); Jambuya. 1°16’N 24°33’E, 8 March 1906
ȋϐȌǡLaurent, M.D.J. 949ȋȌǢ ǤͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 1030 (BR,WAG);
ȋ± ȌǤ ʹιͶ͵ǯ ʹͻιͲ͵ǯǡ ͳͻʹͳ ȋϐȌǡ Claessens 1062 (BR); Yangambi, plateau de la
Lusambila à 8 km au N. de Yaosuka. 0°49’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 26 January 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 1124 (BR,K);
Yangambi, Km 6. 0°48’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 26 January 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 1147 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N
ʹͷιͶ͵ǯǡ ͳͻ͵Ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Brédo, HJAER 1196 ȋȌǢ ϐ Dzdz ǤǤ Ǥ ͲιͶǯ
24°27’E, 16 February 1936 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 1272 (BR,EA); Yangambi, Km 7. 0°48’N 24°27’E. Alt: 470m, 26
ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1387 (BR); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 20 May 1954 (st), Gérard, P. 1423 (BR);
ͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǡͺͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 1614 (B,BM,BR,C,EA,K); Bambesa. 3°28’N 25°43’E, 26 April 1955
(fr), Gérard, P. 1816 (BR); Avakubi. 1°20’N 27°35’E, 16 January 1914 (fr), Bequaert 1991 (BR); Bengamisa, Km
ʹǤͲιͷǯʹͷιͲͻǯǡʹ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2364 (BR); Epulu ( Penghe). 1°20’N 28°09’E, 21 February
ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡBequaert 2601ȋȌǢǤ͵ιʹͳǯʹιͲͷǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡLebrun 3067 (K,WAG);
ǡͺǤǤͲιͶͻǯʹͶιʹǯǡʹͷ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P.
3341 (BR,K,P); 3°28’N 25°43’E, 2 May 1958 (fr), Gérard, P. 3858 (WAG); Yangambi, Km 8.4. 0°48’N 24°27’E. Alt:
ͶͲǡͳͶ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 4152 (BR); Basse Lilanda, 20 km W de Yangambi. 0°52’N 24°16’E. Alt:
ͶͲǡͳͷ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 7019 (BR); Ligasa. 0°42’N 23°50’E, 6 November 1953 (st), Germain,
R.G.A. 8453 (BR); 0°45’N 24°31’E, 6 May 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P. 9257 (BR,EA); 0°46’N 24°27’E, 10 May 1938
(fr), Louis, J.L.P. 9301 (C); Yalibwa, 22km au N de Yangambi. 0°56’N 24°30’E, 16 June 1938 (st), Louis, J.L.P.
10004ȋǡȌǢʹͲǤǤͲιͷǯʹͶιͳͺǯǤǣͶͲǡͳͶͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 10803 (BR);
ǡʹͲǤͲιͷͲǯʹͶιͳǯǡʹ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 12070 (BR,K,P); entre
Ngazi et l’Aruwimi. 1°10’N 24°29’E. Alt: 470m, 31 October 1938 (fr), Louis, J.L.P. 12222 (BR); Yalibwa, 22 km
3
Ǥͳͺ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͺͺ
Ǥ ǤͲιͷǯʹͶι͵ͲǯǤǣͶͲǡ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13255 (BR); Yangambi.
ͲιͶǯʹͶιʹǯǤǣͶͲǡͳͲ ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡLouis, J.L.P. 13651 (BR); Lodjo Camp. pt 095 to 096. 2°02.89’N
29°59.45’E, 28 October 2010 (st), Luke 14750ȋǡǡǡȌǢǤ͵ιͲǯʹιͶͲǯǡͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡClaessens
A 459 (BR); Sud-KivuǣǤʹιͶʹǯʹιͷǯǡͻͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡLéonard, A. 3775 (BR,K); Kalehe, route
ǦǡͳͳͲǡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǡʹͳ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡTroupin 12544 (BR); Kalehe, route
ǦǡͳͳͲǡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǡͷͳͻͲȋϐȌǡTroupin 12609 (BR); Kalehe, route
ǦǡͳͳͲǡ Ǥͳιͷ͵ǯʹͺιʹǯǡͳͻͳͻͲȋϐȌǡTroupin 12646 (BR).
, Bioco (Fernando Poo)ǣ Ǥ ͵ιʹͳǯ ͺιͶͲǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Lope del Val 247 (MA); Bioko.
͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡȋϐȌǡLope del Val 248ȋȌǢǤ͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡȋϐȌǡLope del Val 249 (MA); Bioko. 3°21’N
ͺιͶͲǯǡȋϐȌǡLope del Val 250ȋȌǢ Ǥ͵ι͵ͲǯͺιͶʹǯǤǣͳͷʹͶǡͳͺͲȋϐȌǡMann, G. 568
ȋǡȌǢǡǤ͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡʹͷͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡLope del Val 603 (MA); Pico de Clarence (Sta Iravel).
͵ιʹͳǯͺιͶͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡGuinea 2602 (MA); carretera del pico Basilé, km 4-5. 3°41’N 8°52’E.
ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ʹͷ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Carvalho, M.F. de 4572 (K,MA,WAG); Rio Muni: West-Afrika: SpanischǢȋϐȌǡTessmann 677 (K); Rio Muni, Centro Sur: SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du
site de traversée du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.13’N 10°04.69’E. Alt: 440m, 12 February 2002
(st), Senterre 2278 (BRLU); Parc National de Monte Alen, à 8.5 km à l’Est de la cabana de Mosumo. 1°36.55’N
10°07.19’E. Alt: 940m, 4 July 2003 (fr), Senterre 3999 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Sanje, river Benito. 1°35’N
ͻιͷͲǯǡͶͳͺͻȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 569ȋǡȌǢǦǣͶͲ
ÀǤͳιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲͳǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 5551 (MA,WAG); Bata-Mbini: Estrada Km 27.
Ǥ ×Ǥͳι͵ͺǤͷǯͻιͶǤͳǯǡʹͳͻͻȋȌǡCarvalho,
M.F. de 6062 (MA); Estuaire, village Mayang au bord de la rivière Mitong. 1°10’N 9°56’E, 14 September 1997
ȋϐȌǡLisowski 794ȋȌǢǡ°ǯǤͳιͳǯͻιʹͷǯǡͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLisowski 1128
(BRLU); ǡ : Inselberg de Piedra Nzas. 1°27’N 11°02’E. Alt: 725m, 27 May 1999 (st),
Parmentier 396 (BRLU); inselberg de Piedra Nzas, à 6 h de marche du village d’Acoaseng, à 9 km d’Aconibe, ou
de celui de Afaanam, à 5 km d’Aconibe. 1°27’N 11°02’E. Alt: 640m, 27 May 1999 (st), Parmentier 397 (BRLU).
, EstuaireǣǤͲιʹǯͻιʹͺǯǡͳͺͻͷȋϐȌǡLe Roy s.n. (P); environs de Libreville 0°25’N 9°27’E,
ͳͺͻͷȋϐǡȌǡKlaine 48 (P); Libreville. Parcelle 1: Arboretum de Sibang. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 50m, 17 November
1999 (st), Simons, E.L.A.N. 54 ȋȌǢ ±±Ǥ Ͳιʹǯ ͻιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Thollon 161 (P); forêt classée de la
ǣ ʹǤͲι͵ͶǯͻιʹͲǯǡͳ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 285 (LBV,WAG); Como river, 60 mi
ǤͲιͳǯͳͲι͵Ͷǯǡ ͳͺͻȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 504 (G,K); Mfoa, 85 mi. E. of Gaboon. 0°24’N 10°18’E,
September 1896 (st), Bates, G.L. 506 (BM,K); Mondah forest, parcelle des conservateurs. 0°35’N 9°20’E, 10
ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 827 (LBV,WAG); near Cap Esterias, ± 28 km N.W. of Libreville. 0°36’N 9°20’E.
Alt: 5m, 20 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 838 (WAG); route Malibé à 2,5 km de la route goudronnée. 0°32’N
9°23’E, 8 January 2004 (fr), Bourobou 1030 (LBV,WAG); Près de Mviadi. Chantier SOFOR. 0°36’N 10°00’E, 23
ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡFloret 1406ȋǡ ȌǢ±ǦǤͲι͵ǯͻιʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M.
1833ȋǡǡǡǡ ȌǢǦǡǤͲι͵ͷǤǯͻιʹͷǤǯǤǣͳǡͳͻͺȋϐȌǡ
Louis, A.M. 2622 (LBV,WAG); Monts de Cristal, chutes Kinguélé. 0°27’N 10°17’E, 21 January 1968 (st), Hallé, N.
4658 (P); 8 km E of Libreville, Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 20m, 8 November 1988 (fr), Maesen,
L.J.G. van der 5379 (LBV,WAG); 8 km E of Libreville, Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 20m, 8 November
ͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van der 5386 (WAG); 8 km E of Libreville, Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E. Alt: 20m,
ͻͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡMaesen, L.J.G. van der 5413 (WAG); Cap Estérias. 0°36’N 9°20’E, 22 February 1968 (st),
Hallé, N. 5435 (P); Road to Cap Esterias 2 km N. of Santa Clara offroad. 0°33’N 9°22’E. Alt: 10m, 12 November
1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5448 (WAG); Cap Estérias. 0°36’N 9°20’E, 24 February 1968 (st), Hallé, N.
5522ȋȌǢǡǤͲιʹͻǯͻιʹͺǯǤǣͳǡͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 7770 (WAG); 10
ǤǤͲιͳͷǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 8290 (WAG); Barrage de Kinguélé, downstream
of the hydroelectric power station. 0°28’N 10°17’E. Alt: 100m, 19 November 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8830
(BR,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Barrage de Kinguélé, downstream of the hydroelectric power station. 0°26’N
ͳͲιͳǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹͲͳͻͺȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 8861 (WAG); Sibang Arboretum. 0°25’N 9°29’E.
Alt: 30m, 2 December 2001 (fr), Breteler 15804 (MO,WAG); Ǧ±ǣ Ǥͳι͵ͺǯͳ͵ι͵ͷǯǡȋϐȌǡ
Thollon 518 (P); Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Savane du Nord-Est du Bai Jobo. Canopé très haute. 2°12’S
13°52’E, 7 June 2005 (st), Niangadouma 569 (MO); Batéké Plateau National Park, Bai Djobo. 2°13.3’S
13°50.5’E. Alt: 450m, 8 September 2006 (fr), Nguema Ekomo 760 (LBV,WAG); Batéké Plateau National Park,
Bai Djobo. 2°13.4’S 13°54.0’E. Alt: 400m, 11 September 2006 (fr), Nguema Ekomo 800 (LBV); 30 km route
Ǥ ͳιͶͷǯ ͳ͵ιͲͷǯǡ ͵ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 6757 (P,WAG); near Okondja. 0°37’S
13°31’E, 29 September 1997 (st), Breteler 14114 (WAG); Ǧ±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de
3.7 Materials and Methods
±±ǡ ° ° ±Ǥ ͲιͶͶǤͶ͵ǯ ͳͲι͵͵ǤǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͲǡ ͻ ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐȌǡ Bidault 714
(LBV,MO); Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivière Ngounié. 0°43.70’S 10°33.63’E.
ǣʹͶǡͳͳ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡBidault 752 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); zone de Mabounié,à environ 45 km au sud±±ǡ±ǤͲιͶͶǤͳͺǯͳͲι͵͵ǤͷͷǯǤǣǡʹͺ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡDauby 2994
ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ±Ǥ ͲιͶͷǤʹʹǯ ͳͲι͵ʹǤ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͵ͷǡ ͳͲ ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐȌǡ Sonké 5939 (MO);
ǡͳͲǦʹͲ±ǤͲιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳͶͳͻͻͳȋϐǡȌǡBreteler 10467 (WAG); 10 km
±ǤͲιͲͶǯͳͲιͶǯǤǣͳͷͲǡʹͷͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡBreteler 13004 (MO,WAG); ±: St
Ǥ ͳιͶͳǯ ͳͲιͷǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͺ ȋϐȌǡ Walker, A.A. s.n. (P); Waka forest exploitation road. 1°18’S
10°57’E. Alt: 380m, 24 November 1984 (fr), Arends 436 (WAG); Waka River. 1°13’S 10°52’E. Alt: 330m, 25
ͳͻͺͶ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Arends 443 (WAG); 45 km along the road M’Bigou-Lebamba. 2°03’S 11°38’E. Alt:
ͷͶͲǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Wilde (WALK-B) 574 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); Massif du Chaillu, near Guévedé
village, ± 40 km N. of Lébamba. 1°55’S 11°25’E. Alt: 350m, 30 November 1983 (fr), Louis, A.M. 1065 (MA,WAG);
20 km de Fougamou. 1°21.77’S 10°37.75’E. Alt: 93m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1416 (LBV,WAG); 20 km de
Fougamou. 1°21.77’S 10°37.75’E. Alt: 93m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1417 (LBV,WAG); 23 km de
Fougamou. 1°22.46’S 10°37.13’E. Alt: 100m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1420 (LBV,WAG); 23 km de
Fougamou. 1°22.46’S 10°37.13’E. Alt: 100m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1422 (LBV,WAG); 23 km de
Fougamou. 1°22.46’S 10°37.13’E. Alt: 100m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1424 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village
Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD. 0°55.47’S 10°33.05’E. Alt: 104m, 23 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou
1444 (LBV,WAG); Fougamou, village Nzemba route du chantier forestier EGBD, entrée école. 1°03.06’S
10°30.37’E. Alt: 97m, 24 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1449 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°33.80’S
10°42.33’E. Alt: 83m, 25 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1466 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°32.59’S
10°45.68’E. Alt: 113m, 25 June 2011 (fr), Bissiengou 1467 (LBV,WAG); 45 km de Fougamou. 1°33.07’S
10°44.33’E. Alt: 115m, 25 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1474 (LBV,WAG); Bouvala hills. Lower slope. 1°37.7’S
11°45.1’E. Alt: 800m, 7 October 2007 (fr), Leal, M.E. 1919 (LBV,MO,WAG); E of Waka National Park, along the
ǤͳιͲͻǤͷǯͳͳιͳͻǤͻǯǤǣͺ͵Ͳǡʹ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡSosef
2572 (LBV,MO,WAG); Forêt sur la rive gauche (sud) de l’Ikoy, à environ 10 km de l’embouchure avec la
Ngounié. 0°48.93’S 10°37.37’E. Alt: 108m, 26 October 2012 (fr), Dauby 2941 (LBV); 13½ km on the road
Moukabou to Mbigou. 1°40.36’S 11°45.19’E. Alt: 840m, 13 March 2013 (fr), Wieringa, J.J. 7394 (WAG); c. 40
ǤͳιͶͷǯͳͳιʹͳǯǤǣͶͲͲǡʹ͵ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 8149 (WAG); c. 5 km on road
from Yombi to Mandji. 1°25’S 10°35’E, 17 September 1997 (st), Breteler 13946 (MO,WAG); : village
Dougni, 7 km de Malounga 1. 3°06.8’S 10°41.5’E, 22 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 441 (LBV,WAG); village Tchi
Gay May, 62 km de Tchibanga. 3°06.8’S 10°41.5’E, 23 October 2009 (st), Bissiengou 476 (LBV,WAG); on a road
to the South from Moignigni village (on road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°16.5’S 11°09.0’E. Alt: 275m, 26
ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bissiengou 547 (LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road
ǦȌǤ͵ιͳǤͷǯͳͳιͲͻǤͲǯǤǣʹͷǡʹ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 556 (LBV,WAG);
on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°15.4’S 11°07.9’E. Alt:
ʹͷǡʹ ʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 563 (LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on
road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°15.4’S 11°07.9’E. Alt: 256m, 26 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 564
(LBV,WAG); on a road to the South from Moignigni village (on road Tchibanga-Moulengui Binza). 3°15.4’S
11°07.9’E. Alt: 256m, 26 October 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 566 (LBV,WAG); 14 km de Ndendé (route NdendeȌǤʹιͳǤͲǯͳͳιͳǤͳǯǤǣͳͳǡʹ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 583 (LBV,WAG); 14 km de Ndendé
ȋǦȌǤʹιͳǤͲǯͳͳιͳǤͳǯǤǣͳͳǡʹ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 584 (LBV,WAG); 14
±ȋǦȌǤʹιͳǤͲǯͳͳιͳǤͳǯǤǣͳͳǡʹ ʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 585
ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡ Ǥ ʹιͷͷǯ ͳͲι͵Ͳǯǡ ͳͻͲͺ ȋϐȌǡ Le Testu 1401 (BM,P);
ǡ Ǥ ʹι͵ͺǤͻͷǯ ͳͲι͵ͲǤǯǤ ǣ ͵ͶͲǡ ʹ͵ ʹͲͲ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Valkenburg 2597
(BR,K,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±Ǧ ǣǤͲι͵ͳǯͳͳιͷͷǯǡ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡDibata 115
(MO,WAG); Bélinga, mines de fer, route du pt. B3. 1°06’N 13°12’E, 25 July 1966 (st), Hallé; Le Thomas 150 (P);
±ǤͲιͳͷǯͳͳι͵ͲǯǡͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡWilliamson, E.A. 201 (K); Chantier Lutexfo, Offoué. 0°12’S 11°53’E, 13
July 1987 (st), Dibata 213 (MO,WAG); near Nvadin, at the other side of the river Ivindo. 0°30’N 12°45’E, 2
ͳͻͺͲȋϐȌǡHijman 375ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ǤͲιͲǯͳͳιͶǯǡͳͲͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M.
571 ȋ ȌǢ ǡ Ǥ ͳιͲǯ ͳ͵ιͲǯǤ ǣ ͶͲǡ ͳͶ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler;
Wilde 607 (C,K,WAG); route Lopé-Mikongo, après carrefour vers Gongué (village PK0). 0°27’S 11°52’E. Alt:
280m, 5 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1029ȋǡ ȌǢǦ ±ǡ ±
mène à Booué. 0°07.56’S 11°46.63’E. Alt: 211m, 6 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1045 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga,
͵Ͷ°±ǤͶ ° ǤͲιͷͺǤͲǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͷǯǤǣͺͷͳǡͳͳ
3
Ǥͳͺͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͻͲ
ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1143 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 9 km après entrée Belinga- Mayibout. 1°02.15’N
ͳ͵ιͳͳǤͶǯǤǣͺͲǡͳʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1158 (LBV,WAG); route Belinga, 14 km après entrée
ǦǤͳιͲʹǤͻͳǯͳ͵ιͳʹǤͳͲǯǤǣͺͻͶǡͳʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1164 (LBV,WAG); route
ǡ ͳͶ ° ± ǦǤ ͳιͲ͵ǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤ ǣ ͺͻͶǡ ͳʹ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou
1166 ȋǡ ȌǢ ± ǦǤ ǯ± °
ǯ Ǥ ͳιͲ͵Ǥ͵Ͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǤͲͻǯǤ ǣ ͻͺͳǡ ͳʹ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Bissiengou 1176 (LBV,WAG); Mt.
ǡ ǤͲιͶͻǤͷǯͳ͵ιʹǤǯǤǣͶͺͺǡͳͶʹͲͲ͵ȋϐǡȌǡ
Ngok Banak 1733 (LBV,WAG); Mt. Sassamongo, rocky plateau W of Sassamongo village. 0°49.70’N 13°27.52’E.
ǣͶͺǡͳʹͲͲ͵ȋϐǡȌǡNgok Banak 1800ȋǡ ȌǢȋȌǤͲιͲͳǯ
ͳͳιͶͻǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐǡȌǡFloret 1819 (MA,P,WAG); Babièl-Nord, eastern escarpment, 4 km from camp
±ǤͳιͲǯͳ͵ιͳͲǯǤǣͻͲͲǡ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M. 2324 (BR,E,K,MO,WAG); 11 km E of Batouala.
0°49’N 13°29’E, 15 October 1964 (st), Hallé, N. 2631 (P); Lopé Reserve. Chantier SOFORGA. 0°30’S 11°33’E, 29
November 1986 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 2654 (WAG); Bélinga. 1°05’N 13°08’E. Alt: 950m, 29 October 1964 (st),
Hallé, N. 2899ȋȌǢʹͲǤͲιͳͻǯͳͳιͷǯǡͳͺͳͻͺȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 3448 (WAG);
Ivindo National Park. 3 km W of Langoué Bai at WCS camp. Savanna-edge habitat. 0°10.92’S 12°32.70’E, 26
ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡStone, J.R. 3496 (LBV,MO,WAG); Ivindo National Park. 3 km W of Langoué Bai at WCS
Ǥ ͲιͳͲǤͻʹǯ ͳʹι͵ʹǤͲǯǡ ʹ ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Stone, J.R. 3497 (LBV,MO,WAG); 3 km NW of Ikeiǡ ± Ǥ ͲιͷǤͷǯ ͳ͵ιͶͳǤͶǯǤ ǣ ͺͺͲǡ ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Wieringa, J.J. 3988
ȋǡǡ ȌǢͷǤ±ǤͲιͳʹǯͳͳιͷ͵ǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹ͵ͳͻͺͺȋϐǡȌǡBreteler 8908
(MA,WAG); 18 km along the governmental road Lopé to Ayem and then c 89 km along a forest exploitation
track in S direction. 0°40’S 11°33’E. Alt: 360m, 27 November 1995 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 11472
(BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Station de la Makandé, Layon 12, 0°41’S 11°54’E, 26 July 1993 (st), Lejoly 93/ 294
(BRLU); ±Ǧ: Milolé, route première zone d’exploitation de CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009
ȋϐȌǡBissiengou 845ȋǡ ȌǢ±ǤͲιͳͺǯͳʹιͶͲǯǤǣͶͷǡͳʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou
883ȋǡ ȌǢʹǤͲιͶͶǤͷǯͳ͵ιͲͳǤͳǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹͻ ʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡ
Sosef 2068ȋǡ ȌǢͳ͵ ϐ ǦǢͲιͷͲǯͳͳιͷͺǯǡʹͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡWilks 2710
(MO,WAG); sur sommet Mont Iboundji, piste vers chûtes Moughoungoulou, ± 10 km. 1°10’S 11°49’E. Alt:
ͺͷͲǡ ͳ ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐȌǡ Louis, A.M. 2790 (LBV,WAG); Chantier SFM. 10 km E off main road, 51 km
Lastoursville to Moanda. 1°10’S 13°00’E, 28 November 1988 (fr), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5903 (WAG); region de
Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E, March 1929 (st), Le Testu 7095 (BM,P); region de Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E,
April 1929 (st), Le Testu 7146 (BM,P); 55km E of Lastoursville. 0°50’S 13°15’E, 22 November 1993 (fr),
Breteler 12257 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); 70km E of Lastoursville, E of Ndambi. 0°47’S 13°22’E, 27 November 1993
(fr), Breteler 12381 (BM,BR,BRLU,C,G,K,LBV,MA,MO,P,PRE,WAG); ±Ǧ: Rabi-Kounga, Rabi, next
Ǥͳιͷǯͻιͷ͵ǯǤǣ͵ͲǡʹͳͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 1621 (WAG); Rabi-Shell concession,
ϐǤͳιͷͺǤͻǯͻιͷͳǤͳǯǤǣͳͲǡʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡDauby 2197 (BRLU,LBV,MO); 15
km NW of Shell oil exploitation Rabi. 1°50’S 9°46’E. Alt: 25m, 23 November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9685
(WAG); 35 km S of Rabi. Along the Echira river. 2°05’S 9°51’E. Alt: 13m, 27 November 1989 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E.
de 9785ȋǡǡ ȌǢǡȀ ǡϐǡǤͳιͷǯͻιͷʹǯǤǣͻͲǡʹ͵ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 10919 (LBV,MO,WAG); Ǧǣ ǡ Ǥ
ͲιͶ͵Ǥͺǯ ͳͳι͵ʹǤͳǯǤ ǣ ͷͲͺǡ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 697 (LBV,WAG); 13 km SE of Mitzic,
ǡ ǤͲιͶʹǤͳǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͺǯǤ
Alt: 490m, 7 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 728 (LBV,WAG); chantier Rougier-Océan, Oveng. 0°52’N 11°10’E,
ͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡReitsma, J.M. 875 (WAG); concession Rougier du Haut-Abanga, Sud-Est de Mikongo, partie
±ǤͲιʹǤʹǯͳͳιͳ͵ǤͷǯǤǣͻͷ͵ǡͳͺ ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡDauby 1076 (BRLU,LBV,MO); RN
ʹǡ ǡ Ǧ ǤͲιͶʹǤͺǯͳͳι͵ͺǤͻǯǤǣͷͲ͵ǡ͵Ͳ ʹͲͳͳȋϐȌǡMaas, P.J.M. 10051
(LBV,WAG); Minkébé area, 10 x 10 m inventory plot S, placed 2-12 m north at 360-370 m on transect A. 1°30’N
12°48’E, 14 March 1990 (st), Minkébé Series S 171 (WAG); Minkébé area, near plot R. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 April
ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series W 95 (WAG).
, Ashanti Region: Pompo head Waters Reserve. 6°15’N 1°34’W, May 1931 (fr), Jackson, S.T. 2251
(BR,FHO); Western Regionǣ Ǥ ιͳͶǯ ʹιͶͶǯǡ ͳͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ McAinsh 16 (FHO); Subiri F.R
ȋȌǤͷιͲͻǯͳιͷͶǯǡͳͻͷͳȋϐǡȌǡAndoh 5574 (K); Bonsa Su. 5°12’N 2°02’W. Alt: 46m, May
ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡVigne FH 1980 (EA,FHO); Krokosua Hills F.R. 6°29’N 2°48’W, 18 May 1972 (fr), Hall, J.B. GC 43309
(K).
, Kindia: Friguiagbé. 9°57’N 12°56’W, 30 July 1939 (st), Chillou 1640 (BR,P); environ de Benty. 9°10’N
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡ ͳͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Jacques-Félix 1710 (P); Basse-Guinée, région de Forécariah. 9°26’N 13°06’W, May
1950 (st), Schnell 5503ȋȌǢǤͻιͶǯͳ͵ιʹǯǡ͵ͲͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡRoberty 17685 (G); ±±±:
Ǥͺι͵͵ǯͻιʹͺǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 3528 (P); Mt. Nimba. 7°41’N 8°19’W, 30 April 1949
(fr), Adam, J.-.G. 4881 (K,P,SERG,WAG); Nimba Mountains, Zié River valley. 7°40.5’N 8°22.4’W. Alt: 1230m, 3
ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 7454 (FHO,P,WAG); Nimba, village Nzo-Miwula. 7°40’N 8°19’W, 11 May 1973
ȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 27520 (BR,WAG); Nimba mountains, plot WHSL20 close to the road uphill from main SMFG
camp. 7°41.50’N 8°23.35’W. Alt: 855m, 1 July 2008 (fr), Nimba Botanic Team WD 22 (WAG); Nimba mountains,
plot WHSL29, near pumping station. 7°40.37’N 8°22.42’W. Alt: 1310m, 13 July 2008 (fr), Nimba Botanic Team
WE 573 (WAG).
Ǧ , Bijagósǣ ǡǤͳͳιͶǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo
2222 (COI,WAG); Tombaliǣ ǤͳͳιͲͺǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡͳͻ͵͵ȋϐǡȌǡEspirito Santo 627 (COI); environs
ǤͳͳιͳͲǯͳͷιͲͺǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͷȋϐǡȌǡMalaisse 14706 (BR).
IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ ǡǤͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǤǣͷͲǡʹͶ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡ
Koning, J. de 97ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹͲͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡMartineau 236 (B); Forêt du Anguédédou.
ͷιʹͶǯͶιͲǯǡʹͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡThijssen, M.T. 260 (MO,WAG); Banco. 5°23’N 4°03’W, 16 October 1930
(fr), Martineau 282 (A); Forêt du Banco. 5°24.50’N 4°04.00’W, 28 November 1978 (fr), Knecht 465 (G); Banco
Forest Reserve. 5°25’N 4°03’W, 21 December 1972 (fr), Koning, J. de 980 (MO,WAG); near river, in centre of
Ǥ ǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡKoning, J. de 1141 (BR,MO,WAG);
ǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹʹ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 1153 (BR,E,G,MA,MO,WAG); in the
Ǧ ǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 1178 (BR,E,MO,WAG);
ǡǦǤͷιʹͷǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de
1188 ȋǡǡ ǡǡǡ ȌǢ ǡ Ǥ ͷιʹ͵ǯ ͶιͲ͵ǯǡ ʹͶ ͳͻ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Koning, J. de 1534 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); Abidjan, in southern part of Banco Forest Reserve. 5°22’N 4°03’W,
13 June 1973 (fr), Koning, J. de 1790 (WAG); Banco Forest Reserve, north of Arboretum. 5°24’N 4°03’W, 17
ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 2748 (BR,E,G,MA,MO,WAG); Banco Forest Reserve. Route de la Montagne,
ǤͷιʹʹǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 3448 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); Banco
Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͶ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 4966 (BR,C,E,EA,FR,G,IAGB,K,MA,MO,P,P
ǡ ȌǢ±ǡͳǯǤǯǤͷιʹͲǯͶιʹͲǯǡͷͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFarron 7016 (P); Banco.
