Albizia procera agroforestry and reforestation_2021

Albizia procera : Agroforestry and Reforestation
Albizia procera
Dept. of Agroforestry and Environmental Science I Sylhet Agricultural University

Albizia procera for Reforestation and Agroforestry
Summery
Albizia procera is a large, fast-growing tree
that occurs on many different sites. This
species provides wood for a variety of
purposes, nutritious fodder for livestock and
shade for tea plantations. It is an important
reforestation and agroforestry species. It is
commonly called locally White siris, Sada
Koroi etc.
Dept. of Agroforestry and Environmental Science I Sylhet Agricultural University 2
Figure 1: Albizia procera Tree

Taxonomy of Albizia procera
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Spermatophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Dicotyledonae
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Mimosoideae
Genus: Albizia
Species: Albizia procera
Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science I Sylhet Agricultural University 3
Figure 2: A Albizia procera Tree

Identity of Albizia procera
 Scientific name: Albizia procera (Roxb.)
 Synonym: Mimosa procera Roxb.
 English name: White siris, Safed sinis, Forest siris
 Local name:
 Tribal name:
Sadakoroi Silkoroi Jhunjhunakoroi Lohasiris(Sylhet) Jatkoroi(Northerndistricts
Choi Ghepa (Mogh) Choipang Chobang Chapao (Marma)
Khelvi (Garo) Khuri bofang
(Tripura)
Sil koroi gaith
(Tanchangya)
Awaiya, Changgae
(Rakhaing)

Distribution
Exotic: Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Netherlands Antilles,
Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines,
Sudan, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Virgin Islands (US), Zimbabwe.
Figure 3: The map above shows countries where the
species has been planted.
Bangladesh: This species is found in forests
of Chittagong, Chittagong Hill Tracts, Cox's
Bazar, Dhaka-Mymensingh Sal forests, and
more or less throughout the country.
Native: Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei,
Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos,
Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New
Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan, Province of
China, Thailand, Vietnam

What type of Plant?
 Broad leaved
 Perennial
 Seed propagated
 Tree
 Vegetatively propagated
 Woody
Soil Tolerances
Soil drainage
 Seasonally waterlogged
Soil reaction
 Acid
 Alkaline
 Neutral
Soil texture
 Light
 Medium
Special soil tolerances
 Saline
 Shallow
 Sodic

Plant Ecology
 Tropical and subtropical moist and wet forest
 Rainfall is 1000-5000 mm/yr.
 Growing to elevations of 1200 meter
 Also common on moisture savannas and
swamp forests.
 Temperatures vary from 1° -46° C
 Drought tolerant and susceptible to frost
Figure 4: Albizia procera Ecology

Description of the Plant
Stem
 Stem and Height: Tall, clear, erect, unbuttressed
bole, sometimes curved trunk and large
branches, thin and spreading, crown 95 cm in
diameter and 36 meters in height.
 Bark: Nearly smooth, Whitish to light-greenish
gray or Light-brown.
 Natural forests are managed for timber
production by coppicing on a 40-year rotation.
 Fuelwood plantations are managed on a 20-year
rotation.
Figure 5: Stem of Albizia procera

Bark
Which plant part is usabe of Albizia procera?
 It is bark. Mainly bark is usable part of
Albizia procera.
Dept. of Agroforestry and Environmental Science I Sylhet
Agricultural University
9
Figure 6: Bark of Albizia procera

10
Flowering
 June to September (beginning of the rainy
season)
 Sessile
 Yellowish-white
 Racemes 8-25 cm long near the end of a twig
 Numerous greenish-yellow flowers form
whitish heads 20-24 mm in diameter Figure 7: Flower of Albizia procera

11
Leaves
 Bipinnately compound
 Reddish when juvenile
 Pinnae 2-6 pairs
 Leaflets 5-10 pairs
 Mature to a length of 12-25 cm
 Leaflets are 2-4 cm long and 8-16 mm wide Figure 8: Leaves of Albizia procera

