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Eulophia graminea Lindl.
Family Name: | Orchidaceae |
Synonyms: | Eulophia ramosa, Eulophia sinensis, Eulophia gusukumai |
Common Name: | Grass Orchid, Bawang Hantu, 禾草芋蘭, 美冠兰 |
Name
Classifications and Characteristics
Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Monocotyledon) |
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Plant Growth Form | Herbaceous Plant |
Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
Mode of Nutrition | Autotrophic |
Plant Shape | Shrubby |
Maximum Height | 0.5 m |
Biogeography
Native Distribution | Indian subcontinent, China, Hongkong, Taiwan, Japan, Indochina, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia |
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Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Secondary Rainforest, Coastal Forest, Grassland / Savannah/ Scrubland, Disturbed Area / Open Ground), Shoreline (Sandy Beach) |
Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical |
Local Conservation Status | Cryptogenic |
CITES Protection | True (Appendix II) |
Description and Ethnobotany
Growth Form | Terrestrial orchid. |
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Roots | A thick mass of white roots emerge from the base of a round bulb (5 - 7 cm wide). |
Foliage | Light green, thin leaves are linear and narrow. The leaves are deeply grooved at the midvein. Leaves have a large leaf sheath that wraps around the stem. |
Flowers | Small, greenish yellow flowers have brown, net-like markings. The crested lip is white with a dark purplish red center. The inflorescence stalk bears 10 - 20 flowers. |
Etymology | The genus Eulophia comes from the Greek eu-lopos, meaning beautifully crested and referring to the crested lip. |
Landscaping Features
Desirable Plant Features | Ornamental Flowers |
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Landscape Uses | General, Coastal, Riverine |
Thematic Landscaping | Naturalistic Garden |
Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
Seed or Spore Dispersal | Abiotic (Explosive Dehiscence) |
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Plant Care and Propagation
Light Preference | Full Sun |
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Water Preference | Moderate Water |
Rootzone Tolerance | Fertile Loamy Soils, Well-Drained Soils, Poor Infertile Soils, Saline Soils / Salt Spray |
Maintenance Requirements | Moderate |
Propagation Method | Seed, Division |
Foliar
Foliage Retention | Deciduous |
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Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
Mature Foliage Texture(s) | Smooth |
Foliar Type | Simple / Unifoliate |
Foliar Venation | Parallel |
Foliar Margin | Entire |
Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio | 3.5 (Shrub & Groundcover - Monocot) |
Non - Foliar and Storage
Stem Type & Modification | Acaulescent |
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Root Type | Underground (Fibrous Root) |
Specialised Storage Organ(s) | Aboveground |
Floral (Angiosperm)
Flower & Plant Sexuality | Bisexual Flowers |
Flower Colour(s) | Brown, Green, Pink, Red, White |
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Inflorescence Type | Raceme |
Flowering Habit | Polycarpic |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
Mature Fruit Colour(s) | Brown, Green |
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Fruit Classification | Simple Fruit |
Fruit Type | Dehiscent Dry Fruit , Capsule |
Image Repository
Others
Master ID | 702 |
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Species ID | 1997 |
Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |