Family 50. ORCHIDACEAE (including APOSTASIACEAE ...

Family 50. ORCHIDACEAE (including APOSTASIACEAE) 

Literature: 

Holttum, RE. 1954. A revised flora of Malaya. Vol. I. Orchids of Malaya, 759 pp., Government Printing 

Office, Singapore. 

Valmayor, HL. 1984. Orchidiana Philippiniana I-II. Eugenio Lopez Foundation, Manila 

Fessel, HH & P Balzer. 1999. A Selection of Native Philippine Orchids. Times Edition, Singapore. 

Cootes, JE. 2001. The Orchids of the Philippines, 231 pp., Times Edition, Singapore. 

Abdominea JJ Smith 

Abominea minimiflora (Hook.f.) JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., 2, 25 (1917) 98; --Schoenorchis 

minimiflora (Hook.f.) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 241; --Gastrochilus minimiflorus (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. 

Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 661; --Saccolabium minimiflorum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 59. –Type: 

Schoenorchis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 241; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Agusan. Epiphytic, altitude 550-1000m. (as S. 

philippinensis) 

Acampe Lindley 

Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) PF Hunt, Kew Bull. 24 (1970) 98; --Aerides rigidum Buch.-Ham. ex 

Sm. in A Rees, Cycl. 39 (1818) 12. 

Acanthephippium Blume emend. Endlicher 

Acanthephippium sp. aff. javanicum Blume, Bijdr.(1825) 354; --Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 148. 

PALAWAN 

A. javanicum Blume in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo. 

Acanthephippium mantinianum L. Linden & Cogn., J. des Orch. 7 (1896) 138; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 330; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 20. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Laguna, Cavite, Quezon and Sorsogon. Wet places and shaded 

spots, 500-1500m. 

Acanthephippium pictum Fukuyama, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 49 (1935) 666. 

Taiwan, Philippines. 

LUZON, SAMAR 

Acanthephippium sylhetense Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1831) 177. 

Occurrence in the Philippines doubtful 

Acanthophippium =Acanthephippium 

Acoridium Nees & Meyen =Dendrochilum 

Acriopsis Reinwardt ex Blume

Acriopsis floribunda Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 306; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 398. –Type: BS 

35112 Ramos & Pascasio. 

Acriopsis liliifolia var. floribunda (Ames) Minderhoud & de Vogel, Orchid Monogr. 1 (1986) 13, Fig. 1d-e 

BUCAS GRANDE. 

Acriopsis indica Wight, Icon. 5 1 (1852) 20, t. 1748, Fig. 1; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 398. 

Burma, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Philippines. 

LUZON: Kalinga, altitude 1000m. 

Acriopsis liliifolia (J Koenig) Seidenf., Opera Bot. 124 (1995) 58; --Epidendrum liliifolium J Koenig in AJ 

Retzius, Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 61. 

Acriopsis javanica Reinw. ex Blume, Cat. Gew. Buitenz. (1823) 97; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 398; --Cootes, 

Orch. Philip. (2001) 21. 

Thailand, Indochina, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, New 

Guinea, Solomon Isls, N Australia. 

LUZON: Sorsogon, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Misamis, Lanao del Sur, Davao. Epiphytic or 

lithophythic, frequently in exposed sites, up to 1600m. 

Adenostylis Blume =Zeuxine, Rhomboda. 

Aerides Loureiro 

Aerides augustiana Rolfe, Lindenia 5 (1889) 39, t. 210; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420. 

“Discovered in the Philippines by Auguste Linden; no specimen seen” –Ames in Merr. (1925) 

420. 

Aerides burbidgei Reichb.f. ex Burb., Gardens of the Sun (1880) 343. 

Philippines. 

Aerides eusebiae W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides inflexa Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 24 (1862) 324. 

Aerides bernhardianum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 24 (1885) 1650. 

Aerides jarckianum Schltr., Orchis 9 (1915) 53, t. 5, Fig. 15-21; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420. 

Aerides jarckianum var. smithii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1933) 457, nom. inval. 

Aerides jarckianum forma album Valmayor & D Tiu in HL Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 86. 

LUZON, based on Jarck sn. No specimen seen by Ames. Reported to have been collected near 

the “Lagune von Manila”. 

Aerides lawrenciae Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 20 (1883) 307, 368, 460; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420; 

--Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 21. 

forma lawrenciae 

MINDANAO: Davao. 

forma amesiana 

Aerides lawrenciae var. amesiana Sander ex Kraenzl., Gard. Chron. iii, 10 (1891) 393; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 420. 

Philippines.

forma fortichii (Ames & Quisumb.) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides lawrenciae var. fortichii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 461; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 22. 

forma punctata (Ames & Quisumb.) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides lawrenciae var. punctatum Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 462. 

forma sanderiana (Reichb.f.) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides lawrenciae var. sanderianum (Reichb.f) Sander ex Kraenzl., Xenia Orchid. 3 (1892) 95, in textu, t. 252, Fig. 6 

Aerides leeana Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. 15 (1881) 656; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 22. 

forma leeana 

LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, Quezon, Cavite, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, SAMAR. Epiphytic at 

c. 800m. 

forma smithii (Ames & Quisumb.) W Suarez 

Aerides odorata Lour., Fl. Cochin. 2 (1790) 525; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 420; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 23. 

forma odorata 

Himalayas, China, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines 

to New Guinea. 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental, PALAWAN. High-canopy epiphyte, 300-2000m. 

forma alba Hort. 

Aerides quinquevulnera Lindl., Sert. Orch. 6 (1838) t. 30; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 421; --Cootes, 


LUZON: Bataan, Bulacan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon. A common species in and about 

Rizal at relatively low altitude. 

forma flava (Valmayor & Tiu) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides quinquevulnera var. flava Valmayor & Tiu, in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 87, nom. inval.; --Cootes, 


forma marginata (Reichb.f.) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides quinquevulnera var. marginata (Reichb.f.) Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 63; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

422; --Aerides marginata Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s. 23 (1885) 533. 

forma punctata (Valmayor & Tiu) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides quinquevulnera var. punctata Valmayor & Tiu, in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 87, nom. inval. 

forma purpurata (Reichb.f.) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides quinquevulnera var. purpurata Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. n.s., 16 (1881) 230; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

422; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 24. 

forma schadenbergiana (Stein) W Suarez, ined. 

Aerides quinquevulnera var. schadenbergiana Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 63; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 422. 

Aerides sp. aff. odorata 

Aerides quinquevulnera var. calayanensis Hort. 

CALAYAN. Pink flowers

Aerides savageana Sander ex Veitch, Man. Orchid. Pl. 7 (1891) 78. 

Philippines. 

Aerides shibatianum Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 13A (1880) 239. 

Philippines 

Included by Ames in the list of excluded names, marked as a nomen nudum, possibly “an error 

for A thibautianum Reichb.f. “. =A quinquevulnera 

Aglossorhyncha Schlechter, K Schumann & Lauterbach 

Aglossorhyncha sp. 

BOHOL. Insufficiently known, possibly endemic. 

Agrostophyllum Blume 

Agrostophyllum elmeri Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 48; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319. –Type: 

Elmer 18047. 

LUZON: Laguna. 

Agrostophyllum elongatum (Ridl.) Schuit., Blumea 35 (1990) 165; --Appendiculopsis elongata (Ridl.) 

Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 120; --Appendicula elongata Ridl., Trans. Linn. Soc. 

London, Bot. 3 (1893) 375. –Type from Peninsular Malaysia. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, New Guinea, Solomon Isls, Caroline Isls (Palau). 

Agrostophyllum inocephalum (Schauer) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 148; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 319; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 25; --Diploconchium inocephalum Schauer, Nov. Actorum Acad. 

Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19 (Suppl. 1) (1843) 428. 

LUZON: Benguet, Bataan, MINDANAO: Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Agusan del Norte, 

Agusan del Sur. Epiphyte, c. 500m. 

Agrostophyllum leytense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 298; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319. --Type: 

LEYTE (Jaro). Forest, altitude 600-700m. 

Agrostophyllum longivaginatum Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 420; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 319. –Type: Weber 345 

LUZON: Apayao, Rizal, Laguna, MINDORO, LEYTE. Forests, altitude 30-600m. 

Agrostophyllum luzonense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 197. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Agrostophyllum malindangense Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 50; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320. 

–Type: FB 4610 Mearns & Hutchinson 

MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang), Bukidnon, Davao (Mt Apo). 

Agrostophyllum mearnsii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 420; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320. 

–Type: FB 4607 Mearns & Hutchinson. 

LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles), MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang), Agusan del 

Norte (Mt Hilong-hilong). On mountains, altitude 1060-1560m.

Agrostophyllum merrillii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 323; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320. –Type: 

Merrill 5844 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Forest, altitude 1000m. 

Agrostophyllum mindanaense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 88; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320; -- 

Agrostophyllum pelorioides Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 421, non Schltr. –Type: Copeland 1119 (AMES*, 

holo). Mindanao: District of Davao, April 1904. 

MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao. Mountains, altitude c. 860m. 

Agrostophyllum philippinense Ames, PJS 4 c (1909, publ. 1910) Bot. 669; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 320. –Type: 

CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, Sorsogon, NEGROS, LEYTE. Forests, 

altitude 60-700m. 

Agrostophyllum saccatilabium Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 487, pl. 1, 5, 16, 17. --Type: BS 

82229 Quisumbing (AMES*, holo). Luzon : Benguet prov., Baguio, from cultivated plant at Mansion House, origin said 

to be from mountains in the vicinity of Baguio, 6 May 1931. 

LUZON: Benguet. 

Agrostophyllum stipulatum (Griff.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912, publ. 1913) 279; 

-- Appendiculopsis stipulata (Griff.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 120; --Appendicula 

stipulata Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3 (1851) 358. 

Agrostophyllum wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 88; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320. –Type: 

LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Altitude 60-800m. 

Not found in Cootes’ (2006) Checklist 

Agrostophyllum hasseltii (Blume) JJ Sm. Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 55, t. 110A, non Reichb.f.; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319. 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Philippines. 

LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. In forests, altitude 500-800m. 

Amesiella Schlechter ex Garay 

Amesiella minor Senghas, Orchideenfreund 6 (1999) 121. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Amesiella monticola Cootes & DP Banks, Orchids Australia 10(5) (1998) 26; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

25. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, possibly Benguet. Fringes of montane forest, 1800-2200m. 

Amesiella philippinensis (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23, 4 (1972) 160; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

25; --Angraecum philippinense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 336; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 432. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Albay, MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). 

Epiphytic, 400-1400m. 

Angraecum auct. Philip. = Amesiella 

Ania Lindley

Ania elmeri (Ames) AD Hawkes ex Senghas, in Schltr., Orchideen 1(1984) 863; --Ascotainia elmeri 

(Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 99; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 336. --Tainia elmeri Ames, 

LPB 5 (1912) 1570. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, MINDANAO: Davao, Agusan del Norte. Terrestrial in 

forests, sea-level to 1300m. 

Anoectochilus Blume 

Anoectochilus sp., Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 36; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 274. 

LEYTE. Based on Wenzel 286. 

Anota Schlechter = Rhynchostylis 

Aphyllorchis Blume 

Aphyllorchis halconensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 7; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 264. –Type: 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Terrestrial, altitude 1000m. 

Aphyllorchis montana Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 57. –Type: 

Aphyllorchis benguetensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 49, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 264. –Type: 

Extra-Philippine distribution. 

LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, MINDANAO: Davao, Agusan. 

Aphyllorchis pallida Blume, Bijdr. (1825) t. 16, Fig. 77 (without description); --Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1840) 

536 (mention only); --Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1849) 30; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 264; -- 

Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 102. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo and the Philippines: MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt 

Halcon & vicinity). Terrestrial in humid forest, altitude 330-930m. 

Aporodes W Suarez & Cootes 

Aporodes fragrans W Suarez & Cootes, Aust. Orch. Rev. 73( 5) (Oct/Nov 2008) 33; --Eria aporoides Lindl., 

J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 60; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 115; --Dendrobium aporoides (Lindl.) 

Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918); 113; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345. –Type: 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Nueva Vizcaya, Aurora, Zambales, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Camarines, 

Albay, POLILLO, LEYTE, CAMIGUIN, BASILAN. MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao, Agusan, 

Surigao. Lithophytic or epiphytic, common, from sea-level to 1000m. 

Aporum Blume 

Aporum albayense (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294; --Dendrobium albayense Ames, PJS 7 c 

(1912) Bot. 14; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343. 

LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Albay, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Davao, 

Agusan del Norte. Epiphytic, sea-level to 900m. Fairly common. 

Aporum aloefolium (Blume) Brieger in Schltr. Die Orchideen, 3 Aufl. 1 (1981) 676; --Dendrobium aloefolium

(Blume) Reichb.f., in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6: 279; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 65; --Aporum aloefolium 

(Blume) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12) (1981) 676; --Macrostomium aloefolium Blume, Bijdr. 

(1825) 355. –Type: 

Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia, Borneo, N Philippines. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. Epiphytic in rather well-lit sites, altitude to 300m. 

Aporum basilanense (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 295; --Dendrobium basilanense Ames, PJS 

7 c (1912) Bot. 14; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345. 

PANAY: Iloilo, BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Agusan del Norte. Epiphytic, sea-level to 

400m. 

Aporum distichum (C Presl) Rauschert, Feddes Rep. 94 (7-8) (1983) 438; --Dendrobium distichum (C 

Presl) Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1876) 39; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

75; --Aporum distichum (C Presl) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 439; --Schismoceras disticha C 

Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1827) 96. –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet, Zambales, Bataan, Rizal, Camarines, Sorsogon, POLILLO, SULU 

ARCHIPELAGO. Sea-level to 900m altitude. Fairly common in Luzon. 

Aporum indivisum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 334; 

Dendrobium indivisum (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 3 (1859) 630. 

Aporum lunatum (Lindl.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296; --Dendrobium lunatum Lindl., J. Linn. Soc. 3 

(1859) 4; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351. 

PALAWAN. Epiphytic, sea-level to 500m altitude. 

Aporum macgregorii MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296; --Dendrobium macgregorii Ames, PJS 7 c 

(1912) Bot. 17-18, non F Muell. & Kraenzl. (1894). 

Philippines. 

Aporum merrillii (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296; --Dendrobium merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 

(1908) 181, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 80. –Type: 

LUZON: Pangasinan, Ifugao, Rizal, Quezon, MINDORO, SAMAR. Epiphytic, altitude up to 

350m. 

Aporum wenzelii (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 297; --Dendrobium wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 144; --Am 

LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, MINDORO: Oriental Mindoro, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, 

Surigao del Norte. Epiphytic, altitude up to 300m. 

Apostasia Blume 

Apostasia wallichii R Br. in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1 (1830) 75, t. 84; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 252; -- 

Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 65. 

India, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines, New Guinea. 

LUZON: Camarines, MINDORO, PALAWAN, SIBUYAN. Terrestrial up to 1000m altitude. 

Appendicula Blume 

Appendicula alba Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 299. 

Podochilus album (Blume) Schltr., Mém. Herb. Boissier 21 (1900) 36. 

Extra-Philippine range 

Appendicula anceps Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 299; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 323.

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines. 

BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Terrestrial in forests, altitude 560m. 

Appendicula buxifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 300; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 324; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 27. –Type from Java. 

Java and the Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Laguna, Sorsogon, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Misamis, 

Lanao del Sur, Cotabato, Davao. Epiphytic, apparently in the mountain regions, altitude c. 

600m. 

Appendicula clemensiae Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 415; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 324; 

--Podochilus clemensiae (Ames) Ames, PJS 4 c (1909, publ. 1910) Bot. 667. 

LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Usually in 

the montane zones, but from 60-1700m. 

Appendicula cornuta Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 302; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 324. –Type: BS 16573 

Ramos 

India, China, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Laguna, MINDORO, PALAWAN, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, LEYTE, MINDANAO: 

Davao, Agusan del Norte. 

Appendicula crotalina (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1912) 336; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325; --Podochilus crotalinum Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 667. –Type : MS 

Clemens sn. (AMES*, US*). Mindanao : Lanao del Sur prov., Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Nov 1906. 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley), Cotabato, Davao. Altitude up to 860m. 

Appendicula cuneata Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 44, Fig. 9, habit and flower; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 325. –Type: 

LUZON: Quezon, LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Bukidnon, Davao. 

Appendicula elmeri (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 416; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

325; --Podochilus elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1565. –Type : Elmer 10718 (AMES*, holo ; iso : AMES*, L*, 

NY*, US*). Mindanao : Davao, Mt Apo, Todaya. 

MINDANAO: Cotabato, Bukidnon, Davao, Agusan del Norte. Along streams, altitude 400- 

1300m. 

Appendicula fenixii (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1912) 336; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325; --Podochilus fenixii Ames, PJS 6 C (1911) Bot. 48. –Type: BS 3794 

Fenix. 

BATAN: Mt Iraya, mossy forest, 600m. 

Appendicula irigensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 5; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 325. –Type: BS 

41941C Ramos. 

LUZON: Rizal (Mt Irig =Mt Irid), epiphyte in dense forest, altitude 1000m. 

Appendicula leytensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 47, Fig. 9, flower; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

325. –Type: 

LEYTE. Epiphytic in forests, altitude 500m. 

Appendicula lucbanensis (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 415; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 326; --Podochilus lucbanense Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1566. –Type: 

LUZON: Abra, Apayao, Mountain Province, Rizal, Quezon, PANAY: Capiz, CAMIGUIN, 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Apparently restricted to mountain regions.

Appendicula luzonensis (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 415; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 326; --Podochilus luzonense Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1567. –Type : Elmer 7930 

LUZON: Quezon. 

Appendicula malindangensis (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) 

(1912) 

337; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326; --Podochilus malindangense Ames, PJS 6 C (1911, publ. 1912) 

Bot. 19. –Type: FB 4733 Mearns & Hutchinson 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns), MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang), 

Bukidnon. Mountainous regions up to 1560m. 

Appendicula maquilingensis Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 417; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326. –Type: 

LUZON: Laguna, Camarines, Sorsogon, CATANDUANES, PANAY: Antique, Capiz, NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, LEYTE, CAMIGUIN, JOLO, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao. Epilithic or 

epiphytic in forests, altitude 40-2000m. 

Appendicula merrillii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 415, 418; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326. 

–Type: Merrill 8135 

Chilopogon merrillii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 91. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Cotabato. Epiphytic, altitude 700-1160m. 

Appendicula micrantha Lindl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 15 (1845) 386; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 326; -- 

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 27. –Type: 

Podochilus micranthum (Lindl.) Schltr., Mém. Herb. Boissier 21 (1900) 39. 

Appendicula wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 C (1913) Bot. 419. –Type : Wenzel 10 (AMES, 2 sheets*, GH*, NY*, iso). Leyte: 

epiphyte, altitude 60m, 29 Sept 1912. 

LUZON: Pampanga, Bataan, Quezon, Rizal, Laguna, Albay, POLILLO, MINDORO, PALAWAN, 

PANAY: Antique, Capiz, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, 

Bukidnon, Davao, Agusan. Epiphytic, occasionally terrestrial, 15-700m. 

Appendicula negrosiana Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 416; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327; 

--Podochilus negrosianum Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1568. –Type : Elmer 9636 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns). 

Appendicula pendula Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 298. 

Appendicula philippinensis (Schltr.) JJ Sm. Orch. Amb. (1905) 91, in textu; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327. – 

Type: 

Extra-Philippine distribution 

LUZON: Quezon, Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga, Bukidnon. Variable and fairly common species, altitude 115-1600m. 

Appendicula perplexa (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 416; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

327; --Podochilus perplexum Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1569. –Type: Elmer 7407 

LUZON: Quezon (Mt Banahaw). Forest shade, altitude 800m. 

Appendicula polyantha Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 6; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327. –Type: BS 

42058 Lopez (AMES*, iso). Luzon: Rizal prov., Mt Angilog, altitude 2200m (note: this is most likely in feet), Feb 1923. 

LUZON: Rizal. Mt Angilog. 

Appendicula reflexa Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 301 ; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 175. --Type from Java. 

Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, Java, Borneo, Philippines, New Guinea, Solomon Isls, Vanuatu, NE 

Australia, New Caledonia, Fiji. 

LUZON: Rizal (Bosoboso), Laguna, Quezon (Lucban), Camarines Sur (Mt Labo), PANAY: 

Antique (Culasi near Flores), MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Tangkulan, Cumaycay River), Davao del

Sur (Mt Apo, Todaya), Cotabato (possibly N Cotabato prov., Apo Range), Agusan del Norte (Mt 

Hilong-hilong), Agusan del Sur (Lake near Bunawan; Agusan River at Varuela). Near sea-level 

to at least 1200m. 

Appendicula tagalensium Kraenzl., Ann. k.k. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 65. –Type: Loher sn. 

Locality merely cited as ‘Philippines’. No specimen have been seen by Ames. 

Appendicula undulata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 301. 

var. longicalcarata (Rolfe) Ames in Merr., J. Roy. Asiat. Soc. Straits Branch, Special No. (1921) 179; --Ames 

in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 327. --Podochilus longicalcaratum Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1894) 186. –Type: 

Borneo (Sarawak), Philippines. 

LUZON: Rizal, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Lanao del Sur, Cotabato, Davao, Agusan del 

Norte, Surigao del Norte. In mossy forests. 

Appendicula weberi Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 418; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 328. –Type: 

CM Weber 88. 

MINDANAO: Cotabato, Agusan del Norte. Shady damp forests, altitude 430-690m. 

Appendicula xitriophora Reichb.f., in Seem. Fl. Vit. (1868) 299; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 328. – 

Type: 

--Podochilus xytriophorum (Reichb.f.) Schltr., Mém. Herb. Boissier 21 (1900) 47. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Benguet, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, POLILLO, MINDORO, PANAY: Capiz, 

LEYTE, MINDANAO: Lanao, Cotabato, Davao. Forests, altitude 60-1330m. Common and 

widely distributed. 

Possible novelties: 

Appendicula sp. (Nueva Vizcaya & Negros Oriental) 

Appendicula sp. (Mt. Mantalingajan) 

Appendicula sp. (Mt. Hamiguitan) 

Appendicula sp. aff. undulata (Nueva Vizcaya) 

Arachnis Blume 

Arachnis flos-aeris (L.) Reichb.f., Bot. Centralbl. 28 (1886) 343; --Epidendrum flos-aeris L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 

952. –Type: 

Arachnis longicaulis (Schltr.) LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 31; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 28; 

--Vandopsis longicaulis Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1913) 973. 

Arachnis lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 221; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 427. –Type: 

Arachnis longicaulis forma flavescens Valmayor & Tiu in HL Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. Xxxx; Phil. Orch. Rev. 1983 

LUZON: Isabela, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, TAWI-TAWI. Highcanopy 

epiphyte, usually at c. 1000m. 

Arundina Blume 

Arundina graminifolia (D Don) Hochr., Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6 (1910) 270; --Bletia graminifolia D Don, 

Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 29. –Type:

Extra-Philippine Range 

Ascidieria Seidenfaden 

Ascidieria cymbidifolia (Ridl.) xxxx 

Eria cymbidifolia Ridl., J. Bot. 36 (1898) 212. –Type: 

Cymboglossum cymbiforme (JJ Sm.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 446; --Eria cymbiformis JJ Sm., Recueil 

Trav. Bot. Néerl. 1 (1904) 152, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 367. –Type: 

Sumatra, Philippines. 

LUZON: Cagayan, Bataan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, MINDORO, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, 

LEYTE, MINDANAO: Davao. Epiphytic, altitude 500-1015m. 

Ascidieria palawanensis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) 69; --Eria 

palawanensis Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1578; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373. –Type: Elmer 13209 

PALAWAN: Thumb Peak [=Mt Pulgar]. 

Ascidieria zamboangensis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) 69; --Eria 

zamboangensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 160; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 376. –Type: Merrill 8143 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Bukidnon. Epiphytic in mossy forest, altitude 1300-1830m. 

Ascocentrum Schlechter ex JJ Smith 

Ascocentrum aurantiacum (JJ Sm.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1913) 975; -- 

Saccolabium aurantiacum JJ Sm., Bull. Dép. Agric. Indes Néerl. 43 (1910) 71. 

ssp. philippinense Christenson, Lindleyana 7 (1992) 88; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 29. –Type: 

forma philippinense 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, 

Agusan del Sur. Epiphytic in deep shade to 1200m. 

forma citrinum 

Philippines 

Ascocentrum miniatum (Lindl.) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1913) 975; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 434; -- Saccolabium miniatum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 33 (1847) t. 26. 

India, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Philippines. 

LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Davao. Epiphytic, altitude 180-750m. 

Ascochilus Ridley 

Ascochilus calceolaris (Teijsm. & Binn.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 161; -- Aerides 

calceolare Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 27 (1864) 19, nom. illeg. –Type: 

Philippines 

Ascochilus leytensis (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 161; --Sarcochilus 

leytensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 211; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407. –Type: 

Ascochilus mindanaensis (Ames) Christenson, Indian Orchid J. 1 (1985) 151; Selbyana 9, 1 (1986) 167; -- 

Sarcochilus mindanaensis (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 214; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407; 

--Thrixspermum mindanaense Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 436. –Type: 

LUZON: Sorsogon, SIBUYAN, LEYTE, BASILAN, MINDANAO: Davao, Agusan del Norte. 

Epiphytic, sea-level to 640m. 

Ascochilus emarginatus (Blume) Schuit., TE Beaman et al., Orch. of Sarawak (2001) 145.


Status 

Ascochilus siamensis Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 375. 

Sarcochilus macgregorii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 213; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407; -- 

Thrixspermum macgregorii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 337. --Type: RC McGregor 288 


MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Balete, Baco River), epiphytic. 

Ascoglossum Schlechter 

Ascoglossum calopterum (Reichb.f.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1913) 975; -- 

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 30; --Saccolabium calopterum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 18 (1882) 520; -- 

Type: 

New Guinea and the Philippines. 

DINAGAT, epiphytic at low altitudes. 

Ascotainia Ridley =Ania 

Bogoria JJ Sm. 

Bogoria merrillii (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 16; --Sarcochilus merrillii Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 213; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407. –Type: Merrill 5432 

MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (Baganga). Epiphytic, near sea level. 

Brachypeza Schlechter ex Garay 

Brachypeza zamboangensis (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 164; -- 

Sarcochilus zamboangensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 39; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 408. – 

Type: 

Merrill 11640 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga (Flecha Point). Epiphyte in forest, altitude c. 10m. 

Bromheadia Lindley 

Bromheadia alticola Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28 (1891) 338. 

Bromheadia philippinensis Ames & Quisumb., PJS 59 (1936) 6, pl. 1:1-2; 4; 9:2. –Type: 


Bromheadia devogelii Kruizinga, Orchid Monogr. 8 (1997) 102, Fig. 41. 


Bromheadia finlaysoniana (Lindl.) Miq., Fl. Ned. Indië 3 (1859) 709; --Grammatophyllum finlaysonianum 

Lindl. in N Wallich, Numer. List (1832) 7561. 


Bulbophyllum Thouars

Bulbophyllum absconditum JJ Sm., Orch. Java (1905) 449; --Pelma absconditum (JJ Sm.) Finet, Notul. 

Syst. (Paris) 1 (1909) 113 


Bulbophyllum aestivale Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 164; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 378. –Type: CA 

Wenzel 0395 (AMES*, holo; iso: GH*, US*). Leyte: Leyte prov., epiphyte in forest, altitude 600m, 25 May 

1914. 

LEYTE. Epiphytic in forest, altitude 500-600m. 

Bulbophyllum alagense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 333; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379; --Cootes, 

Orch. Philip. (2001) 31. –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet, Rizal, Laguna, Camarines Sur, MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental, LEYTE, 

MINDANAO: widespread. Epiphytic, to 500m. 

Bulbophyllum alboroseum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 164; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379. –Type: 

Ramos & Edaño 105 (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Lusong, epiphytic on dead branches, altitude 

2000m, 7 Oct 1928. 


Bulbophyllum alsiosum Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1583; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379. –Type: 

Elmer 9817 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, L*, NY*, US*). Negros: Negros Oriental prov., Cuernos Mtns, Apr 

1908. 

LUZON: Rizal, NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns), LEYTE. Epiphytic in forest, altitude 

600-1300m. 

Bulbophyllum antenniferum (Lindl.) Reichb.f. in Walp. Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 250; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 379; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 31; --Hyalosema antenniferum (Lindl.) Rysy, J. 

Orchideenfreund 9 (2002) 324; --Cirrhopetalum antenniferum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 49; 

Java, Borneo, Philippines, New Guinea. 

LUZON: Bataan, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, SIBUYAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. 

Epiphytic, usually on tree trunks, sometimes on rocks, low elevations to 500m. 

Bulbophyllum apertum Schltr., Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. 2, 6 (1906) 462. 

Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas. 

LUZON: E coast. 

Bulbophyllum apodum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 (1890) 766. 


Bulbophyllum aquosum W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum apoense Schuit. & de Vogel, Blumea 48 (2003) 506; --Bulbophyllum graciliscapum Ames & 

Rolfe, Orch. 5 (1915) 175; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. –Type: Copeland 1127 (AMES*, holo). 

Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, 22 Apr 1904. 

MINDANAO: Davao (Mt Apo). Epiphytic on mossy branch, altitude 2000m. 

Bulbophyllum arrectum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 384; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379. – 

Type: Loher sn (AMES*, type fragment and photo of drawing. Possibly from Luzon: Rizal prov., Oct 1916. 

Known only from fragmentary type material, according to Ames (1924), very close to B stellatum 

Ames.

Bulbophyllum basisetum JJ Sm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26 (1929) 347. 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum bolsteri Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 126; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380. –Type: Bolster 

349 (AMES*, holo). Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., May-Jun 1906. 

LUZON: Rizal, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Surigao del Norte. Epiphytic. 

Bulbophyllum bontocense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 126, 135; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380. – 

Type: Vanoverbergh 1382 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, L*). Luzon: Mountain Province, epiphytic, altitude 

1650m, 17 Aug 1911. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Zambales. Epiphytic, altitude 1450-1700m. 

Bulbophyllum braccatum Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 117; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380. 

Bulbophyllum hortensoides Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 300 ; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. 

LUZON, LEYTE. Epiphytic in forests, altitude 600m. 

Bulbophyllum canlaonense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 126, 136; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380. 

LUZON: Benguet, NEGROS: Negros Occidental (Mt Kanlaon), MINDANAO: Bukidnon. 

Epiphytic, altitude 1300-2300m. 

Bulbophyllum carunculatum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 10 (1995) 174; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 32. 

Described from a plant originating in the Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum catenulatum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17 (1921) 382; --Ames in 

Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 380; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 33. –Type: Loher sn (AMES*, type fragment and 

drawing). 

Luzon, presumably the Sierra Madre Mtns E of Manila) 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic on branches and tree trunks, sometimes on 

rocks, 1000-1800m. 

Bulbophyllum cephalophorum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 11 (1996) 227; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 33. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic, c. 1200m. 

Bulbophyllum cheiri Lindl., Edwards’ Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) t. 44; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 209; -- 

Sarcopodium cheiri (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton in Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 1 (1850) 155. 

Extra-Philippine distribution LUZON: Quezon. Epilithic or epiphytic, in light shade, altitude c. 

300m. 

Bulbophyllum chrysendetum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 169; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381. 

LEYTE (Dagami & Jaro). Forest epiphyte, altitude 60-600m. 

Bulbophyllum chryseum (Kraenzl.) Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 54 (excl. spec.); --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 380; --Cirrhopetalum chryseum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8 (1910) 97. –Type: 

LUZON : Rizal, LEYTE. Epiphytic at low altitudes, altitude 60m in Leyte. 

Bulbophyllum clandestinum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) t. 77. 

Epidendrum sessile J Koenig in AJ Retzius, Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 60. 


Bulbophyllum cleistogamum Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31 (1896) 277; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 34. 


–Type:

LUZON: Quezon, possibly elsewhere in the E parts. Epilithic or epiphytic in shade, altitude c. 

500m. 

Bulbophyllum colubrimodum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 82, Fig. 12; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

381. –Type: CA Wenzel 698 

LEYTE. Forest epiphyte, altitude 600m. 

Bulbophyllum cootesii MA Clem., Austral. Orchid Rev. 64 (1999) 6; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 35. – 

Type: 

MINDANAO. Epiphytic, altitude up to 500m. 

Bulbophyllum copelandii Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 97; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381. –Type: 

Copeland 1316. 

LUZON: Laguna, MINDANAO: Davao. 

Bulbophyllum cornutum (Blume) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 247; --Ephippium 

cornutum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 308. 


Bulbophyllum costatum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 299; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381. –Type: CA 

Wenzel 665. 

LEYTE. Forest epiphyte, altitude 600m. 

Bulbophyllum cryptophoranthus Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 475. 

Bulbophyllum cryptophoranthoides Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 302, nom. illeg. 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum cubicum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 83; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381. –Type: BS 

38633 Ramos & Edaño (AMES*, holo). Mindanao: Bukidnon prov., Mahilucot River, forest epiphyte, altitude 

1400m, Jun-Jul 1920. 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mahilucot River). Forest epiphyte, altitude 1400m. 

Bulbophyllum cuneatum Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 98; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381. – 

Type: Merrill 3730 (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Bataan prov., Mt Mariveles, altitude c. 1000m, 1 Jan 1904 

LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles). 

Bulbophyllum cupreum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) Misc. t. 95; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

35. –Type: 

Thailand, Philippines. 

LUZON: Aurora. Bole epiphyte, c. 500m. 

Bulbophyllum curranii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127, 130; Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 170; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 382. –Type: FB 4953 Curran (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Benguet prov., summit of Mt Tonglon 

[=Mt Sto Tomas], ‘epiphytic vine’, 8 Aug 1906. 

Bulbophyllum calophyllum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 98. –Type: Loher 14649 (AMES*, holo). Luzon : 

Rizal prov., Sept 1909. 

LUZON: Benguet, Rizal. Epiphytic, altitude 2200m in Benguet. 

Bulbophyllum dasypetalum Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 98; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

382. –Type: Merrill 3720 (AMES*, holo; iso: US*). Luzon: Bataan prov., Mt Mariveles, 1 Jan 1904. 

Bulbophyllum vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 133; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. –Type: 

Vanoverbergh 1367 (AMES*, holo; iso: NY*). Luzon: Mountain Province, Aug 1911. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Bataan (Mt Mariveles). 

Bulbophyllum dearei (Reichb.f.) Reichb.f., Flora 71 (1888) 156; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382; --

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 36; --Sarcopodium dearei Hort. ex Gard. Chron. 2, 20 (1883) 108, Fig. 17. 

–Type: 


LUZON: Bataan, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Davao del Sur. Epiphytic and 

sometimes epilithic, altitude 700-1200m. 

Bulbophyllum debrincatiae JJ Verm., Gard. Bull. Sing. 54 (2002) 114. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum dissolutum Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 429; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382. 

–Type: BS 15069 Ramos (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Laguna prov., San Antonio, 13 Jun 1912. 


Bulbophyllum doryphoroide Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 172; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382. – 

Type: BS 19873 McGregor (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Ifugao prov., Mt Polis, Feb 1913. 

LUZON: Ifugao (Mt Polis). 

Bulbophyllum ebracteolatum Kraenzl., in Ann. k. k. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 58; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 382. –Type: Loher sn (not seen). Probably from Luzon 

Known only from the original description. 

Bulbophyllum echinochilum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16 (1921) 385. –Type: Loher sn 

(AMES*, holotype fragment, also drawing of type). Luzon 


Bulbophyllum ecornutoides Cootes & W Suarez, Aust. Orch. Review 71 (2006) 6, 35-36. –Type: 

Philippines 

● Bulbophyllum ecornutoides Cootes & W.Suarez -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 71(6): 36 (35; figs.). 2006 [Dec 

2006] 

Bulbophyllum elassoglossum Siegerist, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 60 (1991) 865; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 37. –Type: 

Philippines. Exact locality not known. Described from plants grown in the United States. 

Bulbophyllum elmeri Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382. –Type: Elmer 

6618 (AMES*, iso). Luzon: Benguet prov., Baguio, 8 Mar 1904. 

LUZON: Benguet (Baguio). 

Bulbophyllum elongatum (Blume) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bogor. (1844) 39; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

382; --Ephippium elongatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 308. –Type: 

Peninsular Malaysia, Java, S Philippines. 

MINDANAO: Cotabato, Bukidnon. Forest epiphyte, altitude 100-900m. 

Bulbophyllum emiliorum Ames & Quisumb., PJS 64 (1931) 377; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 37. – 

Type: 

Emilio Quisumbing 5154 (AMES*, posible holo). Mindanao: Agusan del Norte prov., Butuan, epiphytic on 

tree trunk in mangrove, 22 Aug 1919. 

Philippines and Papua New Guinea. 

LUZON: Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Epiphytic on tree 

trunks, altitude 100-400m. 

Bulbophyllum erosipetalum Schweinf., Philip. Orchid Rev. 4(3) (1951) 15. –Type: PNH 15085 KB Day 

(AMES*, holo). Described from cultivated plant originally collected from Mindanao: Cotabato prov., Dec 1951. 

Osyricera erosipetala (Schweinf.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 643. 

MINDANAO: Cotabato.

Bulbophyllum erratum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 85; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383. –Type: BS 

38685 Ramos & Edaño (AMES*, holo; iso: NY*, US*). Mindanao: Bukidnon prov., Mahilucot River, along 

stream in forest, altitude c. 1400m, 14 Jul 1920. 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon. 

Bulbophyllum escritorii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 174; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383. –Type: BS 

20734 Escritor (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Quezon prov., Mar-Apr 1913. 

LUZON: Benguet, Quezon. Epiphytic, up to 2000m in Benguet. 

Bulbophyllum exile Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 208, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383. – 

Syntypes: Copeland 1123 (AMES*); RS Williams 2563 (NY*). Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, collected on 22 

Apr 1904 and 1 Apr 1905, respectively. 

MINDANAO: Davao (Mt Apo), epiphyte in the summit area, altitude c. 2900m 

Bulbophyllum exquisitum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 84; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383; -- 

Bulbophyllum macgregorii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) 137, nom. illeg. –Syntypes: BS 8322 RC McGregor 

LUZON: Benguet. Epiphytic in mossy forest, altitude 2100-2400m. 

Bulbophyllum extravagans W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum facetum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 11 (1996) 227; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 38. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic on tree trunks in fairly shady sites, c. 1200m. 

Bulbophyllum fenixii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 430; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383. – 

Type: BS 4138 E Fenix 

CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES. 

Bulbophyllum aff. fenixii Ames, --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 38. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic, altitude c. 1200m. 

Bulbophyllum filicoides Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 84, Fig. 11; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382. – 

Type: Elmer 14200 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Epiphytic, altitude 1500m. 

Bulbophyllum flavescens (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 54; --Diphyes flavescens Blume, 

Bijdr. (1825) 313. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum adenopetalum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 28 (1842) Misc. 85; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 378. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum ramosii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 25. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum clemensiae Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381. –Type: MS Clemens 

440. 


LUZON: Apayao, Mountain Province, Bataan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, MINDORO, LEYTE, 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte (Dapitan), Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley), Bukidnon. 

Epiphytic at 500-2700m. 

Bulbophyllum giganteum (Quisumb. & Schweinf.) W Suarez 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum gilvum JJ Verm. & AL Lamb, Blumea 38 (1994) 338. –Type: 

Extra-Philippine range

Bulbophyllum gimagaanense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 383. –Type: 

LUZON: Laguna, PANAY: Capiz, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, LEYTE. Epiphytic, altitude 100- 

700m. 

Bulbophyllum glandulosum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 87, Fig. 12; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

382. –Type: BS 28787 Ramos & Edaño 

LUZON: Quezon. Epiphyte, altitude 1000m. 

Bulbophyllum glebulosum JJ Verm. & Cootes, Malesian Orchid Journal 1 (2008) 147–151. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum glebulosum J.J.Verm. & Cootes -- Malesian Orchid J. 1: 147 (-149; fig. 1). 2008 [28 Feb 2008] 

Bulbophyllum gnomoniferum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 209, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

382. –Type: Copeland 1023. 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Epiphyte, altitude 1500m. 

Bulbophyllum goebelianum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 385; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. 

–Type: Loher sn. 

Probably LUZON. Allied to B dearei 

Bulbophyllum halconense Ames, PJS 2 c (1908) Bot. 127; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384; --Cootes, 


MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Epiphytic on tree trunks and branches, altitude 1500- 

2500m. 

Bulbophyllum inunctum JJ Sm., Icon. Bogor. 3 (1906) 37, t. 215. 


LUZON: E coast. 

Bulbophyllum invisum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 148; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. –Type: 

Ramos & Edaño 58 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Pulogloco). Epiphytic in mossy forest, altitude 2200m. 

Bulbophyllum kettridgei (Garay, Hamer & Siegerist) JJ Verm., Nordic J. Bot. 16(4) (1996) 381. – 

Type: 

Philippines. Check year of publication, 1997 

Bulbophyllum lancifolium Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1583; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. –Type: 

NEGROS, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Epiphyte at c. 2600m altitude on Mt 

Apo. 

Bulbophyllum lancilabium Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 176; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. –Type: 

BS 20439 Ramos 

LUZON: Laguna. Epiphyte, altitude 1000m. 

Bulbophyllum lancipetalum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 23, 127; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380. 

–Type: FB 4608 Mearns & Hutchinson. Mindanao: Misamis Occidental prov., Mt Malindang, altitude 2400m, 

4 Jun 1906. 

MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang), Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Altitude 2000- 

2400m. 

Bulbophyllum lasioglossum Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 100; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

384; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 39. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum breviscapum (Rolfe) Ridl., Mat. Fl. Malay. Penins. 1: 78 (1907).

LUZON: Bataan, Laguna. Epiphytic, altitude c. 1000m. Endemic unless identical with 

Bulbophyllum breviscapum (Rolfe) Ridl. of Peninsular Malaysia. 

Bulbophyllum lasiopetalum Kränzl., in Ann. k. k. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 57; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 

1 (1925) 384. –Type: Loher sn. 

LUZON 

Bulbophyllum laxiflorum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 57; --Diphyes laxiflora Blume, Bijdr. 

(1825) 316; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 40. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum luzonense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127, 141; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum syllectum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 383; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. –Type: 

Burma, Thailand, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. 

LUZON: Cagayan, Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, Laguna, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Sur, 

Surigao del Sur. Epiphytic, altitude 120-1000m. 

Bulbophyllum leibergii Ames & Rolfe, Orch. 5 (1915) 177; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. –Type: 

Leiberg 6034. 

LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles). Altitude 900m. 

Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides Rolfe, Gard. Chron., 1 (1890) 672. 

Thailand, Vietnam, Sumatra, Java, C Philippines. 

NEGROS 

Bulbophyllum lepantense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127, 131; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; -- 


LUZON: Ifugao, Mountain Province, Benguet. Epiphytic on mossy trunks and branches, altitude 

2200-2450m. 

Bulbophyllum leptocaulon Kränzl., in Ann. k. k. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 59; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 385. –Type: Loher sn. Probably Luzon. 

Known only from the original description and fragment of the type. 

Bulbophyllum levanae Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 178; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum levanae var. giganteum Quisumb. & Schweinf., Philip. Orchid Rev. 5 (1953) 2. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum trigonosepalum Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 384; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. –Type: 

Loher sn. Probably from Luzon. 

LUZON: Albay, NEGROS. Epiphytic, occasionally lithophytic, altitude 1000m. 

Bulbophyllum leytense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 178; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. –Type: 

LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Epiphyte. 

Bulbophyllum lipense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 3 (1923) 22; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. –Type: BS 

38582 Ramos & Edaño 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Epiphyte in damp forest, altitude 1300m. 

Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 33 (1847) t. 29; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 41; -- 

Sestochilus uniflorum Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep. (1827) t. 3. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum bataanense Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 96; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379. –Type: Whitford 

163 (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Bataan prov., Mt Mariveles, Lamao, May 1904 

Thailand, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Ifugao, Mountain Province, Benguet, Zambales, Bataan, Laguna, PALAWAN, 

MINDANAO: Lanao, Davao. Epiphytic, altitude 1000-1500m. 

Bulbophyllum longipetiolatum Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1584; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. –

Type: Elmer 10883. Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, Todaya. 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Epiphytic in humid forest, altitude c. 1300m. 

Bulbophyllum lotax W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum macranthum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) t. 13. –Type: 

Carparomorchis macrantha (Lindlley) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 499. 

Bulbophyllum maculatum Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13A: 235 

Bulbophyllum maculosum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 180; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. –Type: 

LEYTE: Leyte (Dagami). Epiphyte in forest at 60m altitude. 

Bulbophyllum magnum JJ Verm., ined. 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum maquilingense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 208 ; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 41. 

–Type: 

var. maquilingense 

LUZON : Laguna, Quezon. Epiphytic, usually at the base of small trees, altitude c. 1000m. 

var. insularum W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum marivelense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127, 131; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. – 

Type: 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum masaganapense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 302; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. – 

Type: 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum maxillare (Lindl.) Reichb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 248; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 42; --Phyllorkis maxillaris (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 677; --Cirrhopetalum maxillare 

Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 49; 

Bulbophyllum blumei (Lindl.) JJ Sm., Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 459; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 380; 

As B blumei: Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Cavite, MINDORO, BOHOL, LEYTE. Epiphytic, usually on tree trunks, up to 300m. 

Bulbophyllum mearnsii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 430; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; -- 

Orch. Philip. (2001) 42; --Bulbophyllum carinatum Ames, PJS, C 7: 140 (1912), nom. illeg., --Type : 

LUZON: Sorsogon, CATANDUANES, BOHOL, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga 

del Sur, Misamis Occidental, Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur. Epiphytic, c. 900m. 

Bulbophyllum megalanthum Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3 (1851) 286. 


Bulbophyllum melanochilum (Kraenzl.) Cootes & W Suarez, Aust. Orch. Rev. (2009) xxx; -- 

Bulbophyllum melanoglossum Kränzl., in Ann. k.k. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 60, non Hayata; --Ames 

in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. –Type: 

Hand-written comments (by Schweinfurth) regarding the name Bulbophyllum melanochilum 

Kraenzl. on the holotype sheet at A: “No record of this name was found. May it not be B.

melanoglossum Kränzl.” C.S., Feb. 1936”. 

Bulbophyllum membranifolium Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 (1890) 756. 

Bulbophyllum dagamense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 170; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382. –Type: CA Wenzel 

57 (AMES*, holo). Leyte: Leyte prov., Dagami, 31 Dec 1912. 


LEYTE (Dagami; Jaro). Forest epiphyte, altitude 60-500m. 

Bulbophyllum merrittii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 334; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum mindanaense Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1585; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. – 

Type: 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum mindorense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 334; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum monstrabile Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 182; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Bulbophyllum mucronatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 50; --Diphyes mucronata Blume, 

Bijdr. (1825) 317. 


Bulbophyllum mutabile (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 48; --Diphyes mutabilis Blume, Bijdr. 

(1825) 312. –Type: 


Bulbophyllum nasseri Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 303. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum negrosianum Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1586; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386; -- 


NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns). Epiphytic, c. 1400m. 

Bulbophyllum nemorale LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 100. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum nymphopolitanum Kraenzl., Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 30 (1916) 60; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 43. –Type: 

LUZON: Albay. Epiphytic or occasionally lithophytic, altitude up to 1000m. 

Bulbophyllum odoratum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 54; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

44. --Diphyes odorata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 312; 

Bulbophyllum deceptum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 171; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 382. –Type: CA Wenzel 

148 (AMES*, holo). Leyte: Leyte prov., Dagami, epiphyte in forest, 21 Jun 1913. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas. 

LUZON: Ifugao, Rizal, LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Agusan, Davao, Surigao. Epiphytic, 

altitude up to 1000m. 

Bulbophyllum orectopetalum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Orchidee 43(3) (1992)41. 


Bulbophyllum ornithorhynchum (JJ Sm.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Orchidee (Hamburg) 43 

(1992) 

266; --Cirrhopetalum ornithorhynchus JJ Sm., Icon. Bogor. (1903) t. 121. 


Bulbophyllum orthoglossum Wendl. & Kraenzl., Gard. Chron. iii, 19 (1896) 326; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 

1 (1925) 386; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 44. –Type: 

SARANGGANI. Epiphytic, up to 300m. 

Bulbophyllum pampangense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 92; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. – 

Type: Merrill 11214 (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Pampanga prov., Dec 1918. 

LUZON : Pampanga. 

Bulbophyllum papillipetalum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 149; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. – 

Type: Ramos & Edaño 79 (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Boadan, epiphytic on mossy forest 

slope, altitude 6800ft, 27 Sept 1921 


Bulbophyllum papulosum Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 304; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 44. –Type: 

Endemic to the Philippines. Exact locality not known. Reportedly epiphytic, to 500m. 

Bulbophyllum pardalotum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Lindleyana 10 (1995) 179; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

2001) 45. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic, altitude c. 1200m in well-lit sites. 

Bulbophyllum pauciflorum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 127, 132; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. – 

Type: Vanoverbergh 1381 (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Mountain Province, altitude 1650m, 17 Aug 1911. 

LUZON : Mountain Province. Epiphytic, altitude 1650m. 

Bulbophyllum penduliscapum JJ Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 101. 

Bulbophyllum jarense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 301; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 384. –Type: CA Wenzel 761 

(NY*, iso). Leyte: Jaro, 27 Nov 1917. 


As B jarense: LEYTE. Forest epiphyte, altitude 500m. 

Bulbophyllum peramoenum Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 430; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

387. –Type: Merrill 8271 (AMES*, holo). Mindanao: Zamboanga, Sax River, 28 Nov 1911. 

MINDORO, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. 

Bulbophyllum philippinense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 303; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. 

–Type: CA Wenzel (AMES*, holo; iso: US*). Leyte: Leyte prov., Jaro, epiphyte in forest, altitude 500m, 13 

Nov 1914. 

LEYTE. Epiphytic, altitude 500m. 

Bulbophyllum piestoglossum JJ Verm., Blumea 38 (1993) 152; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 46. –Type: 

PNH 5362 MD Sulit (L*, holo; iso: AMES*). Luzon: Laguna prov., Mt Makiling, epiphytic, altitude 800m, 23 

Apr 1947. 

LUZON: Laguna, Quezon. Epiphytic usually on tree trunks, altitude 600-1300m. 

Bulbophyllum pleurothalloides Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 335; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. – 

Type: Merrill 6128 (AMES*, iso). Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt Halcon, on mossy trunks, altitude 

4500ft, 14 Nov 1906. 

MINDORO : Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Epiphytic in mossy forest, altitude c. 1500m. 

Bulbophyllum profusum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 128, 137; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387; --


Guam, Philippines. 

LUZON: Cagayan, Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, POLILLO, SIBUYAN, 

PALAWAN, LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Sur, BASILAN. 

Epiphytic, often in shaded sites, up to 500m. 

Bulbophyllum pseudoconiferum W Suarez & Cootes, Orchideen J. 16(2) (2009) 74 (-75; figs.) – 

Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum pseudoconiferum W.Suarez & Cootes -- Orchideen J. 16(2): 74 (-75; figs.). 2009 [15 May 

2009] 

Bulbophyllum recurvilabre Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 4 (1999) 304. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum reilloi Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 431; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum rhizomatosum Ames & Schweinf. in Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 194. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum rysyanum Roeth, Orchidee (Hamburg) 58(4) 92007) 512 (-514; figs.). –Type: 

Bulbophyllum rysyanum Roeth -- Orchidee (Hamburg) 58(4): 512 (-514; figs.). 2007 

Bulbophyllum santosii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 186; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388; --Cootes, 


LUZON: Aurora, Laguna, Quezon, Camarines Sur (Mt Iriga), LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. 

Epiphytic, altitude to 800m. 

Bulbophyllum sapphirinum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 187; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum saurocephalum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. n.s. (1886) 262; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

388; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 47. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Quezon. Epiphytic, altitude c. 1000m. 

ssp. oncoglossum W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum savaiense Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 106. 

ssp. subcubicum (JJ Sm.) JJ Verm., Orchid Monogr. 7 (1993) 141; --Bulbophyllum subcubicum JJ Sm., 

Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1912) 487; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 48. –Type: 

Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea. LEYTE. Epiphytic. Cootes (2001) cites an altitude 

of 2000m, but no 2000m mountain in Leyte. Apparently referring to localities outside the 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum schefferi (Kuntze) Schltr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2) (1915) 417; --Phyllorchis schefferi 

Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 676. 

Bulbophyllum marcidum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 90, Fig. 12; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 386. –Type: 


Bulbophyllum sempiternum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 304; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. – 

Type:

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum sensile Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 188; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum simulacrum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 189; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum socordine JJ Verm. & Cootes, Malesian Orchid J. 1 (2008) 147–151. –Type: 

● Bulbophyllum socordine J.J.Verm. & Cootes -- Malesian Orchid J. 1: 149 (-151; fig. 2). 2008 [28 Feb 

2008] 

Bulbophyllum stellatum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 128, 141; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum subaequale Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 93; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum superfluum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26 (1929) 172. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum tenuifolium (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1830) 50; --Diphyes tenuifolia Blume, Bijdr. 

(1825) 310, t. 316. 

Thailand, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Java, Philippines. 

Mtns of C Luzon. 

Bulbophyllum toppingii Ames, PJS 7 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 432; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. – 

Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum tortuosum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1830) 50. 


Bulbophyllum translucens W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum tricallosum W Suarez & Cootes, ined. 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum unguiculatum Reichb.f., Linnaea 22 (1849) 836, 864. 


Bulbophyllum uniflorum (Blume) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor (1844) 39; --Ephippium uniflorum Blume, 

Bijdr. (1825) 309. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum aeolium Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 429; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 378. –Type: BS 

15391 Ramos (AMES*, US*, iso). Leyte: Leyte prov., Dagami, Aug 1912. 


LUZON: Rizal, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Epiphytic in forests, altitude 600-1300m. 

Bulbophyllum vagans Ames & Rolfe, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 335; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. –Type: 

var. vagans 

Philippines

var. angustum Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 335; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum vermiculare Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 188. 


Bulbophyllum wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 432; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum whitfordii Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 100; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 390. 

–Type: 

LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Lamao River), BUSUANGA, BASILAN, MINDANAO: Davao. 

Epiphytic. 

Bulbophyllum williamsii Hawkes, Lloydia 14 (1956) 93; --Bulbophyllum caudatum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. 

Leafl. 6 (1938) 99, nom. illeg., --Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum woelfliae Garay, Senghas & K Lemcke, J. Orchideenfreund 3 (1996) 37. –Type: 

Philippines 

Bulbophyllum zambalense Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 134; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. –Type: 

Philippines 

Possible novelties 

Bulbophyllum sp. aff. coweniorum 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya. 

Bulbophyllum sp. aff. elassoglossum 


Bulbophyllum sp. aff. heldiorum 

MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte 

Bulbophyllum sp. section Globiceps 

LUZON: Aurora. Dwarfed plant. 

Bulbophyllum sp. section Globiceps 


Bulbophyllum sp. section Lepidorhiza 

MINDANAO: Davao Oriental. 

Bulbophyllum sp. section Macrocaulia 


Yellow flowers 

Bulbophyllum sp. section Macrocaulia 


Brown-orange flowers. 

Bulbophyllum sp. section Macrocaulia (cover on Jim’s book),


Bulbophyllum sp. section Tripudianthes (Nueva Vizcaya) 


Cadetia Gaudichaud 

Cadetia microphyton (LO Williams) Christenson, Lindleyana 7 (1992) 89 ; --Dendrobium microphyton LO 

Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 47. –Type: 

Philippines 

Cadetia sp. 

BASILAN 

Calanthe alba W Suarez & Cootes, ined. 

Philippines. 

Calanthe R Brown 

Calanthe angustifolia (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 251; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333; 

-Amblyglottis angustifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 369. –Type : 


Calanthe conspicua Lindl., Fol. Orch. Calanthe (1854, publ. 1855) 4; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333. – 

Type: 

Philippines. 

Calanthe davaensis Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 422; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Calanthe furcata Bateman ex Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) 28; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

334. –Type: 

Calanthe triplicata (Willemet) Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 326 ; --Orchis triplicata Willemet, Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 18 

(1796) 

52. –Type: 

S China, Ryukyus, Bonins, Malesia to Polynesia, Micronesia. 

Calanthe halconensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 324; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Calanthe hennisii Loher, Gard. Chron. iii, 46 (1909) 34; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 48. –Type: 

LUZON: Rizal, Quezon, MINDANAO: North Cotabato, South Cotabato. Epiphyte on base of 

trees, altitude 500-1000m. 

Calanthe jusnerii Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13A (1880) 247. 

Calanthe lacerata Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 11; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Calanthe lyroglossa Reichb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1 (1878) 53; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334. –Type: 

Philippines.

Calanthe maquilingensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 97; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Calanthe macgregorii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 325; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Calanthe mindorensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 325; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 334. –Type: Merrill 

5525 

Philippines. 

Calanthe nivalis Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13 (1880) 247. 

Calanthe pulchra (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 250; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 335; -- 

Amblyglottis pulchra Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 371. –Type: 


Calanthe rubens Ridl., Gard. Chron., III (1890) 576; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 49. –Type: 

Calanthe elmeri Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 155, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 333; 

Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines. LUZON: Abra, Mountain Province, Benguet, 

PALAWAN. Terrestrial, up to 1800m. 

Calanthe speciosa (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1833) 250. 


Calanthe vestita Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 250. 


Calcearia Blume 

Calcearia lacerata (LO Williams) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13(10) (2002) 445; --Corybas 

laceratus LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 54. –Type: Loher 14673 (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Rizal prov., 

Sept 1909. 

LUZON: Rizal. 

Calcearia merrillii (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13(10) (2002) 445; --Corybas merrillii 

(Ames) 

Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 42; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 261; --Corysanthes merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 

1 (1905) 65. --Type: 

LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles), Laguna (Mt Makiling). Terrestrial on mossy cliffs. 

Carparomorchis =Bulbophyllum 

Camarotis Lindley =Micropera 

Cephalantheropsis Guillaumin 

Cephalantheropsis calanthoides (Ames) TS Liu & HJ Su, Fl. Taiwan 5 (1978) 918; --Phaius

calanthoides Ames, Orchidaceae 2: 153 (1908). –Type: 


Cephalantheropsis longipes (Hook.f.) Ormerod, Orchid Digest 62 (1998) 156; --Calanthe longipes 


Hook.f., Fl. Brit. In 

Cephalantheropsis obcordata (Lindl.) Ormerod, Orchid Digest 62 (1998) 157; --Bletia obcordata Lindl., 

Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1831) 123. –Type: 

Cephalantheropsis halconensis (Ames) SS Ying, Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 3 (1988) 622; --Phaius halconensis 

Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 323; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 331. –Type: 

Phaius ramosii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 96; --Calanthe ramosii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 12. –Type: 


Ceraia Loureiro 

Ceraia bukidnonense (Ames & Quisumb.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; --Dendrobium 

bukidnonense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 59 (1936) 5. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Ceraia cabadbarense (Ames) W Suarez, ined. 

Dendrobium cabadbarense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 117; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Ceraia carinata (L.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; --Bulbophyllum carinatum (L.) Náves in Blanco, Fl. 

Filip., ed. 3 (1880) 235; --Dendrobium carinatum (L.) Willd., Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 133; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 346; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 70; --Epidendrum carinatum L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 953. –Type: FB 

6315 Curran. 

LUZON: Zambales, MINDORO. Epiphytic in open sandy spots. 

Ceraia escritorii (Ames) W Suarez, ined. 

Aporum escritorii (Ames) MA Clemens, Telopea 10(1) (2003) 295; --Dendrobium escritorii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 


Philippines. 

Ceraia equitans (Kraenzl.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; --Aporum equitans (Kraenzl.) Brieger, 

Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12) (1981) 673; --Dendrobium equitans Kraenzl. in Engl. (ed.), Pflanzenreich, IV, 

50 II B 21 (1910) 228; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 76. –Type: 

Dendrobium batanense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 200. –Type: 

Ceraia gerlandiana (Kraenzl.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; --Dendrobium gerlandianum Kraenzl., 

in Fedde Repert. 6 (1909) 317; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 77. 

Described from plants originating in the Philippines. Exact provenance unknown. 

Ceraia hymenantha (Reichb.f.) W Suarez, ined. 

Bolbidium hymenanthum (Reichb.f.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 433; --Dendrobium hymenanthum 

Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350. –Type: 

Burma, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines. 

LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, Quezon, POLILLO, MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Epiphytic, sometimes on 

mangrove trees, up to c. 300m. 

Ceraia juncea (Lindl.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 291; --Aporum junceum (Lindl.) Rauschert, Feddes 

Repert. 94 (1983) 440; --Dendrobium junceum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28(Misc.) (1842) 9; --Cootes, 


Borneo, Philippines.

LUZON: Rizal, Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, BUCAS GRANDE. Epiphytic, altitude c. 

500m. 

Ceraia marivelense (Ames) W Suarez, ined. 

Aporum marivelense (Ames) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 440; --Dendrobium marivelense Ames, 

Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 180, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Ceraia mindanaense (Ames) W Suarez, ined. 

Aporum mindanaense (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 296; --Dendrobium mindanaense Ames, PJS 8 c 

1913) Bot. 423; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 81. –Type: 

LUZON: Rizal, Quezon, CULION, PALAWAN, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, LEYTE, 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Cotabato, Davao, Surigao del Sur. Altitude up to 300m, also 

including mangroves. 

Ceraia modesta (Reichb.f.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 292; --Dendrobium modestum Reichb.f., 

Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 82. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, Quezon, CORON. Epiphytic, often in well-lit sites, altitude to 

1200m. 

Ceraia multiramosa (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 292; --Dendrobium multiramosum Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 129; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352. 

Philippines. 

Ceraia [Dendrobium niveobarbatum Cootes, Aust. Orch. Rev. 73(4) (2008) 22.] 

● Dendrobium niveobarbatum Cootes -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(4): 22 (figs.). 2008 [Aug 2008] 

Philippines. 

Ceraia philippinensis (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293; --Dendrobium philippinense Ames, 

PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 424; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 84. 

Philippines, Marianas. 

LUZON: Zambales, Bataan, Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, POLILLO, MINDORO: Mindoro 

Oriental, PANAY, LEYTE, MINDANAO. Epiphytic, up to c. 300m. 

Ceraia planibulbis (Lindl.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293; --Aporum planibulbe (Lindl.) Rauschert, 

Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 441; --Dendrobium planibulbe Lindl., Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) Misc. 54; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353. 

Philippines. 

Ceraia polytricha (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293; --Dendrobium polytrichum Ames, PJS 2 c 

(1907) Bot. 328; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 86. 

LUZON: Cagayan, Isabela, Aurora, Bataan, Rizal, Quezon, Laguna, MINDORO: Mindoro 

Oriental. Usually a sun-loving epiphyte, altitude up to 500m. 

Ceraia pseudoequitans (Fessel & Lückel) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293; --Dendrobium 

pseudoequitans Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 51 (2000) 83. 

Philippines. 

Ceraia robinsonii (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 293; --Dendrobium robinsonii Ames, PJS 8 c 

(1913, publ. 1914) 425. 

Philippines. 

Ceraia saaronica (Koenig) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 486;

Ceraia sinuosa (Ames) W Suarez, ined. 

Aporum sinuosum (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 297; --Dendrobium sinuosum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 


Philippines. 

Ceraia usteri (Schltr.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294; --Flickingeria usterii (Schltr.) Brieger in Schltr. 

Orchideen 1(11-12) (1981) 742; --Ephemerantha usterii (Schltr.) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 

107; 

--Dendrobium usterii Schltr., Bull. Herb. Boissier, II, 6 (1906) 458; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357. 

–Type: 

Philippines. 

Ceraia usterioides (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294; --Dendrobium usterioides Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 142; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357. 

Philippines. 

Ceraia ventricosa (Kraenzl.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 294; --Dendrobium ventricosum Kraenzl. in 

Engl. Pflanzenreich iv.50.ii.B.21 (1910) 209; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 93. –Type: 

Taiwan (Lanyu and Kwasyoto Isls) and the Philippines. 

BATAN (Mt Iraya, in forest, 100-500m, locally frequent. Hatusima 29079), LUZON: Zambales, 

Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao, Agusan, Surigao. Epiphytic, up to 300m. 

Ceratobium MA Clements & DL Jones =Dendrobium 

Ceratocentron Senghas 

Ceratocentron fesselii Senghas, Orchidee (Hamburg) 40 (1989) 90; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 49. 

LUZON: Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic, altitude c. 1000m. 

Ceratostylis Blume 

Ceratostylis caespitosa LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 96. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis dataensis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 151; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis elmeri Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 49; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis incognita JT Atwood & J Beckner, Selbyana 19 (1999) 265; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

50. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic, usually in very brightly lit spots, altitude 750- 

1500m. 

Ceratostylis heterophylla W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines 

Ceratostylis latipetala Ames, PJS 4 c (1909, publ. 1910) Bot. 671; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. 

Philippines.

Ceratostylis loheri LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 97. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis mindanaensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 51; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis philippinensis Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 79, text cut; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 317. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis ramosa Rolfe ex Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 323; Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 149; –Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 318. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis retisquama Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 53; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318; --Cootes, 


LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Zambales, Bataan, Rizal, Quezon, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Agusan del Norte. Epiphytic, to 500m. 

Ceratostylis rubra Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 670; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318. 

Philippines. 

Ceratostylis senilis Reichb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1 (1878) 54; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318; -- 

Cootes, 


LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Bataan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Camarines Sur, 

Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Epiphytic in brightly-lit sites at c. 1000m altitudes. 

Ceratostylis subulata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 306; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 318; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 52. –Type: 

India, Thailand, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines, New Guinea, 

Solomon Isls, Vanuatu. LUZON: Ifugao, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Bataan, Pampanga, Rizal, 

MINDORO: Mindoro Occidental, Mindoro Oriental, PANAY, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Lanao 

del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao, Agusan del Norte. Epiphytic, altitude up to 2100m. 

Ceratostylis wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 421; –Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 319. 

Philippines. 

Cestichis Thouars =Liparis 

Chamaeanthus Schlechter 

Chamaeanthus brachystachys Schltr. ex JJ Sm., Orch Java (1905) 552. 

Chamaeanthus wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 200; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 404. 

Cheirostylis Blume 

Cheirostylis chinensis Rolfe, Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 9 (1895) 158. 

Cheirostylis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 59; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 275. 

Cheirostylis taiwanensis Yamam., J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 5 (1933) 54.


LUZON: Kalinga, Benguet, Tayabas, PANAY: Iloilo, NEGROS: Negros Oriental. In mountainous 

regions at 330 to 830 m altitude. 

Cheirostylis merrillii (Ames & Quisumb.) Ormerod, Austral. Orchid Rev. 63 (1998) 10; --Adenostylis 

merrillii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 370. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Cheirostylis octodactyla Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 314; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 275. –Type: 

LUZON: Laguna (Mt Banahaw), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon, in forest at 2500- 

2700m). 

Philippines. 


Cheirostylis sp. 

MINDANAO: Davao Oriental 

Cheirostylis sp. 

PALAWAN. 

Chelonistele Pfitzer 

Chelonistele sulphurea (Blume) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich, IV, 50 II B 7 (1907) 137; --Chelonanthera 

sulphurea Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 384; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 52. –Type: 

Coelogyne ramosii Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 90; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282. 


PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (Mt Urdaneta), Bukidnon (Mt Candoon), according 

to Cootes (2001) recorded from thoughout Mindanao. Epiphytic, 600-2700m. 

Chilopogon Schlechter =Appendicula 

Chromatotriccum MA Clements & DL Jones 

Chromatotriccum erosum (Blume) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 11; --Pedilonum 

erosum Blume in Bijdr. (1825) 320, t. 323. 

Throughout SE Asia. Mtns of C Luzon. 

Chrysoglossum Blume 

Chrysoglossum ornatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 337. 


Cirrhopetalum Lindley 

Cirrhopetalum abbreviatum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. 2 (1881) 70. 


Cirrhopetalum auratum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.)(No. 107) (1840) 50. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum auratum (Lindl.) Reichb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 261; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 379. 


Cirrhopetalum baucoense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 621; -- 

Bulbophyllum baucoense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 166. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Cirrhopetalum biflorum (Teijsm. & Binn.) JJ Sm., Icon. Bogor. (1903) t. 120 B; --Bulbophyllum biflorum 

Teijsm. & Binn., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 3 (1855) 397; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 32. –Type: 

Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia, Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal, 

most likely in other Philippine islands. Epiphytic, to 800m in brightly lit sites. 

Sometimes regarded as conspecific with C. weberi (Ames) Senghas. 

Cirrhopetalum brevibrachiatum Schltr., Fedde, Repert. 10 (1911) 186. --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 52. 

–Type: 

Sulawesi. 

Cootes (2001) reported that specimens he collected from LUZON (Nueva Vizcaya and Nueva 

Ecija) are very close to this species. These plants occur as epiphyte on tree trunks, altitude 500- 

1400m. 

Cirrhopetalum brienianum (Rolfe) Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1893) 62. 


Cirrhopetalum cumingii Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1838) t. 49; Paxton’s Bot. Mag. 8 (1841) 165; -- 


Bulbophyllum cumingii (Lindl.) Reichb.f., in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861)261; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 381 

Bulbophyllum stramineum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 190; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. –Type: 

Borneo (Sabah), Philippines. 

LUZON: Cagayan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, PALAWAN: Lake Manguao, PANAY: Capiz, 

NEGROS: Negros Occidental, SAMAR. Epiphytic. Low altitudes up to c. 500m. 

Cirrhopetalum dolichoblepharon Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 185. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum dolichoblepharon (Schltr.) JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. Ser. 2, 8 (1912) 23; 


Cirrhopetalum fascinator Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1908) 69. 

Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines. NE MINDANAO : altitude over 800m. 

var. fascinator 

var. corazonae W Suarez & Cootes, ined. 

Cirrhopetalum flabellum-veneris (J Koenig) Seidenf. & Ormerod in G Seidenfaden, Descr. 

Epidendrorum JG Koenig 1791 (1995) 39; --Epidendrum flabellum-veneris Koenig in Retz. Obs. vi (1791) 57. 

Cirrhopetalum lepidum (Blume) Schltr., 

Andaman Isls, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, 

Borneo, Philippines, Moluccas. 

Cirrhopetalum gusdorfii (JJ Sm.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 621; -- 

Bulbophyllum gusdorfii JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, II, 25 (1917) 79. –Type: 


Cirrhopetalum loherianum Kraenzl., Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 30 (1916) 61; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 54. –Type:

Bulbophyllum loherianum (Kraenzl.) Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385; 

LUZON: Laguna, Quezon, Camarines Sur, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del 

Sur. Epiphytic, c. 1000m. 

Cirrhopetalum makoyanum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 11(1) (1879) 234; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

55. –Type: 

Bulbophyllum makoyanum (Reichb.f.) Ridl., Mat. Fl. Malay Penins. 1 (1907) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 385. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Ifugao, Zambales, Rizal, 

POLILLO, MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental, BUSUANGA, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Augusan del 

Norte, Agusan del Sur. Epiphyte, altitude up to 300m. 

Cirrhopetalum multiflorum W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines. 

Cirrhopetalum nutans Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 25 (Misc.) (1839) 71; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 55. – 

Type: 

Bulbophyllum nutans (Lindl.) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 260, non Thouars. 

Bulbophyllum othonis (Kuntze) JJ Sm., Bull. Gard. Bot. Buitenz., ii, 8 (1912) 26; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. 

As Bulbophyllum othonis: LUZON: Quezon, Albay, Sorsogon, LEYTE. Epiphytic, up to 300m. 

Cirrhopetalum ochraceum Ridl., J. Bot. 36 (1898) 212. 


Cirrhopetalum puguahaanense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 619; 

--Bulbophyllum puguahaanense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 185; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. 

–Type: 

Philippines. 

Cirrhopetalum putidum Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 24 (1862) 311. –Type: 

Mastigion putidum (Teijsm. & Binn.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 637; --Bulbophyllum putidum 

(Teijsm. & Binn.) JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 2, 8 (1912) 27. 

(Philippine occurrence doubtful) 

Cirrhopetalum sibuyanense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14(6) (1994) 620; 

--Bulbophyllum sibuyanense Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1587; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 388. 

–Type: 

Philippines. 

Cirrhopetalum socordine JJ Verm. & Cootes, ined. 

Philippines 

Cirrhopetalum surigaense (Ames & Quisumb.) W Suarez, Phil. Orch. Rev. 15(2) (2007) 18; -- 

Bulbophyllum surigaense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 449. –Type: BS 84715 Quisumbing (AMES*, holo). From 

cultivated material in Manila, provenance: Mindanao: Surigao prov., 1931. 

LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. 

Cirrhopetalum trisetum (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 622; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001 

1 (1925) 389. –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic, up to 1200m. 

Cirrhopetalum umbellatum (G Forst.) Reinw. ex Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey Voy. (1832) 71; -- 

Epidendrum umbellatum G Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr. (1786) 60. 


Cirrhopetalum vaginatum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 59. –Type :

Bulbophyllum vaginatum (Lindl.) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861) 261. 

Throughout SE Asia. 

LUZON, PALAWAN. 

Cirrhopetalum weberi (Ames) Senghas, Schlechter Orchideen 1(13) (1983) 775; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 56; --Bulbophyllum weberi Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 128, 142; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 389. 

–Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, Laguna, MINDANAO: 

Bukidnon, Davao, Agusan. Epiphytic on tree trunks, altitude to c. 1500m. 

Cirrhopetalum zamboangense (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 4(6) (1994) 621; -- 

Bulbophyllum zamboangense Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 433; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 390. 

Philippines 


Cirrhopetalum sp. 

BABUYAN ISLS (CALAYAN). 

Cirrhopetalum sp. 


Cirrhopetalum sp. aff. makoyanum 

PALAWAN. (yellow sepals, red petals, marginal hairs red and fat) 

Cleisostoma Blume 

Cleisostoma chrysochilum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8 (1910) 545. 

Extra-Philippine range 

Cleisostoma duplicilobum (JJ Sm.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 171; --Garayanthus 

duplicilobus (JJ Sm.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 136 ; --Sarcanthus duplicilobus JJ 

Sm., Bull. Dép. Agric. Indes Néerl. 13 (1907) 64. –Type : 


Cleisostoma sagittatum Blume, Bijdr.(1825) 363. 

Sarcanthus malleifer JJ Sm. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. 72 (1912) 90 (reprint 19); --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437. 


Cleisostoma striolatum (Reichb.f.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 175; --Sarcanthus 

striolatus Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 18 (1882) 168; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Cleisostoma subulatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 363; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 55; --Sarcanthus 

subulatus (Blume) Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 41. –Type: 

Cleisostoma dealbatum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (Misc.) (1843) 5; --Sarcanthus dealbatus (Lindl.) Reichb.f., 

in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1864) 892; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436. –Type: 

India, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. 

MINDORO, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Davao. Epiphytic in partially shaded to fully exposed sites, 

up to 300m. 

Cleisostoma uraiense (Hayata) Garay & Sweet, Orchids S. Ryukyu Is. (1974) 156. 

Sarcanthus micranthus Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 250; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437. 


Cleisostoma weberi (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. xx (1972) xxx; --Sarcanthus weberi 

Ames, xxxxx --Type: Weber 252 (AMES*). Mindanao: Davao, epiphytic on mangrove trees in tidal swamp, 7 Sept. 

1911. 

LUZON: Bataan, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao. Epiphytic, altitude to 300m. 

Cleisostoma williamsonii (Reichb.f.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 175; --Cleisostoma 

weberi (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 175; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 57; -- 

Sarcanthus weberi Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 252; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437. –Type: 

LUZON: Bataan, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Davao. Epiphytic, up to 300m. 

Coelandria Fitzgerald 

Coelandria armeniaca MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16 (2009)1, 23. 

Philippines. 

● Coelandria armeniaca M.A.Clem. & Cootes -- Orchideen J. 16(1): 22 (-23; fig.). 2009 [16 Feb 2009] 

Coelandria [Dendrobium bullenianum Reichb.f., Bot. Zeit. 20 (1862) 214]; PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 14; --Ames 

in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 70. –Type: 

Dendrobium topaziacum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 140; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Coelandria [Dendrobium goldschmidtianum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 6 (1909) 317]. 

–Type: 

Pedilonum goldschmidtianum (Kraenzl.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 460; 

Dendrobium miyakei Schltr., Orch. Sino-Jap. (1919) 64; --Hatusima, Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima Univ. 5 (1966) 63. 

Dendrobium irayense Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 446. –Type: 

Taiwan (Kwasyoto and Lanyu), N Philippines. 

BATAN (Mt Iraya). Epiphyte in the mossy forest, 500m. Locally frequent. Hatusima 

29091.(Distributed as D. miyakei) 

Natural hybrid: 

Dendrobium × usitae T Yukawa, Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 14 (1995) 43. 

D. bullenianum × D. goldschmidtianum. 

Philippines. 

Coelogyne Lindley 

Revisions: 

Sierra, SEC, B. Gravendeel & EF de Vogel. 2000. Revision of Coelogyne section Verrucosae 

(Orchidaceae): A new sectional delimitation based on morpholotypegical and molecular 

evidence. Blumea 45: 275-318. 

Coelogyne alvinlokii O’Byrne & Verm., Orchid Review 114(126) (2006) 168-170. –Type: SBGO 5504 

(SING, holo). Mindanao: No locality cited. 

MINDANAO. 

Coelogyne alvinlokii P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm. -- Orchid Rev. 114(1269): 170 (168-170; figs.). 2006 [May 2006] 

Coelogyne asperata Lindl., J. Hort. Soc. London 4 (1849) 221, t. 7; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280; 

--Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. (1951) 9; --S.E.C. Sierra et al., Blumea 45 (2000) 289, f. 5, pl. 1a, map 1; 

--Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 58. 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak, Kalimantan), Java, Sulawesi, 

Philippines, Moluccas, New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea), Solomon Isls., Santa 

Cruz Isls. LUZON, NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns), BILIRAN, LEYTE, SAMAR,

MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, 

Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, BASILAN. Epiphytic on trunks and big branches of trees, 

lithophytic or terrestrial. Lowland and montane forests, in partial shade to quite exposed, often 

along creeks, near sea level to 500m. 

Coelogyne bilamellata Lindl., Fol. Orch. Coelog. (1854) 14; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281; --Cootes, 


Borneo and Philippines: LUZON (Aurora, Laguna, Quezon), LEYTE, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, 

Cotabato, Bukidnon, Agusan, Surigao). Epiphytic or lithophytic in forest, up to 1000m in 

Mindanao. 

Coelogyne candoonensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 18, Fig. 4; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281. 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mt Candoon). In forest, 1830m. 

Coelogyne chloroptera Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., (1883)(1) 466; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281; -- 

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 59. 

LUZON: Apayao, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Benguet, Cagayan, Kalinga, Nueva Vizcaya, 

Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Bataan, Quezon; NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos 

Mtns, but according to Cootes may a misidentified C confusa Ames). Epiphytic or epilithic, 

1000-1530m. Fairly common in LUZON. 

Coelogyne confusa Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 49; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281. –Type: BS 14430 

Ramos. Camiguin. 

CAMIGUIN. Epiphytic. Known only from the type collection. 

Coelogyne elmeri Ames, in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1556; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281. 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mt Lipa), Davao (Mt Apo, Todaya). Up to 1300m. 

Coelogyne integerrima Ames, PJS 4 c (1909, publ. 1910) Bot. 665; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 281. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Quezon, 1750-2450m. 

Coelogyne loheri Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1908) 414; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, altitude up to 1700m 

Coelogyne longirachis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 88; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282. 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mahilucot River), along streams in forest, 1300m. 

Coelogyne marmorata Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 116; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; --Cootes, 


LUZON: Benguet (Sablan), Pangasinan, CAMIGUIN. Epiphytic, occasionally epilithic, altitudes 

over 1000m. 

Coelogyne mayeriana Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 8 (1877) 134. 

Philippines. 

Coelogyne merrillii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 40; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 60. –Type: Merrill 6620. Luzon: Benguet prov., Pauai, on boulders in the upper pine region, 

altitude c. 1800m, May 1909. 

LUZON: Benguet, Rizal, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental. Usually epilithic, 

altitude (300-)1800-2300m. Common in Benguet. 

Coelogyne palawanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 51; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282. –Type: 

PALAWAN (Mt Capoas), altitude 1000m. Known only from the type collection.

Coelogyne pandurata Lindl., Gard. Chron. 1 (1853) 791; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283; --SEC Sierra 

et al., Blumea 45 (2000) 304, Fig. 9, pl. 1 c, 1 d, map 3. 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak, Kalimantan), and possibly 

Philippines (Valmayor, 1984), based on specimens from LUZON: Mountain Province, SAMAR, 

MINDANAO: Agusan, Surigao. Epiphytic on trunks or big branches of trees, lithophytes or 

terrestrials. Lowland forest and hill forest, in partial shade to quite exposed. Among rocks, on 

granite or ultramafic substrate, sea level to 1000m. 

Coelogyne quinquelamellata Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 280; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 282; -- 


MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte. Epiphyte in lowland forest, altitude 150m. 

Coelogyne remediosae Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 484. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Coelogyne rochussenii de Vriese, Ill. Orch. Ind. Neerl. (1854) t. 2, t. 11, Fig. 6; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 282; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 61. 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Sulawesi and Philippines: LUZON: Pampanga, 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur. Altitude to 500m. Rather rare in the Philippines. 

Coelogyne rubrolanata E George & FC George, xxxx ined. 

● Coelogyne rubrolanata Elis.George & J.-C.George -- Orchid Rev. 116(1280): 82 (81-83; figs.). 2008 

[Mar 2008] 

Philippines. 

Coelogyne salvaneraniana W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines. 

Coelogyne sparsa Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 19 (1883) t. 306; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283. 

LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, PALAWAN, PANAY: Antique, NEGROS: Negros Oriental. Common 

epiphyte at 900-1050m. 

Coelogyne sulcata E George & JC George, OrchideenJournal 15(4) (2008) 172-175; figs. 

● Coelogyne sulcata Elis.George & J.-C.George -- Orchideen J. 15(4): 173 (172-175; figs.). 2008 [Nov 

2008] 

Coelogyne usitana Roeth & O Gruss, Orchidee (Hamburg) 52 (2001) 211. 

Philippines. 

Coelogyne vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 53; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Bauco, Vanoverbergh 2865). Altitude 1700m. 

Coelogyne zahlbrucknerae Kranzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17 (1921) 389. 


Coelogyne sp. aff. hirtella 

PALAWAN 

Coelogyne sp. aff. radicosa 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon 

Coelogyne sp. section Lentiginosae 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon.

Only horticultural specimens of this species known: 

Coelogyne swaniana Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1894) 183; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 283. 

Doubtful species: 

Coelogyne minutissima Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17 (1921) 390; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 282. 

“Philippines, probably LUZON, Loher s.n., No specimen seen”. –Ames, loc. cit. 

Possibly a Dendrochilum. 

Collabium Blume 

Collabium formosanum Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30, 1 (1911) 319. 


Conostalix (Kraenzlin) Brieger 

Conostalix lobbii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Rausch., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 94 (1983) 444; -- 

Dendrobium lobbii Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 5 (1853) 491. 


Conostalix nemorale (LO Williams) W Suarez, ined. 

Dendrobium nemorale LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 41; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 82. –Type: 

LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal. Epiphytic. 

Cordiglottis JJ Smith 

Cordiglottis filiformis (Hook.f.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ., 23(4) (1972) 176; --Sarcochilus 

filiformis Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1890) 39. 


Cordula Rafinesque =Paphiopedilum 

Corybas Salisbury =Calcearia; Gastrosiphon 

Corymborchis Thouars ex Blume =Corymborkis 

Corymborkis Thouars 

Corymborkis veratrifolia (Reinw.) Blume, Coll. Orchid. (1859) 125; --Hysteria veratrifolia Reinw., Syll. Pl. 

Nov. 2 (1825) 5. –Type: 

Corymborkis confusa (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 48; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280; --Corymbis 

confusa (Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 395; --Chloidia confusa Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 

67. 

–Type: 


LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Apayao, LEYTE, BANCALAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Agusan, JOLO. 

Terrestrial in forest, 0-830m.

Crepidium Blume 

Crepidium acuminatum (D Don) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 123; --Malaxis 

acuminata D Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 29. 

Crepidium bilobum (Lindl.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124, with incorrect basionym ref.; 

--Malaxis acuminata var. biloba (Lindl.) Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302; --Malaxis biloba (Lindl.) 

Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 122; --Microstylis biloba Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 20. –Type: 

Crepidium alagensis (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 34; --Malaxis alagensis (Ames) Ames, Orc 

alagensis (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 134; --Microstylis alagensis Ames, PJS 2 

c (1907) Bot. 318. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium arietinum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; --Malaxis arietina Ames, 

PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 411; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302. –Type: 

Pseudoliparis arietina (Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 42. 

Philippines. 

Crepidium atrosanguineum (Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 43; --Malaxis 

atrosanguinea Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 30, Fig. 7; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium balabacense (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; --Pseudoliparis 

balabacensis (Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Ann. Bot. Fenn. 37 (2000) 281; --Malaxis balabacensis Ames, PJS 6 

c (1911) Bot. 42; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 302. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium bancanoides (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; --Malaxis 

bancanoides Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 129, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. –Type: 

Crepidium macgregorii (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; --Malaxis macgregorii Ames, PJS 6 c 

(1911) Bot. 45; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. –Type: 

Crepidium mindanaense (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; --Malaxis mindanaensis Ames, in 

Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1560; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. –Type: 


Crepidium bataanense (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 35; --Malaxis bataanensis 


Philippines. 

Crepidium binabayense (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 124; --Malaxis 

binabayensis (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 124, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303; 

--Microstylis binabayensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Crepidium bracteosum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 125; --Malaxis bracteosa 

Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 111; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium carinatum (Reichb.f.) Marg., Edinb. Journ. Bot. 62 (3) (2005) 165-179; --Dienia carinata 

Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 223. 

Crepidium copelandii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 125; --Malaxis copelandii 

Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 124, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. –Type: 

Philippines.

Crepidium cuneipetalum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 125; --Malaxis 

cuneipetala Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 288; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium davaense (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot. Supp. 3 (1995) 126; --Malaxis davaensis 


Crepidium dentatum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 126 ; --Malaxis dentata 

(Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 125, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303; --Microstylis 

dentata Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 319. –Type : 

Malaxis philippinensis (Kraenzl.) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 71; --Microstylis philippinensis Kraenzl., Orchis 2 

(1907) 

16. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Crepidium elmeri (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 126 ; --Malaxis elmeri Ames, 


Philippines. 

Crepidium epidendrum (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 35. 

Crepidium epiphyticum (Schltr.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot. Supp. 3 (1995) 126; --Malaxis epiphytica Ames, 

Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 34; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 304. –Type: 

Crepidium hutchinsonianum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 127; --Malaxis 

hutchinsoniana (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 128, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 304; 

--Microstylis hutchinsoniana Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 319. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium lilacinum (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 37; --Malaxis lilacina Ames, 

Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 35; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. –Type: 

Malaxis longipedunculata Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 411. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium merrillii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 129; --Malaxis merrillii (Ames) 

Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 128; --Microstylis merrillii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 319. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium mindorense (Rendle) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; --Malaxis 

mindorensis (Rendle) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 131; --Microstylis mindorensis Rendle, J. Bot. 34 (1896) 

357. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium negrosianum (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; --Malaxis negrosiana 

Ames, in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1561; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium propinquum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 130; --Malaxis propinqua 


Crepidium propinquum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 130, 1995 (endemic) 

Philippines. 

Crepidium purpureum (Lindl.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131;--Malaxis purpurea 

(Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 673 --Microstylis purpurea Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 20. 

–Type: 

Crepidium rizalense (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 40; -- Malaxis rizalensis Ames, PJS 6 c

(1911) 46. –Type: 

Crepidium purpureiflorum (Ames & Quisumb.) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 39; 

--Malaxis purpureiflora Ames & Quisumb., PJS 59 (1936) 2. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium quadridentatum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131; --Malaxis 

quadridentata (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 130, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305; 

--Microstylis quadridentata Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) 320. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium quadrilobum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131 ; --Malaxis 

quadriloba Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 131, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. –Type: 

Crepidium quadrilobum (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 131, 1995 (endemic) 

Philippines. 

Crepidium ramosii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 131 ; --Pseudoliparis ramosii 

(Ames) Marg. & Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 42; --Malaxis ramosii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 45; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 305. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium taylorii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 132 ; --Malaxis taylori Ames, 

Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 290; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 306. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Crepidium uncatum (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; --Malaxis uncata Ames, 


Philippines. 

Crepidium wenzelii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 133; --Malaxis wenzelii Ames, 


Philippines. 

Crepidium williamsii (Ames) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3 (1995) 133; --Malaxis williamsii 

Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 131, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 306. –Type: 

Philippines. 


Crepidium sp. 

MINDORO 

(yellow flowers) 

Crepidium sp. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya 

(violet flowers) 

Crepidium sp. aff. hoi 

MINDORO (plain green leaves). 

Species of uncertain taxonomic position but which may belong to this genus: 

Malaxis bulusanensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 33; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. –Type: 

Philippines

Cryptostylis R Brown 

Cryptostylis acutata JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 3 (1921) 243. 


Cryptostylis arachnites (Blume) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bogor. (1844) 48; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 261; 

--Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 103, Fig. 15; --Zosterostylis arachnites Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 419. –Type: 

India, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, and Borneo (Sarawak). LUZON: 

Apayao, Rizal, Quezon, Sorsogon, POLILLO, MINDORO, BILIRAN, LEYTE, NEGROS: Negros 

Occidental, CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Davao. A common, variable, and widely distributed 

species in the Philippines. Terrestrial, in forest at 30-1000m altitude. According to Holttum 

(1954), peninsular Malayan plants may represent a distinct species. 

Cryptostylis taiwaniana Masam., Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 23 (1933) 208. 

Cryptostylis arachnites var. taiwaniana (Masam.) SS Ying, Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 3 (1988) 622. 


Cylindrolobus Blume 

Cylindrolobus alboluteus (Rolfe) W Suarez, ined. 

Eria albolutea Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1917) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 364. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Cylindrolobus aliciae (Quisumb.) W Suarez, ined. 

Eria aliciae Quisumb., PJS 66 (1938) 149. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, NEGROS: Negros Occidental. Terrestrial in shaded sites, 300- 

2750m in shaded location. (recheck as no parts of these provinces attain that altitude, except 

the Nueva Vizcaya side of Mt Pulag summit area). 

Philippines. 

Cylindrolobus brachystachyus (Reichb.f.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 445; --Eria 

brachystachya Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 223; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 115; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 365. –Type: 

Eria wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1914) Bot. 428. –Type: 

CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES, LUZON: Kalinga, Tarlac, Rizal, Camarines, Sorsogon, 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Agusan. Epiphytic at sea-level to 

1000m. Fairly common. 

Cylindrolobus cootesii (DP Banks) W Suarez, ined. 

Eria cootesii DP Banks OrchideenJournal 15 (2008) 78-79. 

Eria cootesii D.P.Banks -- Orchideen J. 15(2): 78 (-80; figs.). 2008 [May 2008] 

Philippines. 

Cylindrolobus fastigatifolius (Ames) W Suarez, ined. 

Eria fastigatifolia Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 191, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 367. 

Philippines. 

Cylindrolobus longissimus (Ames & Quisumb.) W Suarez, ined. 

Eria longissima Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 374. –Type: 

Philippines.

Cylindrolobus perspicabile (Ames) W Suarez, ined. 

Eria perspicabilis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 156; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Cymbidium Swartz 

Cymbidium aliciae Quisumb., PJS 72 (1940) 486; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 62. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal, NEGROS: Negros Occidental. Terrestrial in shaded sites, 


Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw., Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6 (1799) 73; --Epidendrum aloifolium L., 

Sp. Pl. (1753) 953. 


Cymbidium atropurpureum (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 11 (1903) 190; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

403; --Cymbidium pendulum var. atropurpureum Lindl., Gard. Chron. (1854) 287; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 62. –Type: 

Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Mountain 

Province, Benguet, Rizal, Laguna, LEYTE, TAWI-TAWI, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao del 

Norte, Davao del Sur (Malita) Surigao del Norte (Lake Mainit), Surigao del Sur. Usually in high 

altitude areas to 2200m, commonly a high-crown epiphyte, sometimes lithophytic, usually in full 

sun. 

Cymbidium bicolor Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 164. 

Philippine occurrence doubtful. 

Cymbidium chloranthum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.) (1843) 68. 

ssp. palawanense Lubag-Arquiza, Orch. Rev. 114 (2006) 1271. 

Philippines. 

Cymbidium chloranthum Lindl. subsp. palawanense Lubag-Arquiza -- Orchid Rev. 114(1271): 264 (-265; 

figs.). 2006 

Cymbidium cyperifolium Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 163. 

subsp. cyperifolium 

subsp. indochinense Du Puy & PJ Cribb, Genus Cymbidium (1988) 176. 

Cymbidium dayanum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1869) 710; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 63. –Type: 

Cymbidium dayanum var. austrojaponicum Tuyama, Iconogr. Pl. Asiae Orient. 4 (1941) 363. 

India, China, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand, Indochina, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo 

(Sabah), Philippines. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya. Commonly terrestrial but also found in 

hollow logs on trees, between 300-1800m. 

Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw., Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6 (1799) 77; --Epidendrum ensifolium L., Sp. Pl. 2 

(1753) 954. 

Cymbidium gonzalesii Quisumb., PJS 72 (1940) 485, pl. 2, Fig. 1&2; pl. 6. 

LUZON: Rizal. Open grasslands, medium altitudes. 

Cymbidium finlaysonianum Lindl. in Wall. Cat. (1832) No. 7358, nomen, Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 164; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 403; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 63. 

Indochina, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines. 

LUZON: Benguet, Bataan, Bulacan, Rizal, Quezon, Albay, POLILLO, BOHOL, DINAGAT,

TAWI-TAWI, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao. Sea-level to 300m, usually epiphytic, 

sometimes lithophytic, usually in very well-lit sites. 

Cymbidium lancifolium Hook.f., Exot. Fl. 1 (1823) t 51. 


Cymbidium pubescens Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.) (1840) 75; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

64. 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi. 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur. Usually an epiphyte at low altitudes to 300m. 

Cypripedium auct. mal. =Paphiopedilum 

Cyrtosia Blume 

Cyrtosia javanica Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 396. 

Galeola javanica (Blume) Benth. & Hook., Gen. Pl. 3 (1883) 590. 

Taiwan, Philippines, Java. LUZON: Cagayan. 

Cystopus Blume =Pristiglottis 

Cystorchis Blume 

Cystorchis aphylla Ridl., J. Linn. Soc. 32 (1896) 400; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. 

Peninsular Malaysia and Java. 

LUZON: Benguet, Pampanga, Bataan. Terrestrial, in forest. 

Cystorchis javanica (Blume) Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 73 (Orch. Arch. Ind. (1859) 87, t. 24, Fig. 1, 1-16; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 274; --Hetaeria javanica Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 410. –Type: 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, S Philippines, New Guinea (Irian Jaya). 

MINDANAO: Davao (Tagum-Compostela trail, in dense forest at 45m altitude). 

Cystorchis luzonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 33; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (192) 274; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 64. 

LUZON: Laguna (Mt Makiling), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Terrestrial in forest, in 

shaded and damp sites, altitude 800-1600m. 

Dendrobium Swartz 

Dendrobium aclinia Reichb.f., Bonplandia 4 (1856) 329; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 342. –Type: 

LUZON: Isabela, Zambales, Rizal. Epiphytic. Up to 300m altitude in Rizal. 

Dendrobium anosmum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 31 (1845) Misc. 32; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 66; -- 

Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343. –Type: 

forma anosmum 

Thailand, across Malesia to New Guinea.

forma dearei (Rolfe) W Suarez, ined. 

Dendrobium anosmum var. dearei (Rolfe) Quisumb. & Merr., PJS 56 (1935) 435. 

forma giganteum (Reichb.f.) W Suarez, ined. 

Dendrobium superbum var. giganteum Reichb.f. in , . 

forma huttonii (Reichb.f.) W Suarez, ined. 

Dendrobium anosmum var. huttonii (Reichb.f.) Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 454; --Dendrobium superbum var. 

huttonii Reichb.f. in , . 

–Type: 

Dendrobium auriculatum Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 488; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 67; – 

Type: 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium bicaudatum Reinw. ex Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 20; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 68; –Type: 

Ceratobium bicaudatum (Reinw. ex Lindl.) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 486; 


Dendrobium bunuanense Ames, Schedul. Orchid. 9 (1925) 53; --Dendrobium appendiculoides Ames, 

Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 93, non JJ Sm. (1913); --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 345. –Type: BS 38940 

Ramos & Edaño 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mt Candoon). Epiphytic in forest, altitude 1650m. 

Dendrobium busuangense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 296; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346. –Type: 

Taylon sn. 

Durabaculum busuangense (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 487. 

BUSUANGA 

Dendrobium ceraula Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1876) 40; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 70. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium cerinum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 12(2) (1879) 554; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 71; 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium chameleon Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 174, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; -- 


ssp. chameleon forma alba Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 372. 

Philippines. 

ssp. ovatilabium (Ames & Quisumb.) W Suarez, ined. 

Dendrobium chameleon var. ovatilabium Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 372; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 72. 

LUZON: Benguet, Pampanga. Epiphytic in fairly shaded sites, altitude over 1000m. 

Dendrobium compressum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28(Misc.) (1842) 63. 

Dendrobium crassimarginatum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 42. 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. in Schrad. J. Bot. 2 (1799) 237; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346; -- 

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 73.

India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Isls, Burma, Thailand, Indochina, S China, Taiwan (Lanyu & 

Kwasyoto Isls), Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Isls (Sumba, Timor), Borneo, Philippines, 

Sulawesi, Moluccas (Ambon). Common and widely distributed throughout the Philippines, 

lowlands up to 500m. 

Dendrobium cucullatum R Br., Bot. Reg. (1821) t. 548. 

Extra-Philippines range. 

Dendrobium davaoense Arquiza, Australian Orchid Review (Feb. 2006). 

● Dendrobium davaoense Lubag-Arquiza -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 71(1): 22 (-24; figs.). 2006 [Feb 2006] 

Dendrobium dearei Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. 18(2) (1882) 361; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348; --Cootes, 


Philippines. 

Dendrobium diffusum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 44. 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium epidendropsis Kraenzl., Orchis 2 (1908) 79, Fig. 12; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348. 

= 

Dendrobium fairchildiae Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 202. 

forma fairchildiae 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, CATANDUANES. Epiphytic or lithophytic in 

shaded sites, altitude up to 1200m 

forma album Cootes, Austral. Orchid Rev. 66(3) (2001) 21. 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium gonzalesii Quisumb., PJS 66 (1938) 143. –Type: 

Near D victoriae-reginae 

Dendrobium guerreroi Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 489. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium hercoglossum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1886)(2) 487; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 349. 

–Type: 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium ionopus Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. 2 (1882) 808; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 79; –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Rizal. Epiphytic, altitude c. 1200m. 

Dendrobium milaniae Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 47 (1996) A131. –Type: 

LEYTE. Epiphytic, altitude c. 600m. 

Dendrobium miyasakii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 44 (1931) 373. 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium obrienianum Kraenzl., Gard. Chron. iii, 11 (1892)(1) 266; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352. 

Philippines.

Dendrobium papilio Loher, Gard. Chron. iii, 21(1) (1897) 416; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352; --Cootes, 

Orch. Philip. (2001) 83; –Type: 

Aporum papilio (Loher) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 441. 

Dendrobium vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 425. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Albay, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur, Surigao del Sur. Lithophytic or epiphytic, altitude over 1200m. 

Dendrobium parthenium Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., ser. 2, 24 (1885) 489. 

Borneo, SW Philippines. PALAWAN. 

Dendrobium pentapterum Schltr., Nacht. Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Südsee (1905) 161; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 83. 

S Philippines, NE New Guinea. 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). On mossy branches, altitude 500-2080m. 

Dendrobium phillipsii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 457; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 84; –Type: 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Epiphytic, altitude c. 800m. 

Dendrobium platycaulon Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1892) 139; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 85. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Laguna, BOHOL, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Surigao. 

Epiphytic in shaded sites, altitude c. 500m. 

Dendrobium pristinum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 133; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353; --Cootes, 


LUZON: Rizal. Epiphytic, altitude c. 1000m. 

Dendrobium profusum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 21 (1884) 510; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; -- 


LUZON: Quezon, Camarines, Albay. Epiphytic in well-lit sites, altitude 100-500m. 

Dendrobium pterocarpum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354. 

Dendrobium ramosii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 18; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 87; –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Quezon. Terrestrial, altitude over 1200m. 

Dendrobium ravanii Cootes, OrchideenJournal 15 (2008) 2 pages 70 – 73. 

● Dendrobium ravanii Cootes -- Orchideen J. 15(2): 70 (-72; figs.). 2008 [May 2008] 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium rhombeum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 17. 

Dendrobium heterocarpum Wall., Cat. (1828) No. 20, nomen, ex Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 78; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 349; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 78. 

Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, 

Philippines, Sulawesi. 

LUZON: Ilocos, Mountain Province, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Rizal, 

Albay, Sorsogon, MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Epiphytic, altitude 

over 1000m. 

Dendrobium sanderae Rolfe, Gard. Chron. iii, 45 (1909) 374; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354; --Cootes, 


BABUYAN ISLS (CALAYAN), LUZON: Mountain Province, Ifugao, Benguet, Cagayan, Nueva

Vizcaya, Rizal, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur. Epiphytic, from c. 

300m to over 1000m. 

var. luzonicum Tiu, Philip. Orch. Rev. (1997) xxx. 

CALAYAN, LUZON: Cagayan, epiphytic, altitude to 300m. 

var. major auct., Orchid J. 3 (1954) 113. 

Philippines. 

var. milleri Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 6 (1958) 11. 

Philippines. 

var. parviflorum Anschutz ex Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 2 (1949) 3. 

Dendrobium schuetzei Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 19 (1911) 224; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354. 

MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur. Epiphytic, up to 300m altitude. 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium serratilabium LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 45; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 90; – 

Type: 

LUZON: Aurora, Quezon, Rizal, Laguna. Epiphytic in deep shade, altitude 500-1200m. 

Dendrobium spurium (Blume) JJ Sm. Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 343, Fig.-Atlas (1910) Fig. 260; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 355; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 91. –Type: 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Java, Borneo, Philippines, New Guinea. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Cagayan, Bataan, Laguna, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. 

Epiphytic on tree trunks in well-lit sites, lowlands. 

Dendrobium stricticalcarum W Suarez & Cootes, Aust. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 4, 23. 

● Dendrobium stricticalcarum W.Suarez & Cootes -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(4): 23 (figs.). 2008 [Aug 

2008] 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium stuposum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) misc. 94. 

Widely distributed throughout SE Asia. LUZON (E coast). 

Dendrobium surigaense (Quisumb.) HP Wood, The Dendrobiums (2006) 704; --Dendrobium sanderae 

var. surigaense Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 4 (1951) 2. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium taurinum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) t. 28; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 356; --Cootes, 


Durabaculum taurinum (Lindl.) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 489. 

LUZON: Zambales, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, PALAWAN, PANAY, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, 

Davao del Sur, DINAGAT. Epiphytic, up to 300m altitude. 

Dendrobium velutinelabrum MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009)19-23. 

Philippines. 