Description of the plant
Fruit
 Pods linear-oblong
 Flattened
 Shiny reddish-brown
 Reddish-brown flat pod
 10-20 cm long and 18-25 cm wide
 Ripen 3-5 months after flowering
 Each pod containing 6-12 seeds
Figure 9: Fruit and Seed of Albizia procera

Multiplication
 Seed: There are 20,000-24,000 seeds per kilogram. Average germination rate of 63%.
 Vegetative propagation: Seedlings, saplings and mature trees coppice vigorously from
stumps and roots.
 Tissue Culture
Figure 10: Seed Parts Figure 11: Tissue culture system

Uses
Agroforestry
 Likely to affect nutrient cycling as the species
is a nitrogen fixer.
 Natural regeneration provides small timber,
fuelwood, charcoal, fodder or shade.
 Seedlings are planted in family forests or
home gardens.
 Albizia procera can be cultivated as shade for
tea plantation.
 It is protein-rich fodder.
14
Figure 12: Albizia procera in Tea Garden

Uses
Medicinal
• Bark-boiled water with table salt is
prescribed to expel threadworms.
• Bath with the same water is given for
scabies.
• Extract is used to wash the anus thrice a
day until the anal fissure is cured.
• A paste is of bark is applied on the
infected skin twice a day until the
leprosy is cured.
Dept. of Agroforestry and Environmental Science I Sylhet Agricultural University
15
Figure 13: Medicinal products of Albizia procera

Uses
Wood
Durable, strong and resistant to termites
The wood is light- to chocolate-brown
with light and dark bands.
It is difficult to saw due to interlocking
grain and has a specific gravity of 0.6-0.9.
Considered a promising source of pulp for
high-quality paper.
Figure 14: Albizia procera Wood

Uses
17
Containers
 Boxes
 Cases
 Cooperage
 Crates
 Pallets
 Tanks
 Vats
Pulp
 Short-fibre pulp
Sawn or hewn building timbers
 For heavy construction
Roundwood
 Building poles
 Pit props
 Posts
 Transmission poles
Woodware
 Industrial and domestic
woodware
 Wood carvings
Charcoal
Furniture
Vehicle bodies
Veneers
Wood Products are –

Other Uses
 Trees are often planted for shade or beautification along
roads.
 The bark contains tannins and a reddish gum.
 Also, it can be used to make a poison.
 The leaves are used to treat ulcers and have insecticidal
properties.
 In West Indies, the cooked leaves are eaten as a vegetable.

Natural Enemies
Diseases
o Seedling wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum
o Leaf spot caused by Colletotrichum dematium and Cercospora albiziae
o Pustules on leaflets caused by Ravenelia clemensiae
o Bark and stem cankers caused by Fusarium solani
o Root rot caused by Ganoderma lucidum
o Heart rot caused by Ganoderma applanatum and Polyporus gilvus

Natural Enemies
Insect
 Seed weevils such as Bruchidius bilineatopygus
 Root knot nematodes such as Meloidogyne spp.
 Hemipterous insect such as Oxyrhachis tarandus
 Termite such as Coptotermes curvignathus and
Ancistrotermes amphidon.
 Stem borer such as –
Ascotis selenaria Hyposidra successaria
Eurema blanda Rhesala imparata
Eurema hecaba Rhesala inconcinnalis
Cusiala raptaria Rhesala moestalis
Figure 15: Insect attack to Albizia procera

Symbiosis
Albizia procera forms symbiotic
association with Rhizobium
bacteria enabling it to fix nitrogen
and thrive on infertile soils. The
application of phosphorus
fertilizer can improve nodulation
and nitrogen fixation, particularly
on infertile soils.
Figure 16: Albizia procera in Tea Garden

Limitations
Because of its aggressive growth white Siris (Sada Koroi) may
be a potential weed. This is particularly true in the many
countries, where white siris (Sada Koroi) grows faster than
many native species.

Albizia procera agroforestry and reforestation_2021

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