ͷιʹ͵ǯ ͶιͲ͵ǯǡ ʹͺ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Wit, H.C.D. de 7192 (WAG); In woodlands of Banco, near Abidjan.
ͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡBernardi, L. 8074 (G,K,US,WAG); De Banco per iter versus Avodiré. 5°24’N
ͶιͲͷǯǡʹʹ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡBernardi, L. 8164ȋ ǡȌǢ Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲͶǯǡͳͷͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡ
Adam, J.-.G. 8945ȋȌǢǯǤͷιͳͻǯͶιʹͲǯǡ͵ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡAké Assi 10025 (G); Abidjan. 5°19’N
ͶιͲʹǯǡͳͳ ͳͻʹͺȋϐȌǡAubréville SF 22 (A,K); Agbovilleǣ±Ǥͷι͵ǯͶιͲǯǡ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBamps
2548 (K,WAG); ManǣǤιʹǯι͵ͺǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡʹͻ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 4820
ȋ ǡ ǡ ȌǢ Ǧ±ǣ ϐ Ǥ ͶιͶͺǯ ιʹǯǤ ǣ ͵ͷͲǡ ʹ ͳͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ
Breteler 13762 (WAG); Sassandra: 79km NNE Sassandra, Lagako-Tokpeko, along path. 5°20’N 5°50’W. Alt:
ͷǡͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡBeentje 47 (MO,UCJ,WAG); 79 km NNE of Sassandra, Lagako-Tokpeko. 5°27’N 5°52’W,
7 May 1975 (fr), Burg, W.J. van der 132 (BR,E,FR,G,GH,IAGB,MA,MO,WAG); 56 km N. of Sassandra, E. of Béyo.
5°18’N 6°20’W. Alt: 90m, (fr), Leeuwenberg 2536 (WAG); Tabou: Djiroutou. 5°22’N 7°17’W, 9 April 1986 (fr),
Poilecot 1161 (G).
LIBERIA, Bong: Bong Range, 32 km N of Kakata. 6°48’N 10°21’W. Alt: 250m, 13 August 1962 (fr), Leeuwenberg
4963 (WAG); Grand Cape Mount: 3 miles N of Settlement of MMAL mine company. 7°21’N 11°07’W, 12
February 1970 (st), Jansen, J.W.A. 1797 (WAG); Grand Gedeh: Eastern Province. Putu district. Village:
ͲȋȌǤͷι͵ͲǯͺιͲ͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3641
(A,B,BR,EA,K,P,WAG); north-south ridge of the Putu Hills East Range west of Tiama Town. 5°38.3’N 8°11.1’W.
ǣ ͺʹͲǡ ʹʹ ʹͲͲͷ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 6308 (BR,G,K,P,WAG); Montserrado: Duport. 6°16’N 10°40’W, 15
ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLinder, D.H. 1486ȋȌǢǤιͳǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡͳͺͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLinder, D.H. 1500
ȋȌǢǡǤιͳͻǯͳͲιͶͺǯǡͷ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 5901 (K); : Bilimu.
7°24’N 8°36’W, 21 June 1958 (fr), Harley, W.J. 2183ȋȌǢ Ǥι͵Ͳǯͺι͵ͲǯǡͳͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡHarley, W.J.
2215 (K,P); East slope of Nimba Mountains. 7°31.4’N 8°30.6’W. Alt: 1310m, 8 April 2010 (fr), Jongkind 9572
(BR,G,MO,P,WAG); Sino: County 51 km N. of Greenville. 5°22’N 8°52’W, 10 April 1962 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de
3782 (K,WAG); Sapo NP, buffer zone, just east of Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°48’W. Alt: 110m, 28 November 2002
ȋϐȌǡJongkind 5516 (BR,WAG); inside Sapo National Park near Camp 6. 5°18.28’N 8°44.83’W. Alt: 198m, 16
ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9733 (WAG); Sapo National Park not far from Camp 6. 5°18.5’N 8°44.9’W. Alt:
3
Ǥͳͻͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͻʹ
220m, 23 November 2010 (fr), Jongkind 9855 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ Ǥ ͷιʹͲǯ ͻιͳͺǯǡ ͳʹ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ
Baldwin jr 11389 (K).
, ǣ ͳͶ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Tuley 913 (K); 17 March 1966 (fr), Ariwaodo ARS 1178 (K);
Akwa-Ibom Stateǣ ͵Ͳ Ǥ Ǥ Ͷι͵ǯ ͺιͳǯǡ ͳͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 1172 (WAG); South
Ǥ ͵ͲǤǤͶι͵ǯͺιͳǯǡͳͻͳȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van
1184 (WAG); Eket district, Southern Nigeria. 4°39’N 7°56’E, 1912 (st), Talbot, P.A. 3271 (BR); Uyo distr. Eket.
Ͷι͵ͻǯιͷǯǡ͵ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡDaramola, B.O. FHI 55278 (FHO,K); Cross River State: Old Calabar. 4°57’N
ͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺʹȋϐǡȌǡThomson, W.C. 95 (E,K); Ekinta River Forest Reserve 20 km ENE of Calabar. 5°00’N 8°30’E,
͵ ͳͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 1156 (WAG); Oban Group Forest Reserve, east Block. 5°08’N 8°34’E. Alt:
ͳͷͲǡͳͷͳͻͳȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1291 (WAG); Oban Group Forest Reserve, West Block. Cut line from
ͷͳǤͷιʹͷǯͺι͵ǯǤǣͳͷͲǡͳͻͳͻͳȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1363 (WAG); road from Calabar to Oban
ʹǤͶιͷͺǯͺιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1516 (WAG); Oban, S of Mbarakom.
5°13’N 8°20’E, 15 May 1971 (fr), Meer, P.P.C. van 1645 (WAG); Old Ndebiji. 5°35’N 8°50’E, 11 February 1946
(st), Aninze FHI 15408ȋȌǢǤ Ǥϐ ǤǤͶͶǤ
ιͶͲǯͻιͳͲǯǡͳ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 18954 (FHO); 56-57 miles posts, Osomba on Calabar-Mamfe
Ǥͷιʹǯͺι͵ͻǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡOnyeachusim FHI 54037 (K); : Oware. 5°31’N 5°45’E,
ͳͺͲͷ ȋϐȌǡ Palisot de Beauvois s.n. ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ϐ
Road. 5°34’N 5°47’E. Alt: 10m, 30 March 1977 (st), Leeuwenberg 11293 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG); Edo State: Abe
ǡȋȌǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡLowe, J. 1715 (K); Okomu Forest
ǡǤιʹͲǯͷιͳͷǯǡʹͶ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡBrenan 8921 (FHO,K); Okomu Forest Reserve,
ǤͷͷǤιʹͲǯͷιͳͷǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͶͺȋϐǡȌǡBrenan 8994 (FHO); Okomu Forest Reserve,
Compartment No. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 21 February 1948 (fr), Brenan 9094 (FHO,K); Usonigbe. 5°59’N 6°11’E, 19
October 1949 (fr), Ujor FHI 15286 (K).
2Ƭ , ± : Boca, Mponts, Hafé. (districto Novo Destino). 0°18’N 6°39’E. Alt:
ͲͲǡͳͺͺͷȋϐȌǡMoller, A.F. 1ȋǡ ȌǢ ǤͲιͳͳǯιʹͺǯǤǣͲͲǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡ
Espirito Santo 3974 (COI,LISC).
, Casamanceǣ±ǯǣǤͳʹι͵ͳǯͳι͵͵ǯǡʹͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡBerhaut 5863 (BR);
±ǯǣǤͳʹιʹͻǯͳι͵ǯǡͳͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡBerhaut 6235 (BR); Région d’Oussouye:
Boukitimgo. 12°27’N 16°35’W, 4 August 1963 (st), Berhaut 6295 (BR); Région d’Oussouye: Santiaba mandjac.
ͳʹι͵͵ǯͳι͵͵ǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBerhaut 7246 (BR); Région d’Oussouye: Boukitimgo. 12°27’N 16°35’W,
ʹʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBerhaut 7697 (BR); Ziguinchor: Boukitingo près d’Oussouye. 12°27’N 16°35’W. Alt:
ͺǡͳͳͻͺʹȋϐȌǡVanden Berghen 5302 (BR); Boukitingo près d’Oussouye. 12°27’N 16°35’W, 1 August
ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Vanden Berghen 5308 ȋȌǢ ± ǯǣ Ǥ ͳʹιʹͻǯ ͳι͵͵ǯǡ ʹ͵ ͳͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ
Berhaut 5743 (BR); Santiaba-Mandjak. 12°22’N 16°33’W. Alt: 8m, 21 September 1985 (fr), Vanden Berghen
7544 (BR); région d’Oussouye: Oukout. 12°28’N 16°33’W, 3 October 1961 (fr), Adam, J.-.G. 18227 (BR).
, ǣȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS);
ȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡTurner (Sierra Leone 1826- Miss) s.n.ȋȌǢͳͺȋϐȌǡVogel, J.R.T. 104 (K); 1867 (fr),
Vogel, J.R.T. 134 ȋȌǢ ȋϐȌǡ Wallace, C.V. 182 (FHO); Eastern Provinceǣ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Bakshi 189 (K);
Provinceǣ Ǥ ͺι͵ͳǯ ͳʹιͳǯǡ ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 4573 (K); Southern Province: Lake Mabesi
ȋ ȌǤ ιͷǯ ͳʹιͶͻǯǡ ͳͲ ͳͻͷͶ ȋϐȌǡ Jackson, W. 24 (K); Boma (Pukumu Krim). 7°56’N
12°49’W, 10 January 1954 (fr), Jackson, W. 26ȋȌǢ ǤιͳǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͻͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡSmall,
D. 603ȋǡȌǢǤͺιͲǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡDeighton 5558 (K,P); Njala. 8°07’N 12°05’W, 23 July
ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡDeighton 5568ȋȌǢǤͺιͲǯͳʹιͲͷǯǡͳͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡDeighton 5592 (K,P); Western
Areaǣͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤǣʹͶǡͳʹͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡMelville, F.A. 16 (K,P); Havelock. 8°29’N 13°14’W, April
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡGledhill 20 (K); Very near top of Sugar Loaf Mont. 8°25’N 13°14’W. Alt: 716m, 13 August 1958 (fr),
Melville, F.A. 75ȋȌǢ ȋȌǤͺι͵Ͳǯͳ͵ιͳͷǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡLane-Poole 117 (K); 8 March
ͳͻ͵ͲȋϐȌǡNielsen, E. 1661ȋȌǢ ǡ Ǥͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡHepper 2488
ȋȌǢǤͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͷ ͳͺͻͳȋϐȌǡScott Elliot 3834 (K); Bay on South Side of
Ǥͺιͳǯͳ͵ιͳͳǯǡʹͳ ͳͻȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 4318 (K).
, Western Provinceǣ ǤͲιͷͶǯʹͻιͶʹǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡHafashimana 479 (K);
ǡȋȌǤͲιͷͶǯʹͻιͶʹǯǤǣͳͶͲͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡNkuutu
BW95U 004 (C).
Key literature: Bamps & Farron (1967), Cheek et al. (2004), Farron (1963, 1985),
3.7 Materials and Methods
Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hooker & Bentham (1849), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay
(1954), Tieghem (1902).
Campylospermum sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Farron
Fig. ʹͶ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 401 (1965). – Cercanthemum sacleuxii Tiegh., J. Bot.
(Morot) 16: 198 (June 1902). – Ouratea sacleuxii ȋǤȌ ǡ ϐ ͳȋʹȌǣ Ͳ
(1988). – Gomphia sacleuxii (Tiegh.) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 50 (2005). – Type:
Sacleux 1551 (holotype: P!; isotype: P!), Tanzania, Zanzibar, Ngourou, September 1894.
Tree up to 15 m tall, with branched trunk; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent,
fused and present on internode, triangular, ͷȂͺ . Leaf: petiole ͵Ȃ
long; leaf blade obovate to narrowly elliptic-obovate or narrowly elliptic-obspathulate,
ȋͳʹȂȌͳȂ͵ͲȋȂ͵͵Ȍ ȋͶȂȌȂͳͲȋȂͳ͵Ȍ , ratio ʹǤʹȂͶǤͲ, base cuneate to rounded or
subcordate, apex acute to acuminate, parchmentaceous, slightly bullate, medium
green above, paler green below, dull on both sides, margin serrate, teeth ending in a
dark tipǢǣϐǡ
the basal half, prominent below, main lateral veins 13–25 on either side, Ȃʹͷ,
above prominent but often running through a gully due to the bullateness of the leaf,
prominent below, making a slight angle with the midrib,ϐ
the margin slightly curved upward and often splitting into two nerves before
reaching the margin, intermediate lateral veins ͲȂʹ in between each pair of main
lateral veins, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular
to the main lateral veins, distinct on both sides. ϔ axillary (sometimes
subterminal and just below the small terminal bud), unbranched, lax, its main axis
ϐ, (7–)9–28(–39) cm long; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle persistent;
ͲǤͷȂͳȋȂʹȌ ǡ ͳȂͺǦϐǢ persistent, triangular, ʹȂ͵
long. Flower: pedicel 5–15(–20) mm long, articulated at 1–2 mm from the base; sepals
ovateǡϐȂʹȂ͵ǡȂͺʹȂͶǡrounded, apex acute; petals
obovate, (8–)10–12 x 4–6 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 6–7
mm long; ovary 1–2 mm long; style 7–10 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 1 mm thick in
ϐǡʹȂ͵Ǣͳʹ ǡobovoid, 5–6 x
4–5 mm; cotyledons accumbent, similar in size.
Notes: This species is only known from southernmost Kenya and Tanzania and has the
same distribution area as C. ϔ (Engl. & Gilg) Farron. These two species also share
a close resemblance in terms of leaf venation pattern and the axillary, unbranched and
ϐ Ǥ C. sacleuxii differs from C. ϔ by its generally much longer
ϐ ȋȌ
apex and scalariform (not mainly reticulate) tertiary venation being perpendicular to
the main laterals.
3
Ǥͳͻ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤͳͻͶ
Distribution: southern Kenya and Tanzania
(Map ʹͷ).
Ecology: lowland forest, dry evergreen
forest, riparian forest; at 40–1400 m
altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ ǡ
April and from July to December; fruits
observed from January to April, in June and
from September to December.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹͻǡͳͳͶ
km2ǡ αʹͻǡͶͷͺ 2ǡ αͳ ȋ
αͷͶȌǤ
comparatively limited area of distribution,
there is a fair amount of herbarium
specimens (30) which suggests it is not
rare. Although we have not seen specimens
collected in the last decade, several others
originate from Forest Reserves such as
Lunguza, Lukoga, Mtibwa in Tanzania and
Shimba in Kenya. Therefore, the category of
Least Concern seems most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
A
C
E
B
ʹͶǤ Campylospermum sacleuxii. A. Flower.
B. Ovary. C. Anther. . Fruiting branch. E. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
, Coastǣ ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǡȋϐǡȌǡRoss, K.S. s.n. (EA); Shimba Hills (Longomwagandi area).
4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 1400m, 10 February 1968 (fr), Magogo 52 (BR,K); Shimba Hills (Longomwagandi area).
4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 442m, 21 February 1968 (fr), Magogo 166 (BR,EA,K,UPS); Shimba Hills, Longo Mwagandi.
4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 381m, 12 April 1968 (fr), Magogo 808 (K); Shimba Hills. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 304m,
ͳͻȋϐȌǡSturrock 2309 (EA); Shimba Hills Game Reserve. 1 miles east of junction with main road;
ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤǣ͵ͲͶǡ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡSpjut 2728 (EA,K); Shimba Hills,
Longomagandi. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 390m, 18 March 1991 (st), Luke 2735 (EA,K); Longo Magandi Forest or
Makadara forest. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt: 480m, 9 December 1975 (fr), Kokwaro 4009 (EA); Gangari Forest. 4°23’S
͵ͻιʹͺǯǤǣͶͲǡʹͺͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLuke 4542 (K); Gogoni. 4°25’S 39°28’E, June 1962 (fr), Birch 62/
62ȋȌǢ ǡǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤǣ͵ͺͲǡͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡFaden 69/ 491 (EA).
, Morogoro: Kilombero West Scarp Forest Reserve, T7. 8°03’S 36°20’E. Alt: 400m, 6 March 1996
(fr), Frimodt-Møller 160 (K); Turiani. 6°09’S 37°35’E, November 1953 (fr), Paulo, S. 196 (EA,K); Mtibwa Forest
ǤιͲǯ͵ι͵ͻǯǡͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡSemsei 913 (EA,K); Matundu, Ifakara. 8°08’S 36°41’E, 17 September
ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡKisena 1438 (K); Matundu, Ifakara. 8°08’S 36°41’E, 17 September 1994 (fr), Kisena 1442 (K);
ǤιͲͻǯ͵ι͵ͷǯǡͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡSemsei 1471 (EA,K); Lukoga Forest Reserve. 8°08’S 36°41’E, 6
November 1961 (fr), Semsei 3391ȋǡȌǢ ǤιͶǯ͵ιͷͶǯǤǣͷͲǡʹ͵ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡPolhill, R.M.
5122ȋȌǢǤιͲͻǯ͵ι͵ͷǯǡͺ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐȌǡBurtt, B.D. 5406 (BM,EA,K); Eastern province.
ιͲͺǯ͵ι͵ͷǯǡͶͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBrenan 8284 (FHO,K,WAG); Ngambaula forest reserve. 6°59’S 37°44’E.
ǣ͵ͲͲǡʹʹʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡMhoro, E.B. UMBCP 409 (C,MO); Tanga: Amani. 5°06’S 38°38’E, January
1951 (st), Paol, S. 1 (EA,K); Sigi valley, 8 miles below Amani, c 1500 ft., 457m, 5°06’S 38°39’E. Alt: 457m, 29
ͳͻͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Verdcourt 1750 (BR,EA,K); Longuza at 170 m.a.s.l. 5°03’S 38°42’E, 7 October 1986
(st), Ruffo 1867 (C,K); Longuza. 5°03’S 38°42’E, 20 October 1986 (fr), Ruffo 1933 (K); Lunguza Forest, Zamaa
ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡKibuwa 2998 (EA); Muheza, Zamaa Sigi river. 5°10’S 38°48’E,
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͳ ͳͻͺͳ ȋϐȌǡ Kibuwa 5487 (UPS); Korogwe by Sigi R. below Longuza Hill. 5°06’S 38°42’E, 19
ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBrenan 8348 (C,FHO,K); East Usambara Mts along the Sigi river between Mangubu and
Fanusi villages. 5°08’S 38°39’E. Alt: 200m, 29 October 1986 (fr), Borhidi 86/ 294 (UPS).
Key literature: Beentje (1994), Farron (1965), Tieghem (1902c), Verdcourt (2005).
ϐȋǤƬ Ȍ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 401 (1965). – Exomicrum ϔ (Engl & Gilg) Tiegh.,
Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 38 (June 1903). – Ouratea ϔ Engl. & Gilg, Bot. Jahrb.
Syst., 33: 262 (1904).– Gomphia ϔ (Gilg) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 48
(2005). – Type: ϔ 189 (holotype: B†; isotype: E!, EA!, K!, Z!), Tanzania, Derema,
Ugamba, 1899.
Ouratea schusteri ǤǡϐǤǤ͵ǡʹǣ͵ͺͻȋͳͻʹͳȌǤȂGomphia ϔ subsp.
schusteri (Engl.) Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 49 (2005). – Neotype (designated
here): Schlieben 2825 (holotype: B!; isotypes: G!, LISC!, MA!, P!, Z!), Tanzania, Bezirk
Morogoro, Uluguru Gebirge, NW seite, October 18th 1932. syn. nov.
ϔsubsp. taitensis Verdc., Fl. trop. E. Africa, Ochnac.: 49 (2005). –Type:
Drummond & Hemsley 4342 (holotype: K!; isotype: EA!), Kenya, Taita Hills, 8 km NNE of
Ngerenyi, Ngangao, September 15th, 1953. syn. nov.
Tree up to 25 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark. Stipules persistent,
triangular, 2–3 mm long. Leaf: petiole 5–10 mm long; leaf blade elliptic to oblong-elliptic
or oblong, ȋͶȂȌȂͳͷȋȂʹͲȌȋʹȂȌ͵ȂͷȋȂȌ ǡratioʹȂͶǤͷ, base cuneate to rounded,
apex obtuse to rounded, parchmentaceous to coriaceous, not bullate, glossy green
ǡǡǢǣϐ
above, prominent below, main lateral veins 13–20 on either side, 5–12 mm apart,
ǡǡ
with the midrib and curved upwards toward the margin, intermediate lateral veins
0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation
with few scalariform veins perpendicular to the midrib but otherwise reticulate,
distinct on both sides. ϔ axillary, unbranched, lax, its main axis 3–15 cm
long, ϐ; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; cymules 1–2 cm apart,
ʹȂǦϐǢ ǡǡ ǤͳǤFlower: pedicel 6–11 mm long,
ͳȂ͵Ǣ ǡ͵ȂͷʹȂͶϐǡ͵ȂʹȂͷ
mm in fruit, base cuneate, apex acute; petals oblanceolate-oblong to obovate, 4–10 x
1–6 mm, base shortly clawed, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens: anthers 4–5 mm long;
ovary c. 1 x 1 mm, style c. 4 mm long. Fruitǣ Ǥͳϐǡ͵͵
fruit; drupelets 1 to 3 well developed per receptacle, obovoid, c. 7 x 6 mm; cotyledons
accumbent, similar in size.
Notes: Verdcourt (2005) distinguished three subspecies based on the shape and size of
the petals and the distinctness of the tertiary venation. After having studied all material
available, we conclude that both characters are too variable, not constant even within
3
Ǥͳͻͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥͳͻ
a subspecies, to be able to make a clear distinction within the material. The tertiary
venation can even vary between duplicates of the same collection. Thus, we decided not
to recognize Verdcourt’s subspecies.
The name Ouratea schusteri was published without a reference to a specimen that could
Ǥ Dzǡdzǡ
be traced that bears this indication and was collected before 1921. We conclude that
the original material was most likely destroyed during World War II in Berlin and were
forced to select a Neotype. We opted for Schlieben 2825 because it originates from the
same mountain ridge, duplicates are present in at least six herbaria, and it comprises
ϐǤ
C. ϔ is close to C. sacleuxii; see below that species for the distinctive characters.
Distribution: southern Kenya and Tanzania (Map ʹ).
Ecology: evergreen and deciduous forest, montane forest, swampy forest, on steep
slopes, along streams and on shallow rocky soil; at 1400–2150 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǢ
September to December.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαǡͲʹͶ2ǡαͷͻǡʹͲͳ2ǡ α͵Ͷȋ
α͵ȌǤ ǡ
there is a fair amount of herbarium specimens (47) which suggests it is not uncommon.
It is found in Udzungwa National Park in Tanzania in Forest Reserve such as Shagayu
Uluguru, Ndundulu, Lutindi, Shagai in Tanzania and Taita hills in Kenya, and its most
recent collection dates from 2011. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems most
appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, Coastǣ Ǥ͵ιʹͷǯ͵ͺιʹͲǯǡʹͲͳͳȋϐȌǡRoelen 105 (BR); Mbololo Forest. 3°19’S 38°27’E. Alt:
ͳͺͷͲǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐȌǡ Taita Hills Expedition 407 (K,US); Ngangao Forest. 3°22’S 38°20’E. Alt: 1875m,
ͳ ͳͻͺͷ ȋϐȌǡ Taita Hills Expedition 571 (BR,US); Western side of Mbololo Hill forest. 3°17’S 38°28’E.
ǣͳͷͲǡ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡKamau Wakanene 638 (EA,K); Ngangao Forest. 3°22’S 38°20’E. Alt: 1875m, 19
ͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡTaita Hills Expedition 758ȋȌǢ Ǥ͵ιͳͻǯ͵ͺιʹǯǤǣͳͺͷͲǡʹͺͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡ
Taita Hills Expedition 952 (US); Ngangao, 5 miles N.N.E. of Ngerenyi Teita Hill. 3°25’S 38°20’E. Alt: 1850m,
ͳͷͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡDrummond, R.B. 4342 (B,EA,K); Kisigau, Rukanga route-false peak. 3°50’S 38°40’E.
ǣͳͶͺͲǡͳ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡLuke 5364 (EA,K); Taita Hills, Mbololo Hill (Mraru ridge). 3°21’S 38°27’E. Alt:
1850m, 17 October 1970 (st), Faden 70/ 724 (EA); Mt Kasigau, route from Rukanga to summit. 3°50’S 38°40’E.
Alt: 1645m, 5 April 1983 (st), Faden 71/ 183 (B,EA); Taita hills, Mbololo Hill. 3°20’S 38°27’E. Alt: 1600m, 29
ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡFaden 71/ 977 (EA,K,UPS); Taita hills, Mbololo Hill (Mraru Ridge). 3°19’S 38°27’E. Alt:
ͳͷͲǡʹͺͳͻʹȋϐȌǡFaden 72/ 278 (EA,K,UPS).
, Iringa: Uzungwa Mountain NP. Sonjo-Mwanihana Route. 7°49’S 36°51’E, 8 November 1997 (fr),
Luke 5075 (EA,K); Udzungwa Mountain National Park, Pt 224. 7°46’S 36°50’E. Alt: 1500m, 28 September
ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡLuke 7907 (BR,EA,K,MO,NHT,US); Ndundulu Forest Reserve, ridge N. of Camp 590. 7°47’S 36°30’E.
Alt: 1460m, 9 September 2004 (fr), Luke 10423 (EA,K); Udzungwa Scarp F.R. 8°23’S 35°58’E. Alt: 1950m, 18
ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡFrimodt-Møller TZ 686 (C,K); Morogoro: Uluguru South forest reserve, Morogoro region.
1.8 km southeast of Kimhandu hill. 7°11’S 37°41’E. Alt: 2154m, 16 October 1993 (fr), Høst 107 (C); Lupanga
Ǥιͷʹǯ͵ιͶʹǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡLovett, J.C. 143 (K); Lupanga Peak. 6°52’S 37°43’E. Alt:
ͳͺͲͲǡͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡLovett, J.C. 144 (K); Uluguru, burdiku. 7°10’S 37°40’E. Alt: 1859m, 27 January 1935
ȋϐȌǡBruce 672 (BM,K); N.W. Uluguru N. forest Reserve; rigde to the east of Mwere Valley. 6°55’S 37°40’E. Alt:
ͳͷͲǡʹʹ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡMabberley 1257 (K); Morogo: Uluguru-Gebirge NW seite. 6°55’S 37°50’E, 18 October
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡSchlieben 2825 (B,G,LISC,MA,P,Z); Mwanihana F.R. above Sanje village. 7°50’S 36°55’E. Alt: 1700m,
ͳͲ ͳͻͺͶ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, D.W. 3834 (K); Bez. Morogoro, Uluguru-Geb. NW seite. 6°55’S 37°50’E. Alt:
ͳͲͲǡʹͳ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡSchlieben 4011 (B,BM,G,K,MA,US,Z); Lupanga, N.W slope; Uluguru, near Morogoro.
ιͷʹǯ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡHarris, B.J. 4098 (EA); Lupanga Peak. 6°52’S 37°42’E. Alt: 1800m, 26
ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡPolhill, R.M. 4921ȋȌǢǦǤιͷʹǯ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡͳͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡGreenway
8620 ȋǡǡ ǡȌǢ Ǥ ιͶͻǯ ͵ιͶͻǯǤ ǣ ͳͶǡ ʹʹ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Cribb, P.J. 10393 (K);
ǣ ͳǦͳͺǤιͲǯ͵ι͵ͻǯǤǣʹͲ͵Ͳǡͳ ʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡLuke 11079 (EA,NHT); Tanga:
ǤͶι͵Ͳǯ͵ͺιͳͺǯǤǣͳͻͺͳǡͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡProcter 161 (EA,K); Usambara, Derema. 5°05’S
38°38’E, 1899 (fr), ϔͷ;Ϳȋǡǡǡ ǡǡ ǡȌǢͶι͵Ͳǯ͵ͺιͳͺǯǤǣͳͻͺͳǡȋϐȌǡProcter 217 (EA,K);
ǤͷιͲǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǡͳͻʹȋϐȌǡBurtt, B.D. 446ȋȌǢͷιͲǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǡ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡZimmermann,
N. 1100 ȋȌǢ ǤǤ ǡ ʹ ǤǤ ǡ Ǥ Ͷι͵ʹǯ ͵ͺιͳͶǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͷ͵ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ
Drummond, R.B. 1414 (B,EA,K); 5°06’S 38°38’E, 7 October 1905 (fr), Braun, K.P.J.G. 3426 (EA); 5°06’S 38°37’E,
1 March 1913 (fr), Amani 3886 (FHO); 5°06’S 38°38’E, March (fr), Grote 3886 (EA,K); 5°06’S 38°38’E, 18 April
1922 (fr), Dancarlos 6049ȋǡȌǢ ǤͶι͵ͳǯ͵ͺιͳͺǯǡ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡEggeling 6152 (EA,K);
ǡǤǤͷιͻͲǯ͵ͺιʹͻǯǡʹͳͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBrenan 8359 (FHO); West Usambara Mts.
