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-a-b. Amphilophium paniculatum -a. inflorescence showing the flowers with a double calyx; b. woody fruit with smooth epicarp. c-e. Anemopaegma citrinum -c. detail of the flower; d. detail of the lepidote indument on the abaxial leaflet blade; e. fruit woody, elliptic to sub-orbicular with smooth epicarp. f-g. Bignonia ramentacea -f. detail of open dried fruit with winged seeds; g. fruit on the branch showing echinate epicarp. (a-b. M.F. Agra et al. 2688; c. R. Lopes 239; d-e. R. Lopes 255; f. Agra et al. 4022; g. R. Lopes 253). Photos: a. M.F. Agra; b, c, d, e, g. R. Lopes.
Source publication
The tribe Bignonieae with approximately 393 species, represents the largest tribe of Bignoniaceae. Most members of Bignonieae are tendrillate lianas, although some shrubs are also found within this clade. The Pico do Jabre, located at 1,197 m of altitude, represents the highest mountain in the state of Paraíba (Brazil) and an area of extreme biolog...
Contexts in source publication
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... Sp. 3: 149. 1818 [1819]. Fig. 4a-b Lianas; stems and branches 6-angled, without interpetiolar gland fields, lepidote-pubescent, trichomes simple and peltate; prophylls of axillary buds foliaceous. Leaves 2-3-foliolate; tendrils multifid, with an adhesive disk at the apex; petiole 1.2-4 cm long, pentagonal, lepidote, trichomes peltate; petiolules 0.3-2.2 cm long, ...
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... paniculatum can be easily recognized by its stems and branches 6-angled, double cyathiform calyx, leaflet blades lepidote to densely lepidote and woody and smooth fruit. It can be easily differentiated from A. crucigerum by its double calyx (Fig. 4a) (vs. simple in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3c), corolla rose to lilac (Fig. 4a) (vs. white to whitish in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3a-b), and ovate-elliptic and smooth fruit (Fig. 4b) This species was collected with flowers from January to February and fruits from March to ...
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... paniculatum can be easily recognized by its stems and branches 6-angled, double cyathiform calyx, leaflet blades lepidote to densely lepidote and woody and smooth fruit. It can be easily differentiated from A. crucigerum by its double calyx (Fig. 4a) (vs. simple in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3c), corolla rose to lilac (Fig. 4a) (vs. white to whitish in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3a-b), and ovate-elliptic and smooth fruit (Fig. 4b) This species was collected with flowers from January to February and fruits from March to ...
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... 6-angled, double cyathiform calyx, leaflet blades lepidote to densely lepidote and woody and smooth fruit. It can be easily differentiated from A. crucigerum by its double calyx (Fig. 4a) (vs. simple in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3c), corolla rose to lilac (Fig. 4a) (vs. white to whitish in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3a-b), and ovate-elliptic and smooth fruit (Fig. 4b) This species was collected with flowers from January to February and fruits from March to ...
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... ex DC., Prod. 9: 189. 1845. Fig. 4c-e Lianas; branches irregularly cylindrical, with interpetiolar gland fields, glabrescent to glabrous, trichomes simple; prophylls of axillary buds foliaceous. Leaves 2-3-foliolate; tendrils trifid, without an adhesive disk at the apex, nonuncinate; petiole 1.1-6.5 cm long, cylindrical, sparse lepidote-glabrescent, trichomes simple and ...
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... citrinum can be recognized by its yellowish corolla (Fig. 4c), truncate calyx ( Fig. 2b), and elliptic to sub-orbicular, stipitate and smooth capsule (Fig. 4e). Young individuals of A. citrinum have trifoliolate leaves devoid of tendrils, whereas adult individuals have leaves 2-3-leaflets with or without tendrils. Ants and flies were observed visiting its ...
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... citrinum can be recognized by its yellowish corolla (Fig. 4c), truncate calyx ( Fig. 2b), and elliptic to sub-orbicular, stipitate and smooth capsule (Fig. 4e). Young individuals of A. citrinum have trifoliolate leaves devoid of tendrils, whereas adult individuals have leaves 2-3-leaflets with or without tendrils. Ants and flies were observed visiting its ...
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... species was collected with flowers from February to March and fruits in September, October, and December. Fig. 4f-g Lianas; branches cylindrical in young plant to slightly tetragonal when mature, lenticellate, without interpetiolar gland fields, pilose when young, trichomes simple; prophylls of the axillary buds triangular. Leaves (1-)2-foliolate; tendrils simple, without an adhesive disk at the apex, non-uncinate; leaflet pubescent when young; ...
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... Sp. 3: 149. 1818 [1819]. Fig. 4a-b Lianas; stems and branches 6-angled, without interpetiolar gland fields, lepidote-pubescent, trichomes simple and peltate; prophylls of axillary buds foliaceous. Leaves 2-3-foliolate; tendrils multifid, with an adhesive disk at the apex; petiole 1.2-4 cm long, pentagonal, lepidote, trichomes peltate; petiolules 0.3-2.2 cm long, ...