Dendrobium victoriae-reginae Loher, Gard. Chron. iii, 21 (1897)(1) 399; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

358. –Type: 

Pedilonum victoriae-reginae (Loher) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 465.

Dendrobium coeleste Loher, Gard. Chron. 1897 (2) (1897) 1. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Quezon, MINDORO: Mindoro 

Oriental, NEGROS, CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Epiphytic in mossy cloud forests. 

forma album Valmayor & Tiu, Phil. Orch. Rev. 3 (1983) 16. 

Dendrobium yeageri Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 447; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 94. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet. Epiphytic above 1000m. 

Dendrobium zamboangense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 145; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 358. 

Philippines. 


Dendrobium section Formosae 

LUZON: Zambales 

Dendrobium sp. aff. stricticalcarum 

LEYTE. 

Dendobium aff. kiauense ---- Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 211. 

Dendrobium sp. (section Rhopalanthe), Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 212. 

Not in Cootes’ (2001) Checklist: 

Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) Fischer 

Dendrobium blumei Lindl., --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 69; 

Thailand, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines. 

SAMAR, BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Lanao, Bukidnon, Agusan del Norte, Surigao. 

Epiphytic. Sometimes in swamps, altitude to 1000m. 

Dendrobium compactum Rolfe, 

Dendrobium conanthum Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov.; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 73. 

Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Isls, Bismarck Archipelago, Admiralty Isls, Vanuatu. 

CALAMIANES ISLS, PALAWAN. Epiphytic, altitude to 300m. 

Dendrobium pentapetalum Schltr. 

Dendrobium tetrachromum Reichb.f., 

Status 

Dendrobium bifidum Ames 

Dendrochilum Blume 

Revision: 

Pedersen, H AE. 1997. The genus Dendrochilum (Orchidaceae) in the Philippines-a taxonomic revision. 

Opera Botanica 131: 1-205. 

Dendrochilum abortum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 310; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 17; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 72, Fig. 34; --Acoridium abortum Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 

68. –Type: Loher 14694 (AMES*, holo; iso: L*, P). Luzon: Rizal prov., no further locality data, Sept 1909. 

LUZON: Rizal. Habitat and altitudinal range not known. Fl. Sept. Known only from the type 

collection.

Dendrochilum affine Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 13, 95; --Acoridium affine (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 

(1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; --HAe 

Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 106, Fig. 56. –Type: 

Dendrochilum amesianum HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 381; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera 

Bot. 

130 (1997) 43; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 166, Fig. 95. –Type: University of San Carlos 784 (L*, 

holo). 

Mindanao: Surigao del Sur prov., Aras-asan, logging area between 25-250m, 5 Dec 1975. 

MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. Known only from the type collection. Fl. May. 

Dendrochilum anfractum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 118, Fig. 38P; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 59; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 41, Fig. 14A-F, H-J; -- 

Pseudacoridium anfractum (Ames) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114; --Acoridium anfractum 

Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 148; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284. –Type: Merrill 4482 

(PNH, 

holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*). Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, altitude 2150m, 20 Oct 1905. 

var. anfractum 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data), Ifugao (Mt Polis), Benguet (Mt Boadan; Mt Simakoko). 

Mossy forest, altitude 1880-2150, epiphytic. Fl. Aug-Oct. 

var. anfractoides (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 330; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 

59-60; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 41, Fig. 14G; --Pseudacoridium anfractoides (Ames) Szlach. & 

Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114; --Acoridium anfractoides (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284; --Dendrochilum anfractoides Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 13, t. 28. 

–Type: FB 4311 Mearns (PNH, holo, destroyed). Luzon: Benguet prov., no further locality data. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (between Bontoc & Mt Polis), Ifugao (Mt Polis), Benguet (Mt Pulag; 

Mt Natoo; Mt Simakoko; Pauai). Mossy forests, altitude 1220-2165 (-2450)m, epiphytic. Fl. 

Jun-Oct, Dec. 

Dendrochilum apiculatum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 331; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 60; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 42, Fig. 15; --Pseudacoridium apiculatum (Ames) Szlach. & 

Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114; --Acoridium apiculatum Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 70. –Type: Loher 

sn (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Rizal prov., Guiniuisan, Jan 1913 (15 Nov 1912 according to Loher’s handwritten 

field notes attached to the type sheet). 

LUZON: Rizal (Guiniuisan). No further locality and habitat notes. 

Dendrochilum apoense T Hashim., J. Jap. Bot. 56 (1981) 335; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 

33; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 125, Fig. 69. –Type: Hashimoto sn (TNS, holo). Mindanao: Davao, Mt 

Apo, near the Forestry Development (presumably Bureau of Forest Development) office. 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). Said to be collected from mossy rain forest, altitude not 

indicated. Only known from the type collection. Fl. Jun. 

Dendrochilum arachnites Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 17 (1882)(1) 256; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292; 

--Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 96; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 43; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 

131 (1997) 149, Fig. 83B, 86, Pl. IVC-D; –Type: Low sn (W, Herb. Reichb.f. 49028 pro parte; holo). 

Philippines, no further locality data. 

Acoridium arachnites (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. (1904) 219. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Baguio-Bontoc Road), Ifugao (Mt Batwag; Mt Polis), Benguet 

(Apunan; Mt Nangaoto; Mt Natoo; Mt Pangualitikai; Mt Pulag; Pauai; Baguio; Mt Sto Tomas), 

Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga (Mt Arayat), Rizal (Montalban; Mt Susong Dalaga; San Isidro near 

Bosoboso; unspecified locality for Loher 14643b), Quezon (Mt Banahaw), MINDORO: Mindoro 

Oriental (Mt Halcon), LEYTE: Leyte (Masaganap & Buenavista near Jaro), MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga, Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang), Bukidnon (Mt Lipa; vicinity of Tanculan), 

Agusan del Norte (Mt Hilong-hilong), Davao del Sur (Mt Apo), Davao Oriental (Mt Kampalili).

Epiphytic, mostly in mossy cloud forest, altitude 500-2600m. Fl. Jan-Jul, Sept-Dec. 

Dendochilum asperum LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 309; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 17; 

--HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 65, Fig. 29; --Acoridium exasperatum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 21, 

Fig. 6, pro parte; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285. –Type: BS 42338 Ramos (AMES*, holo; iso: P). 

Luzon: Rizal prov., Mt Lumutan, altitude 1200m, Apr 1923. 

LUZON: Aurora (Mt Camatis), Rizal (Mt Lumutan), Laguna (Mt San Cristobal). Mossy forests, 

altitude c. 1200m. Fl. Apr & May. 

Dendrochilum auriculare Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 595; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 33; 

--HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 121, Fig. 66; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 96; --Acoridium auriculare 

(Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284. –Type: BS 5818 Ramos & 

Edaño (AMES, holo*). Luzon: Benguet prov., no further locality data, Dec 1908. 

LUZON: Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage), Benguet (Mt Pulag; Mt Simakoko; Mt Ugo), 

Nueva Vizcaya (unspecified locality for BS 20104 McGregor), Aurora (Mt Camatis), Rizal 

(Montalban; unspecified locality for Loher 14733A & 14737). Epiphytic in the mossy forests, 

altitude (1700-)2000-2300(-2500)m. Fl. Sept, Oct, Dec-Feb. 

Dendrochilum binuangense Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 281; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 17; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 69, Fig. 32. –Type: BS 28620 Ramos & Edaño (AMES*, holo; 

iso: BM, K, NY*, P, SING*, US*, W). Luzon: Quezon prov., Mt Binuang, epiphytic, altitude 500m, 27 May 

1917. 

Acoridium binuangense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284. 

LUZON: Quezon (Mt Binuang). Known only from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum cinnabarinum Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 104, Fig. 35F; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 94, Fig. 49A-F, H-J. –Type: 

Loher 461 (K, holo; iso P, US*). Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data. 

Acoridium cinnabarinum (Pfitzer) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285. 

var. cinnabarinum 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data), Benguet (Mt Simakoko). Epiphytic in mossy forest, 

altitude c. 1980m. Fl. Oct. 

var. sanguineum (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 95, 

Fig. 49G; --Dendrochilum sanguineum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 323; --Acoridium sanguineum 

Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 72. –Type: Boettcher sn (AMES*, holo; iso: BM, K, L*, NY*, P, SING*, US*, 

W). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Pulag, Jun 1918. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data), Benguet (Mt Tabayoc; Mt Pulag). Epiphytic in the mossy 

forest, also bordering open grassland, altitude 2300-2930m. Fl. Jan-Mar, May-Jul. 

Dendrochilum cobbianum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 14 (1882)(2) 748; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

292; 

--HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 44; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 169, Fig. 97; Pl. VIA-B; 

--Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 96. –Type: Boxall/cult. Cobb sn (W-Herb. Reichb.f. 29679, cited by Pedersen, 

1997). Philippines, no further locality data. 

Acoridium cobbianum (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. (1904) 220. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data; Bauko; Baguio-Bontoc Road), Benguet (Kabayan; Pauai; 

Baguio), Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, CATANDUANES, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte 

(Mt Hilong-hilong). Many unlocalized specimens cited by Pedersen. Exposed sites, altitude 

1400-2500m, lithophytic (sometimes possibly terrestrial). Fl. Apr-Jun, Jul, Aug-Dec. One of the 

most commonly cultivated species of the genus. 

Dendrochilum coccineum HAe Pedersen & Gravend., Blumea 49 (2004) 356-8. –Type: 

Philippines.

Dendrochilum convallariaeforme Schauer, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1 (1843) 429; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 293; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 33-34; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 

130, Fig. 65D, 73A-F, H-J, Pl. IVB; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 97; –Type: Meyen sn (probable holotype in 

W, seen by Pedersen; iso in Herb. Lindl. At K; drawing and note in Herb. Reichb.f. 49007, pro parte at W). 

Philippines, no further locality data, collected 1831. 

Dendrochilum bicallosum Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nomen, Orch. 2 (1908) 117, text cut; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 292. –Type: Merrill 5812 (AMES*, holo; iso: K, US*). Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt 

Halcon, epiphyte on ridge forest, altitude 2500ft [=762m], 22 Nov 1906. 

Dendrochilum bistortum (Wendl. & Kraenzl.) JJ Sm., Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 1 (1904) 64; --Acoridium bistortum 

(Wendl. & Kraenzl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220; --Platyclinis bistorta Wendl. & Kraenzl. In Reichb.f. & 

Kraenzl., Xenia Orchid. 3 (1900) 169, pl. 299 (I, 1-5). –Type: Sander sn (HBG, holo; iso: K). Masbate 

(‘Maschate’ in original publ.) no further locality data. 

var. convallariaeforme 

LUZON: Aurora, Rizal (Montalban), Laguna (Mt Makiling; San Antonio; Sierra Madre Mtns 

(probably in the vicinity of Siniloan, Famy and Real), Quezon (Lucban), Camarines Sur (Mt Iriga; 

Mt Madooy; Mt Potianay), Sorsogon (Mt Bulusan, all specimens in this locality with uncertain 

species identifications), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), MASBATE (unspecified 

locality), MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mt Kitanglad, identification uncertain for PNH 10168 Sulit), 

Davao del Sur (Mt Apo, Miran River). Epiphytic in (sometimes mossy) forest, altitude 300- 

1915m. Fl. Oct-Dec. 

var. minor (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 34; --ibid. 131 (1997) 132, Fig. 73G; -- 

Dendrochilum bicallosum Ames var. minor Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) 317, nom. nud., Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 

118. 

–Type: Merrill 5663 (PNH, holo, destroyed). Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt Halcon. 

Acoridium confusum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285; --Dendrochilum 

confusum Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) 41. –Type: BS 5640 Curran (AMES*, holo; iso: K). Luzon: Laguna prov., Mt 

Makiling, Nov 1909. 

LUZON: Laguna (Mt Makiling), Sorsogon (Mt Bulusan), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt 

Halcon), LEYTE: Leyte (Masaganap near Jaro). Epiphytic in forests, altitude 700-830m. Fl. Feb, 

Nov. 

Dendochilum cootesii HAe Pedersen, Lindleyana 12(4) (1997) 205; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 98. 

–Type: 

Pseudacoridium cootesii (HAe Pedersen) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46 (2001) 114. 

LUZON: Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Cloud forest edges on mossy tree trunks and 

branches, altitude 1200-2000m. 

Dendrochilum copelandii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 115, t. 24, Fig. I, 1; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 

1 (1924) 293; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 34; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 129, Fig. 

72; --Acoridium copelandii Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 153. –Type: Copeland sn (PNH, holo, 

destroyed; iso: AMES*). Mindanao: Zamboanga, no further locality data, 1905. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga (unspecified locality for the type collection from which this species is 

only known). Habitat preferences, altitude and flowering season unknown. 

Dendrochilum cordatum HAe Pedersen, Lindleyana 16 (2001) 231. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Dendrochilum croceum HAe Pedersen, Orchid Review, 113 (2005) 286. 

● Dendrochilum croceum H.A.Pedersen -- Orchid Rev. 113(1265): 286 (-287; fig.). 2005 


Dendrochilum curranii Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 15, t. 29; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 

22; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 98, Fig. 51A-F, H-J; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 98. –Type: BS 

3077 Curran (AMES*, lecto, designated by LO Williams in PJS 80 (1951) 308; iso: AMES*, K). Luzon: 

Laguna prov., Mt Makiling, Jan 1908.

Acoridium curranii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285. 

var. curranii 

LUZON: Rizal (Montalban), Laguna (Mt Makiling), Laguna-Quezon (Mt Banahaw). Epiphytic in 

Lithocarpus-Dacrycarpus montane mossy forests on Mt Banahaw summit. Altitude (600-)950- 

2000m. Fl. May, Dec-Feb. 

var. serratoi (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 308; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; -- 

HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 100, Fig. 51G-J; --Acoridium serratoi Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 27, 

Fig. 

6; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289. –Type: JS Serrato sn (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, NY*). Luzon: 

Laguna prov., no further locality data, Sept 1912. 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Sto Tomas), Rizal (Mt Paningtingan; Mt Irid), Laguna (Mt Makiling; San 

Antonio), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (San Teodoro, upstream Subaan River; Mt Halcon), 

Materials with uncertain determinations from LUZON: Albay (Mayon Volcano, BS 6467 

Robinson), MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (Mt Kampalili, PNH 12740 Edaño), Surigao del Norte 

(Mt Kabatuan, PNH 10863 Mendoza & Convocar). Epiphytic in (usually mossy) forests, altitude 

500-1830(-2195)m. Fl. Jun/Jul, Sept-Nov. 

Dendrochilum cymbiforme Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 41; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 45; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 177, Fig. 102; Pl. VIIB-C; -- 

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 99. –Type: BS 7133 Ramos (AMES, lecto, designated by Pedersen et al. 1997: 

45; iso: K, US). Luzon: Abra prov., Mt Bawagan. 

LUZON: Abra (Mt Bawagan), Apayao, Kalinga (Mt Pastan), Ifugao (Bayninan, near Banawe; 

Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage; Sumigar, near Mt Polis). Mossy forests, altitude 1665-2010m, pendant 

epiphyte from the lower branches and overhanging trunks. Fl. Jan and/or Feb, Mar, Apr. 

Dendrochilum ecallosum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 282; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 35; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 134, Fig. 75. –Type: BS 30240 

Ramos (AMES*, holo; iso: K). Catanduanes: Catanduanes prov., Mt Mariguidon, epi[phytic in forest, altitude 

140m, 14 Nov-11 Dec 1917. 

CATANDUANES (Mt Mariguidon). Forest epiphyte at altitude 140m at the type locality, Fl. Nov/ 

Dec. An unlocalized specimen, BS 78885 Quisumbing, recorded in flower in Jan. 

Dendrochilum edanoi Quisumb., PJS 66 (1938) 141; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 46; 

--HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 153, Fig. 89. –Type: BS 77914 Edaño (A*, holo ; iso K). Palawan: Mt 

Gantung summit, altitude 5500ft [=1676m], 8 May 1929. 

PALAWAN: Known only from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum elmeri Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1558; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; -- 

HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 138, Fig. 78B, 79. –Type: Elmer 10635 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, NY*). 

Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, Todaya, ‘…clumps upon moss-covered limbs of woods…,’ altitude 

2300m, May 1909. 

Acoridium elmeri Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80 Orch. 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285. 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo; Mt McKinley). Epiphytic in the mosy forest, altitude 2300- 

2465m. Fl. May-Sept. 

Dendrochilum exiguum (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 60; ibid. 131 (1997) 38, Fig. 13; 

--Pseudacoridium exiguum Ames, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 9 (1940) 45. –Type: PNH 5174 Alcasid & Edaño 

(PNH, holo, destroyed; iso AMES*). Luzon: Aurora prov., summit of Mt Camatis, altitude c. 1750m, May 

1939. 

LUZON: Aurora (Mt Camatis; Mt Mingan, Co xxxx, ). Epiphytic in mossy forests, altitude 1500- 

1750m. 

Dendrochilum exile Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nomen; Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 84, text cut; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 108, Fig. 58. –Type: Merrill 

5721 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K, SING*, US*). Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt Halcon,

altitude 2075m, 15 Nov 1906. 

Acoridium exile (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285. 

LUZON: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Epiphytic, altitude 2075m. Fl. Nov. Apparently only 

known from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum eximium (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 327; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 23; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 100, Fig. 52. –Type: Loher 13221 (AMES*, holo; iso: PNH, 

destroyed). Luzon: Rizal prov., Montalban, Mt Paningtingan. 

LUZON: Rizal. Thus far known only from a few collections made by Loher at the general vicinity 

of the type locality. Habitat preferences and altitudinal range not known. Fl. Sept. 

Dendrochilum filiforme Lindl., Bot. Reg. 26 (1840) Misc. 52; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 46; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 170, Fig. 98; Pl. VIC-D; -- 

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 99. –Type: Cuming/cult. Bateman sn (K-Herb. Lindley, holo). Luzon: No further 

locality data. 

Dendrochilum filiforme var. ramosii (Ames) LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 49; --Dendrochilum ramosii Ames, 

PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 410; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295. –Type: BS 15003 Ramos (AMES*, holo; iso: 

K). Luzon: Laguna prov., San Antonio, Jun 1912. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Lepanto Road), Benguet, Cagayan (Mt Babatngin), Rizal 

(Montalban, Paningtingan; Mt Irid), Laguna (Mt Banahaw; Pangil; San Antonio), Quezon, 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (sitio Malangko near Sibulan). Numerous unlocalized specimens 

cited by Pedersen, 1997. Epiphytic in forests, altitude 665-2250m. Fl. Feb-Jul, Sept; Aug & Nov 

as well in cultivated plants. One of the most commonly cultivated Dendrochilum species. 

Dendrochilum flexuosum HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1995) 383; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 47; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 172, Fig. 99. –Type: PNH 10874 Mendoza & Convocar (PNH, holo). 

Mindanao: Surigao del Norte prov., Mt Kabatuan, altitude 968m, epiphytic on a forested peak. 

SAMAR: Western Samar (Concord Mtns, identification uncertain), MINDANAO: Surigao del 

Norte (Mt Kabatuan). Defintely known only from the type collection. The Samar material was 

collected from in primary limestone forest. 

Dendrochilum foxworthyi Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 8, t. 26; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 18; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 48, Fig. 19. –Type: BS 2542 Foxworthy (AMES*, lecto, 

designated by LO Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 313; iso: K, SING*, US*). Luzon: Pampanga prov., Mt Pinatubo, 

altitude 1800m, ‘…the most prominent thing on top of the mtn. It covers the mossy tree trunks very 

densely…” , Apr 1907. 

Acoridium foxworthyi (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285. 

LUZON: Ifugao (Mt Polis), Aurora (Mt Camatis), Pampanga (Mt Pinatubo), Prov. unknown (‘near 

Manbuybuy’ for Taylor 130). Mossy forests, altitude 1800-2402m. 

Dendrochilum glumaceum Lindl., Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) Misc. 23; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 293; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 150, Fig. 87, Pl. VA; --Cootes, 

Orch. Philip. (2001) 100. –Type: Cuming [cult. Loddiges sn (K-Herb. Lindl., holo). Philippines, no further 

locality data. 

Acoridium glumaceum (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220. 

Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte (route from Mt Bubonbilit to miner’s camp; route from miner’s camp to Mt 

Burnay), Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Polis), Mountain Province (Mt Data; Bauko; unspecified locality 

for Vanoverbergh 872), Benguet (Mt Pulogloco; Mt Simakoko; Mt Sinapsapan), Cagayan (Mt 

Cagua), Isabela (unspecified locality for Lyon 149), Nueva Vizcaya (unspecified locality for BS 

20065 McGregor), Aurora, Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Lamao Forest Reserve, Lamao River; Limay), 

Pampanga (Mt Arayat), Rizal (Angilog; Antipolo; Bosoboso; Mt Irid; Mt Susong Dalaga; Mt 

Tokduanbaboy, unspecified localities for Loher 14597, 14645, 14653, 14722, BS 19204 Reillo), 

Laguna (Mt Makiling; Sta Maria), Quezon (Mt Cadig; Mt Malaiaga), Camarines Sur (Mt Iriga; Mt 

Isarog), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), Unspecified province for Vidal 1966,

CATANDUANES: Catanduanes (Sto Domingo River), PANAY: Capiz (Mt Bulilao), BILIRAN (Mt 

Suiro), LEYTE: Leyte (Jaro; Buenavista; Compagal & Masaganap near Jaro; unspecified locality 

for Wenzel sn), Southern Leyte (Cabalian), MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (unspecified 

locality for PNH 12164 McVittie), Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley along Lake Lanao; Sacred Mtn), 

Davao del Sur (Mt Apo; Mt McKinley), Davao Oriental (Mt Kampalili), Agusan del Norte (Mt 

Hilong-hilong). Identification uncertain: NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns, PNH 5421 & 

5559 Edaño), MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (Mt Mansamuga). Epiphytic (occasionally lithophytic) 

in (usually mossy) forest, altitude (30-)500-2330m. Sometimes very common. Fl. Jan-Jun, Aug- 

Dec. 

Dendrochilum graciliscapum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 99, Fig. 38H; -- 

HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 36; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 126, Fig. 65B, 70. –Type: 

Copeland 1019 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K, US). Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., trail to Mt Apo, 

altitude 1650m. 

Dendrochilum cucullatum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 98, Fig. 38 J; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 293; --Acoridium cucullatum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 153. –Type: Copeland 

sn (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*). Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, altitude 1800m, on mossy trees, 11 Apr 

1904. 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo: Todaya; Lake Linao; Mt McKinley), South Cotabato (Mt 

Matutum), Davao Oriental (Mt Kampalili). Epiphytic in mossy forests, altitude 1650-2465m. Fl. 

Mar-May, Jul, Sept-Nov. 

Dendrochilum graminifolium (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 114, Fig. 38 Q, 

R; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 73, Fig. 18E, 35; 

--Acoridium graminifolium Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 144; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

285. 

–Type: Merrill 4764 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K). Luzon: Benguet prov., between Suyoc and 

Pauai, altitude 2000m, Oct-Nov 1905. 

LUZON: Apayao (Mt Magnas; Mt Duraragan), Kalinga (trail to Balbalasang), Ifugao (Mt 

Pimmage; Mt Polis; Sumigar), Mountain Province (Mt Data; between Bontoc and Mt Polis), 

Benguet (Pauai; between Suyoc and Pauai; Mt Pulag), Batangas (Mt Makulot, near Cuenca, 

identification uncertain for MG Price 593). Forests (usually mossy), altitude 700-2350 (-2450) 

m. Fl. Mar, Oct-Jan. 

Dendrochilum hastatum Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nomen; Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 99, text cut; --HAe 


5759 (AMES*, lecto, designated by LO Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 333; iso: BO, K, SING*, US*). Mindoro: 

Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt Halcon, 15 Nov 1906. 

Acoridium hastatum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 285. 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), PANAY: Antique (Mt Madia-as). Collection with 

uncertain identification from LUZON: Mountain Province (unspecified locality, for Tixier 130/65, 

pro parte). Terrestrial and epiphytic on bases of trees in ridge forests, altitude 1440-2050m. Fl. 

Apr, Jun, Nov. 

Dendrochilum hutchinsonianum, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nomen; Orch. 2 (1908) 96, text cut; --HAe 


5813 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K, US*). Mindoro: Mindoro Oprental prov., Mt Halcon, altitude 

2660m, 20 Nov 1906. 

Acoridium hutchinsonianum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81 (sphalm.: “hutchinsonii”); --Ames in Merr., EPFP 

1 (1924) 286. 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Exposed ridge in dense mossy thickets, terrestrial as 

well as epiphytic, altirude 2660m. Fl. Nov. Known only from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum insectiforme HAe Pedersen, ined. 

(endemic)

Dendrochilum irigense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 58; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; -- 

HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 106, Fig. 57. –Type: F Santos sn (AMES*, lecto, designated by LO Williams, 

PJS 80 (1951) 328; iso: BM, BO, K, GH*, NY*, P, SING*, US*, W; drawing at GH*). Luzon: Camarines Sur 

prov., Mt Iriga, Dec 1913. 

Acoridium irigense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286. 

LUZON: Laguna (Mt Makiling), Camarines Sur (Mt Iriga; Mt Isarog). Collection with uncertain 

identification by Pedersen: Loher 15128 from Rizal prov. (no specific locality). Epiphytic, altitude 

500-1665m. Fl. Nov, Dec. 

Dendrochilum javierense Magrath, Bulmer & I Shafer, Lindleyana 4 (1989) 135 ('javieriense'); --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 18; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 84, Fig. 42; Pl. IID; --Cootes, 

Orch. Philip. (2001) 100, as ‘D. javieri’ –Type: Magrath 17372 (OCLA, holo; iso: BRIT, MO, SEL). Luzon: 

Nueva Vizcaya prov., Dalton Pass, altitude 1830-2440ft, erroneously indicated in meters [=558-744m]. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya (Dalton Pass). Epiphytic on moss-covered tree branches where it was 

receiving 10-30% sunlight. Fl. Nov. Known only from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum kingii (Hook.f.) JJ Sm., Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 1 (1904) 76; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera 

Bot. 130 (1997) 41; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 142, Fig. 82; --Platyclinis kingii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 

(1890) 708. –Type from Peninsular Malaysia, Perak. 

Dendrochilum palawanense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 103, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295. –Type: 

BS 553 Foxworthy (AMES*, holo; iso K). Palawan: Palawan prov., Puerto Princesa, Mt Pulgar [=Thumb 

Peak], in mossy scrub, altitude 1250m, 2 Mar 1906. 

Peninsular Malaysia (Perak), Borneo (Sarawak; Kalimantan), Philippines. 

PALAWAN: Mt Pulgar (=Thumb Peak), Mt Mantalingahan. Epiphytic in mossy scrub, altitude 

1250-1885m. Fl. Mar-May. 

Dendrochilum latifolium Lindl., Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) Misc. 56; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 294; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 50-51; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 157, Fig. 83D-E, 91, Pl. VC; 

–Type: Collector unknown [cult. Loddiges sn] (K-Herb. Lindl., holo). Philippines, no further locality data. 

Platyclinis latifolia (Lindl.) Hemsl., Gdnrs’ Chron. 2, 16 (1881) 656. 

Acoridium latifolium (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220. 

var. latifolium 

LUZON: Bataan (Lamao Forest Reserve; Mt Mariveles; Lamao River; Mt Bataan), Pampanga 

(Mt Arayat), Quezon (Mt Binuang), Camarines Sur (Mt Isarog, FB 11356 Curran, identification 

to variety uncertain), CATANDUANES (unspecified locality for FB 78884 Quisumbing),:province 

unknown “Luzon Central” for Loher 472; MINDANAO: South Cotabato (Tasaday Forest). 

Epiphytic, altitude 300-1665m. Fl. (Jan-)Feb-Jun; Jul/or Aug. A cultivated plant recorded to 

flower in Nov. 

var. macranthum (Schltr.) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 51; ibid. 131 (1997) 159, Fig. 83E, Pl. 

VC; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 101; --Dendrochilum macranthum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 

9 (1911) 163, nom. Illeg., non (Ridl.) JJ Sm. –Type: Micholitz [cult. Sander sn] (B, holo, destroyed). 

Philippines, without locality. 

Dendrochilum serratum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 51, nom. illeg. 

Dendrochilum cagayanense Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 41; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292. –Type: FB 16722 

Curran (AMES*, holo; iso: US*). Luzon: Cagayan prov., no further locality data, Mar 1909. 

LUZON: Kalinga (Balbalan), Cagayan (unspecified locality for the type of D. cagayanense), 

Aurora (Mt Camatis), Rizal (near Antipolo; Montalban; Batingtingan; Mt Irid; Mt Lumutan; 

unspecified locality for Loher 14571), Laguna (San Antonio), PANAY: Antique (Culasi; Mt 

Madia-as), NEGROS: Negros Occidental (Mt Kanlaon), Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns), 

LEYTE: Leyte (Dagami; Jaro). Epiphytic in (often mossy) forest, altitude 370-1630m. Fl. Mar- 

Sept (-Oct). A cultivated plant recorded to flower in Nov. 

Dendrochilum loheri Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 12, t. 27, Fig. 1, A; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 18; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 61, Fig. 27. –Type: Loher 461A (US*, holo; iso: AMES*, P). 

Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data.

Acoridium loheri (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data), Benguet (Baguio; Mt Sto Tomas). Altitude 1600-c. 

2100m. Habitat preference not known. Fl. Feb & May. 

Dendrochilum longibulbum Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 26; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 

23; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 112, Fig. 60, Pl. IIID; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 101. –Type: 

Vanoverbergh 782 (AMES*, holo; iso: NY*). Luzon: Mountain Province, no definite locality, 23 Aug 1910. 

Acoridium longibulbum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286. 

Acoridium lucbanense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286; --Dendrochilum 

lucbanense Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1559. –Type: Elmer 7571 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, BM, C, HBG, K, L*, 

NY* 2 sheets, P, PNH, US*). Luzon: Quezon prov., Lucban, May 1907. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Bauko; Mt Data), Benguet, Ifugao (Mt Pimmage; Mt Polis; 

Sumigar; Mt Himi-o), Rizal (Loher 14619, no definite locality), Laguna (Mt Banahaw), Quezon 

(Lucban), Albay (Mayon Volcano, uncertain identification for PNH 18494 Edaño), Sorsogon 

(collections with uncertain species identification), NEGROS: Negros Occidental (Mt Kanlaon, 

uncertain identification for PNH 21744 Edaño). Epiphytic in (usually mossy) forest, altitude 665- 

2600m. Fl. Jan, Feb, May, Jul (), Aug-Oct. 

Dendrochilum longifolium Reichb.f., Bonplandia 4 (1856) 329; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 51-52; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 155, Fig. 90, Pl. VB; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 102. 

Acoridium longifolium (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220. 

Dendrochilum clemensiae Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 109, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 292. --Type: 

MS Clemens 642 (PNH, holo, destroyed; photo of the holotype, together with syntype, MS Clemens sn, in 

AMES*). Mindanao: Lanao del Sur prov., Camp Keithley, along Lake Lanao, Jul 1906. 

Burma, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, New 

Guinea. 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley), altitude c. 700m. Fl. May, July, Sept-Oct. 

Specimens of uncertain species identification from LUZON (unspecified locality, Tixier 133/65). 

Philippine habitat preferences of this species not known. 

Dendrochilum longilabre (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 99, Fig. 38 K; --Ames 

in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 294; --Acoridium longilabre Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 152; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 42; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 139, Fig. 80. –Type: Copeland 

1025 (PNH, holo; destroyed; iso: AMES*, K). Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, solitary or clustered 

on mossy trees, altitude 5600m [=1707m], 19 Apr 1904. 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mt Kitanglad), Davao del Sur (Mt Apo; Mt McKinley). Epiphytic in mossy 

forest, altitude 1700-2300(-2500)m. Fl. Mar, Apr, May(), Aug. 

Dendrochilum louisianum HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 384; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera 

Bot. 

130 (1997) 18; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 78, Fig. 38. –Type: BS 78670 Edaño (AMES*, holo; iso: 

AMES*, NY*). Luzon: Cagayan prov., Mt Balatongan summit, epiphytic, altitude c. 800m, 11 Nov 1929. 

LUZON: Cagayan (Mt Balatongan). Known from two collections from the type locality. Fl. Nov. 

Dendrochilum luzonense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 121, text cut; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 18; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 81, Fig. 40. --Type: FB 5735 Klemme (AMES*, holo; iso: K). 

Luzon: Kalinga prov., trail to Balbalasang, altitude 1600m, 19 Nov 1906. 

Acoridium luzonense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte (Mt Burnay), Apayao (Mt Sulu, identification not certain for BS 28377 

Fenix), Kalinga (trail to Balbalasang), Benguet (Mt Pangualitikai; Mt Pulag), Ifugao (Mt Polis). 

Mossy forests, altitude 1600-2600 (-2700)m. Fl. Feb, Oct-Dec. 

Dendrochilum macgregorii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 42; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 

18; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 56, Fig. 23. –Type: BS 8849 McGregor (AMES*, holo; iso: BO, K, 

US*). 

Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Pulog [=Pulag], 4 Jul 1909.

Acoridium macgregorii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286. 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Pulag). High montane mossy oak forest, epiphytic, altitude reportedly at c. 

2900m (although alpine grasslands cover this mountain from c. 2650m upwards). Fl. Jul. Only 

known from two collections at the type locality. 

Dendrochilum magnum Reichb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1861)240; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

294; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 53; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 160, Fig. 92. 

–Type: Cuming sn (K-Herb. Lindl., holo; drawing in W-Herb. Reichb.f. 49016). Philippines. No locality data. 

Acoridium magnum (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220. 

LUZON: Camarines Sur (Mt Isarog), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Dulangan; Mt Ilong; 

Mt Halcon), PANAY: Antique (near Culasi; Mt Madia-as), NEGROS: Negros Occidental (Mt 

Malbug), Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns; Dumaguete), MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo). 

Materials with uncertain species identification: LUZON: Sorsogon (Price 386), NEGROS: 

Negros Occidental (Mt Silay; Dungca near Cauayan). Epiphytic (rarely terrestrial) in (often 

mossy) forest, altitude (500-)665-1995m. Fl. Feb, Apr-Jul, Sept(), Nov. 

Dendrochilum maleolens Kraenzl., Orchis 2 (1908) 63; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23; -- 

HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 116. –Type: Loher sn (not located by Pedersen). Luzon: Rizal prov., no 

further locality data. 

Acoridium maleolens (Kraenzl.) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 286. 

LUZON: Rizal (uncertain locality). Habitat preferences and altitudinal range not known. Fl. Jan. 

Dendrochilum malindangense Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 114, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

295; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 53; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 174, Fig. 100. 