Shagayu F.R. NW slope of the summit 2.5 km ENE of Shagayu Sawmill. 4°30’S 38°18’E. Alt: 1950m, 14 March
ͳͻͺͶȋϐȌǡBorhidi 84/ 854 (UPS); West Usambara Mts. Shagayu F.R. SE ridge of Shagein peak. 4°58’S 39°00’E.
ǣͳͻ͵Ͳǡʹʹ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBorhidi 86/ 102 (K,UPS); East Usambara Mts, Lutindi Forest Reserve, Nilo
ǤͶιͷ͵ǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǤǣͳͶͶͲǡͳͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡIversen, S.T. 87/ 468 (K); Amani. 5°06’S 38°38’E, 1903
ȋϐȌǡWarnecke Amani 245 (BM,E,EA,K,Z); Sangarawe. 5°08’S 38°37’E, 9 November 1916 (fr), Zimmermann, N.
g 6665 (EA); 5°05’S 38°36’E, 27 February 1917 (fr), Zimmermann, N. g 6666 (EA).
Key literature: Dale & Greenway (1961), Farron (1963, 1985), Verdcourt (2005).
Campylospermum schoenleinianum (Klotzsch) Farron.
Ǥʹͷ
Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965). – Gomphia schoenleiniana Klotzsch,
Abhandl. Kön. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1856, Phys. Abhandl.: 238, tab. IV (1857). –
Monelasmum schoenleinianum (Klotzsch) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 18: 35 (June
1903). – Ouratea schoenleiniana (Klotzsch) Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 264 (1904). – Type:
Schoenlein s.n. (holotype: B†). Lectotype (designated here): Tab. IV in Klotzsch, Abhandl.
Kön. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1856, Phys. Abhandl.: 238 (1857).
Tree up to 10 m tall, rarely scrambling, with branched stem; twigs with brownish bark.
Stipules persistent, triangular, 2–4 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm long, stout; leaf
blade elliptic-obovate to narrowly so or narrowly elliptic-spathulate, ȋͺȂȌͳʹȂ͵͵ȋʹȂ
Ȍ͵ȂͳͲǤͷ , ratio (ʹǤ͵ȂȌʹǤȂͷǤͷ base cordate to auriculate, apex acute to acuminate,
coriaceous to papery, not bullate, margin entire to serrulate, upper side glossy dark
ǡǢǣϐǡ
half below, main lateral veins 20–30 on either side, ͷȂͳͲȋȂͳͷȌ, prominent to
slightly so above, not prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib and curved
upwards, intermediate lateral veins ͲȂʹ, not or
ǡ
to the main lateral veins, but reticulate towards the midrib, distinct on both sides.
ϔ terminal, branched or rarely unbranched, lax, slender, pendulous, its
main axis (10–)12–27(–39) cm long, cylindrical; pairwise scales persistent at the base
of the peduncle, few, triangular, 2–5 mm long; racemes ȋͲ–)ͳȂǡȋ͵ȂȌͳ͵ȂʹͲȋȂʹȌ
long; cymules ͷȂʹͲǡͳȂǦϐ; bracts persistent, c. 1 mm long. Flower:
3
Ǥͳͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
pedicel 5–10 mm long, articulated at c. 2 mm from the base; sepals ovate to narrowly
ovateǡϐͷȂʹȂ͵ǡȂ͵ǡ Ǣbroadly obovate
ǡȂͻͷ–6 mm, truncate at base, rounded at apex; stamens:
anthers 4–5 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style c. 4 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 5 mm
thick; drupelets 2 to 5 well developed per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid to globose, 6–8
x 6–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent, similar in size.
3
Ǥͳͻͺ
Notesǣϐ Ǧ
species from the rest of the West African ones with a cordate to auriculate leaf base.
Since the holotype has been destroyed in Berlin and no duplicates or other original plant
material could be traced, we are forced to designate the accompanying plate, which
should also be regarded as part of the original material (McNeill, 2012 (Melbourne
Code): Art. 9.3), as the lectotype (McNeill, 2012 (Melbourne Code): Art. 9.12).
Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast and south-western Ghana (Map
ʹ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, on gentle slopes, in inundated forest, in
riverine and gallery forest; on sandy, loamy and lateritic soil; at 20–680 m altitude.
Phenologyǣϐ Ǥ
Vernacular names: Ivory Coast: abbey (Naé).
Uses: In Ivory Coast, a decoction of the root-bark is taken in very small doses as a strong
purgative (Burkill 1997)
IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ α͵Ͷǡͷͷ 2ǡ αͶʹͶǡͶͳ 2ǡ αͻͶ
ȋ αͳͳȌǤ
uncommon. It is found inside and outside protected areas and has numerous recent
collections. Therefore, the category of Least Concern has been assigned.
Specimens examined:
ȋ Ȍ, ǣ 28 September 1965 (fr), Farron 4627 (P).
, Western Regionǣ Ǥ Ͷιͷʹǯ ʹιͳͶǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͶȋϐȌǡ Irvine, F.R. 2209 (E,K); Subri F.R
Ǥͷιͳͺǯͳιͷͻǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡFoggie 5119 (FHO); Subiri F.R. (Benso). 5°09’N 1°54’W,
ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡAndoh FH 5573 (K,P).
, Faranah: région de Kissidougou (Sangalibadou). 9°14’N 10°02’W, February 1950 (st), Schnell 4625
ȋȌǢ Ǥ Ǥ ͻιͲͷǯ ͳͲιͶͷǯǡ ͵ͳ ͳͻͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 20614 (K,P);
±±±: Ténémadou. 8°46’N 9°08’W, 1949 (st), Adam, J.-.G. 3395 (BR); Nimba Mountain. 7°37’N 8°25’W,
ʹͻ ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 6327 (P); Nimba Mountains, Gba River valley. 7°41.5’N 8°24.7’W. Alt:
ͷͻͲǡ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 7510 (WAG); Nimba Mountains, forest on low altitude N of Mifergui
ǤιͶʹǤͺǯͺιʹ͵ǤǯǤǣͷ͵ͲǡʹͲʹͲͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 8077 (P,WAG); Nimba Mountains, E of
Ǥι͵ͷǤǯͺιʹͺǤͲǯǤǣͷǡͳͳ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 8197 (WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon.
7°58.4’N 9°06.8’W. Alt: 640m, 14 May 2011 (st), Jongkind 10800 (BR,MO,WAG); Nimba Mountains, Cavally
Ǥ ι͵ͻǤ͵ǯ ͺιʹͷǤͻͻǯǤ ǣ ͷͻͷǡ ʹʹ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 11180 (MO);
Cavally River west of the Nimba mountains. 7°43.76’N 8°26.26’W. Alt: 527m, 10 July 2012 (st), Jongkind 11450
ȋȌǢǤͳͻǤͳͳǤιͶͲǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡRoberty 16052 (G).
IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Campus. 5°21’N 4°00’W, December 1972 (fr), Frédoux 162 (G); Banco. 5°23’N 4°03’W,
ͳͻͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 533 (WAG); P.N. Banco. 5°24’N 4°05’W, 2 January 1985 (st), Poilecot
633 (G); Grand Bassam. 5°14’N 3°45’W, December 1949 (st), Schnell 3932 (P); Abidjan, Banco Forest Reserve.
ͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡKoning, J. de 4080 (BR,MO,WAG); Adjopé-Azaguié. 5°38’N 4°06’W, 7
A
3.7 Materials and Methods
B
ʹͷ. Campylospermum schoenleinianum. A. Leaf blade. B. Flowering branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ʹ. Distribution of Campylospermum schoenleinianum
3
Ǥͳͻͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤʹͲͲ
ͳͻͷͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Roberty 12620 ȋ ǡȌǢ Ǥ ͷιʹͲǯ Ͷιʹ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲͷ ȋϐȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 15261 (LY);
±ǡǤ͵ͲǤͺǤͷιͳͻǯͶιͲͺǯǡ͵ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡRoberty 15388 (G); Dabou. 5°20’N 4°23’W,
ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 15465ȋȌǢ ² Ǥͷιʹ͵ǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡʹͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡAké Assi 15862 (G);
ǤͷιͳͻǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19261ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͻǯͶιʹ͵ǯǡͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B.
19469 (P); Agboville: 3 km north of Abbé 50 km north of Abidjan, along road to Abengourou. 5°42’N 3°59’W.
ǣͷͲǡʹͳ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 28ȋ ȌǢǤͷιͶͶǯͶιͲͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E.
de 144 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ͶιͲͷǯǡ ʹͺ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 584 (WAG); Forêt de l’Abbé.
±͵ʹǤͷιͶͲǯͶιͲͲǯǡͳ͵ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡChatelain 772 (G); Agboville, forêt de Yapo,relevé 43. 5°44’N
4°08’W, 18 January 1992 (fr), Chatelain 950 (G); Yapo. 5°44’N 4°08’W, 4 December 1981 (fr), Stäuble 1050 (G);
ǤͷιͶͶǯͶιͲͺǯǡʹʹͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡRoberty 12126 (G,Z,Z); ±: Kokondekro. 7°38’N 5°02’W, 10
October 1991 (st), Téré 1956 (G); : F.C. du Haut-Sassandra, Sud. Piste de V12, layon 28. 6°56’N 6°59’W,
14 February 1994 (st), Kouamé 1086 (CSRS,G); Forêt classée du Haut Sassandra. 6°56’N 6°59’W, 14 February
1994 (st), Kouamé 1086 (G); ±ǣ ͳ Ǥ Ǥ ι͵͵ǯ ͺιʹͷǯǡ ͳ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Geerling
1824 (K,WAG); ±±: Plantation planche, Pinhou. 6°37’N 7°20’W, 27 January 1969 (fr), Bamps 1950 (BR);
Guesabo. 6°44’N 6°59’W, 3 August 1954 (st), Jaeger, P. 4508 (P); Grand-Lahou: Nzida. 5°15’N 5°01’W, August
ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐȌǡ Nozeran s.n. (P); Guiglo: Releve 15; Champ de riz, W of Gouléako. 5°51’N 7°25’W, 24 July 1983
ȋϐǡȌǡRouw, A. de 25ȋ ȌǢǢ ±Ǥͷιͷͳǯιʹͷǯǡͷ ͳͻͺͶȋϐǡȌǡRouw, A. de 107
ȋ ȌǢ ǤǤ ÃǤ ͷιͷͲǯ ιͳͲǯǡ ʹͳ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Gautier, L. 400 (CSRS,G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 4
December 1979 (fr), Knecht 979ȋ ȌǢ ͵ͲǤǤιͲǯι͵Ͳǯǡͻ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡWilde,
W.J.J.O. de 1034 (WAG); Parc National de Taï, 7 km E of Station de Recherche. 5°54’N 7°18’W. Alt: 200m, 15
November 1986 (st), Maesen, L.J.G. van der 5277 (BR,MO,WAG); bassin du Cavally: pays des Yaba, village de
±ǤͷιͶͳǯιʹ͵ǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19391 (P); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 2 March
ͳͻͺͳȋϐǡȌǡStäuble 1/ 15 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 27 December 1981 (fr), Stäuble 13/ 447 (G); Taï. 5°52’N
ιʹǯǡ ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Stäuble 14/ 485 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 20 November 1981 (fr), Stäuble 2/ 362
(G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 20 November 1981 (fr), Stäuble 23/ 362ȋ ȌǢÃǤͷιͷʹǯιʹǯǡͶ ͳͻͺͳȋϐȌǡ
Stäuble 25/ 37ȋ ȌǢÃǤͷιͷʹǯιʹǯǡʹͳ ͳͻͺʹȋϐȌǡStäuble 5/ 485 (G); Man: F.C. Scio, Pinhou, Lobykro
ͷǡ ͵Ͳ ͳͶ͵ǡʹͲͲ ǤιͷͲǯιͶʹǯǡ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡ
Nusbaumer 766 (G); F.C. Scio, Pinhou, Lobykro à 5 km, bloc 28 Parcelle 141 de la Sodefor, près d’un champ à
ʹͲͲ ǤιͷͲǯιͶʹǯǡͳ͵ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡNusbaumer 783 (G); Man. 7°24’N 7°35’W,
14 March 1931 (fr), Aubréville SF 1057 (P); Ǧ±ǣͶιͶͶǯι͵ǯǡͳͻͲͲȋϐǡȌǡThoiré 63
(P); San Pedro. 4°44’N 6°37’W, 16 September 1900 (fr), Thoiré 101 (P); Forêt Classée de Monogaga. 4°48.70’N
6°26.20’W. Alt: 20m, 3 December 1997 (fr), Jongkind 4128 (WAG); ±: Soubré. 5°47’N 6°36’W, 14 March
ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡKnecht 688ȋ ȌǢ±Ǧͳͷǯ±Ǥι͵ͷǯιͳͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡBamps 2168
(BR,WAG); 43 km E. of Soubré 4 km S.E. of Guédéyo. 5°42’N 6°16’W. Alt: 150m, 16 December 1958 (fr),
Leeuwenberg 2176 (B,EA,K,WAG,Z); Tabou: Tabou. 4°25’N 7°21’W, 26 November 1961 (fr), Unknown s.n. (G);
ʹͲǡ ʹͲͲǤͶιʹͻǯιͳǯǡͳͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBurg, W.J. van der 871
(BR,FR,MO,WAG); 17 km N of Grabo. 5°02’N 7°30’W, 14 April 1974 (st), Breteler 7420 (BR,MO,WAG); Grabo.
Ͷιͷͷǯι͵Ͳǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19628 (P); pays des Tépo, village de Taté. 4°47’N 7°33’W,
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19798 (P); Vavoua: F.C. du Haut-Sassandra, Nord, relevé FNK15, 7°18’N
ιͲͳǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͻͷȋϐǡȌǡKouamé 1408 (CSRS,G).
LIBERIA, Gbarpoluǣ Ǥ ǤιʹʹǤͲǯͳͲιʹͲǤͺǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡ
Jongkind 10121 (BR,MO,WAG); Kpelle Forest. South of Gainkpa. 7°17.3’N 10°21.2’W. Alt: 340m, 17 December
2010 (fr), Jongkind 10218 (WAG); Grand Bassaǣ ǡ Ǥ ͻ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Voorhoeve
65 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ Ǥ ͷιͶͲǯ ͻι͵ͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Voorhoeve 700 (WAG); 5°53’N 10°03’W, 10
ͳͺͻȋϐǡȌǡDinklage 1849ȋȌǢͷιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǡʹͶ ͳͺͻȋϐȌǡDinklage 1856 (B); Zolotown.
ιʹͶǯ ͻι͵ͷǯǡ ͳ͵ ͳͻͷͺ ȋϐȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 16404 (P); Grand Cape Mount: Near Bendu., 6°38’N
ͳͳιͳͳǯǡʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 5448 (WAG); Robertsport 6°45’N 11°22’W, 28 December 1947 (st),
Baldwin jr 10924 (K); Grand Gedeh: east of Tiama Town. 5°38.3’N 8°07.7’W. Alt: 280m, 30 May 2005 (fr),
Jongkind 6530 (WAG); Webo, Gwabia 5°16’N 7°53’W, 26 July 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 6710 (K); Grebo Forest.
ͷιʹͶǯιͶͶǯǤǣʹͲͲǡͳͲ ʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡJongkind 7253 (WAG); Monroviatown 6°14’N 8°26’W, 10
August 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 8005 (K); Lofa: 8 miles W of Peahtah across St Pauls River 7°12’N 10°02’W, 11
October 1926 (st), Linder, D.H. 1009 (K); North Lorma National Forest. 8°02’N 9°44’W, 20 November 2005
ȋϐȌǡJongkind 6700ȋǡ ǡǡ ȌǢ ǤιʹǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹ ʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡJongkind 7102 (WAG);
Vonjama. 8°25’N 9°45’W, 22 October 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 9918 (K); Genna Loffa 7°54’N 9°59’W, 2 November
1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10078 (K); Tawata 7°18’N 10°17’W, November 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10285 (K); near
3.7 Materials and Methods
Kondessu. 7°40’N 10°04’W, 15 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10670 (K); Ba, Mano River, near boundary with
Grand Cape Mount. 7°40’N 10°45’W, 18 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10702 (K); Montserrado: Within
ʹͲ Ǥ ι͵ʹǯ ͳͲιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻͲͶ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Whyte, A. s.n. (K); Monrovia. 6°19’N 10°48’W, August
ͳͺͻͺȋϐȌǡDelafosse s.n. (P); Banks of Farmington River. 6°14’N 10°18’W, 23 December 1943 (st), Bequaert
(Liberia series) 5ȋȌǢͳǤιͶʹǯͳͲιͷ͵ǯǡ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLemckert 7 (WAG); Firestone
ǡͳ͵Ǥιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹͶǯǡͳͶͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡStoop - v.d. Kasteele 159 (MO,WAG); Gola National
ǡ ǤιͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 187 (WAG); Gola National Forest,
ǤιͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 188 (WAG); University Forest 16 miles N.
of Monrovia. 6°24’N 10°39’W, 14 November 1969 (fr), Jansen, J.W.A. 1689 (WAG); Bomi Hills. (High forest.
ȌǤ ιͷ͵ǯ ͳͲιͶǯǡ ͻ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Jansen, J.W.A. 2232 (WAG); Monrovia. 6°19’N 10°48’W, 22
ͳͻʹ͵ȋϐȌǡDinklage 2869 (Z); : National Forest, 18 miles N. of Tapeta. 6°45’N 8°52’W, 15
February 1961 (fr), Voorhoeve 175 (WAG); Nimba County. Road from Tappeta to Ganta 2.5 km N. of Tappeta.
Ǥι͵ͳǯͺιͷͳǯǡʹͲ ͳͻȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 457ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ
ιʹͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǤǣͷͲͲǡ͵ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡAdames 618 (K,UPS); Gbau 7°01’N 8°43’W, 22 September 1947
ȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 9418ȋǡȌǢǤιͳͻǯͺιͶǯǡ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 13716 (C); Mont Nimba.
ι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͷͲͲǡͳͷ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20114 (K,UPS); Mt Nimba. 7°35’N 8°32’W. Alt:
ͷͲͲǡͷ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20428ȋȌǢǤι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡAdam,
J.-.G. 24224 ȋȌǢ ǦϐǤ Ǥ ι͵ͷǯ ͺι͵ʹǯǡ ͺ ͳͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 24757 (C);
±±ǤǤ Ǥι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 25153 (C,P,UPS,WAG); Sino:
20 miles N. of Sinoe. 5°16’N 9°01’W, 16 January 1969 (fr), Jansen, J.W.A. 1087 (WAG); Sapo NP, buffer zone,
around Safari Camp on short distance of Sinoe River. 5°20.7’N 8°48.0’W. Alt: 115m, 22 November 2002 (fr),
Jongkind 5291 (BR,WAG); Babooni road not too far from main road. 5°31’N 8°37’W. Alt: 160m, 12 March 2009
ȋϐȌǡJongkind 8953 (WAG); Sinoe Co. Sangwin 5°13’N 9°21’W, 9 March 1948 (st), Baldwin jr 11312 (K); Kulo.
ͷιͲͲǯͺιͷͲǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 11399 (K).
, ǣȋϐȌǡMarmo 220 (K); : Bumbuna. 9°03’N 11°44’W. Alt: 650m,
ͳͶ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 3118ȋȌǢǤͺιͷʹǯͳͳιͶͻǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W.
3494 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͻιͲ͵ǯ ͳͳιͶͶǯǤ ǣ ͷͲǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 3817 (K); Bumbuna.
ͻιͲ͵ǯ ͳͳιͶͶǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͳͶ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 3828 (K); Roniester. 8°23’N 11°54’W. Alt: 76m, 17
ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 5287 (FHO); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 400m, 18 September 1964 (st),
Jaeger, P. 7524 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 400m, 18 September 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7538 (P); Loma.
9°10’N 11°07’W, 24 December 1965 (st), Jaeger, P. 8675 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 26 May 1966 (fr), Jaeger,
P. 9068 (G,P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 540m, 26 March 1966 (st), Jaeger, P. 9623 (P); Southern Province:
ȋϐȌǡThomas, D.G. 117 (FHO).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson,
Dalziel & Keay (1954).
Campylospermum squamosum (DC.) Farron
Fig. ʹ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965). – Gomphia squamosa DC., Ann. Mus. Natl.
Hist. Nat. 17: 418 (1811). – Ouratea squamosa (DC.) Engl., Fl. Bras. 12(2): 318 (1876). –
Monelasmum squamosum (DC.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (1902). – Type:
Hb Lamarck s.n., P00295250 (holotype: P!), Tabago [erroneous origin].
Monelasmum spiciforme Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (1902). – Ouratea
spiciformeȋǤȌǤǡǤǤ Ǥ ǤͳͲͻȋͳͻʹͲȌǤȂǣ Chevalier
551ȋǣǨȌǡǡ±±ǡͳͺͻͻǤ
Exomicrum djallonense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Type: Paroisse
211 (holotype: P!), Guinea, Fouta Djallon, Bramayr, aux bords du Koukouri, 1893.
Monelasmum djallonense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 329 (1902). – Type:
Heudelot 945 (holotype: P!; isotype K!), Sénégambie, près du Fouta Djallon, 1837.
Monelasmum discolor Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 329 (1902). – Type: Morson
3
ǤʹͲͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤʹͲʹ
s.n. (holotype: not located, apparently «in Herb. Brown»), Sierra Leone.
ϔ Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Paroisse
149 (holotype: P!), Guinée, 1893.
Monelasmum heudelotii Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 329 (1902). – Type: Heudelot
745 (holotype: P; isotype: FHO!, G!, K(2x)!), Sénégambie, près du Fouta Djallon, février
1837.
Monelasmum konakrense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type:
Maclaud s.n. (holotype: P!), Guinée, Konakry, 1897.
Monelasmum maclaudii Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Maclaud
s.n. (holotype: P!), Guinée, Konakry, 1897.
Monelasmum paroissei Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 332 (1902). – Type: Paroisse
43 (holotype: P!), Guinée, Bogoutigny, 1893.
Monelasmum persistens Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 331 (1902). – Type: Pobeguin
28 (holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, Petit-Lahon, janvier 1895.
Tree, rarely scandent, ͳͲ , with branched stem; twigs with brownish
bark. Stipules persistent, triangular, 1–3 mm. Leaf: petiole ʹȂ long, slender
to fairly stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or sometimes narrowly ellipticobovate, ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂͳȋȂʹͳȌ ȋʹȂȌ͵ȂͶǤͷȋȂͷǤͷȌ , ratio ʹǤͶȂ͵Ǥ, base cuneate, apex
acute to slightly acuminate, parchmentaceous to coriaceous, not or rarely slightly
bullate, margin serrulate but entire toward the base, glossy medium to dark green
above, glossy paler green below; venation: midrib prominent or slightly so on both
sides, main lateral veins 9–16 on either side, ͶȂͳͷ, prominent above, not
prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib and curved upward, intermediate
lateral veins 0–1 in between each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform or
sometimes reticulate along the midrib, perpendicular to the midrib, distinct on both
sides. ϔ terminal or rarely axillary, branched, lax, its main axis ȋͷȂȌͳͲȂ
ͳͻȋȂʹȌ ; pairwise scales minute, persistent at the base of the peduncle;
racemes ͳȂͷ, ʹȂͳͷȋȂʹȌ ǡ ά horizontally; cymules ͲǤͷȂͳ ǡ
ͳȂ͵Ǧϐ; bracts persistent, triangular, 1–2 mm long. Flower: pedicel 4–13(–18)
mm long, articulated at ͳȂ͵ȋȂͷȌǢǡϐ
5–8 x 1.5–2.5 mm, in fruit 6–9 x 3–4 mm, coriaceous, base truncate, apex acute; petals
obovate, ȂͳͳȋȂͳ͵Ȍ ͷȂȋȂͳͳȌ , shortly clawed at base, rounded at apex;
stamens: anthers 3–6 mm; ovary c. 1 mm long; styles 4–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle
3–5 mm wide; drupelets 1–3 per receptacle, ± reniform to subglobose, 5–6 x 4–5 mm;
cotyledons incumbent, ± similar in size.
Notesǣϐ ǡC. squamosum ϐ
may resemble C. congestumȋ ϐ Ȍ
an elliptic leaf blade, a serrulate margin and prominent main lateral veins. However, C.
congestum ǡ ϐ
A
C
ʹǤ Campylospermum squamosum. A. Leaf blade. B. Young plant. C. Flowering and fruiting branch. . Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ʹͺ. Distribution of Campylospermum squamosum
3.7 Materials and Methods
B
3
ǤʹͲ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤʹͲͶ
tertiary venation. It also resembles C. reticulatum, but that species has dissimilar
cotyledons (small outer cotyledon), a tertiary venation that is markedly darker than the
surrounding leaf mass and caducous stipules that are generally much longer.
Distribution: from Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and western Ivory
Coast (Map ʹͺ).
Ecology: in primary and secondary forest, in gallery forest or rarely in palm tree forest,
on slopes or along streams; on rocky and lateritic soil; at 15–1615 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Vernacular names: Sierra Leone: Bunje, Etorai, Goboe, Yonibaua.
UsesǣϐǤ ǡ
the drum-head on to hollow log drums, while the bark is used in poultices for topical
application to areas of pain in the body (Burkill 1997).
IUCN conservation statusǣ Ǥ αͲͷǡͲ 2ǡ αʹͻǡͳ 2ǡ αͳͶ
ȋ αͳʹȌǤ
in Liberia and Taï in Ivory Coast. It is well represented in herbaria, suggesting it is not
uncommon, and has several recent collections. Thus the category of Least Concern
seems the most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
, ǣ ͳͺͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Maclaud 34 ȋȌǢ ± Ǥ ͳͺͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Paroisse 149 (P); french
ǤȋϐȌǡFarmar 209ȋǡȌǢȋϐȌǡFarmar 227 (BM,K); ±: 10°56’N 14°18’W, April 1899 (fr), Paroisse
45 (P); ConakryǣǤͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡLecerf s.n.ȋȌǢǤͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡȋϐȌǡ
Maclaud s.n. ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͻι͵ʹǯ ͳ͵ιͶͳǯǤ ǣ ͷǡ ͳ ͳͻͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Debeaux 309 (BM,K,P,US); Iles de
Ǥͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 12085 (LY); Ile de Los. 9°31’N 13°43’W, February
ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 12103ȋȌǢ Ǥͻι͵ͳǯͳ͵ιͶ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͲͷȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 12117
(P); ǣ Ǥ ͳͳιͷͺǯ ͳͲιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Pobéguin (Guinea series) 827 (K,P); Faranahǣ
ǡ ǤͻιͲͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͶͶȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 105ȋȌǢ ǡ
source du Niger. 9°05’N 10°45’W, 18 October 1944 (fr), Jaeger, P. 149 (P); Faranah ESE. 10°02’N 10°45’W, 30
ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡRoberty 17246ȋ ȌǢ ǤͻιͶǯͳͲι͵ͺǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B.
20479 (P); Kindia: Plantation de la Ouatama, bord de la Ouatamba (Friguiagbé). 9°57’N 12°56’W, 29 March
1937 (fr), Chillou 97 (WAG); Dalaba. 29 March 1939 (fr), Chillou 1205 (COI,K); French guinea: Friguiagbe.
