Large tree whose habit varies from very narrow columnar to broad horizontal fan-shaped. The various clones can sometimes be distinguished by the invalid epithets f. horizontalis for the broad shape and f. sempervirens or f. stricta for the columnar shape. In practice the narrow columnar shape is usually meant. It can grow to 20 to 30 m tall, or even to 40 m in some cases. The bark is grey and slightly grooved when mature. The scaly foliage consists of small, matt dark green contiguous scales. The cypress grows on any soil provided it is well drained. Tolerates a lot of wind, including sea wind, but has poor tolerance to cold, drying wind. The limited winter hardiness means this tree is only suitable for mild climatic zones and in sheltered sites such as patios, atriums and courtyards.