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2005, Swara: Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society
Proceedings of the Zoological Society
Pollen Transport in the Dark: Hawkmoths Prefer Non Crop Plants to Crop Plants in an Agricultural Landscape2017 •
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
Interactions between hawkmoths and flowering plants in East Africa: polyphagy and evolutionary specialization in an ecological context2013 •
Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) are considered important pollinators in tropical regions, but the frequency and degree of reciprocal specialization of interactions between hawkmoths and flowers remain poorly understood. Detailed observations at two sites in Kenya over a two-year period indicate that adult hawkmoths are routinely polyphagous and opportunistic, regardless of their proboscis length. About 700 individuals of 13 hawkmoth species were observed visiting a wide range of plant species at the study sites, including 25 taxa that appear to be specifically adapted for pollination by hawkmoths. We estimate that 277 plant species in Kenya (c. 4.61% of the total angiosperm flora) are adapted for pollination by hawkmoths. Floral tube lengths of these plants have a bimodal distribution, reflecting the existence of two hawkmoth guilds differing in tongue length. Hawkmoths exhibited strongly crepuscular foraging patterns with activity confined to a 20-min period at dusk and, in some cases, a similar period just before dawn. Corolla tube length appears to act as a mechanical filter as the longest-tubed plants were visited by the fewest hawkmoth species and these were exclusively from the long- tongued guild. Tube length showed a strong positive relationship with nectar volume, even after phylogenetic correction, which implies that plants with long corolla tubes are under selection to offer relatively large amounts of nectar to entice visits by polyphagous long-tongued hawkmoths. Our study shows that diffusely co-evolved pollination systems involving long-tongued hawkmoths are clearly asymmetrical, with plants exhibiting a high degree of floral specialization, while hawkmoths exhibit polyphagous behaviour. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013
Floral traits may either facilitate or constrain the gathering of food resources by certain animals. We therefore sought here to define the floral specialization levels of 19 plant species visited by foraging insects, based on their floral attributes and on the behaviors of their respective insect visitors. Based on those two criteria the degree of specialization of each plant-pollinator system was determined. The species studied had eight types of flowers (open, gullet, capitulum, opened with oil-secreting glands, opened with poricidal anthers, brush, tubular, and transition between open and deep polypetalous), and showed a continuum of pollination systems, from the more specialized levels to the most generalized. The most specialized species were visited predominantly by functional group of efficient pollinators, whereas the most generalist species received visitors of four or five functional groups, but they did not act as efficient pollinators. Furthermore, in the more generalis...
Plant Systematics and Evolution
The sweet jelly of Combretum lanceolatum flowers (Combretaceae): a cornucopia resource for bird pollinators in the Pantanal, western Brazil2001 •
The pollination biology of the neotropical scandent shrub Combretum lanceolatum was studied in the seasonally-flooded Pantanal region in western Brazil. This plant bears horizontally oriented inflorescences, whose yellowish green flowers begin to expand at dusk and are fully open at dawn. Instead of fluid nectar the flowers produce sweet gelatinous secretion in form of pellets. The glandular complex of the flower is composed of the inner wall of the receptacle and its tubular extension, being equivalent to the nectariferous disk of the nectar-producing species within the genus. The jelly is produced at night, contains mannan and is imbibed by free hexoses. It originates by swelling and disintegration of the inner wall, after contact with the nectar generated concomitantly in the mesophyll. Combretum lanceolatum is unique within the genus in its production of jelly pellets instead of liquid nectar. A new term, the jelly-flower, is proposed for flowers with this kind of reward. The pellet is not replaced once removed by a bird, and thus resembles a fruit in its availability to consumers, another unique feature that distinguishes this species within the genus. The jelly pellets offered by the many flowered branches attract a great diversity of bird visitors (28 species from eight families), which feed on this copious food resource and pollinate the flowers. The most effective pollinators probably are thrushes, tanagers, and orioles. Flocking parakeets and macaws sometimes feed on the petals, thus acting as flower plunderers. Combretum lanceolatum presents a high fruit set under natural conditions, which likely favours its spreading and becoming a weed species.