9°57’N 12°56’W, 26 April 1939 (st), Chillou 1292 (BR,P); Kakoulima. 9°46’N 13°27’W, February 1945 (st),
Schnell 2460 (P); cercle de Kindia. 10°04’N 12°51’W, March 1905 (fr), Chevalier, A.J.B. 13109 (LY); Telimélé
W. 10°56’N 13°25’W, 26 April 1955 (fr), Roberty 17627 (G); Telimélé W. 10°56’N 13°25’W, 26 April 1955
ȋϐȌǡRoberty 17629 (G); ±ǣǤͳͳι͵Ͳǯͳʹι͵Ͳǯǡͳͺ͵ͺȋϐȌǡHeudelot 741 (BM,K); près de Fouta
Ǥͳͳι͵Ͳǯͳʹι͵Ͳǯǡͳͺ͵ȋϐȌǡHeudelot 745 (BM,FHO,G,K,P); Senegambia. 11°30’N 12°30’W, 1837 (st),
Heudelot 948 (K); Fouta Djallon. 12°05’N 12°18’W, December 1944 (st), Schnell 2326 (P); Mamou: Timbo.
10°38’N 11°50’W, February 1910 (fr), Boué 78ȋ ȌǢǤͳͳιͲʹǯͳʹιʹǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐȌǡ
Jacques-Félix 674ȋȌǢ±ǤͳͲιͳǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡʹͻ ͳͺͺͷȋϐȌǡPobéguin 1140 (P); Fouta Djallon, 17
ǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͳʹιͳǯǤǣͳͲͲǡ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡLangdale-Brown 2630 (BR,K); Fouta Djallon,
ǤͳͲιͶ͵ǯͳʹιͳǯǤǣͳͲ͵ǡͺ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLangdale-Brown 2637 (BR,K); Dalaba. 10°42’N
ͳʹιͳͷǯǡ ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡSchnell 4658ȋȌǢǤͳͲιͳͷǯͳʹιͲ͵ǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡRoberty 10646
ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ͳͲιͳͻǯ ͳʹιͳͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 18196 (P); ±±±: Bac du Diani.
ιͶͷǯͺιͶͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBouquet, A. s.n. (NEU); c. 2 km N of Kpaya 35 km NW of N’zérékoré.
ιͷͻǤͺǯ ͻιͲʹǤ͵ͶǯǤ ǣ ͷʹͷǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐȌǡ Koenen 132 (WAG); 1.5 km N of Kpaya 35 km NW of
ǯ±±±Ǥ ιͷͺǤͶͻǯ ͻιͲʹǤͷ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͷ͵Ͳǡ ʹͷ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Koenen 133 (WAG); 1.5 km N of Bowé.
7°47.52’N 9°09.92’W. Alt: 400m, 27 April 2011 (fr), Koenen 135 (WAG); East of Yomou. 7°34.6’N 9°14.6’W.
ǣ͵ͻͲǡͳͺ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡYonon Botanic Team 163 (WAG); Mt. Yonon. 8°04.01’N 9°03.68’W. Alt: 560m,
5 February 2012 (fr), Simons, E.L.A.N. 820 (MO,WAG); Mt. Yonon. 7°58.0’N 9°06.9’W. Alt: 681m, 6 February
3.7 Materials and Methods
ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡSimons, E.L.A.N. 824ȋ ȌǢǤͺιͳͶǯͻιʹʹǯǡͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡSchnell 2627 (P); Nzérekoré, Mts
Ǥ ι͵ǯ ͺιʹͷǯǤ ǣ ͳʹͷͲǡ ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 3131 (P); Macenta. 8°33’N 9°28’W, 13
ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 3276 (P); Nimba Mountains, between Camp 1 (Mifergui) and Zougué River.
ιͶͳǤͺǯͺιʹ͵ǤͺǯǤǣͲǡʹͻʹͲͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 7368 (WAG); Nimba Mountain. 7°37’N 8°25’W,
ͳ͵ ͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 7458 (P); Nimba Mountains, east slope of range. 7°39.25’N 8°22.58’W. Alt:
1475m, 16 June 2007 (fr), Jongkind 7692 (P,WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon. 7°59.6’N 9°05.1’W. Alt: 760m,
6 May 2011 (fr), Jongkind 10627 (WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon. 7°58.4’N 9°06.8’W. Alt: 640m, 14 May
2011 (fr), Jongkind 10789 (BR,WAG); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon. 7°59.0’N 9°06.1’W. Alt: 770m, 21 May 2011
ȋϐȌǡJongkind 10896ȋǡ ǡǡǡ ȌǢǤι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͳʹͲͲǡʹͲͳͻͲȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 25583
(K); Nimba Mountains, plot JRTH01, both sides of the road between Mifergui cité 1 and cité 2. 7°41.82’N
ͺιʹ͵ǤʹǯǤǣ͵ǡͶ ʹͲͲȋϐǡȌǡNimba Botanic Team JR 1180 (WAG); Nimba mountains, plot
ʹͲǤι͵ͻǤǯͺιʹʹǤ͵ͳǯǤǣͳͳͷǡͻ ʹͲͲͺȋϐǡȌǡNimba Botanic Team WD 733 (WAG).
Ǧ , Bafatáǣ Ǥ ͳʹιͳ͵ǯ ͳͶι͵ͷǯǡ ͳͻ͵͵ ȋϐȌǡ Espirito Santo 464 ȋ ȌǢ ǡ
ǤͳʹιͲǯͳͶι͵ͺǯǡʹͳͳͻͳȋϐȌǡAlves Pereira 1810ȋǡȌǢǡïǤ
ͳʹιͳͶǯ ͳͶι͵ǯǡ ͵ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐȌǡ Espirito Santo 3748 ȋǡ ǡǡ ȌǢ ǡ
ǤͳʹιͳͷǯͳͶιͶͷǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo 3806 (COI,K,LISC,WAG); Bijagós: Arguipélago
×ǡǡ ǤͳͳιͳǯͳͷιͶͻǯǡͻ ͳͻͻͷȋϐȌǡ
Vidigal 265 (LISC); Bolama, sector de caravela. Ilha Formosa. Perto de Abu. 11°28’N 15°56’W, 26 April 2000
ȋϐȌǡCatarino 759ȋ ǡ ȌǢǦǤͳͳιͳǯͳͷιͷͲǯǡͶͳͻͶͷȋϐǡȌǡEspirito Santo 2015
ȋ ǡǡ ȌǢǤͳͳιͳͶǤͲͲǯͳͷιͶʹǤ͵Ͳǯǡ͵ ʹͲͲͶȋϐȌǡMalaisse 15946 (BR);
Biomboǣǡ×ǤͳͳιͷͶǯͳͷιͶͳǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo 1900 (COI,K,WAG);
BissauǣǤͳͳιͶͺǯͳͷιͳͶǯǡ͵ ͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo 1851 (COI); 11°48’N 15°14’W, 9 March
ͳͻͶͷȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo 1859 (K,WAG); Gabu: entre Canjadudi et Ichetche. 12°00’N 14°12’W, 21 February
ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡEspirito Santo 2904 (COI); Tombali: Cantanhez, Mata de Cassacunda. 11°18’N 15°25’W, 2 June 1995
ȋϐȌǡMartins, E.S. 1066ȋ ȌǢ ǤͳͳιͲͺǯͳͶιͷǯǡͳͻ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡAlves Pereira 2860 (MA).
IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ ²±Ǥͷι͵ͻǯ͵ι͵ͷǯǤǣͺͲǡʹͳͻͻȋϐȌǡJongkind
4084 (BP,FHO,IAGB,MO,WAG); Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N 4°07’W, 5 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7012 (P); ±:
Ǥ ǡι͵ǯͺιʹͷǯǡ ͳͻͺͻȋϐǡȌǡGautier, L. 1170 (CSRS,G); Mount Nimba.
ι͵ǯͺιʹͷǯǤǣͳʹͷͲǡͳ͵ ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡGeerling 1688 (C,K,WAG); Sangouiné. 7°18’N 7°48’W,
ʹʹ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBamps 2355 (BR); Momy, Mts des Dans, 40 km N of Danané. 7°23’N 8°05’W. Alt: 1100m,
͵Ͳ ͳͻͺͶȋϐȌǡHepper 7926 (K); Guigloǣ±ǤιͲͻǯι͵ͳǯǡͳͺ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡBakayoko 55
ȋ ǡ ȌǢͳͲǡ±ǤͷιͶͻǯιʹ͵ǯǤǣͳ͵Ͳǡͺ ͳͻͷͻȋϐǡȌǡLeeuwenberg 3021
ȋǡ ȌǢ ÃǤ ͷιͷʹǯ ιʹǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Stäuble 210/ 3 (G); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W, 4 March 1982
ȋϐȌǡ Stäuble 26/ 38 ȋ ȌǢ ÃǤ ͷιͷʹǯ ιʹǯǡ ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Stäuble 67/ 75 (G); Man: Mont Tonkoui
ȋȌǤιʹǯι͵ͻǯǡʹͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 913 (WAG); Mont Tonkoui. 7°27’N 7°39’W, 18
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBamps 2327ȋȌǢǡǤιʹǯι͵ͺǯǤǣͷͲǡͶ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡ
Leeuwenberg 2950ȋǡ ǡȌǢǤιʹʹǯιͶʹǯǡ ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡSchnell 4150 (P); Toukoui. 7°22’N
ιͶʹǯǡ ͳͻͷͲȋϐȌǡSchnell 4186 (P); Mont Tonkoui. 7°22’N 7°42’W, 14 August 1954 (fr), Jaeger, P. 4761
ȋȌǢǤǡǤιʹǯι͵ͻǯǤǣͳͳͲͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͺͶȋϐǡȌǡHepper 7776 (BR,K,WAG);
ȋȌǤιʹǯι͵ͺǯǡͻ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡWit, H.C.D. de 9148 (WAG); Le Tonkorey. 7°27’N
ι͵ͻǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͷͶȋϐȌǡRoberty 15822ȋ ȌǢǤιʹͷǯι͵ͷǯǡͻ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡAubréville
SF 1017 (P); Tabouǣ͵Ǥ±ǤͶιͶͳǯιͳǯǡ͵ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡAké Assi 12080 (K); Touba: Yo près de
ǤͺιͳͺǯιͶͲǯǡ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡBouquet, A. BD s.n. (NEU).
LIBERIA, ǣ June 1877 (fr), Carder s.n. (K); Kasia, 4 March 1944 (st), Bequaert (Liberia series) 118
ȋȌǢͳͺͻͷȋϐǡȌǡCook, O.F. 129 (US); BongǣǤǤιͲͳǯͻι͵Ͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͷʹȋϐǡȌǡBlickenstaff 7
(C,COI,G,K,UPS,US); hill north-east of Gbarnga, close to Farvay. 7°14.4’N 9°18.6’W. Alt: 420m, 31 May 2011 (fr),
Yonon Botanic Team 11ȋ ȌǢ ǤιͶͲǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡStoop-v.d. Kasteele 25 (LIB,MO,WAG);
ǤιͶͲǯͳͲιͲͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡStoop-v.d. Kasteele 26 (LIB,MO,WAG); 3 miles NE of Suacoco. 7°01’N
9°33’W, 7 March 1951 (st), Konneh 136 (K); Peahtah. 7°12’N 9°57’W, 7 October 1926 (st), Linder, D.H. 945
ȋǡȌǢǡ͵ʹǤιͶͺǯͳͲιʹͳǯǤǣʹͷͲǡͳͳͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡLeeuwenberg 4936
(B,K,MO,P,WAG); Geo. 7°11’N 9°40’W, 7 December 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 10558 (K); Grand Bassa: near Yazoo
ǡ Ǥ Ǥ ιʹͳǯ ͻι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͲ ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐȌǡ Mayer, K.R. 225 (US); 22 miles N. of
ǡǤιͲͶǯͻιͷͳǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1864 (WAG); Cestos-Sanguin
ǡǯǡ ǤͷιʹͻǤͶǯͻιʹ͵ǤͲǯǤǣͲǡ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡ
Jongkind 5640 (WAG); Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.4’N
3
ǤʹͲͷ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤʹͲ
9°23.0’W. Alt: 60m, 6 December 2002 (fr), Jongkind 5651 (WAG); Grand Cape Mount: Robertsport 2 miles
east of Hotel Victoria, Grand Cape Mount County. 6°44’N 11°21’W, 11 January 1978 (st), Gier 108 (MO,WAG);
Grand Cape Mountains near Robertsport. 6°44.91’N 11°21.90’W. Alt: 130m, 28 July 2004 (st), Jongkind 6139
(BR,WAG); Grand Cape Mountains near Robertsport. 6°45’N 11°22’W. Alt: 60m, 28 July 2004 (st), Jongkind
6164 (BR,G,WAG); Grand Gedeh: Grand Gedeh county, south of Putu, near Kanweake. 5°30’N 8°03’W, 19
ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bos, J.J. 2902 (BAS,BR,K,LIB,MO,WAG); east slope of the Putu Hills East Range west of
Tiama Town. 5°39’N 8°09’W. Alt: 250m, 20 May 2005 (fr), Jongkind 6242 (WAG); Putu Hills, East Range, East
Ǥͷι͵ͻǤ͵ǯͺιͳͲǤͷǯǤǣͶͻͲǡͳ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9093 (MO,WAG); Putu Hills, East Range.
ͷιͶͳǤͳǯ ͺιͲͺǤʹǯǤ ǣ ʹͷǡ ʹͲ ʹͲͳͲ ȋϐȌǡ Jongkind 9154 (BR,COI,G,K,MA,MO,WAG); Lofa: Top of
ǤͺιͲͻǯͻιͷǯǤǣͳ͵ͶͲǡͳʹ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡDillewijn, F.J. van 7 (MO,SL,WAG); Zorzor
area. 7°47’N 9°26’W, 5 March 1969 (st), Woelfel 34 (MO,SL,WAG); Kailahun 8°01’N 10°16’W, 17 February
1944 (st), Bequaert (Liberia series) 63 (K); Top of Mt Wolawisi, near Pandamai. 8°13’N 9°54’W, 2 March
1944 (st), Bequaert (Liberia series) 107 (K); Zorzor-Gbarnga road, W of St. Paul’s river. 7°32’N 9°29’W, 27
ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡBos, J.J. 2159 (K,LIB,WAG); between Ziggida and Mt Wonegisi. 8°01.7’N 9°31.6’W. Alt: 540m,
ͳͲ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9421 (WAG); Montserrado: Within 20 miles of Kakatown. 6°32’N 10°21’W,
ͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡWhyte, A. s.n.ȋȌǢǤιʹͲǯͳͲιͶǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡWhyte, A. s.n. (K); 6°19’N
ͳͲιͶͺǯǡȋϐȌǡStraub, F.C. 9ȋȌǢ Ǥ͵͵ǤιͳͻǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳ͵ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡStoop - v.d.
Kasteele 41 (BR,LIB,MO,SL,WAG); New University Site, Careysburgh, 35 km of Monrovia. 6°24’N 10°34’W, 13
September 1963 (st), Harten 78ȋ ȌǢǡιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹʹǯǡͳͶ ͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡCooper, G.P.
182ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢ Ǥ Ǥ ǤιͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡʹͶͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡStoop - v.d. Kasteele
206ȋǡ ȌǢǡ ͵ǤιʹͲǯͳͲιʹͲǯǡͺͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLinder, D.H. 285 (K);
ǤιʹǯͳͲιͶʹǯǤǣͷͲǡͺͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡKoning, J. de 408 (BR,MO,WAG);
ȋϐȌǡStraub, F.C. 440 (US); Bromley. 6°25’N 10°45’W, 23 February 1952 (st), Barker, A.J.D. 1210 (K); Bomi Hills.
ιͷʹǯͳͲιͶͻǯǡͳͲ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1444 (K,WAG); Place 20 miles W. of Bomi Hills, road
ǤιͲͲǯͳͲιͷͲǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1505 (WAG); Duport, 8 miles E. of Monrovia,
former Porrobush. 6°16’N 10°40’W, 16 April 1966 (fr), Bos, J.J. 1871 (BR,HUJ,K,LIB,MO,P,PRE,WAG); Duport,
ͺǤǡǤιͳǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹ͵ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡBos, J.J. 1883 (K,LIB,WAG);
Ǥ ιͷʹǯ ͳͲιͶͻǯǡ ʹ͵ ͳͻʹ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Blyden 2066 (BR,MO,WAG); 6°19’N 10°48’W, 6 May
1910 (fr), Dinklage 2696 ȋǡȌǢ ιͳͻǯ ͳͲιͶͺǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Dinklage 3378 (A); 6°24’N 10°48’W,
ͳͻ͵ͷ ȋϐȌǡ Dinklage 3382 ȋǡǡȌǢ Dz dz ͳͷ Ǥ ǡ
Ǥȋ ȌǤιͳǯͳͲιͶͲǯǡʹʹ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 3638 (B,EA,K,WAG);
near Monrovia 6°19’N 10°48’W, 5 June 1947 (st), Baldwin jr 5900 (K); Montserrado: near Monrovia. 6°19’N
ͳͲιͶͺǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͶͺȋϐǡȌǡBaldwin jr 11086 (K,US,WAG); : In low bush near Ganta. 7°14’N
8°59’W, 12 June 1960 (fr), Louis s.n. (WAG); In low bush near Ganta. 7°14’N 8°59’W, 12 June 1960 (fr), Louis
s.n.ȋ ȌǢȋȌǤͳͲͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡHarley, G.W. s.n. (K); Mt Nimba, point 35. 7°30’N 8°30’W.
ǣͳ͵ͲͲǡ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡAdames 819 (K,UPS); 2 miles S. of Tapita, along road. 6°28’N 8°50’W, 18
ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 893 (WAG); Mt Bili 7°24’N 8°36’W, 25 December 1951 (st), Barker, A.J.D. 1180
ȋȌǢʹͺͳͻ͵ͻȋϐǡȌǡHarley, W.J. 1197ȋ ȌǢͳ ͳͻ͵ͻȋϐǡȌǡHarley, W.J. 1213 (WAG); Ganta 160 miles
ǤǤιͳͶǯͺιͷͻǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1354 (WAG); Lamco. 7°30’N 8°30’W,
ʹͳ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡHarley, W.J. 2202 (K); Upper edge of the forest on Mount Nimba. 7°28’N 8°32’W. Alt:
ͳͲͲͲǡͳͶ ͳͻȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 2402 (LIB,WAG); Forest on Mount Nimba. 7°30’N 8°30’W. Alt: 800m,
ͳͶ ͳͻȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 2405 (K,LIB,WAG); Tapita area, along the road to Ganta. 6°36’N 8°49’W, 10
ͳͻȋϐȌǡBos, J.J. 2631 (LIB,WAG); Nimba Mts. Near Iron mine of Lamco. 7°34’N 8°30’W. Alt: 900m,
ʹͻ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLeeuwenberg 4718ȋ ȌǢǤι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͷͲͲǡͳͺ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡ
Adam, J.-.G. 20159ȋȌǢǤι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͳ͵ͷͲǡͳͻ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20173
ȋȌǢ Ǥ ι͵ʹǯ ͺι͵ʹǯǤ ǣ ͳ͵ͲͲǡ ͳͻ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Adam, J.-.G. 20183 (K,UPS); Mont
Ǥι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͳ͵ͷͲǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 20653 (K,UPS); Mont Nimba, Mt Alpha.
ι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 25140 (C); Sino: Krahn Bassa. 5°45’N 8°55’W, 26 January
1964 (st), Harten 269ȋǡ ȌǢʹͲǤǡͷιͳǯͻιͲͳǯǡͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡJansen, J.W.A. 1091
(WAG); First part of Babooni road walking in the direction of Sapo NP. 5°31’N 8°38’W. Alt: 140m, 5 March
2009 (fr), Jongkind 8809 (BR,WAG); Sangwin 5°13’N 9°21’W, 9 March 1948 (st), Baldwin jr 11316 (K).
MALI, Sikasso: Dianguemerila, Galerie Kaniko. 10°23’N 7°50’W. Alt: 359m, 16 June 2008 (fr), Birnbaum 1326
(BRLU,IFAN,K,P).
, CasamanceǣǤͳʹι͵ʹǯͳιʹͳǯǡͷ ͳͻͺʹȋϐȌǡVanden Berghen 5217 (BR); Boukitingo, près
d’Oussouye. 12°27’N 16°36’W, 1 August 1982 (fr), Vanden Berghen 5309 (BR); Bissine. 12°32’N 15°58’W, 1
3.7 Materials and Methods
ͳͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Berhaut 5916 ȋȌǢ ȋȌǤ ͳʹιͶǯ ͳιͳͺǯǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Berhaut
7201 (BR); Ziguinchor: région d’Oussouye: Loudia. 12°31’N 16°36’W, 30 July 1963 (fr), Berhaut 6199
(BR); Boukitimgo. 12°27’N 16°35’W, 17 February 1964 (fr), Berhaut 7017 (BR); région de Sédhiou. 12°42’N
ͳͷι͵͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBerhaut 7155 (BR); région d’Oussouye: kaème. 12°21’N 16°36’W, 19 March 1964
ȋϐȌǡBerhaut 7236 (BR).
, ǣ (st), Afzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS);
ȋϐǡȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐǡȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢȋϐǡȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n.ȋȌǢͳͺȋϐǡȌǡϔǡ
T. s.n. (K); 1843 (fr), Vogel, J.R.T. 86ȋȌǢʹ ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡMarmo 219 (K); 1892 (fr), Scott Elliot 5811 (HUH);
ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8838ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8877 (K); 1915 (st), Thomas, N.W. 8932 (K); 1915
ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 8965 ȋȌǢ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 8986 ȋȌǢ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐȌǡ Thomas, N.W. 9175 ȋȌǢ ͳͻͳͷ ȋϐǡ
fr), Thomas, N.W. 9193ȋ ȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 9219ȋȌǢͳͶͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡThomas, N.W. T 98
(FHO); Eastern ProvinceǣʹͲͳͻͲȋϐȌǡSmythe, C.W. 15 (K); Nongowa Chiefetow. 7°38’N 11°24’W, 9
ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡPyne 92ȋǡȌǢ ȋȌǤιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡʹͶͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBakshi 189
(K); Lower Neaboi valley, Kambui Hills Forest Reserve. Line 8 lower Neaboi Block. 7°50’N 11°15’W, 13 April
ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡSamai 510ȋȌǢǤιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͳʹ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡSmall, D. 511 (K,P); Nongowa.
ιͷʹǯ ͳͳιͳʹǯǡ ͳͲ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐȌǡ Jordan, H.D. 1006 (K); Baoma. 8°05’N 11°14’W, 14 December 1937
ȋϐȌǡDeighton 3472ȋȌǢǤιͷʹǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 7504 (K); Kennema.
7°52’N 11°12’W, 20 January 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 7561 (K); Kennema. 7°52’N 11°12’W, 20 January 1915
ȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 7613ȋȌǢǤιͷʹǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 7696 (K); Tingi Mountains, to
the W. of and below the camp. 8°55’N 10°47’W, 13 April 1965 (st), Morton, J.K. SL 1936 (K,WAG);
ProvinceǣǤͺιͲʹǯͳͲιͶʹǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡAylmer 15 (K); Bintumane peak. 9°13’N 11°07’W. Alt:
ͳʹʹͷǡͳͲ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡJones, T.S. 118ȋȌǢǤͺιʹͲǯͳʹιͳͺǯǡʹͷ ͳͻʹͻȋϐȌǡGlanville 141
ȋȌǢȋǤȌǤͺιͷǯͳͲιͶͺǯǤǣͳ͵ʹǡ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡCole, N.H.A. 160 (K,P);
ǤͺιͶͲǯͳʹιʹ͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡJordan, H.D. 207 (K); Pendambu. 7°45’N 11°12’W. Alt: 91m, 3
July 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 782ȋȌǢǤͺιͶͶǯͳͳιͷͷǯǤǣͳͷʹǡʹ͵ ͳͻͳͶȋϐǡȌǡThomas, N.W.
1093 (K); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 29 August 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1291 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 6 September
1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1489 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1600m, 8 September 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1543 (P);
Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1300m, 8 September 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1560 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 11
September 1945 (st), Jaeger, P. 1603ȋȌǢǤͺιͷǯͳͳιͷͻǯǤǣͳͷͺǡʹͷͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas,
N.W. 1784ȋȌǢǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲǯǤǣͺͲͲǡʹͳ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 4000 (P); , 8°26’N 12°14’W,
͵Ͳ ͳͻͳͶȋϐǡȌǡThomas, N.W. 4094ȋȌǢǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡJaeger, P.
4144 (P); 8°26’N 12°14’W, 30 October 1914 (st), Thomas, N.W. 4196 (K); 8°26’N 12°14’W, 30 October 1914
ȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 4219 (K); 8°31’N 12°17’W, 2 November 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 4620 (K); , 8°26’N 12°14’W,
ͳͳͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 4669ȋȌǢͺιʹǯͳʹιͳͶǯǡͳʹͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 4823
(K); Yoni Bana. 8°26’N 12°14’W. Alt: 98m, 11 November 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 5199 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N
ͳʹιͶʹǯǡȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 6007ȋȌǢǤͺιͶͶǯͳʹιͶʹǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡͺ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W.
6298 (K); Magbile. 8°44’N 12°42’W. Alt: 30m, 8 December 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 6382 (K); Port Lokoh.
ͺιͶǯͳʹιͶǯǤǣͳͷǡͳͷ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 6590 (K); Kumrabai. 8°32’N 12°06’W. Alt:
ͳͷǡȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 6744 (K); Kumrabai BS. 8°32’N 12°06’W. Alt: 15m, (st), Thomas, N.W. 6841 (K); Mont
ǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲǯǤǣͳ͵ͲͲǡʹͷ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 6867 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1600m,
2 August 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7014ȋȌǢǤͺι͵ʹǯͳʹιͲǯǤǣͳͷǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas,
N.W. 7091ȋȌǢǤͺι͵ʹǯͳʹιͲǯǤǣͳͷǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 7105 (K); Loma.
9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1550m, 14 August 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7138 (P); Loma Mountains. 9°32’N 11°22’W.
ǣͳͲͲǡͳͷͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJaeger, P. 7147 (K,P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1600m, 15 August 1964
ȋϐȌǡ Jaeger, P. 7148 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W, 18 September 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7536 (P); Loma. 9°10’N
11°07’W. Alt: 1400m, 27 September 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7662 (P); Loma. 9°10’N 11°07’W. Alt: 1100m, 10
October 1964 (st), Jaeger, P. 7794ȋȌǢǡǤͻιͳͲǯͳͳιͲǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡJaeger, P.
8447ȋ ȌǢǤͻιͳǯͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹʹ ͳͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 23237 (WAG); Mont Loma. 9°16’N
ͳͳιͳʹǯǡʹ ͳͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 23390 (C); Mt Loma. 9°16’N 11°12’W. Alt: 460m, 8 February 1966
ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Adam, J.-.G. 23616 (C); Loma mountains, near camp 1 on slopes above Kurubonla. 9°09’N 11°13’W,
ʹͻ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 354 (K,WAG); Foraya village, near Lake Sonfon. 9°15’N 11°27’W, 27
ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Morton, J.K. SL 3448 (K,WAG); Southern Province: Njala. 8°07’N 12°05’W, 21 December
ͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡPyne 75ȋȌǢǦǤιͳͻǯͳͳιͳͺǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡThomas, D.G. 125 (FHO); Sendugu.
ͻιͳͶǯͳʹιͲʹǯǤǣͳͲǡʹʹ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 579 (K); Sendugu. 9°14’N 12°02’W. Alt: 107m,
22 June 1914 (fr), Thomas, N.W. 659ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 8599ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 9249 (K);
3
ǤʹͲ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤʹͲͺ
ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 9284ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 9573ȋȌǢͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 10254 (K); 1915
ȋϐȌǡThomas, N.W. 10260ȋȌǢǤι͵ʹǯͳʹι͵ͳǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 3720
(WAG); Western Areaǣ ͺιʹͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡ ͺ ͳͺͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Barter s.n. (K); Freetown, Guma Dam. 8°22’N
ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǤǣͳͷʹǡʹͲ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡHead, D. 1ȋȌǢϐǤͺιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡʹͲ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡ
Deighton 4ȋȌǢȋ ȌǤǤǤͺιʹͷǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡ
Tindall 14ȋȌǢǣǤͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤǣ͵ʹͲǡͳʹͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡMelville, F.A. 28 (K); near
Ǥͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡʹͳ ͳͺͺ͵ȋϐȌǡJohnston, H.H. 92 (E,K); Heddles Farm (Colomguli). 8°30’N
ͳ͵ιͳͷǯǡͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡLane-Poole 117ȋȌǢ Ǥͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡ ͳͻͳͷȋϐȌǡDalziel 999 (K);
ͺιʹͷǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͳͺͷȋϐǡȌǡBarter 2017 (HUH); Hill station. 8°27’N 13°15’W, 12 March 1935
ȋϐȌǡDeighton 2970ȋǡȌǢǤͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͺ ͳͻͳͳȋϐȌǡScott Elliot 4010 (HUH); freetown,
Ǥͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǤǣͶͷǡʹͶͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡBrenan 9620 (BM,FHO,K); Sugar Loaf. 8°25’N
ͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͷͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡRoberty 17307ȋ ȌǢ Ǥͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǡͳͳͻͷȋϐȌǡAdam, J.-.G. 21288
(C,UPS,WAG); between Hamilton & Sussex where river crosses road, Peninsula. 8°23’N 13°16’W, 26 January
ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 681ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǥͺιʹͻǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 777
ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡ Ǥͺιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͻ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 944 (K,WAG);
ǡ Ǥͺιʹͺǯͳ͵ιͳ͵ǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 975 (WAG); Guma dam.