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... paniculatum can be easily recognized by its stems and branches 6-angled, double cyathiform calyx, leaflet blades lepidote to densely lepidote and woody and smooth fruit. It can be easily differentiated from A. crucigerum by its double calyx (Fig. 4a) (vs. simple in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3c), corolla rose to lilac (Fig. 4a) (vs. white to whitish in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3a-b), and ovate-elliptic and smooth fruit (Fig. 4b) This species was collected with flowers from January to February and fruits from March to ...
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... paniculatum can be easily recognized by its stems and branches 6-angled, double cyathiform calyx, leaflet blades lepidote to densely lepidote and woody and smooth fruit. It can be easily differentiated from A. crucigerum by its double calyx (Fig. 4a) (vs. simple in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3c), corolla rose to lilac (Fig. 4a) (vs. white to whitish in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3a-b), and ovate-elliptic and smooth fruit (Fig. 4b) This species was collected with flowers from January to February and fruits from March to ...
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... 6-angled, double cyathiform calyx, leaflet blades lepidote to densely lepidote and woody and smooth fruit. It can be easily differentiated from A. crucigerum by its double calyx (Fig. 4a) (vs. simple in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3c), corolla rose to lilac (Fig. 4a) (vs. white to whitish in A. crucigerum; Fig. 3a-b), and ovate-elliptic and smooth fruit (Fig. 4b) This species was collected with flowers from January to February and fruits from March to ...
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... ex DC., Prod. 9: 189. 1845. Fig. 4c-e Lianas; branches irregularly cylindrical, with interpetiolar gland fields, glabrescent to glabrous, trichomes simple; prophylls of axillary buds foliaceous. Leaves 2-3-foliolate; tendrils trifid, without an adhesive disk at the apex, nonuncinate; petiole 1.1-6.5 cm long, cylindrical, sparse lepidote-glabrescent, trichomes simple and ...
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... citrinum can be recognized by its yellowish corolla (Fig. 4c), truncate calyx ( Fig. 2b), and elliptic to sub-orbicular, stipitate and smooth capsule (Fig. 4e). Young individuals of A. citrinum have trifoliolate leaves devoid of tendrils, whereas adult individuals have leaves 2-3-leaflets with or without tendrils. Ants and flies were observed visiting its ...
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... citrinum can be recognized by its yellowish corolla (Fig. 4c), truncate calyx ( Fig. 2b), and elliptic to sub-orbicular, stipitate and smooth capsule (Fig. 4e). Young individuals of A. citrinum have trifoliolate leaves devoid of tendrils, whereas adult individuals have leaves 2-3-leaflets with or without tendrils. Ants and flies were observed visiting its ...
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... species was collected with flowers from February to March and fruits in September, October, and December. Fig. 4f-g Lianas; branches cylindrical in young plant to slightly tetragonal when mature, lenticellate, without interpetiolar gland fields, pilose when young, trichomes simple; prophylls of the axillary buds triangular. Leaves (1-)2-foliolate; tendrils simple, without an adhesive disk at the apex, non-uncinate; leaflet pubescent when young; ...
Citations
... Most of the species studied here show sparse to dense indumenta composed by glandular and non-glandular trichomes on the corolla tube and lobes, and this is a widespread characteristic among Bignonieae members Frazão et al. 2020;Lopes-Silva et al. 2022). The secretions produced by floral glandular trichomes can perform different functions, being able to act both in the defense against herbivores and pathogens and in the attraction of pollinators (see Nogueira et al. 2013). ...
This study characterizes the osmophores and corolla traits in 18 species of Bignonieae Dumort., a Bignoniaceae tribe occurring in the Cerrado, a neotropical savanna in Brazil. To detect osmophore distribution, whole, newly opened flowers were immersed in Neutral Red Solution. Samples from the corolla tube and lobes were also fixed and analyzed micromorphologically, anatomically, and histochemically. The osmophores showed six markedly different distribution patterns that were not clearly associated with histological features. In most species, osmophores comprised papillose secretory epidermises and a few layers of subepidermal parenchyma. Starch grains, lipid droplets, and terpenes were detected in osmophores. An ornamented cuticle, cuticular folds, glandular and non-glandular trichomes, raised stomata and epicuticular wax granules are common traits in the species studied and may be useful in determining the taxonomy of the group. We found that 94% of the species visited by bees had papillose epidermises while the single hummingbird-pollinated species presented a flattened epidermis. Variations in osmophore pattern among species visited by bees, including variations within the same plant genus, are novel finding. Additionally, the Bignonieae species visited by bees presented a textured corolla surface, which has been reported as facilitating bee attachment and movement towards the floral resource. Future studies with a greater number of Bignonieae species and more detailed pollinator behavioral assays may help in the interpretation of the variations in corolla traits and functional relationships between flowers and pollinators.