Revista Brasileira de Botânica
Floral resources used by insects in a grassland community in Southern BrazilSouth African Journal of Botany
Confirmation of hawkmoth pollination in Habenaria epipactidea: Leg placement of pollinaria and crepuscular scent emission2009 •
Biota Neotropica
Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and flowers in natural forest patches of southern Pantanal2013 •
Biological Journal of The Linnean Society
Specialized use of pollen vectors by Caesalpinia gilliesii, a legume species with brush-type flowers: SPECIALIZED USE OF POLLINATORS BY CAESALPINIA GILLIESII2006 •
The pollination of Caesalpinia gilliesii (Fabaceae), a legume species with long, brush-type flowers, was studied in wild populations in Argentina. A total of 341 hawkmoths (Sphingidae), belonging to 10 species, with tongues ranging from 1.5 to 13.5 cm in length, were captured by means of light traps. Hawkmoths could be classified in four significantly different tongue-length classes or guilds: short (15.35 ± 1.11 mm), medium (30.23 ± 2.24 mm), long (55.85 ± 4.98 mm) and very long (95.61 ± 13.63 mm). A total of 133 of the hawkmoths, belonging to seven species, carried pollen of Cae. gilliesii, mainly on their venter. Successful contact with anthers while drinking nectar depended upon hawkmoth tongue length. The relative frequency of pollen-carriage and the mean tongue length of each species were positively and significantly correlated. Considering a null hypothesis of nonspecialization, in which hawkmoths carrying pollen are distributed at random among individuals of the four guilds, long-tongued hawkmoths carried Cae. gilliesii pollen more frequently than would be expected by chance. In contrast, short- and medium-tongued guilds carried pollen less frequently than is predicted by random expectation. Individuals with short tongues accessed nectar from below without touching the anthers, whereas very long-tongued hawkmoths, with tongues longer than the length range of the flower reproductive organs, can probably reach nectar without touching the fertile organs. Results show that a pterotribic pattern of pollen deposition on the body of long-tongued hawkmoths is operating in this species. This suggests that brush-type blossoms are not necessarily unspecialized, despite popular belief. © 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2006, 88, 579–592.
Frontiers in oncology
Appendiceal Mixed Adeno-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registry2016 •
2010 •
Developmental medicine and child neurology
A common data language for clinical research studies: the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine Cerebral Palsy Common Data Elements Version 1.0 recommendations2018 •
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
A deuteron tensor polarimeter for low-energy experiments1995 •
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research
Survey Based Evaluation of Metal Health of Students Pursuing Higher Education2022 •
Acta Comportamentalia: Revista Latina de Análisis del Comportamiento
Efectos de dos condiciones de restricción espacial en la distribución espaciotemporal de la conducta de la rata2021 •
Association québécoise de pédagogie collégiale (AQPC)
Permettre Aux Etudiants D Apprendre Par La Lecture Les Cercles De Lecture Entre Encadrement et Autonomie2019 •
2018 •
Toxicology Letters
Retinoid receptors and metabolism in endocrine disruption2010 •
Göç, Aidiyet ve Siyaset - Toplumsallığın Göçebe Halleri
Göçmen Emeğinin Özümsenmesi ve Ağ Etkisi: Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde Osmanlı Göçmenleri2022 •
Molecular and Cellular Biology
Parkin-Dependent Degradation of the F-Box Protein Fbw7β Promotes Neuronal Survival in Response to Oxidative Stress by Stabilizing Mcl-12013 •
Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research
EFFECT OF STRESS CONDITIONS ON STABILITY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF A RECOMBINANT Escherichia Coli AGAINST THE COTTON LEAFWORM SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS (BOISD)2013 •
Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results
Case report on- Management and complication of vesicular calculi with obstructive Hydronephrosis with CKD2022 •
Scientific Reports
Synthesis of two SAPAP3 isoforms from a single mRNA is mediated via alternative translational initiation2012 •
Social Science & Medicine
Digitized patient–provider interaction: How does it matter? A qualitative meta-synthesis2018 •
2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)
KRS: Kubernetes Resource Scheduler for resilient NFV networks2021 •
Applied Mathematics and Computation
Euler’s method for weighted integral formulae2008 •
2017 •
2018 •