ͺιʹʹǯ ͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡ ʹ͵ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Morton, J.K. SL 1190 (K); Fourah Bay College. 8°30’N 13°15’W, 3 July
ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 1375 (K,WAG); Guma. 8°22’N 13°12’W, 19 May 1966 (fr), Morton, J.K. SL 3508 (K);
ǡǤͺιͳǯͳ͵ιͳͳǯǡ͵ͲͳͻȋϐȌǡMorton, J.K. SL 3837 (K,WAG); slopes of
Ǥͺιʹǯͳ͵ιͳͶǯǤǣͶͷǡʹͶ ͳͻͶͶȋϐǡȌǡJones, A.P.D. SLFD 627 (FHO).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson,
Dalziel & Keay (1954).
Campylospermum subcordatum (Stapf) Farron
Ǥʹ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 402 (1965). – Gomphia subcordata Stapf, J. Linn. Soc.,
Bot. 37: 88 (1905). – Ouratea subcordataȋȌǤǡϐǤǤ͵ǡʹǣͶͺͻȋͳͻʹͳȌǤ
– Type: A. Whyte s.n. (holotype: K!), Liberia, Montserrado, Kakata, within 20 miles of
Kakatown, 1904.
Treelet of up to 5 m tall, monocaulous or stem sparingly branched; bark brownish.
Stipules caducous, triangular, 3–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 0–5 mm; leaf blade narrowly
spathulate to narrowly elliptic-spathulate, ͳͺȂʹ ͷȂͳͶ , ratio ͶǤͲȂͷǤ, base
narrowly cuneate to subcordate, apex blunt to shortly acuminate, not or slightly bullate,
coriaceous, margin serrulate, the teeth with a black tip, glossy dark green above, paler
green beneath; venation: midrib prominent on both surfaces, main lateral veins ʹͷȂ
͵ͷǡ ȂʹͲ, prominent above, not prominent below, making
ǡ ϐ ǡ
intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between the main ones, prominent or slightly so
above, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the mains lateral veins,
distinct to slightly so on both sides. ϔ axillary; peduncle ʹʹȂͶʹ ,
ϐ, woody, ʹȋȂͶȌ
ʹȂͷ ; leafy bracts oblong, 6–12 x 2–5 cm, base cordate to subcordate,
apex acute; racemes ȋ͵ȂȌͳ͵ȂʹͺȋȂ͵ͷȌ ; pairwise scales persistent at the base of
the raceme, 2–3 mm long; cymules 3–18 mm apart,ͳȂͺȋȂͳʹȌǦϐ; bracts absent.
Flower: pedicel 5–20 mm long, articulating at 2–5 mm from its base; sepals ovate, in
ϐȂͺ͵ȂͶǡͻȂͳͳͶȂǡǢbroadly obovate,
A
E
C
B
ͳ
ʹ
ʹǤ Campylospermum subcordatum. A. Racemes and leafy bracts. B. Leaf blade. C. Stipule. . Petals. E. Anther. F. Flowering branch. ͳ. Seed, cross section.
G2. Incumbent cotyledon. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
ʹͻ. Distribution of Campylospermum subcordatumȋȌCampylospermum umbricola ( )
3.7 Materials and Methods
F
3
ǤʹͲͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
9–12 x 7–10 mm, cuneate at base, rounded at apex; stamens: anthers 4–6 mm long;
ovary 1–2 high; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle 5–8 mm wide; drupelets 2Ȃ4 well
developed per receptacle, broadly ellipsoid, 6–8 x 5–7 mm; cotyledons incumbent,
dissimilar in size, with a small inner cotyledon.
3
ǤʹͳͲ
Notes: This is a very distinctive species, readily recognized by the long to very long
leaves and peduncle carrying two apical leafy bracts and a small bundle of racemes. It
is also reminiscent of C. elongatum and C. klainei ϐ ǡ
it differs from both species by for example having leaves with a cuneate to sometimes
ϐ Ǥ
Distribution: from Guinea, Sierra leone, Liberia and southern half of Ivory Coast (Map
ʹͻ).
Ecology: primary and secondary forest, swamp forest, along forest edges, lagoons and
rivers; on sandy and loamy soil; at up to 715 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǢ ǡ ǡǡ
from October to December.
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͶͳǡͲͶ2ǡα͵ͷǡͲͳ2ǡ αͶȋ
αͳʹͶȌǤ
Reserves such as Yapo in Ivory Coast, Gola in Liberia and in the Nimba Mountains and
ϐ ǡ Ǥ
ϐǤ
Specimens examined:
, ǣ ʹͳ ͳͺͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Maclaud 16 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͳͺͻ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Paroisse 43 (P); Conakry:
±Ǥͻι͵ͷǯͳ͵ιͶͲǯǡȋϐȌǡParoisse 73 (P); : 11°18’N 10°43’W, (fr), Vuillet 80 (P); Kankan:
±±Ǥ ͳͲι͵ͳǯ ͻι͵ǯǡ ͳͺͻͻ ȋϐȌǡ Chevalier, A.J.B. 551 (P); Kindiaǣ ͳͲιͲͶǯ ͳʹιͷͳǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ
Jacques-Félix 19 (P); ±ǣ Ǥ ͳͳιͳͻǯ ͳʹιʹͲǯǡ ͳͺ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Heudelot 945 (P); Mamou: 10°22’N
ͳʹιͲǯǡͺ ͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 20366 (P); ±±±: Nimba Mountains, Gbié, near Guégué
Ǥι͵ͺǤǯͺιʹͲǤͳǯǤǣͷ͵ǡͳ ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡHaba, O-O. 22 (BR,WAG); Nimba Mountains,
² ±Ǥι͵ͺǤͺ͵ǯͺιʹͲǤͲʹǯǤǣͷͻǡͳ ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡHaba, O-O. 23 (FHO,WAG); Guékédon.
8°33’N 10°08’W, 14 October 1949 (st), Schnell 2556 (P); Ziama. 8°14’N 9°22’W, May 1945 (st), Schnell 2662
(P); Macenta. 8°33’N 9°28’W, 31 January 1949 (fr), Adam, J-G. 3505 (P); Forêt Classée de Mt Yonon, not far
from the Diane River. 7°59.0’N 9°07.3’W. Alt: 480m, 7 May 2011 (fr), Jongkind 10658 (BR,MO,P,WAG); Nimba
Mountains, plot WHFL04, 500 m to Ecogarde building. 7°38.67’N 8°20.10’W. Alt: 575m, 2 December 2007 (st),
Nimba Botanic Team WH 1430 (WAG).
IVORY COAST, Abidjan: Adiopodoumé, 17 km W of Abidjan, botanical garden ORSTOM. 5°20’N 4°08’W, 8
ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡDekker, A.J.F.M. 86 (WAG); km 45 new road Abidjan-Ndouci. 5°34’N 4°22’W, 9 October 1979
ȋϐȌǡKruif, A.P.M. de 406 (UCJ,WAG); Aboisso: 6 km on Aboisso-Maféré road. 5°24’N 3°11’W, 8 November 1968
(fr), Breteler 5959 (WAG); AgbovilleǣͷιͶͶǯͶιͲǯǡʹͺͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 582
(WAG); Forêt du Yapo. 5°45’N 4°10’W, 10 October 1991 (st), Téré 1998 (G); Yapo forest. 5°44.5’N 4°07.7’W. Alt:
ͳͲͲǡ͵ͳʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4278 (MO,WAG); Yapo forest. 5°48’N 4°08’W, 30 July 1954 (st), Jaeger,
P. 4431 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ͶιͲͷǯǡ ʹͺ ͳͻͷͶ ȋϐȌǡ Roberty 15340 (G,K); sur le chemin de fer, km 44,
ǯ±Ǥͷι͵ͺǯͶιͲͷǯǡͳͶͳͻͲͻȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. B 22278 (P); Yapo. 5°48’N 4°08’W,
19 December 1931 (fr), Aubréville SF 602 (P); : F.C. du Haut-Sassandra, Sud. Piste de Belleville, layon
24, 6°56’N 6°59’W, 12 February 1994 (fr), Kouamé 1054 (CSRS,G); Forêt classée du Haut Sassandra. 6°56’N
ιͷͻǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡKouamé 1086 (G); ±: 1 km N of Yéalé. 7°32’N 8°25’W, 17 December
ͳͻȋϐǡȌǡGeerling 1825 (WAG); ±±: Plantation Planche, Pinhou. 6°37’N 7°20’W, 27 January 1969
(fr), Bamps 1951 (BR); Duékoué-Buyo, forêt au N du Nzo. 6°27’N 7°15’W, 28 February 1969 (fr), Bamps 2151
3.7 Materials and Methods
(BR); Duekoué. 6°44’N 7°21’W, 12 December 1954 (fr), Roberty 15939 (G); Guiglo: Toulepleu. 6°33’N 7°29’W,
May 1942 (st), Schnell 1268 (P); Taï. 5°36’N 7°11’W, 4 August 1954 (st), Jaeger, P. 4601 (P); Taï. 5°52’N 7°27’W,
13 April 1970 (st), Farron 7070 (P); entre le moyen Sassandra et le moyen Cavally. 5°50’N 7°05’W, 27 June
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡChevalier, A.J.B. 19209 (P); Man: Forêt de Sangouiné, 7°18’N 7°48’W, 25 January 1969 (fr), Bamps
1935 (BR); Man. 7°24’N 7°35’W, July 1949 (st), Bégué SF 3261 (P); Ǧ±: from Tabou 30 km to Béréby,
ǤͶι͵ͶǯιͳͲǯǡͳͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡKoning, J. de 2351 (BR,E,MO,WAG).
LIBERIA, Bongǣ ǤιͲͲǯͻιʹͻǯǡͳͶͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLinder, D.H. 614 (K); Gbarpolu: Kpelle Forest.
ǤιʹͳǤͻǯͳͲιʹͲǤǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡͳ͵ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 10111 (BR,MA,MO,WAG);
Grand Bassa: Cestos-Sanguin area, Logging Consession of the Cooper’s, Sudan Section. 5°29.9’N 9°22.2’W.
ǣͺͲǡ ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡJongkind 5656 (BR,WAG); Grand Cape Mount: north of Lake Piso. 6°48.17’N
11°17.27’W. Alt: 20m, 21 July 2004 (st), Jongkind 6048 (BR,G,K,WAG); Grand Cape Mount. Genna Tanyehun.
ιͳͷǯͳͲιͶͶǯǡʹͳ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 10759 (K); Lofa: North Lorma National Forest. 8°02’N
ͻιͶͶǯǡʹͲʹͲͲͷȋϐǡȌǡJongkind 6701 (BR,WAG); Gola Forest. 7°27.1’N 10°41.5’W, 29 November
2005 (fr), Jongkind 7001 (WAG); Western Province, Vonjama District, Soplima. 8°20’N 9°40’W, 1 November
ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Baldwin jr 10110 (K); Western Province, Kolahun District, Karmadhun. 8°08’N 10°18’W, 6
ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 10224 (K); Western Province, Boporo District, Tawata. 7°18’N 10°17’W, 15
November 1947 (fr), Baldwin jr 10293 (K); Montserrado: Within 20 miles of Kakatown. 6°32’N 10°21’W,
ͳͻͲͶ ȋϐȌǡ Whyte, A. s.n. (K); Dukwia River, Monrovia, near Firestone Plantations. 6°23’N 10°22’W, October
ͳͻʹͺ ȋϐȌǡ Cooper 30 (BM,FHO,K); Firestone Plantation, division 33. 6°19’N 10°21’W, 3 January 1970 (fr),
Stoop-v.d. Kasteele 129 (MO,WAG); Bomi Hills, 100 km from Monrovia. Along road. 7°01’N 10°51’W, 18
ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡHarten 159ȋǡ ȌǢǤιʹ͵ǯͳͲιʹʹǯǡ ͳͻʹͻȋϐǡȌǡCooper, G.P.
166ȋǡ ǡǡȌǢ ǡ ǤιͷǯͳͲιͶͷǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C.
van 187ȋ ȌǢ ǡ͵͵ǤDzdzǤιͳͻǯͳͲιʹͳǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡ
Stoop-v.d. Kasteele 226 (MO,WAG); Gibi Mountain, 5-10 miles SE of Salala (nearly whole mountain covered
by high evergreen rainforest). 6°35’N 10°04’W. Alt: 500m, 15 January 1970 (fr), Jansen, J.W.A. 1709 (WAG);
ǣ Ǥ ι͵Ͳǯ ͺι͵ͲǯǤ ǣ ͷͷͲǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ Adames 771 (K,UPS); Ganta.
ιͳͶǯͺιͷͻǯǡͳ ͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡBarker, A.J.D. 1137 (K); near Mt Tokadeh. 7°27.2’N 8°39.3’W. Alt: 510m,
ͳʹʹͲͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 7987 (BR,WAG); Sanokwele (Central Province, Sanokwele District). 7°22’N
ͺιͶ͵ǯǡͳ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡBaldwin jr 9644 (K); Central Province, Sanokwele District, Ganta. 7°14’N 8°59’W,
1 February 1948 (fr), Baldwin jr 11024ȋȌǢǤι͵ʹǯͺι͵ʹǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡAdam, J-G.
20126ȋȌǢ ±±ǤǤ Ǥι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J-G. 24556 (C,UPS,WAG);
ǡ Ǥι͵ͷǯͺι͵ʹǯǡ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡAdam, J-G. 25009 (C); between Mt Gangra and Mt
Yuelliton, plot SNLF01. 7°33.36’N 8°38.02’W. Alt: 715m, 13 January 2009 (fr), Nimba Botanic Team NS 41
(WAG); SinoǣǤͷιͶͷǯͺιͷͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡHarten 261 (K,WAG); South-west of
ǤͷιʹͺǤͶǯͻιͳͷǤͻǯǤǣͺͲǡʹͻʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡJongkind 9898 (BR,WAG).
, Eastern ProvinceǣǤιͶͳǯͳͳιͳͻǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡSmythe 11 (K); Guara
Chiefdom, Lulahun. 7°41’N 10°58’W, 25 December 1950 (fr), King, E.L. 87 (K); Kenema. 7°52’N 11°12’W, 29
ͳͻͶͻ ȋϐȌǡ Deighton 5205 (K); Southern Province: Gola North Forest Reserve. 7°40’N 10°55’W, 9
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡSamai 259ȋȌǢ ǡ ǤιͶͲǯͳͲιͷͷǯǡȋϐȌǡSamai
375 (K); Western AreaǣǣǤͺιʹͲǯͳ͵ιͳͲǯǤǣͳͷǡ͵ͲͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡMelville, F.A. 511 (K,P).
Key literature: Farron (1965, 1968, 1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hutchinson
& Dalziel (1928), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954), Poorter (2004).
Campylospermum sulcatum (Tiegh.) Farron
Ǥʹͺ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Exomicrum sulcatum Tiegh., Ann. Sci.
Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Ouratea sulcata (Tiegh.) Keay, Kew Bull. 1953: 81
(1953). – Type: Staudt 606 (holotype: P!; isotype: COI!, G!, K!, S!, Z!), Cameroon, JohannAlbrechtshöhe, 1896.
Ouratea oliveriana Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 261 (1904). Ȃ Campylospermum oliverianum
(Gilg) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 400 (1965). –Type: Johnston s.n.
(holotype: B†; isotype: K!), Nigeria, Cross River, January 1888. syn. nov.
3
Ǥʹͳͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥʹͳʹ
Tree up to 9 m tall, with branched stem; twigs with brownish white bark. Stipules
persistent, triangular, 4–13 mm long. Leaf: petiole 3–6(–7) mm long; leaf blade narrowly
elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate or sometimes elliptic-obovate, ȋȂȌͻȂͳȋȂʹͳȌ
ȋʹȂȌ͵ȂȋȂȌ , ratio ʹǤ͵ȂͶǤʹ, base narrowly cuneate to attenuate, apex acuminate,
coriaceous to papyraceous, distinctly to slightly bullate, margin serrulate to entire,
teeth without a black tip, dark green above, paler green below, glossy on both sides;
venation: midrib strongly prominent above, prominent below, main lateral veins
10–16 on either side, ͻȂͳͶ, generally sunken above, prominent below or
sometimes shallowly sunken, more or less at a right or slight angle with the midrib but
curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–1 between
each pair of main laterals, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib,
distinct above, less distinct below. ϔ terminal, unbranched or rarely
ͳ ǡ , its main axis 1–5(–8) cm long; pairwise scales at the base of
peduncle persistent, often numerous, narrowly triangular, up to 12 mm long; cymules
͵Ȃ ǡ ͳȂǦϐǢ ǡ ǡ ʹȂ͵ȋȂͷȌ Ǥ Flower:
Ȃͳ͵ ǡ ʹȂ͵ Ǣ ǡ ϐ
8–10 x 3–4 mm, in fruit 10–12 x 5–6 mm and curved over the drupelets, coriaceous,
base truncate, apex acute; petals elliptic to obovate, 10–13 x 3–8 mm, truncate at
base, rounded or emarginate at apex; stamens: anthers 4–7 mm long; ovary c. 1–2 mm
long; style 4–7 mm long. Fruit: receptacle in fruit 3–6 mm wide, red; drupelets 1 to
2 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to broadly so, 7–9 x 4–7 mm; cotyledons
incumbent, dissimilar in size with a small outer cotyledon.
Notes: C. oliverianum is lumped into C. sulcatum. Both species share the bullate leaves
ǡ ϐ Ǥ ȋͳͻͺͷȌ
similarity, but kept them apart, using the petal shape to separate them. He describes
C. oliverianumͳͲȂͳͷǡϐ
which is longer than wide and elliptic petals, whereas in C. sulcatum there are 6–10
ǡϐ Ǥ
ϐ
himself, we started to have serious doubts about their distinction. From a closer study
of the variability we concluded the two taxa can not be seperated. Therefore, the two are
united here under the name C. sulcatum, the oldest one.
C. sulcatum ǡ ϐ
leaf surface. As such, it is highly reminiscent of some forms of C. excavatum, but that
ϐ ǡ
pronounced tertiary venation.
Distribution: Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, southernmost Central
ǡ ǡ ȋMap ͵Ͳ).
A
ͳ
ʹ
ʹͺ. Campylospermum sulcatum. A. Flowering branch. ͳ & ʹ. Seed. C. Flowering branch. . Fruiting branch. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
͵Ͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum sulcatum ȋȌCampylospermum warneckei ( )
3.7 Materials and Methods
C
3
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3.7 Materials and Methods
3
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Ecology: primary and secondary forest, gallery forest, swamp forest, along rivers and
streams; on clayey and sandy soils; at up to 960 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Vernacular names: Benin: Agbda, Ishan-urohi (Urohi-Ogwa).
Uses: This is a decorative plant (Burkill 1997).
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαʹǡͲͷͲǡͶ͵Ͳ2ǡαʹǡͳͳͳǡͻͲ2ǡ αͳͳ
ȋ α͵Ͳ͵ȌǤ
ǡǡ ǡ°
Guinea, Dzanga-Sangha in Central African Republic and also inside Forest Reserves such
as Ekinta, Shasha and Urehi. It has numerous recent collection and thus the category
Least Concern has been assigned.
Specimens examined:
, East Province: Road from Ndjangané NE. to Bombi, up to river Diezé. 46 km NW. of Bertoua.
4°53’N 13°24’E. Alt: 700m, 18 May 1961 (st), Breteler 1359 (BR,K,LISC,M,P,WAG,YA); Weit nach Norden bis in
ȋȌʹͷͲǤ Ǥͷιͳʹǯͳ͵ι͵ͳǯǡ ͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡMildbraed 8611 (K); 5°18’N
ͳ͵ιͶͷǯǡͳͻͳͶȋϐȌǡMildbraed 8926 (BM,K); Littoral: 10 km W. of Masok. 4°08’N 10°23’E. Alt: 400m, 3
April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5352 (BAS,BR,K,P,WAG,YA); 5 km NE of Dibombé, a village on km 11 of LoumYabassi road. 4.43 N 9.50 E. 4°43’N 9°50’E. Alt: 200m, 16 March 1972 (st), Leeuwenberg 9477 (BR,K,WAG,YA);
South Provinceǣ ǡ ͵ͷ Ǥ Ǥ ʹιʹʹǯ ͳͲιͲǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Kaji 11 (P); bank of
ǤʹιͶͲǯͳʹιͷʹǯǡͷͳͻͺȋϐȌǡKoufani 230 (P); réserve de la Faune de Campo.
ʹιʹ͵ǯͳͲιͲǯǡʹͺ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡNkongmeneck 489ȋȌǢǤʹι͵Ͷǯͻιͷͻǯǡͷ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡ
Huber, H.F.J. 1055 (P); Bitye. 3°01’N 12°22’E, 1919 (st), Bates, G.L. 1229 (BM); route Kribi-Londji, 30 km de
Kribi, après village pygmée.3°35.28’N 9°59.29’E. Alt: 79m, 29 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1231 (LBV,WAG,YA);
Ǥ ͵ιͲͳǯ ͳʹιʹǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Bates, G.L. 1810 (P); collines à 5km au SW d’Ebionéméyong
près Nyabessan (60 km à l’Est de Campo). 2°24’N 10°24’E, 10 April 1968 (fr), Letouzey 9322 (P); 12 km E
Nyabesan. 2°25’N 10°32’E, 4 March 1963 (fr), Raynal, J. 10212 (P); Campo Ma’an area, Nvini, around river
Kom in the National Park. 2°28.0’N 10°08.8’E. Alt: 100m, 10 December 2001 (fr), Tchouto Mbatchou KOMX
28 (WAG); Campo Ma’an area, Onoyong, in the National Park. 2°37.2’N 10°38.1’E. Alt: 500m, 22 March 2001
ȋϐȌǡ Tchouto Mbatchou ONOX 32 (WAG); Onoyong, forest between plots ONO1 and 10. 2°31.7’N 10°41.8’E.
ǣ͵Ͳǡͳͺ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡTchouto Mbatchou ONOX 155 (KRIBI,WAG); South-West Province: Johann ÚǡǤͶι͵ͺǯͻιʹͷǯǡͳͺͻȋϐǡȌǡStaudt 606 (COI,G,K,Z); ancienne réserve du South
Bakundu, 15 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°30.64’N 9°23.15’E. Alt: 87m, 3 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou
1281 (LBV,WAG,YA); village Mafoko-Kindongi, 8 km Ouest du village Small Ekomba. 4°33.34’N 9°23.33’E. Alt:
180m, 4 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1290 (LBV,WAG,YA); village Mafoko-Kindongi, 8 km Ouest du village Small
Ekomba. 4°33.02’N 9°23.27’E. Alt: 167m, 4 April 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1295 (LBV,WAG,YA); 1 km W. of BombeǡʹͲǤͶιʹǯͻιʹͺǯǤǣͷǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡManning, S.D. 1513 (MO,WAG); 1
ǡǡʹͲǤͶιʹǯͻιʹǯǤǣͷǡͳʹͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡManning, S.D.
1803ȋǡǡ ȌǢǡϐʹǤͷ DzdzǤ
ͷιͲͳǯͺιͷͲǯǤǣͷͲǡͳʹͳͻͺͷȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 4760 (K,MO); between Baro and Ikenge villages,
ǡǤͷιͳͷǯͻιͲͻǯǤǣʹͷͲǡͳͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡThomas, D.W. 7532
ȋǡǡ ȌǢǤ ǤǤǤͶιʹͶǯͻιʹǯǡͳͳ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡBrenan 9268 (BM,FHO,K); 55 km SW.
Mamfe à l’Est de la piste Abakpa-Mbiofong. 5°24’N 8°56’E, 26 May 1975 (st), Letouzey 13627 (P).
, Ǧ±±: Ndakan. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 19 April 1994 (st),
Kuroda 42 (E); Ndakan. 2°21’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 19 April 1994 (st), Kuroda 43 (E); Ndakan, gorilla study
area. M1670R. 2°22’N 16°09’E. Alt: 350m, 17 April 1988 (fr), Harris, D.J. 525 (K,MO,WAG); Ndakan, Gorilla
study, Dzanga-Sangha Reserve. 2°22’N 16°10’E. Alt: 350m, 23 September 1988 (fr), Harris, D.J. 1181 (K,MO);
25 km SE of Bayanga, Kongana research camp. 2°47’N 16°25’E, 11 February 1994 (fr), Harris, D.J. 4571
(E,WAG).
3.7 Materials and Methods
ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: Dimonika. 4°14’S 12°26’E, 31 January 1986 (fr), Foresta 801 (P);
±: village de Moukina, route Komono-Moetché. 3°01’S 13°11’E, 25 January 1965 (fr), Bouquet, A.
1096 (P); Sangha: within 200 m of Issimbi Camp, Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park. 2°22.55’N 16°27.08’E, 4 May
2007 (fr), Harris, D.J. 9075 (E,IEC).
, Rio Muni, Centro Sur: SE du parc National de Monte Alen, sur le transect ECOFAC
de Nkumekie, 3000 m du début du layon. 1°28.77’N 10°17.66’E. Alt: 610m, 2 February 2001 (fr), Senterre 3
(BRLU); Monte Alen. 1°40’N 10°17’E, 28 May 1997 (fr), Ngomo 181 (BRLU); Monte Alèn, transect Nkumekie.
ͳιʹͻǯͳͲιͳͺǯǡͳͲʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡNgomo 875 (BRLU); Monte Alèn, transecto Monte Alén. 1°39’N 10°18’E,
ͳͻʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡNgomo 928ȋȌǢ °ǣǡ ÀÓǤ
ͳι͵͵ǯͳͲιʹͷǯǡͺͳͻͻͻȋϐȌǡPérez Viso 962 (MA); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 Km au NE du site
de traversée du rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.22’N 10°04.87’E. Alt: 410m, 16 February 2002 (st),
Senterre 2348 (BRLU); SO du parc National de Monte Alen, 2 Km au NE du site de traversée du rio Uolo pour
aller aux cataractas. 1°36.56’N 10°05.55’E. Alt: 750m, 25 June 2002 (st), Senterre 3024 (BRLU); près du village
de Bicurga. 1°35’N 10°28’E. Alt: 680m, 24 May 2002 (fr), Parmentier 3126 (BRLU); inselberg de Bicurga, près
Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹͺǯǤǣͳͲǡʹͶʹͲͲʹȋϐǡȌǡParmentier 3163 (BRLU); inselberg de
ǡ° Ǥͳι͵ͷǯͳͲιʹͺǯǤǣͲǡʹͲʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡParmentier 3225 (BRLU);
inselberg de Bicurga, près du village de Bicurga. 1°35’N 10°28’E. Alt: 715m, 22 May 2002 (st), Parmentier
3273 (BRLU); Parc national de Monte Alen, transect de Monte Chocolate. 1°46’N 10°16’E, 10 October 1994
ȋϐȌǡ Lejoly 94/ 214 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoralǣ ǡ Ǥ ͳι͵ͷǯ ͻιͷͲǯǡ Ͷ ͳͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ
Bates, G.L. 570ȋ ǡȌǢǤͳͲǯǤͳιͲͻǯͳͲιͳͶǯǡʹʹͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡWilks
1815 (LBV,WAG); ǡ : Obamico (Parc National de Nsork). 1°14’N 11°02’E, 3 September
ͳͻͻͺȋϐǡȌǡNguema Miyono 305 (BRLU); Parc national de Nsork, Obamicu, Rio Abang. 1°14’N 11°20’E. Alt:
500m, 26 July 1998 (fr), Lejoly 98/ 39 (BRLU).