–Type: FB 4597 Mearns & Hutchinson (AMES, holo; iso: K, NY, US). Mindanao: Misamis Occidental prov., 

Mt Malindang, altitude 1130m. Habitat type not known. 

MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang). Fl. May. Probably known only from the 

type collection. Valmayor’s cited occurrence from ‘Zamboanga (Dapitan)’ probably refers 

unintendedly to the type collection from Mt Malindang (fide Pedersen, 1997). 

Dendrochilum marginatum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 318; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 18-19; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 50, Fig. 20; --Acoridium marginatum Ames, Sched. 

Orch. 6 (1923) 23, Fig. 5; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287. –Type: M Ramos sn (AMES*, holo). Luzon: 

Rizal pov., Mt Irig [=Irid], altitude 1495m, on tree near summit, 19 Apr 1922. 

LUZON: Rizal (Mt Irid). Epiphyte on summit. Known only from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum mearnsii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 116, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; 

--HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 128, Fig. 71. –Type: FB 

4605 Mearns & Hutchinson (AMES*, holo; iso: K). Mindanao: Misamis Occidental prov., Mt Malindang, 

altitude 2425m, May 1906. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns: Mt Talinis), CAMIGUIN (unspecified locality for BS 

14426 Ramos), MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang), Bukidnon (Mt Lipa), Agusan 

del Norte (Mt Hilong-hilong). Epiphytic in mossy forests, altitude 1350-2425m. Fl. Mar-May, Jul. 

Dendrochilum merrillii (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 119, Fig. 38 A, B; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 37; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 146, Fig. 85; --Acoridium 

merrillii Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 151; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287. –Type: Merrill 

4585 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K). Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, Nov 1905. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data), Benguet (Pauai). Epiphytic, altitude 2100-2545m. Fl. 

Jun, Aug-Oct. 

Dendrochilum microchilum (Schltr.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 87; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 19; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 66, Fig. 18B, 30; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 102; -- 

Acoridium microchilum (Schltr.) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287; -- 

Platyclinis microchila Schltr., Bull. Herb. Boissier, II, 6 (1906) 302. –Type: Schlechter sn, cult. (B, holo, 

destroyed; drawing at K, all the above cited by Pedersen, 1997: 66). Philippines, no further locality data

cited. 

Dendrochilum tenue (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 116, Fig. 38 M; --Acoridium tenue 

Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 145; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290. –Type: Copeland 1019a 

(PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K, all cited by Pedersen, 1997: 66; an unnumbered Copeland specimen, 

US barcode # 00344424, dated April 1904 from Mt Apo is possibly an isotype). Mindanao: Davao del Sur 

prov., Mt Apo, epiphytic on mossy trees, altitude 5400ft, 19 Apr 1904. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Bauko), Benguet (Mt Pulag), Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage; 

Mt Polis; Sumigar), Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Lamao River), Rizal (most likely in one of the 

classical Loher collection sites in the Sierra Madre), Camarines Sur (Mt Isarog; Panagan River), 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), PANAY: Antique, NEGROS: Negros Occidental (Mt 

Kanlaon, identification uncertain for PNH 21744, p.p.; Mt Malbug), Negros Oriental (Cuernos 

Mtns), LEYTE: Leyte (Buenavista and Masaganap near Jaro; Lake Danao; above identifications 

uncertain; Mt Janagdan; Mt Mamban), SAMAR: Western Samar (Mt Sohoton, identification 

uncertain for PNH 118063 Gutierrez et al.), CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental 

(Mt Malindang), Bukidnon (Mt Lipa; vicinity of Tangculan), Davao (Mt Apo; Mt McKinley, 

identification uncertain for PNH 1243 & 1268 Edaño). Usually in oak-dominated and ericaceous 

mossy forests, sometimes with dense Pandanus thickets, altitude 500-2830m, epiphytic. Fl. 

throughout the year (except in Aug). According to Pedersen (1997: 68), records from Taiwan 

by Ying is possibly due to confounding with D. uncatum which is very well-known there. 

Dendrochilum mindanaense (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 309; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera 

Bot. 

130 (1997) 19; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 70, Fig. 33; --Acoridium mindanaense Ames, Sched. 

Orchid. 6 (1923) 25, Fig. 6, pro parte; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287. –Type: Elmer 14095 (AMES*, 

holo; iso: AMES*, BM, BO, K, L*, NY*, US*). Mindanao: Agusan del Norte prov., Cabadbaran, Mt Urdaneta 

[=Mt Hilong-hilong], Aug 1912. 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (Mt Hilong-hilong). Habitat preference and altitudinal range not 

known. Fl. Oct. Only known from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum mindorense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 317, nomen; Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 91, text cut; -- 

HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 23-24; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 104, Fig. 55. –Type: 

Merrill 5795 (AMES*, lecto, designated by LO Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 324; iso: K, SING*, US*). Mindoro: 

Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt Halcon, Nov 1906. 

Acoridium mindorense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287. 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon; also Mt Ilong, PNH 5428 Edaño, with uncertain 

identification by Pedersen). Habitat preference not known, altitude 860-1995m. Fl. Nov. 

Dendrochilum niveum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 284; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 54; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 153, Fig. 88. –Type: Boettcher 

sn, pro parte (AMES*, holo; iso: K). Luzon: Kalinga prov., Balbalan, altitude 1000m, 9 Mar 1918. 

LUZON: Kalinga (Balbalan), Rizal (Mt Susong Dalaga). Epiphytic at c. 1000m. Fl. Mar. (a 

cultivated specimen in Dec). 

Dendrochilum ocellatum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 117, Fig. 38 C; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 57, Fig. 25; --Acoridium 

ocellatum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 151; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287.–Type: Merrill 

4481a (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*). Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, altitude 2150m, 29 Oct 

1905. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data), Benguet (Lusod, near Benguet-Ifugao-Nueva Vizcaya 

provincial borders). Habitat type not known. Fl. Oct. 

Dendrochilum oliganthum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 117, Fig. 38E; -- 

HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 57, Fig. 24; --Acoridium 

oliganthum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 150; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 287. –Type: Merrill 

4481 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*). Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, altitude 2150m, 29 Oct 1905. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data; Mt Sinapsapan). Habitat type not known, altitude 1890-

2150m. Fl. Oct. 

Dendrochilum oreophilum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 317; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 24; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 90, Fig. 46; --Acoridium oreophilum Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 

1 (1937) 71. –Type: Loher 15042 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, PNH, destroyed. Luzon: Rizal prov., no further 

locality data. Date of collection not known. 

LUZON: Rizal (no further locality data). Nothing is known about the habitat preferences, 

altitudinal range, or flowering season of this species. 

Dendrochilum pallidiflavens Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 399; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 28-29; 

--HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 179, Fig. 104; Pl. VIID; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 103. –Type from 

Java. 

Dendrochilum weberi Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 410; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 296. –Type: Weber 59 (AMES, 

holo; iso in K). Mindanao: Agusan del Norte prov., Cabadbaran River. 

Burma, Thailand, Sumatra, W Peninsular Malaysia (Perak; Penang), Java, Lesser Sunda Isls, 


SAMAR: Western Samar (Mt Sohoton), TAWI-TAWI, JOLO (Mt Dajo), BASILAN, MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga del Norte (Lipay), Agusan del Norte (Cabadbaran River; Tungao near Butuan), 

Surigao del Sur. Lowland forests (including mangroves) up to altitude 610m, epiphytic 

(occasionally lithophytic). Fl. Mar, Jul, Aug, Sept; in a cultivated specimen in May. 

Dendrochilum pangasinense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 29; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; -- 

HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 54-55; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 168, Fig. 96. –Type: 

BS 8286 Ramos (AMES*, holo). Luzon: Pangasinan prov., no further locality data, May 1909. 

LUZON: Pangasinan. Habitat preferences and altitude range not known. Fl. May. Known only 

from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum parvipapillatum HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 386, Fig. 2-B, 6; --HAe Pedersen 

et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 55; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 166, Fig. 94. –Type: BS 32401 RC 

McGregor (AMES*, holo). Panay : Antique prov., no further locality data, mossy forest, altitude 1000m, May- 

Aug 1918. 

SIBUYAN (Mt Giting-giting), PANAY: Antique (Mt Madia-as), Capiz (Mt Salibongbong). Mossy 

forests, altitude 665-1030m, epiphytic. Fl. Apr-Jun. 

Dendrochilum parvulum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 116, Fig. 38 N; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 19; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 63, Fig. 18C, 28A-F, H-J; Pl. 

IC; 

--Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 104; --Acoridium parvulum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 146; -- 

Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288. –Type: Merrill 317b (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, US*). Luzon: 

Bataan prov., Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, Oct 1903. 

Dendrochilum venustulum (Ames) Pfitzer In Engler, Pflanzenreich IV 50 II B 7 (1907) 116, Fig. 38U; --Acoridium 

vensutulum Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 147. –Type: Elmer 6273 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: 

AMES*, K, US*). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Sto Tomas, May 1904. 

var. parvulum 

LUZON: Apayao (Mt Sulu), Mountain Province, Benguet (Pauai; Bokod; Mt Sinapsapan; Mt Sto 

Tomas; road Pauai to Mt Data), Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage; Mt Polis; Sumigar), Cagayan 

(Mt Balatongan; Mt Cagua), Nueva Vizcaya, Aurora (Mt Camatis), Bataan (Mt Mariveles, 

Lamao River), Rizal (Mt Lumutan), Laguna (Mt Banahaw), Quezon (Lucban). Usually in (mossy) 

forests, also on solitary trees in open areas, altitude between (200-) 1400 and 2500m. Fl. Mar- 

Jul, Oct-Jan. 

var. strictiforme (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; ibid. 131 (1997) 64, Fig. 28-G; -- 

Dendrochilum strictiforme (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich IV. 50. II. B. 7 (1907) 116, Fig. 38 L; -- 

Acoridium strictiforme Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 147; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290. 

–Type: Merrill 4854 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K). Luzon: Benguet prov., between Suyoc and 

Pauai, altitude 2000m, Oct-Nov 1905.

LUZON: Benguet (Pauai; Mt Pulag; Mt Pulogloco; Mt Sinapsapan; between Suyoc & Pauai), 

Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage; Mt Polis). Mossy forests between (1700-) 1995 and 2150m. 

Fl. Jun-Oct, Nov, Dec-Jan. 

Dendrochilum perplexum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 299; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 20; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 75, Fig. 36 A-F, H-J; --Acoridium perplexum Ames, 

Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 142; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288. –Type: Ramos & Edaño 55 (AMES*, holo; 

iso: AMES*, BM, K, NY*, P, SING*, US*, W). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Sinapsapan, mossy forest, altitude 

1830m, 13 Oct 1921. 

var. perplexum 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Sinapsapan), Ifugao (Mt Himi-o). Epiphyte in the mossy forest, altitude ( 

1700-) 1830 (-2080)m. Fl. Apr & (Sept-) Oct. 

var. montanum (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; Fig. 36-G; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 

(1997) 75, Fig. 36-G; --Acoridium montanum Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 1; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 287; --Acoridium linearifolium Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 141, nom. illeg., non (Hook.f.) Rolfe. 

–Type: Ramos & Edaño 56 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, BM, K, NY*, P, SING*, US*, W). Luzon: Benguet 

prov., Mt Boadan, on trees in mossy forest, altitude 1830m, 26 Sept 1921. 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Boadan; Mt Pauai). Epiphyte in mossy forests, altitude 1830-2450m. Fl. 

Sept. 

Dendrochilum philippinense (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 118, Fig. 38 F; -- 

HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 53, Fig. 18A, 21A-F, H-J ; 

--Acoridium philippinense Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 149; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288. 

–Type: Merrill 4757 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K, NY*, US*). Luzon: Benguet prov., between Suyoc 

and Pauai, altitude 2000m, 7 Nov 1905. 

var. philippinense 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte (Mt Burnay), Kalinga (trail to Balbalasang), Ifugao (Mt Polis), Mountain 

Province, Benguet (Mt Tabayoc, Mt Boadan; Mt Simakoko; between Suyoc and Pauai). Mossy 

forests, altitude 1600-2540m, epiphytic. Fl. Sept-Feb. 

var. purpureum (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; ibid. 131 (1997) 53, Fig. 21G; -- 

Acoridium purpureum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288; -- 

Dendrochilum purpureum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 286. –Type: Boettcher sn (AMES*, holo; iso: BM, 

BO, K, NY*, P, SING*, US*, W). Luzon: Apayao prov., Mt Pasoan, altitude 2000m, Jan 1918. 

LUZON: Apayao (Mt Pasoan). Only known from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum philippinense subsp. purpureum (Ames) W Suarez (endemic) 

Dendrochilum plocoglottoides HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 387; --HAe Pedersen et al., 

Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 59; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 141, Fig. 78A, 81. –Type: K Iwatsuki, G Murata 

& HG Gutierrez P-874 (L*, holo; iso: KYO). Luzon: Ilocos Norte prov., Mt Burnay, in mossy forest, altitude 

1800-2000m, 4 Dec 1975. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte (Mt Burnay). Known only from the type collection. Fl. Dec. 

Dendrochilum prodigiosum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 98; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 38; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 136, Fig. 65A, 77. –Type: BS 

38521 Ramos & Edaño (AMES, holo). Mindanao: Bukidnon prov., Mt Lipa, epiphytic in mossy forest, altitude 

6500ft [=1981m], 13 Jul 1920. 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mt Lipa). Epiphytic in mossy forest at c. 2000m. Apparently known only 

from the type collection, collected in flower in Jul. 

Dendrochilum propinquum Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 285; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 38; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 133, Fig. 74. –Type: Wenzel 

805 (AMES*, holo; iso: K). Leyte: Leyte prov., Masaganap near Jaro, epiphyte in forest, altitude 700m, 27 

Dec 1919. 

LEYTE: Leyte (Jaro; Masaganap and Buenavista near Jaro). Specimens with uncertain species

identifications from LUZON: Albay (Mayon Volcano; Mt Malinao), BILIRAN (Mt Suiro). Epiphytic 

in forests, altitude 500-700(-900)m. Fl. Feb, Mar, Dec. 

Dendrochilum pulcherrimum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 311; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera 

Bot. 130 (1997) 26; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 44, Fig. 17; Pl. IA; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 104; 

--Acoridium pulcherrimum Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 144; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288. –Type: 

Ramos & Edaño 45 (AMES*, holo; iso: BM, K, NY*, US*, W*). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Natoo, altitude 

1750m, 30 Sept 1921. 

LUZON: Ifugao (Mt Polis), Mountain Province, Benguet (Mt Natoo), Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva 

Ecija. Mossy forest, altitude c. 1200-1830m, epiphytic, often in well-lit sites. Fl. Feb, Sept. 

Dendrochilum pulogense Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 594; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 20; 

--HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 59, Fig. 26. –Type: FB 16347 Curran, Merritt & Zschokke (AMES*, holo). 

Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Pulog [=Pulag], Jan 1909. 

Acoridium pulogense (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288. 

LUZON: Benguet (Pauai; Mt Simakoko; Mt Pulag). High-montane mossy forests, epiphytic, 

altitude 2065-2500m. Fl. Jan, May-Jul, Oct. 

Dendrochilum pumilum Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 

24; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 109, Fig. 45C, 59. –Type: Cuming 2102 (W-Reichb.f. 20440, holo; iso: 

BM, K, W; drawing in AMES*). Luzon: no further locality data. 

Acoridium pumilum (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 12 (1904) 220; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288. 

var. pumilum 

LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Lamao Forest Reserve), Laguna (Mt Makiling; Mt Banahaw), 

Quezon (Mt Binuang, uncertain identification for BS 28862 Ramos & Edaño), Camarines Sur 

(Mt Isarog). Epiphytic in mossy forests and on exposed ridges, altitude 1025-2250m. Fl. Nov- 

Feb. 

var. recurvum (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 111, 

Fig. 

45B; --Dendrochilum recurvum (Ames) Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318; --Acoridium recurvum Ames, Proc. 

Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 148; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289. –Type: Merrill 4584 (PNH, holo, 

destroyed; iso: AMES*, K). Luzon: Mountain Province, Mt Data, Nov 1905. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte (Mt Pico de Loro, identification uncertain for PNH 16737 Edaño), Apayao 

(Mt Duraragan; Mt Magnas), Mountain Province (Mt Data; Mt Pukis), Ifugao (Sumigar), 

Benguet (Mt Pulogloco), Rizal (no definite locality for Loher 14598), Albay (Mayon Volcano, 

identification uncertain for PNH 18189 Mendoza), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), 

CATANDUANES (no definite locality), MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (Mt Kampalili, identification 

uncertain for PNH 12730 & 12736 Edaño). Epiphytic in mossy forests and exposed ridges, 

altitude 700-2795m. Fl. Sept-Nov, a cultivated plant in Feb. 

Dendrochilum quadrilobum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 61; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 

20-21; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 68, Fig. 31; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 105. –Type: BS 19894 

RC McGregor (AMES*, lecto, designated by LO Williams, 1951; isolecto: BM, BO, K, L*, NY*, P, US*). Luzon: Ifugao prov 

Acoridium quadrilobum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7e (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 288. 

LUZON: Kalinga (Mt Pasuan), Ifugao (Mt Polis). Epiphtic in forests (usually mossy), altitude 

200-2000m. Fl. Jan & Feb. 

Dendrochilum quinquecallosum H.A.Pedersen -- Orchid Rev. 115(1276): 223 (-225; fig.). 2007 

[Jul 2007] 

Dendrochium quisumbingianum HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 389; HAe Pedersen et al., 

Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 55; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 178, Fig. 103. –Type: PNH 10887 Mendoza & 

Convocar (PNH, holo; iso: AMES). Mindanao: Agusan del Norte prov., Mt Hilong-hilong, summit. 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (Mt Hilong-hilong). Mossy forest, altitude c. 1940m, epiphytic. Fl.

Mar. Known from two collections at the type locality. 

Dendrochilum reniforme Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 63; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; 

--HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 91, Fig. 47. –Type: F Calico sn (AMES, lecto, designated by LO Williams, 

1951: 311; iso BM, K, NY). Luzon: Laguna prov., San Antonio, Mar 1913. 

Acoridium reniforme (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289. 

Dendrochilum urciforme (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 316; --Acoridium urciforme Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 

(1937) 76. –Type: Loher 13276 (AMES, holo; iso: PNH, destroyed). Luzon: Rizal prov., Mt Paminglingan, 

near Montalban, Apr 1912. 

LUZON: Ifugao (Mt Polis), Rizal (Mt Kanumay; Mt Paminglingan), Laguna (San Antonio). 

Habitat preferences and altitudinal ranges not known. Fl. Feb, Mar, Apr, Oct. 

Dendrochilum rhombophorum (Reichb.f) Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 7; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera 

Bot. 130 (1997) 21; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 54, Fig. 22; Pl. IB; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 106. 

--Acoridium rhombophorum (Reichb.f) Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 1; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

289; --Coelogyne rhombophora Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 116. –Type: Wallis sn. (W-Herb. Reichb.f. 

20434, holo; iso: NY*). Philippines, locality not known. From the NY sheet, one can see clearly that contrary 

to Pedersen’s (1997) citation, the Wallis sheet is an unnumbered collection and that ‘72001’ is most likely 

intended for 7200’ [7200ft]. 

Dendrochilum whitfordii (Rolfe) Pfitzer & Kraenzl. In Engler, Pflanzenreich IV 50 II B 7 (1907) 162; --Acoridium whitfordii Rolfe in A 

US*). Luzon: Bataan prov., Mt Mariveles, Lamao River, May 1904. 

LUZON: Aurora (mtns NNE of Dingalan), Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Lamao River), Rizal (Mt 

Lumutan), Laguna (Majayjay; Mt Banahaw; Lucban), Quezon (Mt Binuang), Albay, MINDANAO: 

Surigao del Norte (Lake Mainit). Epiphytic in mossy forests, altitude 500-2500 (-2600) m. Fl. 

Mar-Jun. 

Dendrochium rotundilabium LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 50; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 39; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 124, Fig. 68. –Type: BS 75814 Edaño (AMES*, holo). 

Luzon: Camarines Sur prov., Mt Madooy summit, altitude 2000ft [=610m], 9 Nov 1928. 

LUZON: Camarines Sur (Mt Madooy; Mt Potianay), MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte (Mt Hilonghilong). 

Epiphytic in (sometimes mossy) forests, altitude 600-1940m. Fl. Apr, Nov. 

Dendrochilum saccolabium Kraenzl., in Ann. k. k. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 56; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (19 

(2001) 106. –Type: Loher sn/ cult. Hort. Bot. Nymphenb. (type not located). Philippines. No locality data. 

Acoridium saccolabium (Kraenzl.) Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 2; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289. 

LUZON: Rizal, Laguna (Siniloan, Kapatalan; Sta Maria). Epiphytic in forests, altitude 200-335m. 

Fl. Sept, Nov-Jan. 

Dendrochilum schweinfurthianum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 323; --HAe Pedersen et al., 

Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 24; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 115, Fig. 62; --Acoridium schweinfurthianum 

Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 73. –Type: BS 48602 Ramos & Edaño (AMES*, holo; iso: K, NY*, US*). 

Luzon: Rizal prov., Mt Tokduanbaboy, epiphytic in mossy forest, altitude 1200m, Nov 1926. 

LUZON: Rizal (Mt Tokduanbaboy). Fl. Nov. Apparently known only from the type collection. 

Dendrochilum simulacrum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 92, text cut; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 24; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 116, Fig. 63. –Type: FB 4981 Curran (AMES*, holo; iso: K, 

US*). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Tonglon [=Mt Sto Tomas], 8 Aug 1906. 

Acoridium simulacrum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 82; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289. 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Sto Tomas), Quezon (Lucban). Epiphytic along forest margins on the 

summit vicinity at the type locality, altitude c. 1995m. Fl. May & Aug. 

Dendrochium smithianum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 311; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 26; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 44, Fig. 16; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 106; --Acoridium 

smithianum Ames, Blumea, Suppl. 1 (1937) 74. –Type: Loher 15129 (AMES, holo). Luzon: Rizal prov., no 

further locality data. 

LUZON: Rizal (Montalban). Aside from the type, also known from two other collections (Loher 

12566a & 13950) possibly rather adjacent to the type locality. Cootes (2001) also includes

the provinces of Aurora and Quezon in the distribution range of this species and reports an 

altitudinal occurrence of 500m. Habitat preferences and altitudinal range otherwise not known. 

Fl. Jan, May. 

Dendrochilum stenophyllum LO Williams, PJS 80 (1953) 300; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 21; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 77, Fig. 37; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 107; --Acoridium 

angustifolium Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 69. –Type: Loher 14721 (AMES*, holo; iso: P). Luzon: Rizal 

prov., no further locality data, Sept 1909. 

LUZON: Rizal (Montalban). The type locality is most likely to be located in the general vicinity 

of the Sierra Madre Range N and E of Montalban. Said region is the most important collection 

site of Loher during the late 1890s to early 1900s. Cootes (2001) also adds Aurora and Quezon 

provinces to the distributional range, and ‘epiphytic at elevations (of) about 1000m’, otherwise, 

nothing is known about the habitat and altitudinal range of this species. Fl. Sept. . 

Dendrochilum tenellum (Nees & Meyen) Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera 

Bot. 130 (1997) 21; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 79, Fig. 18D, 39; pl. 1D, IIA-B; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 108; -Acoridium tenellum Nees & Meyen, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1 (1843) 131; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290. –Type: Meyen sn (K, holo). Philippines: no further locality data. 

Dendrochilum sphacelatum (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 112, Fig. 37 A, B, D, F, H, K; 

--Acoridium sphacelatum Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 1, t. 1, Figs. 1, 4-6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20; --Ames 

in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 289. –Type: Elmer 6554 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES* 2 sheets, K, L, NY*, P, 

US*). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Sto Tomas, Jun 1904. 

Dendrochilum junceum Reichb.f., Otia Bot. Humburg. 1 (1878) 54. –Type: Wallis sn (W-Herb. Reichb.f. 49002, cited 

by Pedersen, 1997). Luzon: Laguna prov., Los Baños. 

CAMIGUIN DE BABUYANES (Mt Camiguin), LUZON: Ilocos Norte (Mt Burnay), La Union 

(Naguilian), Apayao (Mt Sulu), Kalinga (Balbalan), Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage; Mt Polis; 

Sumigar), Mountain Province (Mt Masapilid; Sitio Pokpok Tayao), Benguet (Baguio; Mt Sto 

Tomas), Cagayan (Mt Cagua; Mt Balatongan), Nueva Vizcaya, Aurora (Mt Camatis), Zambales 

(Masinloc, Mt Apoi near Coto; Mt Tapulao), Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Lamao Forest Reserve; Mt 

Limay), Pampanga (Mt Pinatubo), Rizal, Laguna (Mt Makiling; Mt Banahaw), Camarines Sur (Mt 

Isarog), Sorsogon (Mt Bulusan), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), BILIRAN (Mt Suiro), 

LEYTE: Leyte (Buenavista near Jaro; Masaganap near Jaro; Mt Mamban), MINDANAO: Davao 

Oriental (Mt Kampalili). Epiphytic (usually oak-ericaceous mossy forests), sometimes in open 

ridge forests, altitude 300-2495m, but most common between 1000-1500m. Fl. Sept-Jul. 

Dendrochilum tenuibulbum (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 325; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 25; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 113, Fig. 61, Pl. IVA; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 108; -- 

Acoridium tenuibulbum Ames, Blumea Suppl. 1 (1937) 75. –Type: Loher 13046 (AMES*, holo; iso AMES*). 

Luzon: Rizal prov., Balacbac, May 1916. 

LUZON: Rizal (Balacbac), Albay, PANAY: Antique (Mt Madia-as, near Culasi, identification 

uncertain for Busemeyer et al. 356). Epiphytic among mosses, on tree trunks, in rather brightlylit 

sites, altitude c. 950-1430m. 

Dendrochilum tenuifolium (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 114, Fig. 38 (O), 

excluding Fig. 38Q, 1907; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 25; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 

(1997) 97, Fig. 50; --Acoridium tenuifolium Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 145; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 290. –Type: Merrill 4576 (PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K, US*). Luzon: Mountain 

Province, Mt Data, Nov 1905. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte (Mt Burnay), Mountain Province (Mt Data), Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt 

Pimmage; Mt Polis), Benguet (Mt Pulag; Mt Pulogloco; Mt Boadan; Mt Sinapsapan; Mt 

Simakoko; Baguio; Mt Sto Tomas). Epiphytic in mossy forest, altitude (1700-)1800-2150(- 

2500)m. Fl. Jul-Feb. 

Dendrochilum tetradactyliferum HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15 (1996) 390; --HAe Pedersen et al., 

Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 40; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 135, Fig. 65C, 76. –Type: PNH 2370 Edaño 

(AMES*, holo). Mindanao: Davao del Sur prov., Mt Apo, Miran River, bole epiphyte in forest, altitude 1915m,

6 Nov 1946. 

MINDANAO: Davao del Sur (Mt Apo: Baklayan and Miran River). Epiphytic on forested ridges, 

altitude 1800-1915m. Eight collections cited by Pedersen are thus far only known to be confined 

to the general vicinity of the type locality. Fl. Nov. 

Dendrochilum turpe (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 118, Fig. 38 D; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 25; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 93, Fig. 45D, 48; --Acoridium 

turpe Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 149; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290. –Type: Merrill 4758 

(PNH, holo, destroyed; iso: AMES*, K). Luzon: Benguet prov., between Suyoc and Pauai, 7 Nov 1905. 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Tabayoc, Mt Pulag; Mt Pulogloco; Mt Simakoko; between Suyoc & Pauai), 

Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage; Mt Polis). Epiphytic in mossy forests, altitude (1700-)2060 and 

2400(-2500)m. Fl. Feb-Apr, Sept-Dec. 

Dendrochilum uncatum Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 295; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 57-58; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 162, Fig. 83A, 93; Pl. VD; 

--Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 109. –Type: Cuming 2073 (W-Herb. Reichb.f. 49080, holo; iso: BM, K, L* 

2sheets, P, SING*, W; drawing: A*). Luzon: Zambales prov., without more precise locality. 

Acoridium uncatum (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 12 (1904) 220. 

Dendrochilum uncatum Reichb.f. var. lancifolium Reichb.f., Gdrns.’ Chron. 2, 16 (1881) 780. –Type: Cuming 2103 

(W-Reichb.f. 49034, holo; iso: BM, K, L*, P, W). Philippines, without more precise locality. 

var. uncatum 

Taiwan, Philippines. 

LUZON: Benguet (Bokod; Mt Pulag; Pauai), Ifugao (Mt Polis; Sumigar), Cagayan (Mt 

Balatongan; Mt Bawa; Mt Cagua), Nueva Vizcaya (unspecified locality for BS 20101 McGregor), 

Zambales (unspecified locality for Cuming 2073), Bataan (Mt Mariveles, Lamao River), 

Pampanga (Arayat), Rizal (Mt Canumay), Laguna (Mt Makiling), Quezon (Mt Banahaw), 

Epiphytic (rarely lithophytic) in (usually mossy) forest, altitude 930-2500m. Fl. throughout the 

year. 

var. longispicatum (Ames) HAe Pedersen, Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 58; ibid. 131 (1997) 165, Fig. 93H; -- 

Dendrochilum longispicatum Ames, Orch. 2 (1908) 105, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 294. 

–Type: Merrill 4336 (AMES*, lecto, designated by Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 58; iso: K, US*). 

Luzon: Benguet prov., Baguio, Oct-Nov 1905. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Bauko; unspecified localities for Vanoverbergh 899, 4043), 

Benguet (Mt Pulag; Baguio; Mt Sto Tomas). Epiphytic, altitude 1450-1750m. Fl. Apr, Jul, Sept- 

Dec. 

Dendrochilum undulatum HAE Pedersen, Orch. Rev. 115 (2007) 225. –Type: 

Dendrochilum unicallosum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 51; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 58; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 146, Fig. 84. –Type: Loher 14643, pro parte (AMES*, holo; 

iso: BM, BO, C, K, P). Luzon: Rizal prov., no further locality data, Sept 1909. 

LUZON: Rizal (Montalban; Mt Irid; unspecified locality for the type collection). Epiphytic in 

mossy forest, altitude c. 1330m. 

Dendrochilum unicorne (Ames) LO Williams, PJS 80 (1952) 314; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997) 25; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 118, Fig. 64; --Acoridium unicorne Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 

145; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290. –Type: Ramos & Edaño 54 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*, BM, K, L*, 

NY*, P, SING*, US*, W). Luzon: Benguet prov., Mt Simakoko, epiphytic in the mossy forest, altitude 6500ft 

[=1981m], 6 Oct 1921. 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Simakoko). Apparently known only from two collections from the type 

locality. Fl. Oct. 

Dendrochilum vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 27; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 

(1997)

25; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 102, Fig. 45A, 54; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 109. –Type: 

Vanoverbergh 1046 (AMES*, lecto, designated by LO Williams, PJS 80 (1951) 320; iso: A*, PNH, 

destroyed). 

Luzon: Mountain Province, no further locality data, Nov-Dec 1910. 

Acoridium vanoverberghii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 82; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 290. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Ifugao (Mt Polis), Nueva Vizcaya. Epiphytic in mossy forests, 

altitude c. 2000m. Fl. Jan, Feb, Nov/Dec. 

Dendrochilum warrenii HAe Pedersen & Gravend., Blumea 49 (2004) 358-360. –Type: 

Dendrochilum wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 65; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 21; -- 

HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 85, Fig. 43; Pl. IIIA-B; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 110. –Type: Wenzel 

264 (AMES*, lecto, designated by LO Williams 1951: 301; iso: BM, C, K, L*, NY*, P, SING*, US*). Leyte: 

Leyte prov., Masaganap near Jaro, epiphyte in forest, altitude 750m, 11 Feb 1914. 

Acoridium wenzelii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 82; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 291. 

LUZON: Apayao (Mt Sulu), Kalinga (Balbalan), Nueva Vizcaya (Dalton Pass), Camarines Sur 

(Mt Isarog; Sagnay), Albay (Mt Malinao), BILIRAN (Mt Suiro), LEYTE: Leyte (Buenavista and 

Masaganap, near Jaro; Mt Abucayan), MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Mt Kitanglad). Epiphytic in 

forests (sometimes mossy), frequently on ridges, altitude 500-1800m. Fl. Feb, Mar, Dec. 

Dendrochilum williamsii (Ames) Pfitzer in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50. ii. B. 7 (1907) 114, Fig. 38 S; --HAe 

Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 22; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 83, Fig. 41; --Cootes, Orch. 

Philip. (2001) 111; --Acoridium williamsii Ames, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19 (1906) 143; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 291. –Type: RS Williams 1939 (NY*, holo; iso AMES*, GH*, K, US*). Luzon: Benguet prov., 

La Trinidad, on rocks, 28 Sept 1904. 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data; Mt Pukis), Ifugao (Mt Himi-o; Mt Pimmage; Sumigar), 

Benguet (Mt Pauai; La Trinidad; Mt Sto Tomas), Nueva Vizcaya, Rizal (Montalban; Mt 

Tokduanbaboy; Mt Irid). Epiphytic in mossy forests (rarely lithophytic), altitude 1165-2540m. Fl. 

Sept-Nov. 

Dendrochilum woodianum Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 318, nom. nud.; Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 80 (& an 

unnumbered Fig. on p. 81); --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 130 (1997) 60; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 

(1997) 37, Fig. 12. –Type: Merrill 5618 (AMES, holo; iso: K, SING, US; drawings at BM, NY, PNH, SING). 

Mindoro: Mindoro Oriental prov., Mt Halcon, altitude 2050-2600m. 

Pseudacoridium woodianum (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 79; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 284. 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon; Subaan River near San Teodoro). Epiphyte on ridges 

between 1200-2830 m. Fl. Apr, May, Nov. 

Dendrochilum yuccaefolium LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 53; --HAe Pedersen et al., Opera Bot. 

130 (1997) 58; --HAe Pedersen, ibid. 131 (1997) 175, Fig. 83C, 101; Pl. VIIA; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 

111. –Type: Loher 13216 (AMES, holo; iso K). Luzon: Rizal prov., Montalban, Paningtingan. 

LUZON: Rizal (Montalban, based on the type and two other unlocalized collections, Loher 

13951 and 14717). Cootes (2001) also adds Aurora and Quezon provinces in the distribution 

range, reportedly epiphytic at altitudes over 500m. Habitat preferences and altitudinal range 

otherwise not known. Fl. Jan, Sept; known to flower in March from cultivated specimens. 


Dendrochilum sp. aff. cootesii 

LUZON: Aurora. 

Dendrochilum sp. aff. unicallosum 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya

Dendrochilum sp. 

MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (Mt Hamiguitan) 


MINDORO 



Dendrochilum sp. aff. cootesii 


Small flowers and plant. 

Dendrolirium Blume 

Dendrolirium ornatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 345. –Type: 

Eria ornata (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 66; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373. 

Dicerostylis Blume =Hylophila 

Didymoplexis Griffith 

Didymoplexis pallens Griff., Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4 (1844) 383, t. 17; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 267. 

India, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Philippines. LUZON: Pampanga, Rizal, Laguna. 

Didymoplexis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 24; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 268. –Type: 

LUZON: Camarines, PALAWAN, LEYTE. Forest up to 300m altitude. 

Dienia Lindley 

Dienia benguetensis (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; --Crepidium benguetense 

(Ames) Marg., Ann. Bot. Fenn. 39 (2002) 65; --Malaxis benguetensis Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 43; --Ames 


Philippines. 

Dienia ophrydis (Koenig) Seidenf., Contr. Orchid Fl. Thailand 13 (1997)18; --Malaxis ophrydis (Koenig) 

Ormerod in G Seidenf., Descr. Epidendrorum Koenig (1995) 18; --Crepidium ophrydis (Koenig) MA Clem. & 

DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 38; --Epidendrum ophrydis Koenig in AJ Retzius, Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 46. 

–Type: 

Dienia curranii (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; --Malaxis curranii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 

44; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 303. –Type: 

Dienia latifolia (Sm.) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1996) 41; --Malaxis latifolia Sm., in Rees Cycl. 22 (1819) 

no. 3; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 304. 


Diglyphosa Blume 

Diglyphosa elmeri Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1555; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280. –Type: 

Philippines.

Diglyphosa latifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 336. 


Dilochia Lindley 

Dilochia elmeri Ames, in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1554; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 317. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Dilochia wallichii Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. (1830) 38. 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Moluccas. MINDANAO: Davao 

Oriental. 

Diplocaulobium (Reichenbach filius) Kraenzlin 

Diplocaulobium clemensiae (Ames) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 128; --Dendrobium clemensiae 


Philippines. 

Dipodium R Brown 

Dipodium paludosum (Griff.) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1862) 15; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 402; -- 

Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 112; --Grammatophyllum paludosum Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3 (1851) 344. 

Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Albay, Sorsogon, SIBUYAN, PANAY, LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Surigao del Sur. 

Altitude up to 600m. 

Dipodium pictum (Lindl.) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1862) 15; --Wailesia picta Lindl., J. Hort. Soc. London 4 

(1849) 261. –Type: 


Dipodium scandens (Blume) JJ Sm., Orch. Java (1905) 488; --Leopardanthus scandens Blume, Rumphia 4 

(1849) 47. –Type: 


Disperis Swartz 

Revision: 

Kurzweil, H & JC Manning. 2005. A synopsis of the genus Disperis (Orchidaceae). Adansonia sér. 3, 27: 

155-207. 

Disperis neilgherrensis Wight, Icon. Plant. Ind.Orient. 5 (1851) t. 1719; --Kurzweil, Blumea 50 (2005) 145; 

Adansonia sér. 3, 27(2) (2005) 174. 

Disperis philippinensis Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 436; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

260. –Type: Merrill 4215 (AMES*, iso). Luzon: Pampanga prov., Mt Arayat, very scattered among boulders 

on forested slopes, altitude 300-700m, Sept 1905. 

Disperis siamensis Rolfe ex Downie, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1925) 422. 

Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, S China (Hongkong), Taiwan, S Japan, Philippines, Palau, Java, 

Moluccas, Papua New Guinea. 

LUZON: Pampanga, Batangas, Sorsogon. Terrestrial at 300-700m altitude.

Distichorchis MA Clements & DL Jones 

Distichorchis angusta (Quisumb.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 280; --Dendrobium uniflorum var. 

angustum Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 3 (1950) 9. –Type: 

Dendrobium quadrisulcatum JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, II, 25 (1917) 49. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Distichorchis metachilina (Reichb.f.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 281; --Dendrobium metachilinum 

Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222. 

Distichorchis uniflora (Griff.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 282; --Dendrobium uniflorum Griff., Notul. 3 

(1851) 305; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 92. –Type: 

Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Aurora, Zambales, Bataan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, POLILLO, 

SIBUYAN, PANAY, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, LEYTE, SAMAR, BASILAN, MINDANAO: 

Lanao del Sur, Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte, DINAGAT. Epiphytic, often in well-lit sites, 


Possible novelty: 

Distichorchis sp. aff. angusta 

PALAWAN. 

Durabaculum MA Clements & DL Jones =Dendrobium 

Epiblastus Schlechter 

Epiblastus merrillii LO Williams, PJS 71 (1940) 113. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Epicrianthes Blume 

Epicrianthes glebodactyla W Suarez & Cootes, ined. 

Philippines. 

Epicrianthes sp. 

Epicrianthes flavofimbriata sensu Cootes, Orch. Philip. (1999) 112, non (JJ Sm.) Garay & Kittredge (1985). 

LUZON: Aurora. Epiphytic in brightly lit habitat, altitude c. 500m. 


NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Sibulan, altitude c. 800m, PNH 5404 Edaño). 


MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental. 

Pink with darker pink spots, brown-gray petals. 



Dull orange with dense dull pink spots, silvery petals.



Purple-pink with moss-green petals. 

Epigeneium Gagnepain 

Epigeneium acuminatum (Rolfe) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 260; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 113; 

--Katherinea acuminata (Rolfe) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 19 (1956) 94; --Dendrobium acuminatum Rolfe in 

Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 86; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343. –Type: CA Wenzel 47. 

LUZON: Kalinga, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Aurora, Bataan, Rizal, Quezon. 

Epiphytic, altitude 1000-2000m, often in full sun. 

Epigeneium lyonii (Ames) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 263; --Dendrobium lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 

(1908) 177; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351. –Type: Lyon sn. 

LUZON: Bataan. Epiphytic, altitude 660-1100m. 

Epigeneium stella-silvae (Loher & Kraenzl.) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 265; -- Katherinea stellasilvae 

(Loher & Kraenzl.) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 19 (1956) 97; --Dendrobium stella-silvae (Loher & Kraenzl.) 


LUZON: Abra, Mountain Province, Rizal. Forest slope, altitude 1000m. 

Epigeneium treacherianum (Reichb.f ex Hook.f.) Summerh., Kew Bull. 12 (1957) 265; --Katherinea 

treacheriana (Reichb.f. ex Hook.f.) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 19 (1956) 97; --Dendrobium treacherianum Reichb.f. 

ex Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 107 (1881) t. 6591. –Type: 


LUZON: Apayao, Kalinga, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Rizal, MINDORO: Mindoro 

Oriental, SAMAR. Commonly epiphytic, occasionally lithophytic, often in well-lit sites, altitude 

600-1200m. 

Epipactis auct. mal. non Zinn =Goodyera 

Epipogon =Epipogium 

Epipogium Gmelin ex Borkhausen 

Epipogium roseum (D Don) Lindl., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 1 (1857) 177; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 265; -- 

Limodorum roseum D Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 30. 

India, Sri Lanka, Java, New Guinea, Australia and Africa. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Laguna, 

MINDORO, LEYTE, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, MINDANAO: Lanao, Davao. Terrestrial in 

forest, altitude 500-700m. 

Epipogum =Epipogium 

Eria Lindley

Eria javanica (Sw.) Blume, Rumphia 2 (1836) 23; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 369; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 117; --Dendrobium javanicum Sw., Neues J. Bot. 1 (1805) 96. –Type from 

Eria cochleata Lindl., in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) Misc. 14; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. 

Unplaced: 

Eria elisheae O’Byrne, Mal. Orch. Rev. 34 (2000) 51-53. 

Eria elisheae P.O'Byrne -- Malayan Orchid Rev. 34: 52 (51-53, 92; figs.). 2000 

Erythrodes Blume 

Erythrodes boettcheri Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 8; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. –Type: 

LUZON: Kalinga. Altitude 1000m. 

Erythrodes weberi Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 30; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. –Type: 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Lake Lanao), Agusan del Sur (Talacogon), JOLO. Terrestrial in 

shady forest at 10m altitude. In JOLO at 830m altitude. 

Erythrodes wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 31; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. –Type: 

PALAWAN, LEYTE. 

Erythrorchis Blume 

Erythrorchis altissima (Blume) Blume, Rumphia 1 (1837) 200; --Galeola altissima (Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia 

Orchid. 2 (1865) 77; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1(1924) 262; --Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 99; --Cyrtosia 

altissima Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 396. 

Burma, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Cagayan. 

Erythrorchis ochobiensis (Hayata) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 30 (1986) 234; --Galeola 

ochobiensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6 (1916) 87. 


Euanthe Schlechter 

Euanthe sanderiana (Reichb.f) Schltr., Orchideen (1914) 568, Fig. 194; --Vanda sanderiana Reichb.f., 

Gard. 

Chron. ii, 17 (1882) 588; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 430. –Type: 

Vanda sanderiana var. albata Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. III, 2 (1887) 9. 

forma sanderiana 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, North Cotabato, South Cotabato, 

Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur. Epiphytic, to 500m altitude. 

forma froebeliana (Cogn.) W Suarez 

Vanda sanderiana var. froebeliana Cogn., Dict. Icon. Orch. (1903) Vanda t. 12A; --Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 244. 

forma immaculata (Golamco) Cootes, ined. [Austral. Orch. Rev. (2007), in press]; 

Vanda sanderiana var. immaculata Golamco, Waling-waling 10 (2002) 31-34. 

● Vanda sanderiana Rchb.f. var. immaculata Golamco -- Waling-Waling Rev. 10(2): 31 (-34). 2002

forma labello-viridi (Linden & Rodigas) W Suarez 

Vanda sanderiana var. labello-viridi Linden & Rodigas, Lindenia 1 (1885) 85, t. 40; --Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 

244. 

Eulophia R Brown ex Lindley 

Eulophia bicallosa (D Don) PF Hunt & Summerhayes, Kew Bull. 20 (1966) 60; --Ormerod, Taiwania 

49(3) (2004) 176 ; --Bletia bicallosa D Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 30. –Type from Nepal. 

Eulophia merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 104; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 339. –Type: Merrill 5452 

(AMES*, 

holo). Mindanao: Davao Oriental prov., Caraga, open grassy slopes, altitude 100m, 6 Oct 1906 

Eulophia vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 13; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 341. –Type: Vanoverbergh 

336 (AMES, holo). Luzon: Mountain Province, on hillocks, altitude 1350m, 2 Apr 1910. 

India, Nepal, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Timor, Papua New 

Guinea, NE Australia. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, MINDANAO: Bukidnon (Malaybalay, Balsambangan), Davao, 

South Cotabato (Buayan; Nutol). Near sea-level to 1350m. 

Eulophia dentata Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 51; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 339. –Type: 

Extra-Philippine range. 

Eulophia exaltata Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 38; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 176 ; --Bletia stricta C 

Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 (1827) 98 (basionym). --Type from Java. 

Eulophia stricta (C Presl) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 185; --Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 103; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 340, non Rolfe 1897. 

Borneo (Kalimantan), Philippines. 

Eulophia graminea Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 182. 

Eulophia graminea Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 182, 1833 


Eulophia pulchra (Thouars) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 182 (1833). --Eulophidium pulchrum (Thouars) 

Summerh., Bull. Jard. Bot. État 27 (1957) 400; --Oeceoclades pulchra (Thouars) PJ Cribb & MA Clem., 

Austral. Orchid Res. 1 (1989) 99; --Limodorum pulchrum Thouars, Hist. Orchid. (1822) t. 43. 

Eulophia macrostachya Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1833) 133, in Bot. Reg. 23 (1837) t. 1972; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 

1 (1924) 339. 


Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) Suresh, Suresh in DH Nicolson, CRSuresh & KS Manilal, Interpret. Van 

Rheede’s Hort. Malab. (1988) 300; --Wolfia spectabilis Dennst., Schlussel Hortus Malab. (1818) 11, 25, 38. 

Eulophia squalida Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) Misc. 77; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 339. –Type: 

Eulophia macgregorii Ames, PJS 9 c (1914) Bot. 12. –Type: 


Eulophia zollingeri (Reichb.f.) JJ Sm., Orch. Java (1905) 228; --Cyrtopera zollingeri Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 

(1857) 38. 

Eulophia macrorhiza Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 155 (Orch. Arch. Ind. 183) t. 63, Fig. 2, t. 66B; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 339. 

Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Vietnam, SE China, Taiwan, Japan, across Malesia to NE Australia.

Euphlebium (Kraenzlin) Brieger 

Euphlebium balzerianum (Fessel & Lückel) MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009) 26; 

--Dendrobium balzerianum Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 48 (1997) 173; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 68; 

Philippines. 

Euphlebium bicolense (Lubag-Arquiza) MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009) 26; 

--Dendrobium bicolense Lubag-Arquiza, Journ. Orchideefreund Nov. (2006) xxx. 

● Dendrobium bicolense Lubag-Arquiza -- J. Orchideenfr. 13(4): 337 (336-343; figs.). 2006 

Philippines. 

Euphlebium decoratum MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009) 25-26. 

● Euphlebium decoratum M.A.Clem. & Cootes -- Orchideen J. 16(1): 25 (-27; fig.). 2009 [16 Feb 2009] 

Philippines. 

Euphlebium josephinae (Cootes) MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009) 26; 

--Dendrobium josephinae Cootes, Aust. Orch. Rev. 73(4) (2008) 24, figs. 

● Dendrobium josephinae Cootes -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(4): 24 (figs.). 2008 [Aug 2008] 

Philippines. 

Euphlebium orbilobulatum (Fessel & Lückel) MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009) 

26; 

--Dendrobium orbilobulatum Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 47 (1996) A232; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 83. –Type: 

LEYTE. Epiphytic, hanging over water, altitude c. 600m. 

Euphlebium sibuyanense (Lubag-Arquiza) MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009) 26; 

--Dendrobium sibuyanense Lubag-Arquiza, Phil. Agr. Sci. 88 (2005) 4, 484. 

● Dendrobium sibuyanense Lubag-Arquiza, Naranja, Baldos & Sacdalan -- Philipp. Agric. Sci. 88(4): 484 

(-488; fig. 1). 2005 ; nom. inval.; 

Orchid Digest 70(3): 174. 2006 [Jul 2006] 

Philippines. 

Flickeringia AD Hawkes 

Flickingeria candoonense (Ames) Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Ark. 34(1) (1980) 17; --Dendrobium candoonense 


Philippines. 

Flickingeria chrysographata (Ames) Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 452; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 

(1965) 302; --Ephemerantha chrysographata (Ames) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103; -- 

Dendrobium chrysographatum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 119; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 346. 

–Type: 

Philippines. 

Flickingeria comata (Blume) ADHawkes, Orchid Weekly 2(46) (1961) 453; --Ephemerantha comata 

(Blume) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103; --Dendrobium comatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. 

Orchid. Pl. (1830) 76; --Desmotrichum comatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 329. –Type: 

Flickingeria fimbriatolabellum (Hayata) AD Hawkes, Orchid Weekley 2(46) (1961) 454; --Ephemerantha 

fimbriatolabella (Hayata) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 104; --Dendrobium fimbriatolabellum 


Hayata, Icon. Pl. F

Flickingeria convexa (Blume) AD Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2(46) (1961) 453; --Desmotrichum convexum 

Blume, Bijd. (1825) 330. 

Flickingeria eurorum (Ames) AD Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 454; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 

(1965) 303; --Ephemerantha eurora (Ames) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103; --Desmotrichum 

eurorum (Ames) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 125; --Dendrobium eurorum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 


Philippines. 

Flickingeria fimbriata (Blume) AD Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 454; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 

(1965) 303; --Ephemerantha fimbriata (Blume) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 103;.--Dendrobium 

fimbriatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 76, nom. illeg.; --Desmotrichum fimbriatum Blume, 

Bijdr. (1825) 329. 

Dendrobium plicatile Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (1840) Misc. 10; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353. 


Flickingeria interjecta (Ames) AD Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 454; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 

(1965) 304; --Ephemerantha interjecta (Ames) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 104; --Desmotrichum 

interjectum (Ames) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 126; --Dendrobium interjectum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 

(1915) 125; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Flickingeria junctiloba Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 49 (1998) 254. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Flickingeria loheriana (Kraenzl.) W Suarez, ined. 

Dendrobium loherianum Kraenzl., Ann. k. k. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 30 (1916) 62; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350. 

–Type: 

Philippines. 

Flickingeria luxurians (JJ Sm.) AD Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 457; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 

(1965) 305; --Desmotrichum luxurians (JJ Sm.) Carr, Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 7 (1932) 9; --Ephemerantha 

luxurians (JJ Sm.) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 105; --Dendrobium luxurians JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. 

Bot. Buitenzorg, III, 3 (1921) 288. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Flickingeria praetermissa W Suarez & Cootes, Philip. Orch. Rev. 15(2) (2007) 19; --Dendrobium 

forcipatum Ames, ined., non Dendrobium forcipatum JJ Sm., 1920. --Type: Wenzel 65 (AMES, holo). Leyte: 

Leyte prov., Dagami, Puguahaan, 17 May 1913. 

Flickingeria xantholeuca auctt., non (Reichb.f.) AD Hawkes. 

● Flickingeria praetermissa W.Suarez & Cootes -- Philipp. Orchid Rev. 15(2): 19. 2007 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Laguna, Quezon, LEYTE: Leyte (Dagami, Puguahaan), MINDANAO; 

Davao del Sur. Lowland mixed dipterocarp forests, epiphytic on limbs of medium-sized to tall 

trees, in exposed sites, altitude 120- 280m. 

Flickingeria pseudoconvexa (Ames) AD Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 458; Orquídea (Rio de 

Janeiro) 

27 (1965) 306; --Desmotrichum pseudoconvexum (Ames) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 126; -- 

Ephemerantha pseudoconvexa (Ames) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 105; --Dendrobium 

pseudoconvexum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 135; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Flickingeria purpureostelidia (Ames) AD Hawkes, Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 (1965) 306; 

--Desmotrichum purpureostelidium (Ames) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 127; --Ephemerantha 

purpureostelidium (Ames) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 105; --Dendrobium purpureostelidium 

Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 136; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354. –Type:

Flickingeria parietiformis (JJ Sm.) AD Hawkes, Orquídea (Mexico City) 27 (1965) 306. 

Flickingeria scopa (Lindl.) Brieger in Schltr., Orchideen, ed. 3, 1(11-12) (1981) 742; --Desmotrichum 

scopa (Lindl.) Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich, IV, 50 II B 21 (1910) 349; --Ephemerantha scopa (Lindl.) 

PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 106; --Dendrobium scopa Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28 (1842) 

Misc. 55; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 354. –Type: 


Flickingeria unicornis (Ames) AD Hawkes, Orch. Weekly 2 (1961) 459; Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 27 

(1965) 307; --Desmotrichum unicorne (Ames) AD Hawkes, Lloydia 20 (1957) 127; --Ephemerantha unicornis 

(Ames) PF Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 106; --Dendrobium unicorne Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 

140; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357. 

Philippines. 


Flickingeria sp. section Bilobulatae 

Philippines. 

solid pale yellow flowers 

Flickingeria sp. section Parietiformae 

Philippines. 

Galeola Loureiro 

Galeola nudifolia Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2 (1790) 520. 

Galeola pterosperma (Lindl.) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 386; --Vanilla pterosperma Lindl. in Wall., Numer. 

List (1832) 7402. 

Galeola kuhlii Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1865) 78; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 262; --Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 

(1954) 99. 

Sikkim, E Himalayas, Burma, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, and Sumatra. (G. kuhlii). BABUYAN 

ISLS (CAMIGUIN), LUZON: Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, PANAY: Capiz, 

LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Lanao, Davao. Widely distributed common species in the 

Philippines, altitude 75-180m. 

Garayanthus Szlach =Cleisostoma 

Gastrochilus D Don 

Gastrochilus calceolaris (Buch.-Ham. ex JE Sm.) D Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 32; --Aerides 

calceolare Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. in A.Rees, Cycl. 39 (1818) 11. 

Gastrochilus philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 231; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 434. 

Nepal, Sikkim, NE India, China (Yunnan, Guangdong), Indochina, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet 

(Baguio). 

Gastrochilus sororius Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12 (1913) 315. 


Gastrodia R Brown

Gastrodia javanica (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1840) 384; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 268; 

--Epiphanes javanica Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 421. 

In Sri Lanka() and Java. LUZON: Pampanga, Tayabas, MINDORO, PALAWAN, LEYTE, 

MINDANAO: Davao. Terrestrial, apparently more general in mountainous regions. 

Gastrosiphon (Schlechter) MA Clements & DL Jones 

Gastrosiphon ramosianus (J Dransf.) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Orchadian 13(10) (2002) 448. 

Corybas ramosianus J Dransf., Kew Bull. 41 (1986) 611. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Gastrosiphon sp. 


Geodorum Jackson 

Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 259; --Limodorum 

densiflorum Lam., Encycl. 3 (1792) 516. –Type: 

Geodorum nutans (C Presl) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 164; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 341; --Dendrobium 

nutans C Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 34 (1831), nom. illeg. –Type: 


BABUYAN ISLS (DALUPIRI), LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Bataan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, 

Camarines, Sorsogon, POLILLO, PALAWAN, BANCALAN, MASBATE, PANAY: Antique, 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental, BILIRAN, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Bukidnon, Davao. Terrestrial in 

secondary forests and open grasslands and other degraded habitats, altitude 0-300m. 

Glomera Blume 

Glomera merrillii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 419; -- Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320. –Type: 

Goodyera R Brown 

Goodyera clausa (AA Eaton ex Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 392; --Epipactis clausa AA 

Eaton ex Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 41, t. 38; -- Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province (Mt Data), Benguet, Tayabas, NEGROS:Negros Occidental. 

Goodyera elmeri (Ames) Ames, Schedul. Orchid., Corrig. (1938) 37; --Epipactis elmeri Ames, Sched. Orchid. 

6 (1924) 12, Fig. 3; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 271. 

LUZON: Sorsogon. 

Goodyera fumata Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 4 (1861) 314; 

Goodyera fumata Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl.: 314, 1861 


Goodyera luzonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 26; --Epipactis luzonensis (Ames) Ames, in Merr., EPFP 

1 (1924) 271. –Type: 

LUZON: Quezon (Mt Banahaw), altitude c. 2000m. 

Goodyera procera (Ker Gawl.) Hook., Exot. Fl. 1 (1823) t. 39; --Neottia procera Ker Gawl., Bot. Reg. 8

(1822) t. 639. –Type: 

Goodyera philippinensis (Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 392; --Epipactis philippinensis Ames, 

Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 60, text cut; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271. 


LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Zambales, Bataan, Cavite, Laguna, MINDORO. 

Reasonably common in LUZON at 100-1100m altitude 

Goodyera ramosii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) 409; --Epipactis ramosii Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 

14;--in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271. –Type: 

CAMIGUIN. Mossy forest, on dead tree. 

Goodyera rubicunda (Blume) Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 25 (1839) Misc. 61; --Hatusima, Mem. Fac. Agr. 

Kagoshima Univ. 5 (1966) 63; --Epipactis rubicunda (Blume) AA Eaton, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21 (1908) 65; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 271; --Neottia rubicunda Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 408. 

NE India, SW China, Taiwan, Ryukyus, Japan, across Malesia, Solomons, NE Australia, New 

Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa and Tonga. In the Philippines: BATAN, LUZON (Laguna, Sorsogon), 

PANAY (Capiz), NEGROS (Negros Oriental), MINDANAO (Lanao, Cotabato, Davao). Terrestrial 

in damp forest, altitude 110-260m. 

Goodyera viridiflora (Blume) Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 34, pl. 9c Fig. 2; --Epipactis viridiflora (Blume) 

Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 61; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 272. 

Xxxxxx, Java, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Bataan, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, MINDANAO: 

Davao. Epiphyte, up to 2000m altitude in Davao. 

Grammatophyllum Blume 

Grammatophyllum elegans Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1882) xxx. 

Grammatophyllum martae Quisumb. ex Valmayor & Tiu, Philip. Orch. Rev. (1983) xxx 

Grammatophyllum martae Quisumb. ex Valmayor & Tiu, Phil. Orch. Rev. 1983 (endemic) 

Grammatophyllum measuresianum Sander, Gard. & Forest 2 (1889) 524. 

Grammatophyllum measuresianum Sander, Gard. & Forest 2: 524, 1889 (endemic) 

Grammatophyllum multiflorum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) Misc. 46 

forma multiflorum 

Philippines. 

forma citrinum 

Grammatophyllum multiflorum var. tigrinum forma citrinum Hort.; --Grammatophyllum scriptum forma citrinum 

Valmayor & Tiu in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 218. Not validly published: without Latin description or type. 

forma tigrinum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28 (1842) 28. –Type: 

Grammatophyllum multiflorum var. tigrinum (Lindl.) Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya (1964) 531; --Grammatophyllum 

Philippines. 

Grammatophyllum scriptum (L.) Blume, Rumphia 4 (1848) 48; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 399; -- 

Epidendrum scriptum L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1351. –Type: 

var. scriptum 

var. boweri (F Muell.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912) 951; --Grammatophyllum boweri 

F Muell., S. Sci. Rec. 3 (1883) 1.

Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 378, Fig. 20; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 401. – 

Type: 

Grammatophyllum wallisii Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1877) 107. –Type: 

Philippines. 


Grammatophyllum sp. 

MINDORO. Possibly endemic. 

Grastidium Blume 

Grastidium acuminatissimum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 333. –Type: 

Dendrobium acuminatissimum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 86; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 342; 


Grastidium agusanense (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 57; --Dendrobium 

agusanense Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 79; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343. –Type: Elmer 12462 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Altitude 330m. 

Grastidium alagense (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 57; --Dendrobium alagense 

Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 328. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Grastidium aliciae (Ames & Quisumb.) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 58; --Dendrobium 

aliciae Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 443. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Grastidium blanche-amesiae (AD Hawkes & AH Heller) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 

(1997) 64; --Dendrobium blanche-amesiae AD Hawkes & AH Heller, Lloydia 20 (1957) 119. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Grastidium chlorinum MA Clem. & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(1) (2009) 25. 

● Grastidium chlorinum M.A.Clem. & Cootes -- Orchideen J. 16(1): 24 (-25; fig.). 2009 [16 Feb 2009] 

Philippines. 

Grastidium leytense (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 89; --Dendrobium leytense 

Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 126; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 350. –Type: 

LEYTE. Epiphytic in forest, altitude 60-500m. 

Grastidium luzonense (Lindl.) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 89; --Dendrobium luzonense 

Lindl., Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) Misc. 54; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 351. –Type: 

LUZON: Kalinga, Benguet, Sorsogon, CATANDUANES, MINDORO, LEYTE, MINDANAO: 

Lanao, Davao, Agusan. Epiphytic, sea-level to 1300m. Fairly common. 

Grastidium ornithoflorum (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 95; --Dendrobium 

ornithoflorum Ames, Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 60, t. 46; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 352. –Type: FB 4627 

Mearns & Hutchinson. 

MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang). Altitude 1900m. 

Grastidium pergracile (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, Lasianthera 1 (1997) 97; --Dendrobium pergracile 

Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 423; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 353. –Type: MS Clemens 999 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley).

Grastidium verruculosum (Ames) MA Clem. & DL Jones, xxxxx 

Dendrobium verruculosum Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 426; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 357. –Type: Lyon 143 

(AMES*, holo; iso: AMES*). Philippine Islands, no precise locality given, 1909. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte, LEYTE. Epiphytic. 

Not in Cootes’ (2006 & 2008) Checklists. 

Grosourdya Reichenbach filius 

Grosourdya appendiculata (Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1868) 123; --Pteroceras appendiculata 

(Blume) Holttum, Kew Bull. 14 (1960) 269; --Sarcochilus appendiculatus (Blume) JJ Sm. Fl. Buitenz. 6 

(Orch. 

Jav.) (1905) 564; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 406; --Thrixspermum appendiculatum (Blume) Kuntze, 

Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 682; --Dendrocolla appendiculata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 289. –Type: 


Grosourdya muscosa (Rolfe) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 181; --Sarcochilus muscosus 

Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1893) 7. –Type: 


Grosourdya stigmata W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines. 

Grosourdya triperca (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 181; --Sarcochilus tripercus 



Habenaria Willdenow 

Habenaria alagensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 312; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 255. –Type: 

Habenaria luzonensis (Ames) Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1550. –Type : 

LUZON: Quezon, Sorsogon, CATANDUANES, MINDORO, LEYTE, CAMIGUIN. 

Terrestrial, apparently near streams, up to 300m in MINDORO. 

Habenaria aristulifera Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 213; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. 

Habenaria cumingii Kraenzl. & Schltr. in Kraenzl., Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1 (1898) 262. 

LUZON: Rizal, Laguna, ALABAT, MINDANAO: Davao. 

Habenaria boadanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 153; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Boadan). On open slopes at 2000m altitude. 

Habenaria congesta Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 38, text cut; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. 

LUZON (Lepanto), PANAY: Antique, GUIMARAS, BUSUANGA, CULION, MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga, JOLO. Apparently in dry open situations at low altitude. 

Habenaria curranii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 2; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. 

LUZON: Cagayan (Lalloc, edge of forest, altitude 50m). Benguet (Sablan). 

Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 125; --Orchis dentata Sw., 

Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21 (1800) 207.


Habenaria diphylla (Nim.) Dalz. in Hook., J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 2 (1850) 262; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 257; --Liparis diphyllos Nimmo in J Graham, Cat. Pl. Bombay (1839) 252. 

India, Philippines: LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Rizal, Laguna. 

Habenaria falcigera Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1876, publ. 1877) 100; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 257. 

–Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet. 

Habenaria hystrix Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 35; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258. –Type: 

Borneo (Sabah), Philippines. LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Quezon, 

Sorsogon, SIQUIJOR, DUMARAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. A rather widely distributed 

species in the Philippines and fairly common in LUZON at c. 120-300m altitude 

Habenaria intrudens Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 1, Fig. 1; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258. –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet, Bulacan, Rizal. Altitude 90-100m. 

Habenaria leibergii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 34, text cut; -- Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258. –Type: 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Bataan, Rizal. Montane regions. 

Habenaria lingulosa Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 33, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet. Near streams in montane areas, altitude to 1400m. 

Habenaria malintana (Blanco) Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 112; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258; 

--Thelymitra malintana Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 642. –Type: 

● Thelymitra malintana Blanco -- Fl. Filip. [F.M. Blanco] 642. 1837 

In Burma. LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Tarlac, 

Zambales, Bataan, Rizal. A common species in LUZON, in the forest, up to 1300m in Mountain 

Province. 

Habenaria mearnsii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 3; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet (Pauai and Mt Pulag), altitude c. 2300m. 

Habenaria polytricha Rolfe, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 25 (1896) t. 2496. 


Habenaria ponerostachys Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 213; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. –Type: 

LEYTE, NEGROS, CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Cotabato. Terrestrial in forest, 230-1600m altitude. 

Habenaria reticulata Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 154; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. –Type: 

LUZON: Benguet (Mt Pulogloko). Open pine slopes, altitude 2000m. 

Habenaria rhodocheila Hance 

ssp. philippinensis (Ames) Christenson, Lindleyana 7 (1992) 90; --Habenaria militaris var. philippinensis 


MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Cotabato, Davao. Terrestrial in damp soil, altitude 60-1000m. 

Habenaria robinsonii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 5; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. –Type: 

LUZON: Laguna, Batangas, Quezon.

Habenaria rosulata Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 5; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. –Type: 

LUZON: Quezon (Quinatacutan). 

Habenaria rumphii (Brongn.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1835) 320; --Platanthera rumphii Brongn. in LI 

Duperrey, Voy. Monde (1834) 194. 


Habenaria stenopetala Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1835) 319. 

Habenaria delessertiana Kraenzl., Ann. Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 1 (1897) 108; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 257. –Type: 


As H delessertiana: LUZON: Laguna (Calauan), MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley). 

Habenaria vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 15; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province. In wet soil at 1300m altitude. 

Habenaria warburgiana Kraenzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1 (1898) 467; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Mountain Province, Zambales. Up to 1300m altitude in Mountain 

Province. 

Philippines. 

Habenaria zephyrica Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 16; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 259. 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur (Camp Keithley). Terrestrial. 

Herminium Linnaeus 

Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk., Blumea 11 (1961) 228; --Spiranthes lancea (Thunb. ex Sw.) 

Bakh.f. & Steenis, Blumea 6 (1950) 361; --Ophrys lancea Thunb. ex Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 

21 (1800) 223. –Type: 

Herminium angustifolium (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1890) 129; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 

255; --Aceras angustifolium Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 18 (1832) t. 1525. –Type: 

India, China, Japan, Java, Philippines: LUZON: Mountain Province, Lepanto, Benguet. 

Reasonably common in this region, c. 2000-2300m. 

Herpysma Lindley =Kuhlhasseltia 

Hetaeria Blume 

Hetaeria anomala (Lindl.) Reichb.f., Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30 (1874) 142; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 

177 ; --Aetheria anomala Lindl. J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 1 (1857) 185. –Type from India (Assam). 

NE India, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, SE China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines. 

MINDORO: Mindoro Occidental (Mt Sablayan, FB 11031 Merritt, AMES). Newly recorded to the 

Philippines by Ormerod. 

Hetaeria elata Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 116; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 177. –Type from 

Peninsular Malaysia (Perak). 

Sumatra(), Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo (Sabah), C Philippines.

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns, Elmer 10149, AMES). Ormerod states uncertainty in 

the identification of the Philippine material which has poorly preserved immature flowers. 

Hetaeria oblongifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 410; Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 85 (Orch. Arch. Ind. 102), t. 32, Fig. 3; 


In Java, Moluccas Islands, New Guinea, and possibly Samoa. LUZON: Ilocos Norte, Cagayan, 

Benguet, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, MINDORO, PALAWAN, BALABAC, TICAO, NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Lanao. A common and widely distributed species in 

the Philippines. Terrestrial in forest at 30-90m altitude. 

Hippeophyllum Schlechter 

Hippeophyllum wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 413; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 310. 

–Type: 


Hippeophyllum sp. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, possibly endemic. 

Hylophila Lindley 

Hylophila lanceolata (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 3 (1859) 746; --Dicerostylis lanceolata Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. 

(1858) 98 (Orch. Arch. Ind. 116) t. 38, Fig. 1, 1-11; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 272. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines: BATAN: Basco, near Mt Iraya, in mossy forest. 

Hylophila rubra Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 65; --Dicerostylis rubra (Ames) Schltr. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 45 

(1911) 392; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. –Type: 

LUZON: Laguna, MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon), PANAY: Antique, SIBUYAN (Mt 

Giting-giting). Terrestrial, up to 1450m. 