, EstuaireǣǤǯǡʹͶǤͲι͵͵ǯͻιͷʹǯǤǣͲǡͳͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Louis, A.M. 262ȋ ȌǢǤͲιʹͷǯͻιʹǯǡʹͺͳͺͻͺȋϐȌǡKlaine 397 (P); Kango, proche de
village au S du pont de rivière Komo et avant pont de rivière Bokoué. 0°11.0’N 10°07.3’E, 5 November 2009
(fr), Bissiengou 654ȋǡ ȌǢͷǤͲι͵ǯͻιͶ͵ǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡFloret 1422
(LBV,WAG); Barrage de Kinguélé, downstream of the hydroelectric power station. 0°26’N 10°16’E. Alt: 100m,
20 November 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8859 (LBV,MO,WAG); Parc National de Monts de Cristal, road L108
from Tchimbélé to Kinguélé. 0°37.8’N 10°21.7’E. Alt: 394m, 25 October 2011 (fr), Maas, P.J.M. 9985
(LBV,MO,WAG); Crystal Mountains; Tchimbélé Dam region; 0°37’N 10°21’E. Alt: 550m, 23 September 2000
ȋϐȌǡMcPherson, G.D. 17970 (LBV,MO); Crystal Mountains, 49040m on transect G. 0°31’N 10°25’E, 3 May 2001
(fr), Wilks AP 3447 (LBV,WAG); Ǧ±: Batéké Plateau, Station of the Projet de Protection des Gorilles.
ʹιͲǯͳͶιͲͶǯǤǣͶͲͲǡʹͳʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡWalters, G.M. 904 (MO,WAG); après pont de la rivière Sebe.
ͲιͶ͵ǯͳ͵ιͶͻǯǤǣͶͷ͵ǡͳͺʹͲͲͻȋϐȌǡBissiengou 916 (LBV,WAG); East of Gorilla Research Station
Ǥ ʹιͲǤͺǯ ͳͶιͲͶǤͲʹǯǤ ǣ ͶͶͶǡ ͷ ʹͲͲͳ ȋϐȌǡ Bradley, A.F. 1167 (MO,WAG);
ǡ ʹ͵ Ǥ ͳι͵ͻǯ ͳ͵ιͳǯǡ ͷ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 6770
(B,C,MA,WAG); Ǧ±: Eastern part of the Presidential Reserve Wonga-Wongué 100 km S of
ǤͲι͵ͲǯͻιͶͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͳ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde (WALK-B) 826 (BR,C,LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±:
ǤͳιͶͳǯͳͲιͷǯǡ ͳͻ͵ͺȋϐȌǡWalker, A.A. s.n. (P); Est du Parc National de Waka, à ± 5 km au
°Ǥͳιͳ͵ǤǯͳͳιͳǤͲǯǤǣͶǡͳͻ ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡDauby 689 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG);
ǡǡάʹǤǤͳι͵ͻǯͳͳιͶǯǤǣͺͲͲǡʹͳͻͺ͵ȋϐǡ
fr), Louis, A.M. 898 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ͳιͲʹǤͲ͵ǯ ͳͳιͲͻǤ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͶͶͶǡ ͳ ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐȌǡ Towns 1343
ȋǡ ȌǢǤǤͳι͵Ǥ͵ǯͳͳιͶͷǤͷǯǤǣͻͲǡͷ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡLeal, M.E.
1868ȋǡǡ ȌǢǤǤͳι͵ǤͺǯͳͳιͶǤǯǤǣͺʹͲǡͳͲ ʹͲͲȋϐȌǡLeal, M.E.
2002 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rive gauche (sud) de l’Ikoy, à environ 10 km de l’embouchure avec la Ngounié. 0°48.53’S
ͳͲι͵ǤͳʹǯǤ ǣ ͺǡ ʹͶ ʹͲͳʹ ȋϐȌǡ Dauby 2895 (BRLU,LBV,MO,P,WAG); entre Boudyanguila &
Noumbo. 1°50’S 11°33’E, September 1925 (st), Le Testu 5520 (BM,BR,P); forest south of 8½ km on road
Ǥͳι͵ǤͶͻǯͳͳιͶ͵ǤʹʹǯǤǣͷͲǡͳ ʹͲͳ͵ȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 7479 (WAG);
͵ͷǤͳιͶͷǯͳͳιʹͲǯǤǣ͵ͷͲǡʹͷͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 8216 (C,K,WAG); 50 km on
ǤͳιͶͷǯͳͳιʹʹǯǤǣͷͲͲǡʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBreteler 8252 (C,K,WAG); road from
ǡ ͳͺ ǡ Ǥ ͳιͶͷǤͲǯ ͳͲιͳǤͻǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͺǡ ͳͳ
November 2011 (fr), Maas, P.J.M. 10236 (LBV,UC,WAG); road from Mandji to Rabi, 18 km W of Mandji, Sentier
3
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3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥʹͳ
Ǥ ͳιͶͷǤͳǯ ͳͲιͳǤ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͳͶͲǡ ͳͶ ʹͲͳͳ ȋϐȌǡ Maas, P.J.M. 10322 (LBV,MO,UC,WAG);
Massif de Koumounabwali 21 km along the Bondola river, counting from road Lambaréné-Fougamou. 1°18’S
10°26’E. Alt: 250m, 14 December 1995 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 11600 (LBV,MO,WAG); ±Ǧ : M’passa.
0°30’N 12°45’E, 10 March 1977 (st), Florence 33 (P); Bélinga 2 km along the lower track of Babiel Nord.
ͳιͲͷǯ ͳ͵ιͳͳǯǤ ǣ ͷǡ ͳͻ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler; Wilde 724 (C,WAG); Parc d’Ipassa makokou,
après château d’eau. 0°31’N 12°48’E, 10 March 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 1103 (LBV,WAG); route Bélinga, 5 km
après village Mbondo. 0°53’N 13°10’E. Alt: 586m, 12 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1157 (LBV,WAG); Makokou,
ǯ Ǥ Ͳι͵Ͷǯ ͳʹιͷʹǯǡ ʹͶ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Farron 7503 (P); Makokou, plateau d’Ipassa. 0°34’N
12°52’E, June 1970 (st), Farron 7553 (P); Makokou, vers le plateau Ipassa. 0°32’N 12°49’E, 30 June 1970 (fr),
Farron 7590ȋȌǢǡǯ ǤͲι͵ͳǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡ͵ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡFarron 7649 (P); Makokou, non
ǤͲι͵ͳǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡ͵ ͳͻͲȋȌǡFarron 7660 (P); ±Ǧ
Lolo: region de Lastoursville, Ngoma. 1°01’S 12°43’E, December 1929 (st), Le Testu 7779 (BM,BR,P); ±Ǧ
Maritimeǣǡ͵ǤǤͳιͷͶǯͻιͷͶǯǤǣ͵ͲǡͳͲͳͻͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡ
Haegens 35 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi, 4.5km on road from Rabi to Divangui. 1°54’S 9°54’E. Alt: 30m, 10 November
ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡHaegens 36 (BR,E,HBG,K,LBV,LD,MA,MO,WAG); Rabi, in hectare plot of J.J. Wieringa. 1°55’S 9°53’E.
Alt: 30m, 17 November 1993 (fr), Haegens 72 (LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga, road to Divangui. 1°54’S 9°55’E.
Alt: 30m, 6 December 1993 (fr), Haegens 109 (E,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-E, N of Pechoud Camp. 1°56.5’S 9°52.9’E,
ʹ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡNek 116 (BR,C,E,G,M,MA,MO,PRE,WAG); Rabi-NE, at logging site of CBG, ca 5 km beyond
ǤͳιͷͲǯͳͲιͲͲǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡNek 149ȋ ȌǢǦǡ Ȁ
ǤͳιͷǤǯͻιͷʹǤǯǡͷͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡNek 197 (BR,E,MO,WAG); Rabi-NW, near Rembo Rabi, NW
of Rabi site. 1°53.7’S 9°50.7’E, 13 November 1990 (fr), Nek 288 (WAG); N of Yéno, next to débarcadère of
Forester 150 m from Fouanou village. 1°35.0’S 9°57.8’E. Alt: 15m, 12 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 988
ȋȌǢǦǡȋͳǦȌǤͳιͷͷǤǯͻιͷʹǤͷǯǤǣͶͷǡʹͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡWieringa,
J.J. 1647 (C,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Shell concession, N of airport. 1°55.7’S 9°52.4’E. Alt: 56m, 24 January 2010
ȋϐȌǡDauby 2138ȋǡǡȌǢǦ ǡϐǤͳιͷͺǤͻǯͻιͷͳǤͳǯǤǣͳͲǡ
ʹ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡDauby 2184 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Doudou Mountains National Parc 5 km S of Camp Peny
(CBG). 2°03.1’S 10°27.9’E. Alt: 100m, 14 November 2005 (fr), Sosef 2289 (LBV,MO,WAG); Doudou Mountains
ͷͲǤʹιͲͺǤʹǯͳͲιʹ͵ǤͳǯǤǣͷͷǡͳʹͲͲͷȋϐȌǡSosef 2365 (LBV,WAG);
ǡǡͳǦǤͳιͷͷǤǯͻιͷʹǤͷǯǤǣͶͲǡʹ ͳͻͻͶȋϐǡȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2593 (WAG); 44
km along a track leading in a western direction into the Doudou Mountains from Doussala. 2°14’S 10°25’E.
Alt: 150m, 3 December 1986 (fr), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 9134 (MO,WAG); Rabi. 1°55’S 9°50’E, 26 March 1990 (fr),
Breteler 9517ȋ ȌǢͳǦǤͳιͷͶǯͻιͷ͵ǯǡʹͷͳͻͺͻȋϐǡȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E.
de 9724 ȋǡǡǡ ȌǢ ǡ Ǥ ͳιͷͷǯ ͻιͷͲǯǡ ͵ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Breteler 9764 (WAG); RabiǡǤͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 10147 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Rabi-Kounga,
Ǥͳιͷͷǯͻιͷͷǯǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡBreteler 10224 (BR,E,HUJ,K,LBV,MO,WAG); Ǧ:
ǤͲιͷǯͳͲι͵ͲǯǤǣͲͲǡͳͲ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡNgok Banak 60 (BRLU,LBV,WAG); Bordamur
consession area, some 48 km from WWF-station, on large Inselberg near logging road construction site.
ͳιͳͶǯ ͳͳιͷ͵ǯǤ ǣ ͷͻͲǡ ͳͶ ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Strijk 156 (BR,LBV,MO,WAG); Inselberg Milobo. 0°56.9’N
ͳͲι͵ͳǤͻǯǤǣͲǡʹͺ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡNgok Banak 264 (BRLU,LBV,MO,WAG); 11 km SE of Mitzic, bridge
Ǥ ͲιͶʹǤͻǯ ͳͳι͵ǤͺǯǤ ǣ Ͷͺͺǡ ʹͲͲͻ ȋȌǡ
Bissiengou 765 (LBV,WAG); 48 km NE of Mitzic, forestry road in Bordamur forest exploitation. 1°04.8’N
ͳͳιͷʹǤʹǯǤǣͷͲǡͺʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 809 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts de cristal, environ
du Plot II, Smithsonian. 0°37.1’N 10°24.6’E, 11 February 2010 (fr), Bissiengou 932 (LBV,WAG); Parc des Monts
de cristal, le long de la rivière Mbé, piste après la case picnic sur la droite. 0°37’N 10°24’E, 13 February 2010
ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 966 (LBV,WAG); Chantier Rougier Ocean, Oveng; 40 km NW of Oveng. 0°46’N 11°06’E, 20
September 1985 (fr), Reitsma, J.M. 1520 (MA,WAG); forestry concession Bordamur 40 km NE of Mitzic.
1°04.8’N 11°52.4’E. Alt: 500m, 6 February 2003 (fr), Sosef 1869 (LBV,MO,WAG); Minkébé area, at 1100 m from
Ǥͳι͵ͲǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series AM 66 (WAG); Minkébé area, footpath between
Ǥͳι͵ͲǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡͺ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series W 41 (WAG); Minkébé area, side plot
Ǥͳι͵ͲǯͳʹιͶͺǯǡ͵ͳ ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series W 85 (WAG); Minkébé area. 1°30’N 12°48’E, 6 April
1990 (fr), Minkébé Series W 94ȋ ȌǢ Ǥͳιͳͷǯͳ͵ιͳʹǯǡͳ͵ͳͻͻͲȋϐȌǡMinkébé Series W
570 (K,LBV,MAKOK,MO,P,WAG).
, Ashanti Regionǣ Ǥ ιͳ͵ǯ ͳιͳͲǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Irvine, F.R. 493 (FHO); Pra-Anum Forest
3.7 Materials and Methods
ǤιͳͷǯͳιͳͲǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡAndoh 4338 (BM); Juaso (Ash). 6°35’N 1°07’W, February 1930
ȋϐȌǡVigne FH 1819ȋ ȌǢϐ ǤιͲͲǯͳιʹǯǡͳͻ͵ͲȋȌǡVigne FH 1911 (A,BM,FHO,K);
Bobiri F.R. 6°40’N 1°20’W, May 1951 (fr), Enti FH 6717 (K,P); Eastern Region: Atewa Range Forest Reserve.
ιͲͻǯͲι͵ǯǡͳͺͳͻͲȋϐȌǡHall, J.B. GC 40169 (K); Western Region: Tano River. 5°13’N 2°45’W, 19
ͳͻͳʹȋϐȌǡChipp 384 (K).
IVORY COAST, Abidjanǣ ±ǡ Ǥ ͷιͳͻǯ ͶιͲͺǯǡ ͳ ͳͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ Doorn 77
ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ǯ±Ǥ ͷιʹͲǯ ͶιͲͻǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Aké Assi 6757 (G);
Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N 4°07’W, 6 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7026 (P); Banco. 5°23’N 4°03’W, May 1949 (fr), Bégué
SF 3146 (P); Aboisso: Ayamé-Ganviéssou. 5°37’N 3°11’W, 12 May 1965 (fr), Miège s.n. (G); Ayamé. 5°37’N
3°11’W, 12 May 1965 (fr), Aké Assi s.n. (G); Agbovilleǣ ² Ǥ ͷιͶͶǯ ͶιͳͲǯǡ ͳͳ ͳͻͶ ȋϐȌǡ
Oldeman, R.A.A. 998 (K,MO,WAG); Azaguié. 5°38’N 4°06’W, 19 December 1991 (fr), Chatelain 1000 (G); 40 km
Ǥ ǤͷιͶͶǯͶιͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹͻ ͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡLeeuwenberg 1817 (K,WAG,Z);
ǤͷιͶͶǤͷǯͶιͲǤǯǤǣͳͲͲǡ͵ͳʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 4276 (WAG); In vicinioribus YapoǤͷιͶǯͶιͲǯǡ ͳͻʹȋϐǡȌǡBernardi, L. 8664 (G,K,US); Yapo. 5°48’N 4°08’W, 15 November 1954
(fr), Roberty 15475ȋ ǡȌǢǤͷιͶͺǯͶιͲͺǯǡͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡBégué SF 3147 (P); ±±: Duekoué-Buyo,
ǤǤιʹǯιͳͷǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡBamps 2143 (BR); Guiglo: Djiloubaye. 6°06’N 7°30’W, 22
ʹͲͲʹȋϐȌǡBakayoko 95ȋ ǡ ȌǢÃǤͷιͷʹǯιʹǯǡ ͳͻͺʹȋϐȌǡStäuble 684 (G); Tienkoula.
ιͲǯ ι͵Ͳǯǡ ͳ ͳͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ Bernardi, L. 8347 (K); Ad occidentem miserrimi oppidi Taï nuncupati,
ϐǡ ǤͷιͷͲǯιͳͲǯǡ͵ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡBernardi, L.
8437 (G,K); Sassandra: near the road to Sassandra, near Lagako, 8.1km, near piste. 5°25’N 5°50’W. Alt: 5m,
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡBeentje 26 (UCJ,WAG); 70 km of Sassandra, direction Lokata. 5°20’N 5°55’W, 1 May 1962
(fr), Leeuwenberg 4079 (B,K,L,WAG); ±: P.N. de Taï, zone Est, secteur Soubré, groupe de transect VI.
5°42.7’N 6°58.7’W, 24 March 2010 (st), Scouppe 277 (G,WAG); 25 km SW of Guéyo. 5°36’N 6°12’W. Alt: 100m,
ʹͶ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLeeuwenberg 3723 (B,BR,FHI,HBG,K,MO,P,PRF,SL,UC,WAG); Tabou: FC de la Ht Dodo, close
to Kouadjokro. 5°00’N 7°18’W. Alt: 150m, 3 May 1999 (fr), Jongkind 4457 (WAG).
LIBERIA, Grand Gedeh: Eastern Privince, Putu District. New road from Chien to Cape Palmas. 5 km N of
Kanweake, a small village situated 70 km S of Chien. 5°30’N 8°03’W, 29 March 1962 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de
3710 (B,EA,K,WAG); Maryland: 20 miles N of Harper, along secondary road. 4°39’N 7°41’W, 22 July 1971 (fr),
Jansen, J.W.A. 2500 (WAG); Montserradoǣϐǡǯ Ǥιͳ͵ǯ
10°35’W, 19 April 1970 (fr), Stoop-v.d. Kasteele 152 (WAG); : Losseh Pah. 6°46’N 8°47’W. Alt: 200m, 5
June 1960 (st), Voorhoeve 3 (WAG); National Forest, 18 miles N of Tapeta. 6°45’N 8°52’W, 15 February 1961
(st), Voorhoeve 174 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ ιͳͶǯ ͺιͷͻǯǡ ͳͻͶ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Harley, W.J. 1295 (K); Sino: at the Jalays
Ǧ ǡǤͷιʹͲǯͺιͶͺǯǡͳͻ ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡParren 517
(WAG); Inside Sapo NP close to cano crossing of the Sinoe River. 5°20’N 8°48’W. Alt: 100m, 11 March 2009
ȋϐȌǡJongkind 8933 (BR,WAG).
, ǣǦǤͳͶͳͻͺȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van
1047 (BR,BUC,K,MO,POZG,WAG,YA); Akwa-Ibom State: South Eastern State. Stubbs Creek Forest Reserve
͵Ͳ Ǥ Ͷι͵ǯ ͺιͳǯǡ ͳͻͳ ȋϐȌǡ Meer, P.P.C. van 1181 (WAG); Cross River State: Oban.
5°19’N 8°34’E, 1911 (st), Talbot, P.A. 426 (BM); Ekinta River Forest Reserve 20km ENE of Calabar. 5°00’N
ͺι͵ͲǯǡͳͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1109 (MO,WAG); Ekinta River Forest Reserve 20 km ENE of Calabar.
ͷιͲͲǯͺι͵ͲǯǡʹͳͻͳȋϐȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1136 (WAG); South Eastern State. Oban Group Forest Reserve.
East Block. 5°31’N 8°41’E. Alt: 200m, 21 April 1971 (fr), Meer, P.P.C. van 1410 (WAG); Oban. 5°19’N 8°34’E,
1912 (st), Talbot, P.A. 1746 (BM); Edo State: Ehor and Ibekwe. 6°35’N 5°45’E, 1934 (fr), Fairbarn s.n. (BM);
ǡǤι͵ͷǯͷιͶͷǯǤǣͳʹͳǡͳͻ͵ͶȋϐǡȌǡFairbarn 49 (BM); Sapoba. 6°06’N 5°53’E,
ȋϐȌǡKennedy, J.D. 172 (FHO,K); 1965 Abe Taungya, nr Sapoba (SE of Benin). 6°06’N 5°53’E, 27 March 1969
ȋϐȌǡLowe, J. 1702ȋ ǡȌǢǡȋȌǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLowe,
J. 1713 (WAG); Sapoba. 6°06’N 5°53’E, (fr), Kennedy, J.D. 2104ȋ ȌǢǤιͲǯͷιͷ͵ǯǡȋϐǡȌǡKennedy,
J.D. 2251 ȋǡ ȌǢ Ǥ ιͲǯ ͷιͷ͵ǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Kennedy, J.D. 3048 (FHO); Asaba. 6°11’N
ιͶͷǯǡ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ Irvine, F.R. 3610 (K); Owam F.R. by road between Uyere and Oke. 6°45’N 5°46’E,
ͳͳ ͳͻͶͺȋϐǡȌǡBrenan 8986 (K); Okomu Forest Reserve, Compartment No 86. 6°20’N 5°15’E, 27
ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡBrenan FHI 8612ȋȌǢǡǤǤι͵ǯιͲǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡ
Hnuigboje FHI 21491ȋȌǢ Ǥ Ǧ ǤιͲͷǯͷιʹͲǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡOgbeni FHI
43370ȋȌǢ ǤϐͺǤǤ Ǥ ǤǤǤιʹͺǯͷι͵ͳǯǡ ͳͻͳȋϐȌǡDaramola FHI 45665
3
Ǥʹͳ
3.7 Materials and Methods
(K); Lagos Stateǣ Ǥ͵ȀͶ Ǥιʹͻǯ͵ιͳͻǯǡʹͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI
17257 (FHO,K); Ogun State: Shasha forest reserve, Baba Eku. 7°00’N 4°15’E, 2 March 1935 (fr), Ross, R. 57
ȋȌǢǤιͲͲǯͶιͳͷǯǡʹͲͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡRoss, R. 238 (BM); 3 km S. of Aberu; 10 Km
ǤǤιͲͲǯͶιͳͷǯǡͳͶͳͻͺͲȋϐȌǡPilz 2391 (B); 3 km S. of Aberu; 10 Km S. of Omo Sawmill.
ιͲͲǯͶιͳͷǯǡͳͶͳͻͺͲȋϐȌǡPilz 2444ȋǡǡȌǢǤιͲͷǯͶι͵Ͳǯǡͺ ͳͻ͵ͷȋϐǡȌǡRichards, P.W.
3210 (BM,S); Shasha forest reserve. 7°05’N 4°30’E, 6 April 1935 (fr), Richards, P.W. 3330 (BM); Shasha forest
reserve. 7°05’N 4°30’E, 22 April 1935 (st), Richards, P.W. 3389 (BM); 4 miles south of Okoigbo at pathside in
ʹ Ȁ ǤιͲͻǯʹιͶǯǡͻ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡJones, A.P.D. FHI 14722 (BR,FHO,K); in HF near compt 53. 6°49’N
͵ιͷǯǡͺͳͻͶȋϐȌǡTamajong FHI 16839 (FHO); Taraba State: Gongola State, Sadauna Local govt Area,
Gashaka Gangumi Forest Reserve. 6°55’N 11°30’E. Alt: 229m, 20 May 1977 (fr), Chapman, J.D. 4987 (FHO,K).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985), Harris & Wortley (2008), Hawthorne & Jongkind
(2006), Hutchinson, Dalziel & Keay (1954).
3
Ǥʹͳͺ
Campylospermum umbricola (Tiegh.) Farron
Fig. ʹͻ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Monelasmum umbricola Tiegh., Ann. Sci.
Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 333 (Dec. 1902). – Ouratea umbricola (Tiegh.) Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst.
33: 259 (1904). – Type: Zenker 1792 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!, K!, P(2x)!, S! , WAG!,
Z!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1898.
Monelasmum macrophyllum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 334 (1902). – Type:
Zenker 1848 (holotype: P!; isotype: E!, G!, K!, Z!), Cameroon, Bipindi, 1898.
Tree ͳͷ ǡ ʹͲ , with branched trunk; twigs with brownish
white bark. Stipules caducous, leaving a conspicuous scar at the base of the petiole, c.
10 mm long. Leaf: petiole 10–13(–15) mm long, stout, canaliculate; leaf blade obovate,
ȋʹͶȂȌʹͺȂͶͷȋȂͷ͵Ȍ ȋͺȂȌͳͳȂͳͶȋȂͳȌ , ratio ʹǤͷȂ͵Ǥͻ, base cuneate, apex acute to
shortly acuminate, coriaceous, not to slightly bullate, glossy green above, paler green
and less glossy below, margin regularly serrulate, entire toward the base; venation:
ϐǡǡʹȂ͵, main
lateral veins (16–)23–26 on either side, 15–35 mm apart, slightly prominent but often
running in a depression above, not to slightly prominent below, at a right to slight angle
with the midrib but curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral
veins 1–4 between each pair of main lateral veins, prominent on both sides, tertiary
ǡ ǡ ǡ
slightly distinct below. ϔ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis (19–)22–40(–
48) cm long, cylindrical; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent; racemes
(3–)5–9, (9–)12–26(–30) cm long; cymules 0.5–3.5 cm apart, ͳȂͳʹǦϐ; bracts
caducous. Flower: pedicel (8–)10–15 mm long, articulated at 1–5 mm from the base,
ϐ in fruit; sepals ovateǡϐͻȂͳͲȂǡȋʹͲȂȌʹͷȂ
͵ͲȋȂ͵ͷȌȋͳͲȂȌͳ͵ȂʹͲȋȂʹͷȌ, coriaceous, base truncate, apex rounded, enclosing
the drupelets; petals broadly obovate, ͳ͵ȂͳͻȂͳͲǡ clawed at base, rounded at
apex; stamens: anthers 5–6 mm long; ovary c. 2–3 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit:
receptacle enlarged in fruit up to 4–5 mm thick; drupelets 2 to 3 well developed per
receptacle, ellipsoid, 7–11 mm long, immature ones red, mature ones black; cotyledons
3.7 Materials and Methods
accumbent, more or less similar in size.
Notes: This species was previously only known from south-western Cameroon, but has
now also been collected in the Crystal Mountains National Park, north-western Gabon.
ǤC. umbricola is a distinct species, easily
distinguished by the large and coriaceous leaves and by the sepals that are strongly
enlarged in fruit.
Distribution: south-western Cameroon and
north-western Gabon (Crystal Mountains)
(Map ʹͻ).
Ecology: primary and secondary coastal
forest, along streams; at 50–1000 m
altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǢ
fruiting from June to July.
IUCN conservation statusǣ ͳȀ
ʹȋǡȌǤ αͷͳǡ͵ͳ 2ǡ αʹǡͺͻʹ
km2ǡ αͳ ȋ αͷʹ ȌǤ
This species has a disjunct distribution in
Cameroon. Most of its locations are found
outside of protected areas, some of which
are under heavy environmental pressure of
human populations and logging. Only one
collection is from a protected area (Crystal
Mountains National Park in Gabon).
Therefore, the category of Near Threatened
ϐǤ
Specimens examined:
A
3
C
B
ͳ
ʹ
ʹͻǤ Campylospermum umbricola. A.
Sterile branch. B. Fruiting branch. C. Flowering
ϐ Ǥ ͳ & ʹ. Incumbent
cotyledon. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
, Central Provinceǣ Ǥ ͵ι͵ͻǯ ͳͲιͶǯǡ ͺ ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐȌǡ Mbarga 21 (P); South Province:
Path to Mont d’Elephant, 6 km S of Bidou III. 2°48’N 10°02’E. Alt: 150m, 24 August 1997 (fr), Burgt, X.M. van
der 119 (BR,K,KRIBI,MA,MO,NY,P,WAG,YA); Lolodorf, Ngowayang. 3°15’N 10°37’E, 14 June 1918 (st), Annet
258 (P); Lolodorf, Urwaldgebiet. 3°14’N 10°43’E, 1896 (fr), Staudt 260 (COI,P,S); Lolodorf. 3°14’N 10°44’E,
16 June 1918 (st), Annet 355 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͳͶǯ ͳͲιͶͶǯǡ ͳ ͳͻͳͺ ȋϐȌǡ Annet 362 (P); Kribi, piste
menant au Mont élephant, 7 km après village Bidou III. 2°48.17’N 10°01.61’E. Alt: 73m, 27 March 2010 (st),
Bissiengou 1213 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ Ǥ ͵ιͲͷǯ ͳͲιʹͷǯǡ ͳͺͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Zenker 1792 (BM,E,G,K,S,W,Z); Bidou,
Mont d’Elephant, along the path to the summit. 2°47.9’N 10°01.1’E. Alt: 200m, 13 August 2002 (st), Tchouto
Mbatchou 3385 (WAG); Urwaldgebiet. 3°05’N 10°25’E, 1911 (fr), Zenker 4054 (BM,COI,E,G,K,LY,S,W,Z); 6 km
E. of km 58 of road Edéa-Kribi, N. of road to Mboké. 3°20’N 10°12’E. Alt: 100m, 2 May 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg
5677 (BAS,BR,K,P,WAG,YA); SE. of Kribi, E. of Mt. Elephant. 2°47’N 10°01’E, 30 June 1970 (fr), Bos, J.J. 7000 (BR
,K,L,LD,LMA,M,MO,P,SRGH,UPS,WAG,YA); Kribi, 15 km au SE du Mont Eléphant. 2°49’N 10°01’E, 28 April 1970
(st), Farron 7194 (P); 47 km on the road from Ebolowa to Lolodorf, just past Mengele. 3°07’N 10°51’E. Alt:
640m, 25 July 1975 (st), Wilde, J.J.F.E. de 8388 (BR,MO,P,WAG); South-West Province: near Mbu village, 10
ǦǤͷιͲ͵ǯͻιͳͺǯǤǣͷͲͲǡͳͷͳͻͺȋϐȌǡMambo 7
Ǥʹͳͻ
3.7 Materials and Methods
(MO,P,WAG); path from Ndibise to Mejelet, west of Bangem Bakossi. 5°04’N 9°42’E. Alt: 1000m, 9 June 1987
ȋϐǡȌǡEtuge 521 (BR,MO); Korup National Park, P transect, NE corner of plot 25G. 5°01’N 8°47’E. Alt: 100m,
31 May 2000 (st), Burgt, X.M. van der 604 (G,SCA,WAG); Buea-Douala. South Korup Reserve, rocky river banks
ǡƬǤͶιͷͷǯͺιͷͲǯǤǣͷͲǡ ͳͻͺ͵ȋϐǡȌǡThomas, D.W. 2271 (MO,WAG).
, Ǧ: Parc des Monts de cristal, environ du Plot III, Smithsonian. 0°37.0’N 10°24.0’E. Alt:
432m, 14 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 977 (LBV,WAG); Mbe National Park. Monts de Cristal. Follow road at
base of Tchimbele Dam towards picnic area. At curve in road follow stream to left. 0°37’N 10°24’E. Alt: 500m,
1 February 2005 (st), Walters, G.M. 1532 (MO).
Key literature: Farron (1963, 1985).
3
ǤʹʹͲ
Campylospermum vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Farron
Fig. ͵Ͳ
Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 403 (1965). – Gomphia vogelii Hook.f. ex Planch., Lond.
Journ. Bot. 6: 2 (1847). – Ouratea vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Engl. ex Gilg, in Engl. &
ǡ Ǥ ϐǤ Ǥ ͳǡ ǡ ǣ ͳͶʹ ȋͳͺͻ͵ȌǤ Ȃ Monelasmum vogelii (Hook.f. ex
Planch.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 327 (1902). – Type: Vogel 53 (holotype: K!;
isotype: P!), Liberia, Grand Bassam, July 1841.
Ouratea reticulata (P.Beauv.) Engl. ex Gilg var. poggei Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 81 (1893).
– Monelasmum poggei (Engl.) Tiegh., Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (Dec. 1902). –
Ouratea poggei (Engl.) Gilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 272 (1904). – Campylospermum vogelii
(Hook.f. ex Planch.) Farron var. poggei (Engl.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35:
404 (1965). – Lectotype (here designated): Pogge 684 (holotype: B†; isotype: COI!),
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mukenge, March 12th, 1881.
Ouratea dewevrei De Wild. et Th.Dur., Ann. Mus. Congo, Bot., sér. 3, 1: 37 (1901). –
Exomicrum dewevrei (De Wild. et Th.Dur.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 339
(1902). – Monelasmum dewevrei (De Wild. et Th.Dur.) Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot.
18: 35 (1903). – Type: Dewèvre 744 (holotype: BR!; isotype: BR(2x)!), Democratic
Republic of the Congo, 1896.
Exomicrum foliosum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Type: Staudt 268
(holotype: COI!; isotype: G!, S!), Cameroon, Lolodorf, 1896.
Exomicrum lolodorfense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 340 (1902). – Type: Staudt
129 (holotype: COI!; isotype: G!, K!, S!), Cameroon, Lolodorf, 1896.
Monelasmum hiernii Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 328 (1902). – Gomphia hiernii
(Tiegh.) Lye, Lidia 4(3): 92 (1998). – Type: Welwitsch 4605 (holotype: COI!; isotype:
BM!, G!, K!), Angola, Malanje, Pungo, Andongo.
Monelasmum molleri Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (1902). – Campylospermum
vogelii (Hook.f. ex Planch.) Farron var. molleri (Tiegh.) Farron, Bull. Jard. Bot. État
Bruxelles 35: 404 (1965). – Type: Moller s.n. (holotype: COI!; isotype: BM!), Sao-Tomé,
Boca (destricto Novo Destino), May 1885.
Monelasmum thomense Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 8, Bot. 16: 335 (1902). – Type: Moller
s.n. (holotype: COI!), Sao-Tomé, July 1885.
Ouratea dinklagei Gilg, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 265 (1904). – Type: Dinklage 945 (holotype:
B†; isotype: WAG!), Cameroon, Gross Batanga.
3.7 Materials and Methods
Monelasmum jollyanum Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 9, Bot. 10: 168 (1907). – Type Jolly s.n.
(holotype: P!), Ivory Coast, 1895-1896.
Tree up to 13 m tall, bole up to 7(–10) cm in diameter, with branched trunk; twigs with
brownish white bark. Stipules caducous, leaving a conspicuous scar at the base of
the petiole, triangular, 1–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long; leaf blade narrowly
elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate or sometimes elliptic, ȋȂȌͻȂʹ͵ȋȂʹȌ ȋʹȂȌ͵Ȃ
ͻȋȂͳͲȌ , ratio ȋʹǤʹȂȌʹǤͶȂ͵Ǥ, base cuneate to attenuate, apex acute to acuminate,
coriaceous to papyraceous, not to slightly bullate, margin serrate to serrulate, medium
green above, paler green below, glossy to dull on both sides; midrib prominent above,
prominent to slightly so below, main lateral veins 10–25 on either side, 8–16(–20)
mm apart, prominent on both sides, more or less at a right angle with the midrib but
curved upward to run parallel to the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between
each pair of main laterals, prominent on both sides, tertiary venation scalariform,
perpendicular to the midrib, joined by cross veinlets, distinct to slightly so above,
distinct below. ϔ terminal, branched, lax, its main axis 3–14(–22) cm long,
ϐǡ ; pairwise scales at the base of peduncle absent;
racemes ȋͳ–)͵ȂǡȋʹȂȌͷȂȋȂͳ͵Ȍ ; cymules ͳȂʹ ǡʹȂǦϐǢ
caducous, triangular, c. 1 mm long. Flower: pedicel 6–13 mm long, articulated at ͵Ȃ
mm from the baseǢǡϐͷȂͺͳǤͷȂ͵ǡͳͲȂͳͷ
5–6 mm and enveloping the drupelets, base rounded, apex acute; petals obovate, 3–10
x 3–6 mm, truncate at base, rounded to slightly emarginated at apex; stamens anthers
4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style 5–6 mm long. Fruit: receptacle c. 1 mm thick
ϐǡ Ǥ͵ǢͳͶ ǡellipsoid to
ellipsoid-oblong, 7–10 x 5–6 mm; cotyledons incumbent, dissimilar in size, with a
small outer cotyledon.
Notes: The varieties C. vogelii (Hook. f) Farron var. poggei (Engl.) Farron and C. vogelii
(Hook. f) Farron var. molleri (Tiegh.) Farron are lumped into C. vogelii. Farron (1965)
does not state why he recognized these varieties, nor does he explain that in his 1967
ͳͻͺͷ Ǥ ϐ ǡ Ǥ molleri
ϐ ǡ
environmental conditions in which the plant grows. Then, from the fact that in his Flore
du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi treatment he only treats var. poggei (along with var.
costatum, but see C. costatum) and writes this is found from Angola to Uganda, Kenya
and Tanzania, we conclude that Farron treats the Central and East African material as
being distinct from the typical West African var. vogelii. However, we failed to identify
consistent characters to distinguish these geographical populations and thus decided
not to recognize any varieties within C. vogelii.
C. vogelii can be easily confused with C. reticulatum, but it differs by having a compressed
ϐ ϐ ǤC. vogelii has a scalariform tertiary venation
3
Ǥʹʹͳ
3
Ǥʹʹʹ
3.7 Materials and Methods
A
B
ͳ
ʹ
͵ͲǤ Campylospermum vogelii. A. Fruiting branch. B. Flowering branch. ͳ & ʹ. Cotyledon. Drawings by Sabine Bousani
͵ͳ. Distribution of Campylospermum vogelii
3.7 Materials and Methods
which is perpendicular to the midrib and joined by cross veinlets.
Distribution: Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon,
ǡ ǡ ± Ƭ ǡ ǡ
Republic of the Congo, Angola, Democratic Republic of Angola, Uganda, Burundi,
western Tanzania and northern Zambia (Map ͵ͳ).
Ecology: primary or secondary forest, open understory forest, gallery and swamp area,
forest, forest edges, coastal forest; on rocks along the sea-shore and white sandy soil; at
up to 1800 m altitude.
PhenologyǣϐǤ
Vernacular names: Cameroon: Okoga (Yaounde); Central African Republic: Mabungu
(Lissongo); ± Ƭ : Café bravo; Sierra Leone: Tongane-le or Bue-le
(Sherbro).
Usesǣ ϐȋͳͻͻȌǤ
ϐȋ ͳͻȌǤ
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαǡͳͲͺǡͳͶͲ2ǡαͺǡͺǡʹͲ2ǡ αͳͻ
ȋ αͷ͵ȌǤ Ǥ
It occurs in numerous protected areas, and therefore the category of Least Concern has
been applied.
Specimens examined:
, CabindaǣǤͶιͶǯͳʹι͵ǯǡͺͳͻͳͻȋϐȌǡGossweiler 7986 (BM,COI,K,LISC); :
de Monte Lau-Monte Belo (Cazengo). 9°18’S 14°43’E, December 1912 (fr), Gossweiler 5434 (COI,LISC);
Cuanza Sulǣ ǡØǤͳͲιͷʹǯͳͶιʹͲǯǤǣͳͲͻ͵ǡʹʹ ͳͻͷͷȋȌǡCaldas 836 (LUA);
ǡǡ ǤͳͲιͶͷǯͳͶιͳͺǯǤǣͺͷͲǡͳͲ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡGossweiler 9961 (BM,COI,K);
ǡ ǡ Ǥ ͳͲιͷͳǯ ͳͶιʹʹǯǤ ǣ ͳͲͷͲǡ ͳ ͳͻ ȋϐȌǡ Teixeira, J.M.L.B.
11696ȋȌǢ ǡǡ ǤͳͲιͷͳǯͳͶιʹʹǯǤǣͳͲͷͲǡʹͺͳͻȋϐǡȌǡTeixeira,
J.M.L.B. 11781ȋȌǢ ǡ ϐ ǤͳͲιͷͳǯͳͶιʹʹǯǤǣͳͲͷͲǡʹ
December 1967 (fr), Teixeira, J.M.L.B. 11839 (LUA); MalanjeǣǡǤͻιͶͲǯͳͷι͵ͷǯǡȋϐȌǡWelwitsch,
F.M.J. 4605 (BM,COI,G,K).
, Bubanza: Route de Butara, pont de la Kagunuzi. 3°03’S 29°20’E. Alt: 1200m, 17 December 1967
(fr), Lewalle 2550 (BM,BR,K); Gitegaǣ ϐǦǤ͵ιͳͷǯ͵ͲιͲʹǯǡʹͷ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡBen 2113
ȋȌǢϐǦǤ͵ιͳͷǯ͵ͲιͲʹǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͷͺȋϐǡȌǡBen 2388 (EA,K).
, Central Province: près de l’étang Atemengue (Melen), station de pêche et pisciculture de
Ǥ͵ιͷʹǯͳͳι͵ͳǯǡͳͳͻͲȋϐȌǡEndengle 179 (P); près de Banda, à 56 km SW de Linte. 5°08’N
ͳͳιʹͳǯǡ ͳͻ ͳͻͺʹ ȋϐȌǡ Nkongmeneck 290 ȋȌǢ Ǥ ͶιͲ͵ǯ ͳʹιͷ͵ǯǡ ʹͷ ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐȌǡ Letouzey
1780 (P); near ferry Nachtigal 20 km N. of Obala. 4°21’N 11°38’E. Alt: 400m, 11 June 1964 (st), Wilde, W.J.J.O.
de 2665 ȋ ȌǢ Ǥ Ͷιʹͳǯ ͳͳιͶͳǯǤ ǣ ͶͷͲǡ ʹ ͳͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Lowe, J. 3548 (K); Nachtigal.
4°21’N 11°41’E. Alt: 450m, 13 February 1979 (fr), Lowe, J. 3756 ȋǡ ȌǢ ͶͲ
ancienne de Kribi. 3°40’N 11°20’E, 5 May 1970 (st), Farron 7268 (P); pentes Orientales du Mt Yangba (1473
Ȍ°ϐȋͶʹϐȌǤ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤͷιͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡͻͳͻ
ȋϐȌǡ Letouzey 7830 ȋȌǢ ǡ ϐ ǯǡ ° ȋͶͷ ǯȌǤ
ͶιͳͲǯͳͳι͵ʹǯǡʹ ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡLetouzey 9780 (BR,K); East Province: Km 55 of road MeigangaGaroua Boulai. 6°10’N 14°22’E, 2 February 1966 (st), Leeuwenberg 7694 (BAS,BR,P,WAG); Littoral: près de
ϐȋ ȌǡǦͳʹȋͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤ±ȌǤͶιͷǯ
ͻιͷǯǡͻ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLetouzey 11175 (K,P); South ProvinceǣǤ͵ιͳͶǯͳͲιͶ͵ǯǡͳͺͻȋϐȌǡ
Staudt 129 (COI,G,K,S); Urwaldgebiet. 3°14’N 10°43’E, 1896 (fr), Staudt 268 (COI,G,S); 18 km NW Bipinde,
près Gouep. 3°10’N 10°17’E, 24 April 1974 (fr), Villiers, J.F. 869 (P); près de Bella, 45 km NE de Kribi. 3°15’N
ͳͲιͳʹǯǡʹͷ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡLetouzey 4175 (P); 60 km S. of Edéa, S. of Mboké, 11 km E. of km 58 of road
Edéa-Kribi. 3°21’N 10°10’E. Alt: 100m, 22 April 1965 (st), Leeuwenberg 5509 (B,BAS,BR,C,EA,FHI,GC,K,LISC,
3
Ǥʹʹ͵
3.7 Materials and Methods
3
ǤʹʹͶ
MO,P,PRE,SRGH,UC,WAG,YA); South-West Province: near Mbu village, 10 kms west of Wone which is on the
ǦǤͷιͲ͵ǯͻιͳͺǯǤǣͷͲͲǡͳͷͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡMambo 17 (MO,P,WAG); Mamfe town, on
ǤͷιͶǯͻιʹͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡThomas,
D.W. 7306 (BR,K,MO,WAG); Kumba Distr. S. Bakundu F.R. from the footpath leading to the T.S.S. Experimental
ͳǤͶι͵ͲǯͻιʹͷǯǡͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡOlorunfemi FHI 30501 (FHI,K); West Province: Noun river 21 km NNE
ǤͷιͳͲǯͳͲιͶͷǯǤǣͲͲǡͷͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 2459 (BAS,BR,P,WAG,YA).
, LobayeǣǤ͵ιͷͶǯͳιͷͷǯǡʹͲ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡTisserant (Équipe)
785ȋȌǢǤ͵ιͷͶǯͳιͷǯǡʹʹ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡTisserant (Équipe) 799 (G); Boukoko. 3°54’N 17°55’E, 9
May 1952 (fr), Tisserant (Équipe) 2423 (P); Ǧ±±: environ de Baboua, 3 km sur la piste de Besson.
ιͳͷǯͳͶιͷͲǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͶȋϐǡȌǡDescoings 12704 (P); Ǧ±: region de Bocaranga au bord
±±ȋǦȌǤιʹͲǯͳͷιͶǯǡʹ ͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡ
Eckendorf 97 (BR); Ǧ±±: Bayanga. 2°54’N 16°16’E. Alt: 350m, May 1987 (fr), Harris, D.J. s.n.
(E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Kouilou: Région de Kouilou, Mayombe à Goumina (près de Sounda). 4°29’S
ͳͳιͶ͵ǯǡ ʹͲ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Dowsett-Lemaire 1315 (BR); ǣ ± ǡ ϐ
Ǥ͵ιͳǯͳʹι͵͵ǯǡͳͳͻͷȋϐȌǡSita 1197 (WAG); Pool: île M’Bamou. 4°13’S 15°25’E,
ͳ͵ ͳͻȋϐȌǡSita 1831 (WAG); île M’Bamou, près de Moutou ya N’Gombé. 4°13’S 15°25’E, 3 November
ͳͻȋϐȌǡSita 1917ȋ ȌǢǤ͵ιͷǯͳͶιʹͷǯǡʹͳͻͺȋϐȌǡSita 2577 (BR); île M’Bamou,
±ǤͶιͳ͵ǯͳͷιʹͷǯǡʹͻ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡSita 2774 (BR); Sangha: NouabléNdoki National Park, Goualougo Study Site, 37.38 km E-SE de Bomassa. 2°11.0’N 16°31.3’E. Alt: 377m, 15
ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡNdolo Ebika 306 (E,WAG); Nouablé-Ndoki National Park, Goualougo Study Site, 36.99 km
ǦǤʹιͳʹǤǯͳι͵ͳǤͳǯǤǣ͵ͻǡ͵ͳ ʹͲͲͺȋϐȌǡNdolo Ebika 314 (E,WAG).
ȋ Ȍ, Bandundu: Lulua, 6°s. Br. 5°02’S 21°07’E, 24 November 1881 (st), Pogge 673 (US);
Bas-Congoǣ ǡ ± Ǥ ͷι͵ͳǯ ͳ͵ιʹʹǯǡ ͷ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Toussaint, L. 624 (BR,K);
ȋȌǤͷι͵͵ǯͳͷιͳͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡCompère 666 (EA,K); Gimbi, parc de la Fuka.
5°29’S 13°22’E, 2 November 1953 (fr), Wagemans 710 (EA,K,US,WAG); 6°30’S 23°55’E, 23 September 1981
ȋϐǡȌǡNsimundele 923ȋȌǢǤͷι͵ͺǯͳ͵ιͲͶǯǡͺͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWagemans 1618 (BR,K); Luki. 5°38’S
13°04’E, 27 December 1948 (fr), Donis 2131 (K,WAG); Equateur: Lac Tumba. 0°52’S 18°08’E, 21 September
ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡThonet 253ȋȌǢǤͲιͲͲǯͳͺιͳͶǯǡͳ ͳͺͻȋϐȌǡDewèvre 744 (BR); Bokuma.
0°06’S 18°41’E, 9 May 1942 (fr), Hulstaert 785 (BR); Watsi-Kengo (Boende). 0°48’S 20°33’E, 14 November
ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡEvrard, C.M. 2956 (K,WAG); Kasai-Occidental: Bachwald bei Mukenge. 6°00’S 22°20’E, 12 March
ͳͺͺͳȋϐȌǡPogge 684 (COI); Katanga (Shaba)ǣǤͳͲιͶͳǯʹʹιʹͳǯǡʹ͵ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡYoung, R.G.N. 221
ȋǡ ǡȌǢǡʹͻǤͳͲιͷǯʹʹιʹͳǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡDuvigneaud, P.A. 2451 (BRLU); Biano Hotel.
ͳͲιͳͷǯʹιͲ͵ǯǤǣͳͷʹͲǡʹ ͳͻʹȋϐȌǡSchmitz, A. 7802 (WAG); Ǧ: PNA sect. Watalinga.
ͲιͶͷǯʹͻιͷͲǯǡͳͻͳͻͶͺȋϐǡȌǡWilde, JMHJR de 189 (BR); Rivière Lenda. 0°20’N 28°40’E, 8 June
1956 (fr), Christiaensen 1767 (K,WAG); OrientaleǣǤͳιͷǯ͵Ͳι͵ͲǯǡͺͳͻͷͳȋϐǡȌǡSmeyers 1
ȋ ȌǢǤǡͳιͷǯ͵Ͳι͵Ͳǯǡͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡDevillé, A. 129 (K,WAG); Lekwa-Djugu. 2°02’N 30°32’E,
2 June 1957 (fr), Froment 184 ȋǡȌǢ ǦǤ ʹιͲʹǯ ͵Ͳι͵ʹǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͷͻ ȋϐȌǡ Devillé, A. 200
(BR,K,WAG); Mont Hawa. 2°50’N 30°43’E, 13 December 1951 (fr), Smeyers 211 (WAG); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E.
Alt: 750m, 5 May 1982 (st), Hart, T.B. 275ȋȌǢǤʹιʹͷǯʹιͳͺǯǡͳͻʹͳȋϐȌǡClaessens 517 (BR,S); In
ǤͳιͷͷǯʹͻιͳͲǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡͺͳͻͻͲȋϐǡȌǡTerashima, H. 667 (BR); Environ Wala.
ʹιͷʹǯʹι͵ͺǯǡͳͻͲȋϐȌǡSeret 799 (BR,K); Bas-Uele. 4°06’N 22°23’E, 16 April 1935 (st), Dewulf, A. 834 (BR);
Ǥͳιͷǯ͵Ͳι͵ͲǯǤǣͳͺͲͲǡʹͷͳͻͷͷȋϐȌǡChristiaensen 1116 (BR); Epulu. 1°25’N 28°35’E.
ǣͷͲǡͳͻͻȋϐȌǡHart, T.B. 1677ȋȌǢǤʹιͳͲǯ͵ͲιͶͲǯǡͳͻ͵ͻȋϐȌǡGilbert, G.C.C. 2346
ȋǡȌǢȋ±± ȌǤͶιͲͻǯʹͷιͲͶǯǡͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡLebrun 2827 (WAG); Djugu-Kibali. 1°56’N 30°30’E,
ͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡLebrun 3885 (K,WAG); Sud-Kivu: Busangania. 2°21’S 28°48’E, 18 January 1939 (fr),
Rossignol 178ȋȌǢǤʹιʹͲǯʹͺιͶǯǡʹ͵ͳͻͷʹȋϐȌǡPierlot 395 (BR,K); Igande, Mwenga
ȋȌǤʹιͷǯʹͺιʹǯǡͳͷ ͳͻͷͻȋϐȌǡLéonard, A. 5004 (WAG).
, Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Mundung ‘Les 4 montagnes’. 1°38’N 10°11’E. Alt: 1000m, 8
January 2003 (st), Desmet, G. 241 (BRLU); Parc national de Monte Alen, à 1h30 de marche du site ECOFAC.
ͳιͶͲǯ ͳͲιͳǯǤ ǣ ͳͳͳͲǡ ͳͷ ʹͲͲʹ ȋϐȌǡ Parmentier 3057 (BRLU); Rio Muni, Litoral: Bata-Niefang:
͵ͷǤÀÀǤͳιͷͳǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǡʹͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡCarvalho, M.F. de 5660
ȋǡ ȌǢ ǡ°Ǥͳι͵ͶǯͻιͷͲǯǡͳͳͻͻȋϐȌǡLisowski 583 (BRLU).
, EstuaireǣǤͲιʹ͵ǯͻιʹǯǡȋϐȌǡKlaine s.n. (FHO,K); brigade forestière de Ekouk
ȋ ȌǤ ͲιͳͲǯ ͳͲιͳͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͺ͵ ȋϐȌǡ Floret 1480 (LBV,WAG); S of Estuaire du
3.7 Materials and Methods
ǤͲιͲͲǯͻιͷͲǯǤǣͳͲǡʹͶ ͳͻͻͳȋϐȌǡMcPherson, G.D.
15449 (MO,WAG); Ǧ±: Parc National des Plateaux Batéké. Bai Jobo. 2°12.53’S 13°52.45’E, 4 June
2005 (st), Niangadouma 501 (MO,WAG); 20 km E de Lelama. 1°00’S 13°43’E. Alt: 441m, 17 November 2009
(st), Bissiengou 896 (LBV,WAG); nouvelle exploitation CEB, vers Okondja. 0°45.4’S 13°50.8’E. Alt: 457m, 18
ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 921 ȋǡ ȌǢ ±±ǡ ͵ ϐǤ
ͳι͵ǯͳ͵ιͷǯǤǣͲͲǡ ͳͻͺͻȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 9982 (WAG); Ǧ±: Mabounié,
à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivière Ngounié. 0°43.78’S 10°33.57’E. Alt: 52m, 11 October
2012 (st), Bidault 771 (BRLU,LBV,MO); Eastern part of the Presidential Reserve Wonga-Wongué; c. 100 km S
Ǣ DzdzǤͲι͵Ͳǯͻι͵͵ǯǤǣͳͲǡʹ
1983 (fr), Wilde (WALK-B) 869 (LBV,MO,P,WAG); ±: route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou.
1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1402 (LBV,WAG); route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km
du village Mandilou. 1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1403 (LBV,WAG); route
Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1404
(LBV,WAG); route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.16’S 10°38.03’E. Alt: 70m, 21 June 2011
(st), Bissiengou 1405 (LBV,WAG); route Fougamou-Yombi, 4 km du village Mandilou. 1°19.21’S 10°38.09’E. Alt:
92m, 21 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1412 (LBV,WAG); Doudou Mountains National Parc 20 km S of Mandji, E of
Mont Igoumbi. 1°51.9’S 10°25.1’E. Alt: 90m, 18 November 2005 (fr), Sosef 2389 (BR,K,LBV,MO,WAG); :
ͳͶ ± ȋ ǦȌǤ ʹιͳǤͲǯ ͳͳιͳǤͳǯǤ ǣ ͳͳǡ ʹ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou
590 (LBV,WAG); Tchibanga 2°50’S 11°00’E, November 1907 (st), Le Testu 1239 (BR,P); ±Ǧ :
Lopé 2 km SW of the village, gallery forest next to a tributary of the Ogooué river. 0°06.70’S 11°36.22’E.
ǣ ͳʹͷǡ ʹͺ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Koenen 13 (LBV,WAG); Lopé 2 km SW of the village. 0°06.68’S 11°36.17’E.
ǣͳʹͷǡʹͺ ʹͲͲͻȋϐǡȌǡKoenen 16 (LBV,WAG); Station d’études des Gorilles et Chimpanzé. 0°10’S
ͳͳι͵ͷǯǡͺͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡMcDonald, K.E. 34 (E); Réserve de la Lopé, 0°07’S 11°37’E. Alt: 100m, 4 July 1986
ȋϐȌǡ Alers, M.P.T. 85 ȋǡ ȌǢ ±ǦǤ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͳͳι͵ͲǯǤ ǣ ʹͲͲǡ ͳͻͺͻ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ White
(series 1) 234ȋȌǢ ȋ±ȌǤͲιͳͺǯͳͳιͶͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡDibata 333 (LBV,WAG); LopéǤ±ǡ± ǤͲιͲǤͲǯͳͳι͵ͷǤͻǯǤǣͳʹʹǡʹͻ ʹͲͲͲȋϐǡȌǡ
Walters, G.M. 436 (MA,MO,WAG); Lopé-Okanda Reserve. 2.6 km E along road from Kazamabika to Offoué River.
ͲιͲǤ͵ǯͳͳιͶ͵ǤͷǯǤǣʹͻͲǡ͵ͳ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡWalters, G.M. 467 (MA,MO); Near Achouka, along Offoué
ǤͲιͲǯͳͳιͶǯǡͳͲͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M. 583 (WAG); Lopé-Okanda Game Reserve, between
Achouka and Kongo-Boumba, ± 1 km S. of camp. 0°06’S 11°30’E. Alt: 200m, 10 November 1983 (fr), Louis,
A.M. 609 (WAG); Lope. 0°06.32’S 11°35.62’E. Alt: 131m, 9 September 2012 (fr), Towns 977 (LBV,WAG); Lopé
ǤͲιͲǯͳͳι͵ǯǤǣͳͲʹǡͶ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 991 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du Parc de la Lopé,
±°±ǤͲιͲǤͷǯͳͳιͶǤ͵ǯǤǣʹͳͳǡ ʹͲͳͲȋȌǡBissiengou 1046
(LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 5 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.14’S
ͳͳιͶͶǤͶͷǯǤǣʹͺͳǡ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1058 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopéǡͷ°ǤͲιͲǤʹʹǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳͷǯǤǣʹͷǡ ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou
1063 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika.
ͲιͲǤͶǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡͺ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1069 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé,
±Ǧǡ͵°ǤͲιͲǤͶǯͳͳιͶͶǤͳǯǤǣ͵Ͳǡͺ ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡ
fr), Bissiengou 1071 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village
Kassamabika. 0°07’S 11°44’E. Alt: 306m, 8 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1075 (LBV,WAG); Nord-Est du parc
de la Lopé, route Lopé-Kassamabika, 3 km après village Kassamabika. 0°07.26’S 11°44.05’E. Alt: 290m, 8
ʹͲͳͲȋϐǡȌǡBissiengou 1078ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲιͲǤ͵ͺǯͳͲιͲʹǤͶʹǯǤǣͳʹͲǡͳʹͲͳʹȋϐǡ
fr), Towns 1116 (LBV,WAG); 9 km après l’entrée du Parc de l’Ivindo. 0°31’N 12°40’E. Alt: 560m, 14 March
ʹͲͳͲȋϐȌǡBissiengou 1195 (LBV,WAG); Ivindo National Park, village Mbes. 0°22.0’N 12°37.1’E. Alt: 400m, 14
March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1203ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲιͲǤͺǯͳͳι͵ͶǤͺǯǤǣͳʹʹǡ ʹͲͳʹȋϐǡȌǡ
Towns 1379ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲιͲͷǤͲ͵ǯͳͳι͵ǤͷǯǤǣͳ͵Ͳǡͺ ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡTowns 1381 (LBV,WAG);
Département de Booué, Parc National de la Lopé, Gallery of the Mingumé. 0°07.07’S 11°35.94’E, 29 August
ʹͲͳʹȋϐȌǡQuiroz-Villarreal 1474ȋ ȌǢǤͲι͵ͲǯͳͳιͷͷǯǡͳͻͺȋϐȌǡLouis, A.M. 2586
(LBV,MO,WAG); Réserve de la Lopé près du centre d’études des gorilles et chimpanzé (CEGC). 0°07’S 11°37’E,
14 July 1993 (st), Lejoly 93/ 102 (BRLU); Réserve de la Lopé près du centre d’études des gorilles et chimpanzé
ȋ ȌǤͲιͲǯͳͳιͶǯǡͳͻ ͳͻͻ͵ȋϐȌǡLejoly 93/ 189 (BRLU); ±Ǧ: Milolé, route première zone
ǯ Ǥ Ͳιͳǯ ͳʹιͶʹǯǡ ͳͶ ʹͲͲͻ ȋϐȌǡ Bissiengou 844 (LBV,WAG); Milolé, route
première zone d’exploitation de CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 846 (LBV,WAG);
Milolé, route première zone d’exploitation de CEB. 0°16’S 12°42’E, 14 November 2009 (fr), Bissiengou 848
3
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3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥʹʹ
ȋǡ ȌǢǤͲιͷͲǯͳʹιͶʹǯǡ ͳͻʹͻȋϐǡȌǡLe Testu 7125 (BM,LISC,P); region de
Lastoursville. 0°50’S 12°42’E, November 1929 (st), Le Testu 7612 (BM,P); ±Ǧ: Petit Loango
Ǥ ʹǤǡ ʹιʹͲǯ ͻι͵ǯǡ ͵ͳ ͳͻͻͺ ȋϐȌǡ Leal, M.E. 86 (BR,E,K,MO,WAG); road to
Ǥ ͳιͷͶǯ ͻιͷǯǡ ʹͷ ͳͻͻͲ ȋϐȌǡ Nek 111 (BR,E,MA,MO,WAG);
ͳͲǤǤͲιʹͺǤͶͲǯͻιʹͳǤ͵ͲǯǤǣͳͲͲǡʹͶʹͲͲͳȋϐǡȌǡSosef 1701 (LBV,WAG); RabiǡǤͳιͷͶǤͺǯͳͲιͲ͵ǤͳǯǤǣͶͲǡʹ ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡWieringa, J.J. 2839 (LBV,WAG); Woleu: concession Rougier du Haut-Abanga, Sud-Est de Mikongo, partie Nord des montagnes Mekié. 0°26.2’N
11°13.5’E. Alt: 953m, 18 July 2008 (st), Dauby 1028 (BRLU).
, Ashanti RegionǣǤι͵ͺǯͲιͶͷǯǤǣͶͷǡʹͲͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡBeveridge, J.A. 109 (FHO);
Nyinahim range, around edge of meadow. 6°36’N 2°07’W. Alt: 610m, 7 June 1958 (fr), Morton, J.K. A 3383 (K);
ǡǤιͶͺǯͳιͲͷǯǤǣ͵ͻǡͳͻʹͺȋϐȌǡVigne FH 1117 (BM,FHO); Juaso. 6°35’N 1°07’W,
April 1930 (fr), Vigne FH 1902 (FHO,K,US); Eastern Region: Aduamoa. 6°38’N 0°45’W, 20 April 1936 (fr),
Beveridge, J.A. 4197 (K); Atewa Range Forest Reserve. 6°09’N 0°36’W. Alt: 792m, 15 May 1967 (fr), Enti 36530
(K).
, ±±±ǣǡǤιͶͲǯͺιͳͻǯǤǣͳͳͲͲǡͳͳͳͻ͵ȋϐǡȌǡAdam, J-G. 27514 (BR,WAG).
IVORY COAST, ǣ 6 September 1895 (fr), Jolly s.n.ȋȌǢͳͻͶͻȋϐȌǡBégué SF 3149 (P); Abidjan:
ǡ±ǤͷιʹͲǯͶιͲ͵ǯǡͻ ͳͻͶȋϐȌǡFrédoux 153 (G); c. 4 km W. of ORSTOM. 17 km W. of
ǡ±ǤͷιͳͺǯͶιͲͺǯǡʹͻ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 331 (K,WAG); 20 km W of
Ǣ Ǥͷιͳǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡWilde, W.J.J.O. de 350
ȋ ȌǢ ǤͷιͳͶǯ͵ιͷͲǯǡͳͶ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 721 (WAG); Abouabou, between
Abidjan and Grand Bassam. 5°17’N 3°54’W. Alt: 2m, 8 January 1959 (fr), Leeuwenberg 2398 (FHO,WAG);
Grand Bassam. 5°14’N 3°45’W, December 1949 (fr), Schnell 3952 (K,P); Centre Suisse d’Adiopodoumé. 5°20’N
4°07’W, 5 April 1970 (fr), Farron 7013 (BR); Abidjan. 5°20’N 4°02’W, (fr), Aubréville SF 1350 (P); Dabou.
5°19’N 4°23’W, June 1949 (fr), Bégué SF 3046ȋȌǢǤͷιͳͷǯ͵ιͷͷǯǡͳͻͶͻȋϐǡȌǡBégué SF 3150
(P); ±ǣǤǡι͵ǯͺιʹͷǯǡͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡAubréville SF 1140 (BR); Tabou: Boubele. 4°29’N 7°15’W,
ͳͺ ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡBamps 2446 (BR); Toumodi: Mt. Oroumbo Bocca 25 km SE of Toumodi. 6°23’N 4°54’W.
ǣͷͲͲǡͳͷͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡOldeman, R.A.A. 47 (K,MO,P,WAG); Oroumba Boka. 6°22’N 4°54’W, 3 October 1956
ȋϐȌǡWilde, J.J.F.E. de 643 (WAG); Oroumbo. 6°23’N 4°53’W, 20 August 1954 (st), Jaeger, P. 4838 (P).
LIBERIA, ǣ ͳͺͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Cook-Carter 127 (US); Grand Bassa: Grand Bassa. 5°53’N 10°03’W, July
1841 (fr), Vogel, J.R.T. 53ȋǡȌǢ Ǥͷιͷ͵ǯͳͲιͲ͵ǯǤǣͳͲǡͳʹͳͺͻȋϐȌǡDinklage 1638 (B,W);
ǣ ǤιͳͶǯͺιͷͻǯǡͳͻͳͻͶȋϐȌǡHarley, W.J. 1398 (K); Jéképa. Mt Nimba. 7°35’N 8°32’W, 25
ͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡAdam, J-G. 25129ȋǡǡ ȌǢ ϐιʹͻǯͺι͵ͶǯǡͳͳͻͲȋȌǡAdam, J-G.
25520 (C,K); Nimba. 7°32’N 8°32’W. Alt: 1100m, 19 May 1970 (fr), Adam, J-G. 25561 (K); crêtre plateau. 7°32’N
ͺι͵ʹǯǤǣͳͳͲͲǡ͵ͲͳͻͲȋϐǡȌǡAdam, J-G. 25700 (C,K,P); 7°35’N 8°32’W, 20 May 1973 (fr), Adam, J-G.
27640 (K,P,UPS); SinoǣǤͷιͳͲǯͻιͲʹǯǡͳͻͲͶȋϐȌǡWhyte, A. s.n. (K).
, Akwa-Ibom Stateǣ ǡǤͶι͵ͻǯιͷǯǡȋϐȌǡTalbot, P.A. s.n. (BM); Cross River
StateǣͶιͷǯͺιͳͻǯǡͳͺʹȋϐȌǡThomson, W.C. 96ȋȌǢǤͶιͷͻǯͺιͳͻǯǡʹͺͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡJohn, D. 389
ȋȌǢ ǡ͵͵ǤͷιʹͲǯιͷͲǯǡͺͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C. van 1234
ȋ ȌǢ ǡ Ǥͳ͵ͻǤͷιͳ͵ǯͺιʹʹǯǡͺͳͻͳȋϐǡȌǡMeer, P.P.C.
van 1530 (WAG); 3 km E of Obudu Cattle Ranch (Obudu), along trail to River Gafunde. 6°40’N 9°06’E, 24 April
ͳͻȋϐȌǡPilz 1976ȋǡǡ ȌǢǡ ǡǤǤǤιͶͲǯͻιͲͻǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡ
Lock GC 43567 (K); Lagos State: near Lagos. 6°27’N 3°23’E, December 1979 (fr), Sharland 991 (K).
2Ƭ , Principe Island: NW of Island, Cocoa and coffee plantation Sundy. 1°40’N 7°23’E.
ǣͷͲǡʹͳͳͻͺȋϐȌǡGroenendijk, E.M.C. 123 (BR,MO,WAG); Pico Yola. 1°38’N 7°22’E. Alt: 250m,
11 December 1998 (fr), Oliveira (Faustino), F. de 216 (BRLU); Pico A Mesa 2 km S of plantation Maria Correia.
ͳι͵ͷǯ ιʹͳǯǤ ǣ ͶͲͲǡ ͳͻͺͲ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Wilde (WALG) de 412 (BR,FHO,FR,MO,STOME,TI,WAG);
ØǡǤͳι͵ǯιʹͷǯǤǣ͵ͲͷǡͳͲ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐǡȌǡExell 543ȋǡ ȌǢȋϐǡȌǡExell 545 (BM,COI);
(fr), Exell 549ȋȌǢǤͳιͶͲǯιʹ͵ǯǤǣͶͷͲǡͳ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 609 (BM,COI); Summit of
Ǥͳι͵ǯιʹͶǯǤǣͳǡʹͻ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 706 (BM,COI); entre St Miguel et Pico
ǤͲιͳͲǯι͵ͳǯǡ͵ͳͻͻͶȋϐȌǡMatos de 7246 (BRLU); Da somidade do Morro ao longo do percurso
± Ǥͳι͵ͺǯιʹ͵ǯǡͻ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 98/ 182 (BRLU); ± :
ͳͺͺͷ ȋϐȌǡ Moller, A.F. 3 (COI); Chemin de Lagoa Amélia. 0°17’N 6°37’E, 16 July 1999 (fr), Joffroy, G. 6
ȋ ȌǢ±ǡǤͲιͳʹǯι͵ͻǯǡͳͺͻͻȋϐȌǡMocquerys 48 (G); S. Vicente. 0°12’N 6°39’E. Alt:
200m, 10 January 1949 (fr), Espirito Santo 108ȋǡ ȌǢȋ ȌǤͲιͳǯι͵ͺǯǤǣͳʹͳͻǡ
͵Ͳ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 147 (BM); descente Rio Lemba avant Agua Cabumbé. 0°12’N 6°33’E. Alt: 240m, 3
3.7 Materials and Methods
ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡOgonovszky 173ȋȌǢ ǤǤͲιͲͶǯι͵ʹǯǤ
ǣʹͷǡʹ͵ ͳͻͺͲȋϐȌǡWilde (WALG)250 (BR,FR,HUJ,MO,STOME,TI,WAG); Base Pico Maria Fernandes.
ͲιͳͲǤ͵ǯι͵ͺǤͷǯǤǣͶͲǡʹ ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡOgonovszky 304 (BRLU); between Vanhulst and S. Nicolau.
Ͳιͳǯι͵ͺǯǤǣͳͲǡͺͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 308 (BM,COI); Bemposta. 0°19’N 6°38’E. Alt: 600m,
ͳͺͺͷȋϐȌǡMoller, A.F. 359ȋ ȌǢ ±ǤͲιͳʹǯι͵͵ǯǤǣ͵ͺͲǡͳͳ ʹͲͲ͵ȋϐȌǡOgonovszky
378ȋȌǢȋ ȌǤͲιͳǯι͵ͺǯǤǣͳʹͳͻǡʹʹͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 422 (BM,COI);
ȋ ȌǤͲιͳǯι͵ͺǯǤǣͳʹͳͻǡʹͶͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡExell 453 (BM,COI); Pico Maria
ǤͲιͳͲǤ͵ǯι͵ͺǤͷǯǤǣͳͲͲǡͳͺ ͳͻͻͺȋϐȌǡOliveira (Faustino), F. de 510 (BRLU); Alt: 1250m,
ͳͺͺͷȋϐȌǡMoller, A.F. 538ȋ ȌǢǦǤǣͷͲͲǡ ͳͺͺͷȋϐȌǡMoller, A.F. 618 (BM,COI); Baté-pa.
ͲιͳͺǯιͶͲǯǤǣͷͲͲǡȋϐȌǡExell 618 (BM); entre Pico de Sao Tomé Castro, 6 km au Sud de Ponta Figo.
Ͳιͳǯι͵͵ǯǤǣͳͺͲͲǡͳ ͳͻͻͷȋϐǡȌǡLejoly 95/ 20 (LISC).
, Casamanceǣ±ǯǣǤͳʹιʹͻǯͳι͵ǯǡͳͳͻ͵ȋϐȌǡBerhaut 6232
(BR); Ziguinchor: Parc National de la Basse Casamance. 12°24’N 16°36’W, 11 August 1982 (fr), Vanden
Berghen 5464 (BR).
, ǣȋϐȌǡAfzelius, A. s.n. (UPS); (fr), Pelly 409 (FHO); Eastern Province: Kambui F.R.
ǤιͷͲǯͳͳιͳͷǯǡʹͷͳͻͷͳȋϐȌǡSmall, D. 56 (K); Southern Province: Alt: 400m, March 1923
ȋϐȌǡDawe 443ȋȌǢǡ Ǥι͵ʹǯͳʹι͵Ͳǯǡͳͻ ͳͻ͵ʹȋϐȌǡDeighton 2473 (K).
, Kagera: Lake province. Itara Minziro forest Reserve, Bukoba. 1°00’S 31°50’E. Alt: 1158m, 9
ͳͻͷͷ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Benedicto 33 ȋǡ ǡȌǢ ǡ Ǥ ͳιͷͷǯ ͵ͳιͲͲǯǡ ȋϐȌǡ Pitt-Schenkel
265 (FHO); Kaigi. 1°23’S 31°49’E, May 1935 (fr), Gillman 275 (EA,K); Rwasima. 1°20’S 31°42’E. Alt: 1219m,
December 1925 (fr), Wigg, L.T. 317 (K); Kaigi. 1°23’S 31°49’E, 30 September 1935 (fr), Gillman 351 (EA,K);
Ǥ ͳιʹ͵ǯ ͵ͳιͶͻǯǤ ǣ ͳʹͳͻǡ ͳͻͷ ȋϐȌǡ Procter 711 (EA,K); Bukoba Prov.
ȋȌǤǤͳιͷͷǯ͵ͳιͲͲǯǡʹͳͻ͵ͳȋϐȌǡWigg, L.T. 718 (FHO,K); Rubare
ǡ Ǥͳιʹ͵ǯ͵ͳιͶͻǯǤǣͳʹͳͻǡ ͳͻͷͺȋϐȌǡProcter 834 (EA,K); Rubare
Forest Reserve. 1°23’S 31°49’E. Alt: 1219m, November 1958 (fr), Procter 1057 (EA,K); near Bukoba. 1°23’S
31°49’E. Alt: 1189m, August 1931 (fr), Haarer 2131 (EA,G,K); 15 km from Bukoba, along the road to the N.
ͳιͳʹǯ͵ͳιͷͲǯǤǣͳʹͶͲǡ͵Ͳ ͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡBreteler 11623 (BR,MO,S,WAG); Katoma 10 km W of Bukoba.
ͳιͳͺǯ͵ͳιͶͷǯǤǣͳͳͶͲǡ͵ͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡBreteler 11714 (BR,MO,PR,S,WAG).
, Bugandaǣ ǤͲιʹͷǯ͵ʹιʹͷǯǤǣͳͳ͵Ͷǡʹͳ ͳͻͷȋϐȌǡDawkins 855 (BM,FHO,K);
ǤǡͶǤͲιͷͲǯ͵ͲιͲǯǡʹ ͳͻͷ͵ȋϐȌǡDrummond,
R.B. 4544ȋǡǡǡǡȌǢͳͳͷͺͲιͲͺǯ͵ʹιʹͶǯǤǣͳͳͷͺǡ ͳͻͶͺȋϐȌǡMaitland, T.D. Uganda 796 (K);
Southern Provinceǣ Ǥ Ͳιʹͷǯ ͵ͲιͲͲǯǡ ͳͻͶͺ ȋϐȌǡ Jasi, R.A. 51 (K); Western Province:
ǤͲιͷͻǯʹͻιͶͳǯǡͳͷͳͻͻʹȋϐȌǡCunningham, A.B. 3096 (K).
ZAMBIA, Luapula: Mukabi, Kawambwa. 9°48’S 29°08’E, 6 December 1961 (fr), Lawton 807 (FHO).
Key literature:Ƭ ȋͳͻȌǡƬȋͳͻͷͳȌǡ (1963, 1965,
1985), Hawthorne & Jongkind (2006), Hooker & Bentham (1849), Johnston & Stapf
(1906), Robson (1963).
Campylospermum warneckei (Gilg ex Engl.) Biss.
Blumea 58: 7 (2013). – Ouratea warneckei ǤǡǤͻǡϐǤ
Afr. 3, 2: 490 (1921). – Type: Warnecke 468 (holotype: B, probably destroyed; isotype:
BM!, E!, EA!, K!, Z!), Tanzania, Amani, 1907.
Tree to treelet, rarely scandent shrub, ͳͷ, with branched stem; twigs with
whitish bark. Stipules caducous, triangular, 2–5 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–5 mm long;
leaf blade narrowly elliptic, ȋͻȂȌͳͳȂʹͷ ȋʹȂȌ͵Ȃ , ratio ʹǤͻȂͷǤ, base attenuate,
apex acute to slightly acuminate, often with a sharp or mucronate tip, papyraceous
to coriaceous, not bullate, dark green above, medium green below, dull on both sides,
margin serrulate but entire towards the base; venation: midrib prominent on both
sides, main lateral veins 8–21 on either side, 7–15 mm apart, prominent above, slightly
3
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3.7 Materials and Methods
3
Ǥʹʹͺ
prominent below, at a ± right angle with the midrib but curved upwards to run parallel
with the margin, intermediate lateral veins 0–2 in between each pair of main laterals,
less distinct, tertiary venation scalariform, perpendicular to the midrib, with a
pattern of very closely spaced cross-veinlets also predominently perpendicular
to the midrib, distinct above, less distinct beneath. ϔ terminal or rarely
axillary, branched, lax, its main axis (3–)11–19 cm long; pairwise scales at the base of
peduncle absent; racemes 2–6, 3–13 cm long, horizontal or slightly erecto-patent,
thin but woodyǢ ͲǤͷȂͳ ǡͳȂǦϐǢ ǡ ǤͳǤ
Flower: pedicel 8–15 mm long, articulated at 1–3 mm from the base; sepals ovate, 5–8
ʹȂ͵ϐǡȂͺ͵ȂͶǡǡ Ǣǡ
5–13 x 5–8 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded to slightly emarginate; stamens: anthers
4–6 mm long; ovary c. 1 mm long; style 4–5 mm long. Fruit: receptacle enlarged to 5 x
4 mm in fruit; drupelets 1 to 4 well developed per receptacle, ellipsoid to subglobose,
7–8 x 5–6; cotyledons incumbent, cotyledons more or less similar in size.
Notes: We do not agree sinking this species into C. reticulatum, as suggested by Farron
(1965) and Verdcourt (2005). C. warneckei has a typical scalariform tertiary venation,
easily distinguished from the reticulate venation in the latter. Moreover, the cotyledons
of C. reticulatum ǡ ǡ
while those of C. warneckei are always more or less similar in size. This, in combination
Ǧ ǡ ϐ
recognize the taxon as distinct at species level. C. warneckei is also close to C. lunzuense
which differs in having spinulose-serrate leaves and pedicels generally articulating
much further from the base.
Finally, Gilg (1921) does not refer to a specimen to serve as the obvious type of his name,
but the text on the label of Warnecke 468 matches the data given in the protologue,
making it clear that it should be regarded as the type.
Distribution: southernmost Kenya and Tanzania (Map ͵Ͳ).
Ecology: primary and secondary rain forest, moist submontane rain forest; at 250–1100
m altitude.
Phenologyǣ ϐ
December.
Uses: Food plant of Hypolycaena buxtoniȋϐǢCongdon 569)
IUCN conservation statusǣǤαͳ͵ʹǡͺͳ2ǡα͵ͻǡʹͳͻ2ǡ αʹͳȋ
αȌǤ ǡ
suggesting it is not rare. It has numerous recent collections occurring in Forest Reserves
such as Kwamkoro, Luhega, Magombera, Nkungwe, Udzungwa Scarp all in Tanzania,
and Mwele and Shimba Hills in Kenya. Therefore, the category of Least Concern seems
most appropriate.
Specimens examined:
3.7 Materials and Methods
, Coastǣ ǡǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤǣͶʹǡͳͲ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡMagogo 53
ȋǡȌǢ ǡ ǤͶιͳǯ͵ͻιʹʹǯǡͳͺ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡLuke 229 (EA); Shimba Hills,
ǤͶιͳͶǯ͵ͻιʹͷǯǤǣ͵ͷǡͳͳͻͻȋϐǡȌǡMagogo 898 (EA,K); Shimba Hills, Mwele
Ǥ Ͷιͳǯ ͵ͻιʹͳǯǤ ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ʹ ͳͻͺͻ ȋϐȌǡ Luke 1845 (EA,K); Longomagandi. 4°14’S 39°25’E. Alt:
390m, 18 March 1991 (st), Luke 2736 (EA,K,MO); Shimba hills N.R. Mwele F.R. 4°15’S 39°22’E. Alt: 350m, 10
ʹͲͲͳȋϐȌǡRobertson, S.A. 7392 (K).
, Iringa: Luhega Forest Reserve, Iringa District, T7. 8°21’S 35°58’E. Alt: 800m, 24 February 1997
ȋϐǡȌǡHorlyck TZ 388 (C); Udzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve. 8°23’S 35°58’E. Alt: 1100m, 15 December 1997
ȋϐǡȌǡFrimodt-Møller TZ 545 (C,K); Lindi: Mchinjiri. face of Rondo escarpment. 10°12’S 39°15’E. Alt: 701m,
ͳͻͷͳ ȋϐȌǡ Eggeling 6425 (EA,FHO,K); Morogoro: Udzungwa Mountains, sanje. 7°46’S 36°54’E.
ǣͻͳͲǡʹͳͻͺ͵ȋϐȌǡLovett, J.C. 214 (K); Mkungwe, slopes NW of the ridge. 6°53’S 37°55’E, 25
January 2001 (fr), Jannerup 276 (K); Udzungwa Mountains National Park, above sanje. 8°15’S 35°50’E. Alt:
ͲͲǡʹʹ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡCongdon, T.C.E. 569 (K); Manyangu forest reserve. 6°09’S 37°35’E, 18 September
ͳͻͲȋϐȌǡPaulo, S. 796 (BR,EA,K); Manyangu forests, Nguru mountains, Turiani. 6°07’S 37°34’E, April 1953
ȋϐȌǡ Semsei 1165 ȋǡȌǢ ǤǦ Ǥ ιͶͺǯ ͵ιͲͲǯǤ ǣ ʹͷͲǡ ͻ ͳͻȋϐȌǡ
Vollesen MRC 4458ȋǡ ȌǢǡ Ǥιͷ͵ǯ͵ιͷͷǯǡͺ ʹͲͲͲȋϐȌǡ
Mhoro UMBCP 318 (C,MO); Tanga: Sangarawe, Kwamkoro. 5°08’S 38°37’E, 7 March 1906 (fr), Zimmermann,
N. 1101ȋȌǢ ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǡͳͺͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡRuffo 1997 (C,K,WAG);
ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǡ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡRuffo 2014 (C,K); Kidada (Kishamb), Uberi.
ͷιͲǯ͵ͺι͵͵ǯǤǣͳͲǡͳ ͳͻ͵͵ȋϐȌǡGreenway 3326 (EA,FHO,K); East Usambara Mts. Kwamkoro
ǤͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǤǣͻͶͲǡͳͺͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡRuffo 86825 (K,UPS); Amani-Sigi Forest
Reserve at the Sigi headwaters S. of Amani near Kwamkoro sawmills. 5°06’S 38°38’E. Alt: 1000m, 19 February
ͳͻͺʹȋϐǡȌǡBorhidi 82/ 25 (UPS); East Usambara Mts. Kwamkoro Forest Reserve S.E of Kwamkoro Tea Estate.
ͷιͲͺǯ͵ͺι͵ͻǯǤǣͻͺͲǡʹͺ ͳͻͺȋϐȌǡBorhidi 86/ 226 (K,UPS); East Usambara Mts. Kwamkoro F.R.
ͷιͳͲǯ͵ͺιͶͺǯǤǣͳͲͲͲǡ ͳͻͺȋϐǡȌǡPócs, T. 87/ 32 (UPS); East Usambara. Kwankoro Forest
ǡ Ǥ ͷιͳͲǯ ͵ͺι͵ǯǤ ǣ ͻͲͲǡ ͷ ͳͻͺ ȋϐǡ Ȍǡ Iversen, S.T. 87/ 213
ȋǡȌǢǤͷιͲǯ͵ͺι͵ͺǯǡͳͻͲ͵ȋϐǡȌǡWarnecke Amani 468 (BM,E,EA,FHO,WAG,Z); Monga.
5°06’S 38°37’E, 28 December 1916 (fr), Zimmermann g 6667 (EA); Monga. 5°06’S 38°37’E, 8 December 1916
ȋϐȌǡZimmermann g 6668ȋȌǢǤͷιͲǯ͵ͺι͵ǯǡʹͶͳͻͳȋϐȌǡZimmermann g 6669 (EA);
ǡǤͷιͲͺǯ͵ͺι͵ǯǡͻͳͻͳȋϐȌǡZimmermann g 6670 (EA).
Key literature: Farron (1965), Verdcourt (2005).
Campylospermum spec.
The following specimens could be assigned to the genus Campylospermum, but
were generally too scanty to identify them down to the species level. For the sake of
completeness, these are cited below:
, East Province: 34 km à l’WNW de Mopwo (village situé au km 22 de la route YokadoumaȌ ͳȀʹͲͲͲͲͲǤǤ͵ιͶͺǯͳͶιͷ͵ǯǡ ͳͻ͵ȋȌǡLetouzey 5245 (K,P).
ȋ Ȍ, Cuvette: Alima-Likouala, route Kellé-Obeli. 0°13’S, 14°20’E, 13 December 1970
(st), Sita 2976 (WAG).
, Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Parc National de Monte Alen, 2 km au NE du site de traversée
du Rio Uolo pour aller aux cataractas. 1°37.1’N 10°04.7’E, 12 February 2002 (st), Senterre 2303 (BRLU).
, EstuaireǣǡͺͷǤǤ ǤͲιʹͶǯͳͲιͳͺǯǡ ͳͺͻȋϐȌǡBates, G.L. 541 (BM); Moyen±: Mabounié, à 45 km au sud-ouest de Lambaréné, près de la rivière Ngounié. 0°43.68’S, 10°33.65’E. Alt:
33m, 11 October 2012 (fr), Bidault. 753 (LBV,MO); ±: vieux chantier forestier. 2°18.85’S, 11°55.70’E.
Alt: 356m, 19 June 2011 (st), Bissiengou 1389 (LBV,WAG); Agouma. 1°36’S, 10°10’E, December 1925 (st),
Le Testu 5832 (BR,P); ±Ǧ ǣ ͲιͳͲǯǡ ͳͳι͵ͷǯǡ ʹ ͳͻͻʹ ȋϐȌǡ McDonald, K.E. 11 (E); Lopé
ǡǦ ǤͲιͳͲǯǡͳͳι͵ͷǯǡʹͳͻͺͺȋϐȌǡJongkind
714 (BR,WAG); Nord-Est du parc de la Lopé, 35½ km sur la route Lopé-Kassamabika. 0°07.38’S, 11°40.73’E.
Alt: 204m, 5 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1038 (LBV,WAG); route Makokou-Mekambo. 0°45’N 13°14’E. Alt:
619m, 13 March 2010 (st), Bissiengou 1180 (LBV,WAG); ±Ǧ: 10.5 km from Lastoursville Railway
ǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ͲιͶǯǡ ͳʹιͶͷǯǤ ǣ ͵ͲͲǡ ͳͺ ͳͻͺͺ ȋϐȌǡ Maesen, L.J.G. van der
5594 (LBV,WAG).
3
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