Hymenorchis Schlechter 

Hymenorchis vanoverberghii (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 182; -- 

Saccolabium vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 230; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 432. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Kingidium PF Hunt 

Kingidium philippinense (Ames) O Gruss & Roellke, Orchidee (Hamburg) 46 (1995) 115; --Kingiella 

philippinensis (Ames) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 25 (1917) 197; --Doritis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 235. – 

Type: 

Philippines. 

Kingiella Rolfe non Tieghem =Phalaenopsis 

Kuhlhasseltia JJ Smith 

Kuhlhasseltia whiteheadii (Rendle) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 32; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273; -- 

Zeuxine whiteheadii Rendle, J. Bot. 34 (1896) 358. –Type:

Kuhlhasseltia merrillii (Ames) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 437; --Haemaria merrillii Ames, PJS 2 

c (1907) Bot. 315. –Type : 

LUZON: Laguna (Mt Banahaw), MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Mt Halcon). Terrestrial in 

mossy forest, altitude 1400-2000m. 

Kuhlhasseltia yakushimense (Yamam.) Ormerod, Lindleyana 17 (2002) 209. 


Lecanorchis Blume 

Lecanorchis javanica Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 188; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 264. 

--Type from Java. 

Java, Philippines, New Guinea. LUZON: Laguna, Sorsogon, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Agusan. 

Terrestrial, in damp forest, altitude 150-320m. 

Lepidogyne Blume 

Lepidogyne longifolia (Blume) Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 78 (Orch. Arch. Ind. 94) t. 25; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 272; --Neottia longifolia Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 406. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Java, and New Guinea. NEGROS (Negros Oriental), LEYTE. Terrestrial in 

mountain regions, 500-600m altitude in LEYTE. 

Liparis Richard 

Liparis amesiana Schltr., Fedde Reppert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1911) 210; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 310. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis asinacephala W Suarez & Cootes, Austral. Orch. Rev. 73(4) (2008) 25. –Type: 

● Liparis asinacephala W.Suarez & Cootes -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(4): 25 (figs.). 2008 [Aug 2008] 

Philippines. 

Liparis benguetensis (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Reppert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1911) 210; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 311. --Cestichis benguetensis Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 9. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis bicuspidata JJ Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 45, t. 109-C: 1-2. 


Liparis bontocensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 38; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 311. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis bootanensis Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3 (1851) 278. 

Liparis forbesii Ridl., J. Linn. Soc. 22 (1886) 283; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313. –Type: 


Liparis caespitosa (Thouars) Lindl., Bot. Reg. 11 (1825) sub t. 882; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 311; 

--Malaxis caespitosa Thouars, Hist. Orchid. (1822) t. 90. 


Liparis carnicolor Ormerod, Taiwania 53(2) (2008) 158. 

Philippines 

Liparis clemensiae (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 79; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 312; 

--Cestichis clemensiae Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 666. –Type: 

Not in Cootes 2008 checklist. 

Liparis compressa (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 32; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 312; 

--Malaxis compressa Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 390. –Type: 


Liparis condylobulbon Reichb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 18 (1862) 34. 

Liparis confusa JJ Sm., Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 275; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 312. –Type: 


Liparis cumingii Ridl., J. Linn. Soc. 22 (1886) 292; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 312. –Type: 


Liparis distans CB Clarke, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 25 (1889) 71. –Type: 


Liparis disticha (Thouars) Lindl., Bot. Reg. 11 (1825): t. 882 ; --Malaxis disticha Thouars, Hist. Orchid. 

(1822) t. 89. –Type : 

Liparis propinqua Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 110; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316. –Type: 


Liparis dumaguetensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 312; --Liparis 

elmeri Ames, in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1561, nom. illeg., non Cestichis elmeri Ames (1905). –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis elegans Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 30. 

Liparis stricta JJ Sm., Bull. Dept. Agr. Ind. Neerl. 5 (1907) 3; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316. –Type: 


Liparis elliptica Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 5 (1851) t. 1735; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 177. –Type 

from India (Nilgiri Hills). 

Liparis lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 314; --Cestichis lyonii Ames, PJS 6 c 

(1911) Bot. 47. –Type : B Lyon 155 (AMES*, holo). Luzon : Benguet prov., Baguio. 

Sri Lanka, India, Taiwan, Thailand, Java, N Philippines, New Caledonia, Fiji. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet. 

Liparis elmeri (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Reppert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1911) 210; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313; --Cestichis elmeri Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 10. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Liparis fragilis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313; --Cestichis fragilis Ames, 

PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 412. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Liparis grandis Ames & Schweinf., Orch. 6 (1920) 87. 


Liparis grossa Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 19 (1883) 110. –Type :


Liparis halconensis (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313; -- 

Cestichis halconensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 321. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Liparis jarensis Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 293; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313. –Type: 

Not in Cootes 2008 Checklist. 

Liparis latifolia (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Spec. Orch. Pl. (1830) 30; --Malaxis latifolia Blume Bijdr. (1825) 393, non 

Sm. in Rees Cycl. 22 (1819) no. 3. 


Liparis leytensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 80; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis linearifolia (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313; --Cestichis 

linearifolia Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1563. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Liparis magnicallosa Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 108; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 314. 

Philippines. 

Liparis merrillii (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Reppert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1911) 210; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 314; --Cestichis merrillii Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 11. –Type : 

Philippines. 

Liparis monophylla Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 294; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 314. –Type: 


Liparis negrosiana Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1562; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 314. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 26; --Ophrys nervosa Thunb. in Murray, Syst. 

Veg. ed. 14 (1784) 814. 


Liparis nutans Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 81; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315; --Cestichis nutans Ames, 

PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 597. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis palawanensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 39; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis pallida (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 31; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315; --Malaxis 

pallida Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 391. –Type: 


Liparis parviflora (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 31; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315; 

--Malaxis parviflora Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 392. –Type: 


Liparis pectinata Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22 (1886) 277; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315. –Type:


Liparis philippinensis (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Reppert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch- 

Neu-Guin.) (1911) 210; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 315; --Cestichis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 

1 (1905) 7. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis prava Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 109; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis rizalensis Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 295; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis tricallosa Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 11 (1879) 684; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316. 


Liparis trichoglottis (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu- 

Guin.) (1911) 203; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316; --Cestichis trichoglottis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 

(1908) 139. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Liparis viridicallus Holttum, Gard. Bull. Sing. 14 (1953) 4. 


Liparis viridiflora (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 31; --Malaxis viridiflora Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 

392. –Type: 

Liparis longipes Lindl., in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1 (1830) 31, t. 35; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 313. 


Liparis wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 84; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 316. –Type: 

Not in Cootes 2008 Checklist. 

Liparis wrayi Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1891) 181, 108. 


Insufficiently known: 

Liparis fulgens Rolfe, Gard. Chron. 2 (1889) 620. 


Liparis sp. aff. philippinensis 

(green flowers, endemic) 

Liparis sp. section Coriifoliae 

LUZON: Aurora, Nueva Vizcaya. Possibly endemic. 

Liparis sp. section Distichae 

LUZON: Laguna, possibly endemic. 

Liparis sp. section Liparis 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental. Possibly endemic. 

Excluded taxa:

Liparis cauliflora Merr., LPB 6 (1913) 1960. 

This is Loranthus cauliflorus Merr. (Loranthaceae) in the publication cited. 

Ludisia A Richard 

Ludisia discolor (Ker-Gawl.) Blume, Fl. Javae ns 1 (1858) 95; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 178; -- 

Burma, China, Vietnam, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Anambas Isls, Natuna Isls, Philppines. 

PALAWAN (Brookes Point, BS 81147 Taylor, AMES). 

Goodyera discolor 

Ludisia striata W Suarez and Cootes, ined. 

Philippines. 

Luisia Gaudichaud 

Luisia cordatilabia Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 459. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Luisia foxworthii Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 222, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 426. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Luisia ramosii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 55; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 426. –Type: BS 7970. 

LUZON: Cagayan, Zambales. 

Luisia tristis (G Forst.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 25; --Epidendrum triste G Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr. (1786) 

60. –Type: 

Luisia teretifolia Gaudich. in Freyc. Voy. Uranie et Physic. (1829) Bot. 427, t. 37; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 426. 

–Type: 

Luisia valida Reichb.f., Bonplandia 10 (1862) 335; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 427. –Type: 


Uncertain occurrence in the Philippines: 

Luisia curtisii Seidenf., Contr. Orchid Fl. Thailand 13 (1997) 49. 


Luisia sp. 

LUZON: Zambales. 

Strongly heart-shaped, solid dark purple epichile. 

Macodes (Blume) Lindley 

Macodes petola (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1840) 497; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 275; 

--Neottia petola Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 407. –Type: 

In Peninsular Malaysia and Java. LUZON: Laguna (Mt Makiling), Quezon (Mt Binuang), 

MINDANAO (Agusan). Forest slope, altitude 300m on Mt Binuang. 

Macropodanthus LO Williams

Macropodanthus philippinensis LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 104. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Macropodanthus sp. 

MINDORO. Possibly endemic. 

Macropodanthus sp. (on Jim’s book) 

Malaxis Solander ex Swartz 

Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21 (1800) 234; --Ophrys monophyllos L., 

Sp. Pl. (1753) 947. –Type: 


Malleola JJ Smith & Schlechter 

Malleola baliensis JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. ser. 3, 2 (1920) 118. 

Java, Bali, Philippines. LUZON (E coast) 

Malleola constricta Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 234; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 434. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Malleola eburnea Cootes and W Suarez, Austral. Orch. Rev. 72(3) (2007) 18. –Type: 

● Malleola eburnea W.Suarez & Cootes -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 72(3): 18 (figs.). 2007 [Jun 2007] 

Philippines. 

Malleola lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 235; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 434. –Type: 

Philippines. 


Malleola acutilingua W Suarez, ined. 

Philippines. 

Malleola sp. aff. eburnea 

Philippines. 

Mastigion Garay, Hamer & Siegerist =Bulbophyllum 

Megalotus Garay 

Megalotus bifidus (Lindl.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 185; --Sarcanthus bifidus (Lindl.) 

Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 245; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436; --Saccolabium bifidum Lindl., 

Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24(Misc.) (1838) 3. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Micropera Lindley 

Micropera edanoi Ormerod, Taiwania 53(2) (2008) 159. –Type:

● Micropera edanoi Ormerod -- Taiwania 53(2): 159 (-160; fig. 2). 2008 [Jun 2008] 

Philippines. 

Micropera loheri (LO Williams) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 186; --Camarotis loheri LO 

Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 59. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Micropera philippinensis (Lindl.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 186; --Camarotis 

philippinensis Lindl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 37; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Micropera utriculosa (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 187; --Camarotis utriculosa 


var. utriculosa 

Philippines. 

var. diwata Arquiza, Austral. Orch. Rev. 71 (2006) 6, 39-40. –Type: 

● Micropera utriculosa (Ames) Garay var. diwata Lubag-Arquiza -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 71(6): 39 (-40; 

figs.). 2006 [Dec 2006] 

Philippines. 

Microsaccus Blume 

Microsaccus griffithii (Parish & Reichb.f.) Seidenf., Opera Bot. 95 (1988) 25; --Saccolabium griffithii 

Parish & Reichb.f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30 (1874) 145. 

Microsaccus brevifolius JJ Sm., Icon. Bogor. 3 (1906) 63, t. 225; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442. –Type: 


Microsaccus wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 257; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Microtatorchis Schlechter 

Microtatorchis aristata Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 187. 

*Taeniophyllum bracteatum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1938) 168. –Type: 

Check if M aristata is a nom. nov. 


Microtatorchis compacta (Ames) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 209; --Taeniophyllum 

compactum Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 247, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, NEGROS. Epiphyte up to 1700m in Mountain Province. 

Microtis R Brown 

Microtis unifolia (G Forst.) Reichb.f., Beitr. Syst. Pflanzenk. (1871) 62; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 261; 

--Ophrys unifolia G.Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr. (1786) 59. –Type: 

In Java and Australia. LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet. Grassy slopes up to 1300m 

altitude in Mountain Province.

Mycaranthes Blume 

Mycaranthes anceps (Leavitt) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria anceps 

Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 219, 237, Fig. 18; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 364. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes candoonensis (Ames) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria 

candoonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 101; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes citrina (Ridl.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 94 (1983) 455; --Eria citrina 

Ridl., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1924) 204. –Type: 


Mycaranthes clemensiae (Leavitt) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria 

Philippines. 

clemensiae Leavit 

Mycaranthes davaensis (Ames) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria 

davaensis 

Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1575; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 367. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes gigantea (Ames) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria gigantea 

Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 192, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 368; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. 

(2001) 117. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes lamellata (Ames) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria lamellata Ames in Elmer, LP 

sheets*, syntypes). Mindanao: Davao, Mt Apo, Sept 1909. 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes leonardoi Ferreras & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes longibracteata (Leavitt) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria 

longibracteata Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 219, 238, Fig. 19; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 371. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes major (Ridl. ex Stapf) Cootes & W Suarez, ined. [Austral. Orch. Rev. (2008), in press]; -- 

Eria major Ridl. ex Stapf, Trans. Linn. Soc. ii, 4 (1894) 237, in syn.; --Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 218, 239; 

--Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 155; 6 (1920) 131; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 371; 

MINDANAO: Misamis Occidental (Mt Malindang). Altitude 1750m. 

Mycaranthes mindanaensis (Ames) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria 

mindanaensis Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1577; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes vanoverberghii (Ames) Cootes & W Suarez, Austr. Orch. Rev. 73 (2008) 3, 22; --Eria 

vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 20; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Mycaranthes sp. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental, long, pendent inflorescences.

Myrmechis Blume 

Myrmechis gracilis (Blume) Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 64 (Orch. Arch. Ind. 77), t. 21, Fig. 2; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 277; --Anoectochilus gracilis Blume, Bijdr. (1925) 413. –Type: 

In Java and Japan. LUZON: Benguet, Bataan, MINDORO, MINDANAO: Misamis, Bukidnon, 

Davao. In mountain regions, up to 2100m altitude in Benguet, and 3300m altitude in 

MINDANAO. 

Myrmechis perpusilla Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 15; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 277. –Type: 


Myrmechis philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 64, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 277. 

–Type: 

LUZON: Bataan (Mt Mariveles). Terrestrial at 800m altitude. 

Nephylaphyllum Blume 

Nephylaphyllum mindorense Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 316; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280. –Type: 

Tainia mindorensis (Ames) Gagnep., Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., II, 4 (1932) 706. 

LUZON: Nueva Ecija, MINDORO. Terrestrial on dry slopes and in humid forest, altitude 200- 

300m. 

Nephylaphyllum pulchrum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 373. –Type: 



Nephelaphyllum sp. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental 

Nervilia Commerson ex Gaudichaud 

Nervilia aragoana Gaudich., in Freycinet. Voy. Uranie et Physic. Bot. (1829) 422, t. 35; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 

1 (1924) 265. –Type: 

India, Burma, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Sumatra, and New Guinea, and said to extend to 

Samoa. LUZON: Zambales, Rizal, Laguna, MINDANAO: Lanao. Terrestrial, in forest. 

Nervilia aragoana Gaud., Voy. Uranie: 422, 1829 

Nervilia crocoformis (Zoll. & Moritzi) Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (1978) 151; --Bolborchis crociformis 

Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. (1846) 89. –Type: 

Nervilia crispata (Blume) Schltr., in K Schum. & Lauterb., Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. (1905) 82, in nota, in Engl., 

Bot. Jahrb. Guin.) (1911) 38; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 266; --Pogonia crispata Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. 

Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1849) 32. –Type: 

In Java and German New Guinea. PALAWAN: Taytay. in forests in dry slopes. 

Nervilia dilatata (Blume) Schltr., in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 402; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

266; --Pogonia dilatata Blume, Coll. Orchid. (1858) t. 10. –Type: 

In Borneo. LUZON (Benguet), BANCALAN. Grassy hillsides, c. 1600m altitude.

Nervilia plicata (Andrews) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 403; --Arethusa plicata Andrews, Bot. Repos. 

5 (1803) 321. –Type: 

Nervilia discolor (Blume) Schltr., in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 45 (1911) 403; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 267; --Cordyla 

discolor Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 416. –Type: 

As N discolor: In Java. LUZON (Mountain Province, Laguna, Batangas), PANAY (Antique), 

MINDANAO (Davao). Grassy hillsides, 350-1240m altitude. 

Philippine occurrence doubtful, though certainly not improbable. 

Nervilia pudica (Ames) xxxx 

Pogonia pudica Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 44, text cut. 

Neuwiedia Blume 

Neuwiedia veratrifolia Blume in Hoov. & de Vriese, Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. 1 (1834) 142; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 252; --Holttum, Rev. Fl. Malaya 1 (1954) 64. 

Sumatra to the Philippines. 

Oberonia Lindley 

Oberonia aporophylla Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 223; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 307. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia basilanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 72; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 307. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia benguetensis Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 8; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 307. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia cylindrica Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (1840) Misc. 20; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 308. 

–Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia elmeri Ames, in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1564; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 308. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia hispidula Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 8; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 308. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia leytensis Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 291, t. 98; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 308. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia lipensis Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 114; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 308. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia luzonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 74; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia lycopodioides (Koenig) Ormerod, Opera Bot. 124 (1995) 21; --Epidendrum lycopodioides 

Koenig in Retz., Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 55. –Type: 

Oberonia anceps Lindl., Sert. Orch. (1838) sub t. 8; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 307. 

Oberonia ancipita Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13A (1880) 230.

Oberonia macgregorii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 321; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia merrillii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 9; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia mindorensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 322; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia minima Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 75; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia minutissima Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 115; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia monstruosa (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 17; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309; 

--Malaxis monstruosa Blume, Bijdr. (1826) 895. –Type: 


Oberonia mucronata (D Don) Ormerod & Seidenf. in G.Seidenf., Contr. Orchid Fl. Thailand 13 (1997) 

20; 

--Stelis mucronata D Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 32. 

Oberonia denticulata var. iridifolia (Roxb.) S Misra, J. Orchid Soc. India 3 (1989) 69; --Oberonia iridifolia (Roxb.) Lindl. 

in Wall. Cat. (1828) no. 1948, pro parte, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 15; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

308; 

--Cymbidium iridifolium Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3 (1832) 458. 


Oberonia obesa Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 76; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia reilloi Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 40; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia rufilabris Lindl., Sertum Orchidearum (1838) t. 8A. 


Oberonia setigera Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 10; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia surigaensis Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 292; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 309. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia thisbe Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 223; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 310. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia toppingii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913, publ. 1914) Bot. 413; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 310. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oberonia wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 77; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 310. –Type: 

Philippines.

Octarrhena Thwaites 

Octarrhena amesiana Schltr., Fedde Repert. 9 Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. (1911) 439; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 392. –Type: 

Octarrhena elmeri (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 192; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 392; -- 

Phreatia elmeri Ames, LPB 5 (1912) 1581. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Octarrhena ensifolia (Ames) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 217; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 392; --Phreatia ensifolia Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 202. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Octarrhena gemmifera Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 193; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 393. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Octarrhena parvula Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. (1861) 305. –Type from xxxxxxx 


Omoea Blume 

Omoea philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 232; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 434. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Oncidium Swartz -C 

Orchipedum Breda, Kuhl & Hasselt 

Orchipedum wenzelii (Ames) JJ Sm., Blumea 1 (1934) 214; --Philippinaea wenzelii (Ames) Ames & Schltr. 

in Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 278, t. 100; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 275; --Adenostylis wenzelii Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 41. –Syntypes: 

LUZON: Benguet (Baguio), Isabela (Palanan). 

Osyricera Blume =Bulbophyllum 

Oxystophyllum Blume 

Oxystophyllum cultratum (Schltr.) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 277; --Aporum cultratum (Schltr.) Rauschert, Feddes 

Repert. 10 (1911) 71; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 347; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 74. –Type: 

Burma, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Papua New Guinea. 

LUZON: Apayao, Kalinga, Ifugao, Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Rizal, POLILLO, CULION, 

PANAY, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, SIBUTU, BASILAN, MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga, Bukidnon, Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Norte. Epiphytic, up to 1000m. 

Oxystophyllum elmeri (Ames) MA Clem., Telopea 10(1) (2003) 277; --Dendrobium elmeri Ames in Elmer, 

LPB 5 (1912) 1573; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 348. –Type: 

Philippines.

Pachystoma Blume 

Pachystoma pubescens Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 376, t. 3, Fig. 29; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 338. 


Paphiopedilum Pfitzer 

Paphiopedilum acmodontum Schoser ex MW Wood, Orchid Rev. 84 (1976) 350. –Type: 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns). Terrestrial, altitude to c. 1000m. 

Paphiopedilum adductum Asher, Orchid Digest 47 (1983) 224. –Type: 

MINDANAO: Davao Oriental (Mt Hamiguitan). Epiphytic, 1250-1350m. 

Paphiopedilum adductum Asher, Orchid Digest 47: 224, 1983 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum anitum Golamco, Waling-Waling Rev. 6 (1998) 10. –Type: 

Paphiopedilum adductum var. anitum (Golamco) Koop., Orchid Digest 64 (2000) 157. 

Paphiopedilum anitum Golamco, Waling-Waling Rev. 6(2): 10, 1998 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum argus (Reichb.f) Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 453; --Cordula argus (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orch. 

Rev. 20 (1912) 2; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 253; --Cypripedium argus Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1873) 

608. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Quezon, NEGROS: Negros Oriental, BOHOL. Grassy 

slopes, altitude 600-2200m. 

Paphiopedilum argus (Reichb. f.) Stein, Orchid.-Buch: 453, 1892 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum argus fma. moensii (Linden) W Suarez 

Paphiopedilum argus var. parnatanum (Cavestro) W Suarez 

Paphiopedilum barbatum Pfitzer, Pringsh. Jahrb. 19 (1888) 159. –Type: 

Cordula barbata (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 20 (1912) 2; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 253 

Peninsular Malaysia and Western Thailand. PALAWAN: Mt Victoria, forest on ultramafics, 930- 

1000m altitude. 

Not in Cootes’ (2006 & 2008) Checklists 

Paphiopedilum ciliolare (Reichb.f) Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 462, Fig. 145; --Paphiopedilum superbiens 

subsp. ciliolare (Reichb.f) MW Wood, Bot. Mag. 183 (1981) 52; --Cordula ciliolaris (Reichb.f.) Rolfe, Orch. 

Rev. 20 (1912) 2; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 254; --Cypripedium ciliolare Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1882) 

(2) 488. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, 

Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, DINAGAT. Terrestrial, usually at the bases of shrubs, 


Paphiopedilum ciliolare (Reichb. f.) Stein, Orchid.-Buch: 462, 1892 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum fowliei Birk, Orchid Digest 45 (1981) 63. –Type: 

Paphiopedilum hennisianum var. fowliei (Birk) PJ Cribb, Genus Paphiopedilum (1987) 190. 

Paphiopedilum fowliei forma christianae Braem, Orchidées Cult. Protect. 36 (1998) 36. 

Paphiopedilum fowliei forma sangianum (Braem) O Gruss & Roeth, Caesiana 12 (1999) 60; --Paphiopedilum fowliei 

var. sangianum Braem, Schlechteriana 4 (1993) 52. –Type: 

PALAWAN. Terrestrial at medium elevation of c. 700m. 

Paphiopedilum fowliei Birk, Orchid Digest 45: 63, 1981 (endemic) 

*Paphiopedilum fowliei fma. christianae Braem, Orch. Cult. Protect. 36: 36, 1998 (endemic)

Paphiopedilum haynaldianum (Reichb.f) Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 470; --Cordula haynaldiana 

Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1874) 222. –Type: 

Paphiopedilum haynaldianum forma album Asher ex O Gruss & Roeth, Orchidee (Hamburg) 51 (xxxx) 749 

LUZON: Apayao, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Benguet, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Rizal, NEGROS: 

Negros Occidental, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur. Usually lithophytic and 

frequently epiphytic, near sea level to 1500m altitude. 

Paphiopedilum haynaldianum (Reichb. f.) Stein, Orchid.-Buch: 470, 1892 (endemic) 

*Paphiopedilum haynaldianum fma. album Asher ex Braem, The Genus Paphiopedilum-Nat. Hist. Cult. 1, 1998 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum haynaldianum var. laurae Golamco, Waling-waling Rev., 10: 1, 36-39, 2002 (endemic) 

(Reichb.f) Rolfe, O 

Paphiopedilum hennisianum (MW Wood) Fowlie, Orchid Digest 41 (1977) 60; --Paphiopedilum 

barbatum var. hennisianum MW Wood, Orchid Rev. 84 (1976) 352. –Type: 

Paphiopedilum hennisianum forma christiansenii (Gruss & Röth) Gruss & Röth, Caesiana 12 (1999) 59; 

--Paphiopedilum hennisianum var. christiansenii O Gruss & Roeth, Orchidee (Hamburg) 47 (1996) 236. 

–Type: 

MINDANAO: Bukidnon. Terrestrial, altitude c. 500m. 

Paphiopedilum hennisianum (M.W. Wood) Fowlie, Orchid Digest 41: 60, 1977 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum hennisianum fma. christiansenii (O. Gruss & Roeth) O. Gruss & Roeth, Caesiana 12: 59, 1999 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum x mindanaense Golamco (P. anitum x P. superbiens) (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum philippinense (Reichb.f) Stein, Orchideenb. (1892) 480; --Cordula philippinensis 

(Reichb.f) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 20 (1912) 2; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 254; --Cypripedium philippinense 

Reichb.f., Bonplandia 10 (1862) 335. –Type: 

Paphiopedilum philippinense forma album Valmayor & D.Tiu in HL Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 262, nom. 

inval. 

Paphiopedilum philippinense (Reichb. f.) Stein, Orchid.-Buch: 480, 1892 

var. philippinense 

Borneo (Sabah and adjacent N Isls), Philippines. S LUZON, PALAWAN (APULIT IS.), 

NEGROS: Negros Occidental, CEBU, BOHOL, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Surigao del 

Norte. Terrestrial, up to 500m, in fairly brightly-lit sites. 

Paphiopedilum philippinense forma alboflavum O Gruss, Orchidee 51, 354, 2000 

Paphiopedilum philippinense (Rchb.f.) Stein var. compactum O.Gruss, Roellke & 

Roeth -- Orchidee (Hamburg) 59(3-4): 318 (316-318; figs.). 2008 [Aug 2008] 

var. roebbelenii (Veitch) PJ Cribb, Genus Paphiopedilum (1987) 100; --Cypripedium roebbelenii (Veitch) 

Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. 1883(2) 684; --Paphiopedilum roebbelenii (Veitch) Pfitzer, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19 (1894) 

41. --Cypripedium philippinense var. roebbelenii Veitch, Man. Orchid. Pl. 4 (1881) 42. –Type: 

LUZON: Rizal. 

Paphiopedilum philippinense var. roebelenii (H.J. Veitch) P.J. Cribb, The Genus Paphiopedilum 100, 1987 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum randsii Fowlie Orchid Digest 33 (1969) 321. –Type: 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur. Epiphytic, 

low altitudes to c. 500m. 

Paphiopedilum superbiens (Reichb.f.) Stein, Orchid.-Buch. (1892) 487. 

Paphiopedilum urbanianum Fowlie, Orchid Digest 45 (1981) 131. –Type:

forma urbanianum 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental. Terrestrial in fairly shaded sites, altitude 500-800m. 

forma alboviride Braem, Orchidées Cult. Protect. 36 (1998) 36. 

*Paphiopedilum urbanianum fma. alboviride Braem, Orch. Cult. Protect. 36: 36, 1998 (endemic) 

Paphiopedilum usitatum O Gruss & J Roeth, Orchidee (Hamburg) 50 (1999) 4. 

Paphiopedilum parnatanum Cavestro, Orchidées Cult. Protect., reimpr., 38 (1999) 30. 

(As P. Parnatanum): LUZON: Tarlac. Terrestrial among mosses and grasses, altitude c. 700m. 


Paphiopedilum × expansum JT Atwood, Orchid Rev. 97(1148): 183 (1989). 

= P. hennisianum × P. philippinense. 

Philippines 

Parapteroceras Averyanov =Tuberolabium 

Pedilonum (Blume) Blume 

Pedilonum amethystoglossum (Reichb.f.) MA Clem, xxxxx. 

Dendrobium amythystoglossum Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1872) 109; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 343; --Cootes, 


LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphytic, usually in 

brightly-lit sites, altitude over 1000m. 

Pedilonum bursigerum (Lindl.) Rausch., Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 458; --Dendrobium bursigerum Lindl., 

J. 

Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 16. –Type: 

Dendrobium secundum Wall., Cat. (1828) No. 1996, nomen; --Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 15 (1829) t. 1291; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 355; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 89. –Type: 

Himalayas, Burma, Thailand, Indochina, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, 

LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, NEGROS: Negros Occidental, 

MINDANAO: Lanao del Sur, Davao del Sur, Agusan del Note, Surigao. Epiphytic, altitude up to 

500m. 

Pedilonum nebularum (Schltr.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 94 (1983) 461; 

--Dendrobium nebularum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912) 540. –Type: 


Pennilabium JJ Smith 

Pennilabium confusum (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 189; --Saccolabium 

confusum Ames, 


Pennilabium luzonense (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 189; --Saccolabium 

luzonense Ames, 


Peristylus Blume

Peristylus copelandii (Ames) Carr., Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 8 (1935) 168; --Habenaria copelandii Ames, 

Orch. 2 (1908) 29, text cut; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. –Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, PANAY, 

CULION, CORON. Altitude 15-1250m altitude. 

Peristylus goodyerioides (D Don) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1835) 299; --Habenaria goodyeroides D 

Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 25; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 257. –Type: 

India (Assam), Andaman Isls, Burma, Yunnan, Taiwan, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines, 

New Guinea. LUZON: La Union, Mountain Province, Benguet, Bataan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, 

PANAY: Antique, MINDANAO: Lanao, Bukidnon. A fairly common species in the Philippines, 

especially on LUZON, up to 1300m altitude in Mountain Province. 

Peristylus lacertifer (Lindl.) JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, III, 9 (19xx) 23; --Coeloglossum lacertiferum 

Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1835) 302. –Type: 

Peristylus monticola (Ridl.) Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Ark. 31, 3 (1977) 35, Fig. 13; --Habenaria monticola Ridl., 

J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 413. –Type: 

Habenaria bisaeta Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 30, text cut; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 256. –Type: 

Habenaria biloba (Rolfe) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21 (1925) 121; --Peristylus bilobus Rolfe, Bull. Misc. 

Inform. Kew (1899) 132. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet. Terrestrial in mountain regions at about 1300-2300m 

altitude. 

Phaius Loureiro 

Phaius amboinensis Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 180; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 178. – 

Type from Ambon. 

Philippines, Ambon, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Isls, Palau, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, 

Samoa, Cook Isls, Tahiti. 

NEGROS: Negros Oriental (Cuernos Mtns, Lake Balinsasayao), JOLO (Mt Dajo). Altitude 610- 

975m. 

Phaius borneensis JJ Sm., Icon. Bogor. 2 (1903) 6, t. 3, Fig. C; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 178. 

–Type from Borneo (Kalimantan). 

Borneo (Sabah; Kalimantan), Philippines. 

PALAWAN (Penigsan, S Olsen 257, C). 

Phaius flavus (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1831) 128; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 331; --Ormerod, 

Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 179 ; --Limodorum flavum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 375. –Type from Java. 

Phaius linearifolius Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 10; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 331. –Type: Vanoverbergh 1288 

(AMES*, holo; iso in AMES 2 sheets*; L*, NY 2 sheets*, US*). Luzon: Mountain Province, growing in brooks, 

altitude 1650m, 28 Jun 1911. 

India, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, 

Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Samoa. 

Phaius fragilis LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 102. 

Phaius lyonii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 94; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 332. 

Phaius mindorensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 324; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 332. 

Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. & Paxton) Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 43; --Limatodis mishmensis 

Lindl. & Paxton, Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 3 (1852) 36.

Phaius philippinensis NE Br., Gard. Chron. iii, 6 (1889) 239; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 3 (1924) 332. –Type: 

Phaius tankervilleae (Banks ex L’Herit.) Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 177; --Limodorum 

tankervilleae Banks ex L’Hér., Sert. Angl. (1789) 28. 

Phaius terrestris (L.) Ormerod, Austral. Orchid Rev. 59 (1994) 14; --Geodorum terrestre (L.) Garay, Harvard 

Pap. Bot. 2 (1997) 47; --Epidendrum terrestre L., Syst. Nat. ed. 2, 10 (1759) 1246. 

Phajus =Phaius 

Phalaenopsis Blume 

Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 294, Fig. 44; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 410; --HR 

Sweet, Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 38 (1969) 683; --Epidendrum amabile L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 953. –Type from Java. 

Australia (Queensland), New Guinea, Seram, Moluccas, Ambon, Buru, Timor, Kei, Sulawesi, 

Philippines, Borneo, Java, Menatawai Isls (off Sumatra). PALAWAN, BALABAC, LAMBUNGAN, 

BANCALAN, JOLO, TAWI-TAWI. 

Phalaenopsis aphrodite Reichb.f., Hamburger Garten-Blumenzeitung 18 (1862) 35. 

Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite (Reichb.f.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 226; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

411. 

Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite subvar. dayana (Hort. ex Warner & Will.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 227; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 412. 

Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite subvar. erubescens (Burb.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 227; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 412. 

Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite subvar. gloriosa (Reichb.f.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 227; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 412. 

Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite subvar. sanderiana forma punctata (O’Brien) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 229; 


Phalaenopsis bastianii Gruss & Röllke, Orchidee (Hamburg) 42 (1991) 76. 

Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi (Breda) Blume & Reichb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 16 (1860) 

116; --Polychilos cornu-cervi Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep. (1827): t. s.n. –Type: 

Phalaenopsis deliciosa Reichb.f., Bonplandia 2 (1854) 93 ; --Kingidium deliciosum (Reichb.f.) HR Sweet, 

Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 39 (1970) 1095. 

Phalaenopsis equestris (Schauer) Reichb.f., Linnaea 22 (1849) 864; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

413; 

--Stauroglottis equestris Schauer, Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1 (1843) 

432 . 

–Type: 

Phalaenopsis rosea Lindl., Gard. Chron. (1848) 671. 

Phalaenopsis equestris var. rosea Valmayor & D Tiu in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 270 (1984), nom. inval. 

Phalaenopsis equestris forma aurea Christenson, Phalaenopsis (2001) 245. 

Phalaenopsis equestris forma cyanochila O Gruss, Orchidee 52 (2001) 749. 

Phalaenopsis equestris var. alba (Hort.) Sweet, Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 36 (1967) 143. 

Phalaenopsis equestris var. leucaspis Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 15 (1881) 688; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 414. 

Phalaenopsis equestris var. leucotanthe Reichb.f., l’Orchidoph. 3 (1883) 490; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 414. 

Phalaenopsis fasciata Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 18 (1882) 134; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 414. – 

Type: 

Polychilos fasciata (Reichb.f.) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 23. 

Phalaenopsis fasciata var. flava Valmayor & Tiu, in Valmayor, Orchid. Philip. 1 (1984) 270, nom. inval. 

LUZON: Bataan, Albay, Sorsogon, BOHOL, MINDANAO: Davao del Sur. Epiphyte, to 300m.

Phalaenopsis fuscata Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 2 (1874) 6; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 414; -- 

Polychilos fuscata (Reichb.f.) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 28. 

Phalaenopsis hieroglyphica (Reichb.f) HR Sweet, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 38 (1969) 36; --Polychilos 

hieroglyphica (Reichb.f.) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 23; --Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana var. 

hieroglyphica Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. iii, 2 (1877) 586; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 415. –Type: 

POLILLO, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur. Epiphyte in deep 

shade, to 500m. 

Phalaenopsis lindenii Loher, J. des Orch. 6 (1895) 103; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 414. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija. Epiphyte, 

altitude1000-1500m. 

Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana Reichb.f., Bot. Zeit. 23 (1865) 146; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 414. 

Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana var. delicata Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (March 1865) 434; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 415. 

Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana var. ochracea Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1865) 438; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

415. 

LUZON: Apayao, Kalinga, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Bataan, Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, 

Laguna, Camarines Norte, Sorsogon, POLILLO, PALAWAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Lanao del 

Norte, Lanao del Sur, Bukidnon, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, Agusan del 

Norte, Agusan del Sur. Epiphyte, to 500m. 

Phalaenopsis mariae Burb. ex R Warner & H Williams, Orch. Album 2 (1883) t. 80 et sub t. 87; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 415; --HR Sweet, Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 38 (1969) 228, f. 31, 32, 35, 35a. –Type: 

FW Burbridge s.n. (BM, W). Jolo: Bunt-Doohan, altitude 2000 ft. 

Polychilos mariae (Burbridge ex R Warner & H Williams) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 25. 

Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, MINDANAO: Lanao, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, 

JOLO. Up to 700m altitude in Cotabato. 

Phalaenopsis micholitzii Rolfe, Gard. Chron. iii, 8 (1890) 187; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 415. –Type: 

Polychilos micholitzii (Rolfe) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 25. 

LUZON: Camarines Sur, MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur. Epiphyte, to 

400m. 

Phalaenopsis pallens (Lindl.) Reichb.f. in Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1864) 932; --Trichoglottis pallens Lindl., 

J. Hort. Soc. London 5 (1850) 34. –Type: 

Phalaenopsis pallens foma alba (Ames & Quisumb.) Christenson, Phalaenopsis (2001) 152; --Phalaenopsis mariae 

var. alba Ames & Quisumb., PJS 56 (1935) 461. –Type: 

Phalaenopsis pallens var. trullifera Sweet, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 38 (1969) 227, f. 30. –Type: Whitford 1097 

(AMES). Luzon: Bataan prov., Mt Mariveles, Lamao River. Feb. 1905. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Bataan (Mt Mariveles), Bulacan, Rizal, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: 

Bukidnon. Epiphyte, to 500m. 

Phalaenopsis philippinensis Golamco ex Fowlie & CZ Tang, Orchid Digest 51 (1987) 92. 

Phalaenopsis pulchra (Reichb.f.) HR Sweet, Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 37 (1968) 1102; --Phalaenopsis 

lueddemanniana var. pulchra Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 4 (1875) 36; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 415. 

–Type: 

Polychilos pulchra (Reichb.f.) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 26. 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, LEYTE. Epiphyte, to 500m. 

Phalaenopsis reichenbachiana Reichb.f. & Sander, Gard. Chron. ii, 18 (1882) 586; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 416. –Type: 

Polychilos reichenbachiana (Reichb.f. & Sander) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 26.

Phalaenopsis sanderiana Reichb.f., Flora 63 (1882) 466. 

Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite subvar. sanderiana (Reichb.f) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 228; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 412. 

Phalaenopsis sanderiana var. alba (Veitch) Stein, 

Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite subvar. sanderiana forma alba (Veitch) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 228; 


Phalaenopsis amabilis var. aphrodite subvar. sanderiana forma marmorata (Reichb.f) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 

228; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 413; -- Phalaenopsis sanderiana var. marmorata Reichb.f., Gard. 

Chron., ii, 20 (1883) 812. 

MINDANAO: Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, Lanao del Sur, South Cotabato, 

Davao del Sur. Epiphytic, to 500m. 

Phalaenopsis schilleriana Reichb.f., Hamburger Garten-Blumen Zeitung 16 (1860) 115, 116; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 416. –Type: 

Phalaenopsis schilleriana var. pallida Valmayor & Tiu, 

Phalaenopsis schilleriana var. purpurea O’ Brien, Gard. Chron., III, 11 (1892) 105; Hort. ex Rolfe, J. des Orch. 2 


Phalaenopsis schilleriana var. splendens R.Warner, Select Orchid. Pl., III, (1878) t. 5; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 

417. 

forma schilleriana 

LUZON: Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Albay, Sorsogon, MARINDUQUE, BILIRAN. Epiphyte, altitude 

to 800m. (Distribution for all forms of P schilleriana) 

forma immaculata (Reichb.f.) Christenson, Phalaenopsis (2001) 211; --Phalaenopsis schilleriana var. 

immaculata Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 3 (1875) 429; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 416. –Type: 

Phalaenopsis stuartiana Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 16 (1881) 748, 753, Fig. 149; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 417. 

Phalaenopsis stuartiana var. bella Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., III, 3 (1888) 200. 

MINDANAO: Misamis Oriental, Bukidnon, Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Surigao del Norte, 

Surigao del Sur. Epiphytic at low altitudes to 300m. 

forma nobilis Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 16 (1881) 748; --Phalaenopsis stuartiana var. nobilis Reichb.f., 

Gard. Chron., n.s., 16 (1881) 748. 

forma punctatissima (Reichb.f.) Christenson, Phalaenopsis (2001) 215; --Phalaenopsis stuartiana var. 

punctatissima Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 17 (1882) 44. 

Phalaenopsis sumatrana Korth. & Reichb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 16 (1860) 115. --Type: 

Polychilos sumatrana (Korth. & Reichb.f.) Shim, Malayan Nat. J. 36 (1982) 26. 

Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines. 

PALAWAN. Epiphyte, altitude 700m. 

------------ 

Natural hybrids: 

Phalaenopsis × amphitrita O’Brien, Gard. Chron. (1892) 619. 

= P. sanderiana × P. stuartiana. 

Phalaenopsis x intermedia Lindl., Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 3 (1852) 162. 

= P. aphrodite × P. equestris. 

Phalaenopsis x leucorrhoda Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 3 (March 1875) 301, 366; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 414.

= P. aphrodite × P. schilleriana. 

Phalaenopsis x veitchiana Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1872) 935; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 417. 

= P. equestris × P. schilleriana. 

Phalaenopsis × gertrudeae Quisumb., PJS 76 (1941) 81. 

Phalaenopsis × virataii Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 6 (1956) 4. 

------ 

Not in Cootes’ (2006) Checklist 

Status 

Phalaenopsis boxallii Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 19 (1883) 274; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 413. 

Phalaenopsis x intermedia var. diezii (Corvera) Quisumb., 

Phalaenopsis schilleriana var. advena Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 23 (1885) 174; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 416. 

Phalaenopsis schilleriana var. major Rolfe, Gard. Chron. ii, 26 (1886) 212; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

416. 

Phalaenopsis schilleriana var. vestalis Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 17 (1882) 330; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 417. 

Phalaenopsis schilleriana-stuartiana Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 8 (1900) 94, 113, Fig. 18; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 417. 

According to Ames, l.c. “Said to be a natural hybrid of Philippine origin”. 

Philippinaea Ames & Schlechter =Orchipedum 

Pholidota Lindley 

Pholidota articulata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 38. 

Pholidota carnea (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 37; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 300; 

--Crinonia carnea Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 339. 

Pholidota imbricata Lindl. in Hook., Exot. Fl. 2 (1825) t. 138; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 300. 

Pholidota ventricosa (Blume) Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 43; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 301; 

--Chelonanthera ventricosa Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 384. –Type: 

Phragmorchis LO Williams 

Phragmorchis teretifolia LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 53. 

Phreatia Lindl. 

Phreatia amesii Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich iv. 50 (50) (1911) 16; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 395. 

–Type: 

Octarrhena amesii (Kraenzl.) PF Hunt, Kew Bull. 24 (1970) 95. 

Phreatia aristulifera Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 199, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 395. –Type:

Phreatia caulescens Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 200. –Type: 

Octarrhena caulescens (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 192; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 392. 

Phreatia densiflora (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 64; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 395. 

--Dendrolirium densiflorum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 343. –Type: 

Phreatia infundibuliformis Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 20; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 396. –Type: 

Phreatia luzoniensis Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 96; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 396. – 

Type: 

Phreatia mearnsii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 21; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 396. –Type: 

Phreatia negrosiana Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1582; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 396. 

Phreatia plantaginifolia (Koenig) Ormerod, Opera Bot. 124 (1995) 22; --Epidendrum plantaginifolium 

Koenig in Retz., Observ. Bot. 6 (1791) 60. –Type: 

Cymbidium plantaginifolium (J Koenig) Willd., Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 101. 

Phreatia secunda (Blume) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. (1830) 64; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 396; --Eria secunda 

(Blume) Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 54; --Dendrolirium secundum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 350. –Type: 

Phreatia prorepens Reichb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1 (1878) 54, in textu; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 396. 

–Type: 

Phreatia ramosii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 21; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 396. 

Phreatia sulcata (Blume) JJ Sm. Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 505; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 397; 

--Eria sulcata (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 69; --Dendrolirium sulcatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 

347. –Type: 

Phreatia bracteata Ames, PJS 4 c (1910) 674, nom. illeg. 

Phreatia vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 22; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 397. –Type: 

Phreatia wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 196; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 397. –Type: 

Phreatia xantholeuca Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 386; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 397. –Type: 

Pilophyllum Schlechter 

Pilophyllum villosum (Blume) Schltr., Orchideen (1914) 131 ; --Chrysoglossum villosum Blume, Bijdr. 

(1825) 338, Fig. 7; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 280. –Type: 

Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines: MINDORO: Binabay River, Merrill 5838. 

Terrestrial, 300-800m. 

Pinalia Buchanan-Hamilton ex D Don 

Pinalia barbifrons (Kraenzl.) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(2):69, 2009 (endemic) 

Eria barbifrons Kraenzl. in Engl. Pflanzenreich iv. 50(50) (1911) 52; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 364. 

Philippines. 

Pinalia bractescens (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria bractescens Lindl., Bot. Reg. 27 

(1841) Misc. 18; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 365; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 116. –Type: 

India, Nepal, Sikkim, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, 

Philippines, New Guinea. 

LUZON: Bataan, Rizal, SAMAR, BASILAN, MINDANAO: Zamboanga. Epiphyte, low altitudes up

to 500m. 

● Eria bractescens Lindl. var. latipetala Leav. -- Philipp. J. Sci., C 4(3): 232. 1909 [Aug 1909] 

Pinalia carnicolor (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(2) (2009) ined. 

Eria carnicolor Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 152; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia compacta (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria compacta Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 329; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia copelandii (Leavitt) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria copelandii Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 203, 226, Fig. 3; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Eria formosana Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1896) 194. Provisional synonym (fide Cootes, 2006). –Type: 

var. copelandii 

Philippines. 

var. fusiformis (Leavitt) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria copelandii var. fusiformis Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 204, 227; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia curranii (Leavitt) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria curranii Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 210, 233, Fig. 13; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia cylindrostachya (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria cylindrostachya Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 190, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia dagamensis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria dagamensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 147; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 367. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia densa (Ridl.) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria densa Ridl., J. Linn. Soc. 31 (1896) 281. 

Pinalia floribunda (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Urostachya floribunda (Lindl.) Brieger, 

Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12): 716 (1981), with incorrect basionym ref.; --Eria floribunda Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 

(1832) No. 7408, nomen, Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843) Misc. 43; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 367; -- 


Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Philippines. 

LUZON: Apayao, Kalinga, Nueva Ecija, Rizal, PALAWAN, MINDANAO: Cotabato, Bukidnon, 

Agusan. Epiphyte, lowlands to 1300m. 

Pinalia hirsutipetala (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx. 

Trichotosia hirsutipetala (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel, Blumea 48 (2003) 513; --Eria hirsutipetala Ames, Orchidaceae 7 

(1922) 102; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 369. --Type: BS 39124 Ramos & Edaño (AMES*, holo; iso: K, 

US*). 

Philippines. 

Pinalia hutchinsoniana (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria hutchinsoniana Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 330; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 369. –Type: 

Philippines.

Pinalia jarensis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria jarensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 150; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 369. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia leavittii (Kraenzl) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria leavittii Kraenzl. in Engl. Pflanzenreich iv. 50(50) (1911) 52; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 370. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia loheriana (Kraenzl.) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria loheriana Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 387; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 371. –Type: 

Plocoglottis loheriana (Kraenzl.) Goebel, Entfaltungsbew., ed. 2: 388 (1924). 

Philippines. 

Pinalia longicruris (Leavitt) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria longicruris Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 205, 228, Fig. 6; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 371. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia longilabris (Lindl.) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria longilabris Lindl., Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) Misc. 38; 30 (1844) sub t. 29, Fig. 3; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 371. 

Philippines. 

Pinalia lyonii (Leavitt) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria lyonii Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 212, 234, Fig. 17; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 371. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia macera (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria macera Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 103; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 371. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia maquilingensis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria maquilingensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 152; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. 

Philippines. 

Pinalia mearnsii (Leavitt) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Aeridostachya mearnsii (Leavitt) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 436; --Eria mearnsii Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) 

Bot. 216, 236; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia merrittii (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria merrittii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 331; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia microchila (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria microchila Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 104; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia ovata (Lindl.) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria ovata Lindl., Bot. Reg. 30 (1844) sub t. 29; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373. –Type: 

Eria bontocensis Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 427; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 365. –Type: 

Eria elmeri Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 93. –Type: 

Eria graciliscapa Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 93; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 366. –Type: 

Eria racemosa Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 206, 229; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374. –Type: 

Eria retroflexa Lindl., J. Linn. Soc. 3 (1859) 60; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 374. –Type: 

Eria var. ovata

var. retroflexa (Garay & HR Sweet) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria ovata var. retroflexa (Lindl.) Garay & HR Sweet, Orchids S Ryukyu Isls (1974) 113; --Eria retroflexa Lindl., J. 

Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 60. –Type: 

Eria merrillii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 331; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. –Type: 

Pinalia philippinensis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 94; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 373. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia polyura (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria polyura Lindl., Bot. Reg. 27 (1841) Misc. 

55; 


Philippines. 

Pinalia profusa (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria profusa Lindl., Bot. Reg. 28 (1842) Misc. 


Philippines. 

Pinalia propinqua (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria propinqua Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 105; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia puguahaanensis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJournal 16(2) (2009) xxx. 

Eria puguahaanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 157; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia ramosa (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria ramosa Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374; --Eria vagans Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 106, non Schltr. 

(basionym). --Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia rhodoptera (Reichb.f.) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria rhodoptera Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 18 (1882) 586; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia ringens (Reichb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria ringens Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 

Philippines. 

(1855) 222. –Type 

Pinalia robusta (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria robusta (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 

Pl. (1830) 69; --Aeridostachya robusta (Blume) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12) (1981) 714 ; 

--Dendrolirium robustum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 347. –Type: 

Eria whitfordii Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 215, 236; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 376. –Type: 

Pinalia senilis (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria senilis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 159; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia taylorii (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria taylorii Ames, Sched. Orchid. 5 (1923) 31; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia tomentosiflora (Hayata) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx. 

Eria tomentosiflora Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2 (1912) 137. –Type from Taiwan.


Pinalia tridens (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria tridens Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1580; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia ventricosa (Leavitt) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria ventricosa Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 211, 234, Fig. 16; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 375. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia woodiana (Ames) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria woodiana Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 332; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 376. –Type: 

Philippines. 

Pinalia xanthocheila (Ridl.) W Suarez & Cootes, OrchideenJ. 16(2) (2009) xxx 

Eria xanthocheila Ridl., Mat. Fl. Malay. Penins. 1 (1907) 102. 

Platanthera LC Richard 

Platanthera angustata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1835) 290; --Habenaria angustata (Blume) Kuntze, Rev. 

Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 664; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 255; --Mecosa angustata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 403; 

--Type: 

Platanthera elmeri (Ames) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 108; --Habenaria elmeri Ames in 

Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1550; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 257. –Type: 

Platanthera halconensis (Ames) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9 (1911) 212; --Habenaria halconensis Ames, 

PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 312; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 258. –Type: 

Java, Borneo, Philippines. LUZON: Benguet, Bataan, Laguna, Albay, MINDORO: Mindoro 

Oriental (Mt Halcon, terrestrial on open health at 2650m altitude), NEGROS: Negros Oriental, 

CAMIGUIN, MINDANAO: Davao (Mt Apo, Todaya). 

Plocoglottis Blume 

Plocoglottis bicallosa Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1915) 1571; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 338. –Type: 

Plocoglottis bicomata LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 47. –Type: 

Plocoglottis copelandii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 326; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 338. –Type: 

Plocoglottis lucbanensis Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1572; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 338. –Type: 

Plocoglottis mindorensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 327; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 338. –Type: 

Plocoglottis macgregorii Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 121; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 338. –Type: 

Plocoglottis wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 101; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 338. –Type: 

Plocoglottis plicata (Roxb.) Ormerod, Orchids (2001) 293; --Limodorum plicatum Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 

3: 

(1832) 465. –Type : 

Plocoglottis acuminata Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1849) 46. 

Plocoglottis latifolia Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1: 47 (1849). 

Dendrobium javanicum Korth. ex Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1 (1850) 46. 

Poaephyllum Ridley

Poaephyllum grandiflorum Quisumb., PJS 66 (1938) 150. –Type: 

Poaephyllum pauciflorum Ridl., Mat. Fl. Malay. Penins. 1 (1907) 109 ; --Agrostophyllum pauciflorum 

Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5 (1890) 824. –Type : 

Podochilus Blume 

Podochilus bicaudatus Schltr., Fedde Repert. 3 (1906) 19; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 320. 

Podochilus cumingii Schltr., Fedde Repert. 3 (1906) 19; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 321. 

Podochilus hystricinus Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 42, Fig. 8; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 321. 

Podochilus intricatus Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 415; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 321. –Type: 

Podochilus lucescens Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 295. 

Podochilus robinsonii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 49. –Type: 

Podochilus plumosus Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 668; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 321. –Type: 

Podochilus ramosii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 415; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 321. –Type: 

Podochilus sciuroides Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 41; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 321. –Type: 

Podochilus strictus Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 669; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 322. –Type: 

---------------------------- 

Status Not in Cootes’ (2006) Checklist. 

Podochilus longilabris Ames in Elmer LPB 5 (1912) 1565; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 321. –Type: 

Podochilus serpyllifolius (Blume) Lindl., J. Linn. Soc. 3 (1859) 37; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 322. 

Polystachya Hooker 

Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & HR Sweet, Orquideologia 9 (1974) 206; --Epidendrum concretum 

Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. (1760) 30. 

Polystachya luteola (Sw.) Hook., Exot. Fl. 2 (1824) t. 103, nom. illeg.; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 329; -- 

Cranichis luteola Sw., Fl. Ind. Occid. 3 (1806) 1433. 

Pomatocalpa Breda 

Pomatocalpa andamanum (Hook.f.) JJ Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 103; --Cleisostoma 

andamanum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 71. 

Pomatocalpa bicolor (Lindl.) JJ Sm., Nat. Tijdrschr. Ned. Ind. 72 (1912) 103 (reprint 33); --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 438; --Cleisostoma bicolor Lindl., Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 2 (1851) 99. 

Pomatocalpa diffusum Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep. 4 (1830) t. 

Pomatocalpa latifolia (Lindl.) JJ Sm. Nat. Tijdrschr. Ned. Ind. 72 (1912) 105 (reprint 35); --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 438; --Cleisostoma latifolium Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.) (1840) 60. 

Sarcanthus cumingii (Reichb.f.) JJ Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 85; --Cleisostoma cumingii Reichb.f., 

Allg. Gartenzeitung 24 (1856) 218. 

Pomatocalpa hortense (Ridl.) JJ Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 104; --Saccolabium hortense Ridl., J. 

Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 39 (1870) 83.

Pomatocalpa fuscum (Lindl.) JJ Sm., Nat. Tijschr. Ned. Ind. 72 (1912) 104; --Cleisostoma fuscum Lindl., J. 

Hort. Soc. 80 (1850) xxx 

Pomatocalpa kunstleri (Hook.f.) JJ Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 104; --Cleisostoma 

kunstleri Hook.f., Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 24 (1894) t. 2335. 

Pomatocalpa merrillii Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1913) 988; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 438. –Type: 

Pomatocalpa spicatum Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep. (1827) t. 15. 

Pomatocalpa vitellinum (Reichb.f.) Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 439; --Cleisostoma vitellinum Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 

(1877) 76. –Type: 

Pomatocalpa setulense (Ridl.) Holttum, Gard. Bull. Sing. 11 (1947) 287; --Saccolabium setulense Ridl., J. Asiat. 

Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 59 (1911) 198. 

Porphyrodesme Schlechter 

Porphyrodesme sarcanthoides (JJ Sm.) WU Mahyar, Reinwardtia 10(4) (1988) 418; --Renanthera 

sarcanthoides JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. ser. 2, 25 (1917) 94. 

Pristiglottis Cretz. & JJ Smith 

Pristiglottis mindanaensis (Ames) Cretz. & JJ Sm., Acta Fauna Fl. Universali, ser. 2, Bot. 1(14) (1934) 

5; --Cystopus mindanaensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 34; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 274. –Type: 

CAMIGUIN: Mt Mahinog, on tree top. 

Pristiglottis philippinensis (Ames) Cretz. & JJ Sm., Acta Fauna Fl. Universali, ser. 2, Bot. 1(14) (1934) 

5. --Cystopus philippinensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 35; in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 274. –Type: 

LUZON: Quezon (Infanta), Sorsogon (Lake Pulog), the latter in moss at 500m altitude. 

Pseudacoridium Ames =Dendrochilum 

Pseudovanilla Garay, 

Pseudovanilla philippinensis (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 30 (1986) 235; --Galeola 

philippinensis 

Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1924) 5; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 263. –Type: 

Pteroceras Hasselt ex Hasskarl 

Pteroceras cladostachyum (Hook.f.) HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 12 (1992) 387; --Sarcochilus 

cladostachys Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 35. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, Philippines. 

Pteroceras leopardinum (Parish & Reichb.f) Seidenf. & Smitin., Orchids Thailand (Prelim. List) 

(1963) 535; --Thrixspermum leopardinum Parish & Reichb.f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30 (1874) 145. 

Sarcochilus benguetensis Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 493. –Type: 

Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Borneo, Philippines. 

Pteroceras longicalcareum (Ames & Rolfe) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 193; -- 

Sarcochilus 

longicalcareus Ames & Rolfe, Orch. 5 (1915) 212; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407. –Type:

Pteroceras pallidum (Blume) Holttum, Kew Bull. 14 (1960) 270; --Sarcochilus pallidus (Blume) Reichb.f in 

Walp., Ann. 6 (1863) 500; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407; --Thrixspermum pallidum (Blume) Reichb.f., 

Xenia Orchid. 2 (1867) 122; --Dendrocolla pallida Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 290. –Type: 

Pteroceras philippinense (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23, 4 (1972) 194; --Sarcochilus 

philippinensis 

(Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 215, non Vidal; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 408; --Thrixspermum 

philippinense Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 437. –Type: 

Pteroceras pustulatum Senghas, Orchidee 40 (1989) 5. --Type: Heidelberg cult.0-19768 (HEID, ill. Senghas 

Pteroceras teres (Blume) Holttum, Kew Bull. 14 (1960) 271; --Aerides teres (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 

Pl. (1833) 240; --Thrixspermum teres (Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1868) 121; --Sarcochilus teres 

(Blume) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1863) 499; --Dendrocolla teres Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 289. 

–Type: 

Pteroceras suaveolens (Roxb.) Holttum, Kew Bull. 14 (1960) 271; --Sarcochilus suaveolens (Roxb.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. 

India 6 (1890) 33; --Aerides suaveolens Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3 (1832) 473. –Type: 

Sarcochilus palawanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 214; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 407. –Type: 

Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, 

Lesser Sunda Isls., Moluccas, and Philippines. 

Pteroceras unguiculatum (Lindl.) HAe Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 12 (1992) 388. --Sarcochilus 

unguiculatus Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26(Misc.) (1840) 67. 

Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Isls., Moluccas, and 

Philippines. 

Renanthera Loureiro 

Renanthera angustifolia Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 49; --Epidendrum matutinum Poir. in Lam., Encycl., 

Suppl. 1 (1810) 384. 

Renanthera breviflora (Reichb.f.) R Rice & JJ Wood, Orchid Rev. 111 (1254) (2003) 349; --Renanthera 

matutina (Blume) Lindl.var. breviflora Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. n.s., 12 (2) (1879) 70. 

Renanthera elongata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 218; --Porphyrodesme elongata (Blume) Garay, Bot. 

Mus. Leafl. 23 (1972) 191; --Aerides elongatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 367. 

Renanthera matutina Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 218. –Type: 

Renanthera monachica Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 224; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 428. 

Renanthera philippinensis (Ames & Quisumb.) LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 31; 

--Renanthera storiei var. philippinensis Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 110. –Type: 

Renanthera storiei Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. ii, 14 (1880) 296; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 428. 

Renanthera storiei var. citrina Valmayor & Tiu, 

Rhomboda Lindley 

Rhomboda blackii (Ames) Ormerod, Austral. Orchid Rev. 63, 4 (1998) 11; --Hetaeria blackii Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 43; -- in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 278. –Type: 

MINDANAO: Lanao, Davao. 

Rhomboda cristata (Blume) Ormerod, Orchadian 11 (1995) 333; --Hetaeria cristata Blume, Coll. Orchid. 

(1859) 103. –Type:

Rhomboda lanceolata (Lindl.) Ormerod, Orchadian 11 (1995) 329; --Dossinia lanceolata Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1 ( 

Rhomboda luzonensis (Ames) Ormerod, Orchadian 11 (1995) 332; --Zeuxine luzonensis (Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. 

Syst. 45 (1911) 394; --Adenostylis luzonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 57, text cut; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1924) 276. –Type: 

Adenostylis vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 408; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 277. –Type: 

LUZON (Cordillera Mtns); MINDORO. Terrestrial in montane forests, 930-2540m. 

Revision: 

Selbyana 9 (1986) 169-- 

Rhynchostylis Blume 

Rhynchostylis gigantea (Lindl.) Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 356; --Gastrochilus giganteus (Lindl.) 

Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 661; --Anota gigantea (Lindl.) Fukuy., Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 34 

(1944) 111; --Saccolabium giganteum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 221. –Type: 

subsp. gigantea 

subsp. violacea (Lindl.) Christenson, Indian Orchid J. 1 (1985) 154; Selbyana 9, 1 (1986) 169; --Anota 

violacea (Reichb.f.) Schltr., Orchideen (1914) 588; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 438; --Gastrochilus 

violacens (Reichb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 661; --Rhynchostylis violacea Reichb.f., Bonplandia 2 

(1854) 93; --Saccolabium violaceum Reichb.f., Bonplandia 2 (1854) 93; --Vanda violacea Lindl., Edwards’s 

Bot. Reg. 27 (Misc.) (1841) 12. 

Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 286, Fig. 49; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 423; -- 

Gastrochilus retusus (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 66; --Saccolabium retusum (L.) Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutta ( 

--Aerides retusum (L.) Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) 2 (1799) 233; --Epidendrum retusum L., Sp. Pl. (1753) 953. 

--Type: 

Gastrochilus praemorsus (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 661; --Saccolabium praemorsum (Willd.) Lindl., 

Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1830) 22; --Rhynchostylis praemorsa (Willd.) Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 286; --Aerides 

praemorsum Willd., Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 130. –Type: 

Orchis lanigera Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 641. –Type: 

Rhytionanthos Garay, Hamer & Siegerist 

Rhytionanthos plumatum (Ames) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14 (1994) 639 ; -- 

Bulbophyllum plumatum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 184; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 387. –Type: BS 

21479 Escritor (AMES*, holo). Mindanao: 

Robiquetia Gaudichaud 

Robiquetia cerina (Reichb.f) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 196; --Saccolabium cerinum 

Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1888) (2) 206; –Type: 

Robiquetia merrillii (Ames) Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 123; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 435; --Malleola merrillii 

Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 236. –Type: 

Robiquetia compressa (Lindl.) Schltr., Fedde Repert. Beihefte 1 (Orch. Deutsch-Neu-Guin.) (1913) 983; 

--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 434; --Gastrochilus compressus (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 

Robiquetia ramosii Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 123; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 435. –Type: 

661. --Saccolabium 

Robiquetia discolor (Reichb.f) Seidenf. & Garay, Bot. Tidsskr. 67 (1972) 119; --Saccolabium discolor 

Reichb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. (1878) 42. –Type: 

Schoenorchis mindanaensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 240; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436. –Type: 

LUZON: Sorsogon, MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Epiphytic, altitude 15m in Mindanao. [as

Schoenorchis mindanaensis]. 

Robiquetia enigma Ferreras & W Suarez, ined. [Aust. Orch. Rev. (2009)] 

Robiquetia pantherina (Kränzl.) Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 95; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 435; 

--Saccolabium pantherinum Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17 (1921) 391. 

Robiquetia spathulata (Blume) JJ Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 114; --Cleisostoma 

spathulatum Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 364. 

Pomatocalpa densiflorum (Lindl.) T Tang & FT Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1 (1951) 99; --Rhynchostylis densiflora 

(Lindl.) LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1937) 58; --Gastrochilus densiflorus (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. 

Pl. 2 (1891) 661; --Aerides densiflorum (Lindl.) Wall. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 72; --Sarcanthus 

densiflorus (Lindl.) Parish & Reichb.f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30 (1874) 136; --Saccolabium densiflorum 

Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 220. –Type: 

Robiquetia vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 238; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 435. –Type: 

Saccolabiopsis JJ Smith 

Saccolabiopsis tenella (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 198; --Saccolabium 

tenellum Ames, 

Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 308, t. 99; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 432. –Type: 

Saccolabiopsis viridiflora Averyanov, Rheedea 15(2) (2005) 97. 

Saccolabium Blume =Hymenorchis, Pennilabium, Tuberolabium 

Sadokum Tiu and Cootes 

Sadokum stapeliiflorum (Teijsm. & Binn.) Tiu & Cootes, Austral. Orch. Rev. 72 (2007) 6; --Grammatophyllum 

stapeliiflorum (Teijsm. & Binn.) JJ Sm., Orch. Java (1905) 487; --Cymbidium stapeliiflorum Teijsm. & 

Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 24 (1862) 319. 

Samarorchis Ormerod 

Samarorchis sulitiana Ormerod, Taiwania 53(2) 157-164. –Type: 

● Samarorchis sulitiana Ormerod -- Taiwania 53(2): 160 (-162; fig. 3). 2008 [Jun 2008] 

Santotomasia Ormerod 

Santotomasia wardiana Ormerod, Taiwania 53(2) (2008) 157-164. 

● Santotomasia wardiana Ormerod -- Taiwania 53(2): 162 (-163; fig. 4). 2008 [Jun 2008] 

Sarcanthus Lindl. =Cleisostoma, Eria, Megalotus, Sarcophyton 

Sarcophyton Garay 

Sarcophyton crassifolium (Lindl.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 202; --Sarcanthus

crassifolius (Lindl. 

& Paxton) JJ Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 85; --Cleisostoma crassifolium Lindl. & Paxton, 

Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 3 (1852) t. 99. 

Sarcophyton pachyphyllus (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 202; --Sarcanthus 

pachyphyllus 


Sarcochilus auctt. non R Brown 

=Thrixspermum, Grosourdya, Pteroceras, Bogoria 

17 spp. Australia (16 endemic) to New Caledonia. 

Sayeria Kraenzlin 

Sayeria macrophylla (A Rich.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94 (1983) 467; --Latourorchis macrophylla (A 

Rich.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12) Suppl. 18 (1981) 727; --Dendrobium macrophyllum A Rich. in 

JCS Dumont d’Urville, Voy. Astrolabe 2 (1834) 22. –Type: 

Dendrobium ternatense JJ Sm. Bull. Dept. Agr. Ind. Néerl. 22 (1909) 26; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 356. 

Sayeria setigera (Ames ex MA Clem.) MA Clem., xxxx 

Dendrobium setigerum Ames ex MA Clem., Austral. Orchid Res. 64 (1999) 7; --Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 90. 

–Type: 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Bataan, Pampanga, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon. Epiphytic, usually up 

to 400m. 

Schoenorchis Reinwardt ex Blume 

Schoenorchis micrantha Reinw. ex Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 362; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 435; -- 

Type: Ascocentrum micranthum (Reinw. ex Blume) Holttum, Gard. Bull. Sing. 11 (1947) 275. 


LUZON: Rizal, PALAWAN, LEYTE, MINDANAO: Davao, Agusan. Epiphytic, 0-1300m. 

Schoenorchis vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 242; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 436. 

–Type: 

Schoenorchis paniculata var. vanoverberghii (Ames) SS Ying, Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 1(2) (1977) 499. 

LUZON: Mountain Province, Cagayan, Pampanga, Bataan. Epiphytic at 1700m in Mountain 

Province. 

Schuitemania Ormerod 

Schuitemania merrillii (Ames) Ormerod, Lindleyana 17 (4) (2002) 229; --Erythrodes merrilii (Ames) Ames, 

Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 79, t. 54; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273; --Herpysma merrillii Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) 

Bot. 313. –Type: 

Kuhlhasseltia halconensis JJ Wood, Kew Bull. 41 (1986) 814. –Type: 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Mt Halcon). Damp ravine, altitude 730m. 

Spathoglottis Blume 

Spathoglottis chrysantha Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 161, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 336. – 

Type: 

Spathoglottis elmeri Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1572; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 336. –Type:

Spathoglottis kimballiana Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 121 (1895) t. 7443; [Hort. Sander ex Gartenflora 41 (1892) 

184, nomen]; --Rolfe in Sander Reichenbachia ii, 2 (1894) 95, t. 88, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 336. 

var. angustifolia Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 99; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 336. –Type: 

var. antiquensis T Green, Orchid Digest 65 (2001) 89. –Type: 

Spathoglottis palawanensis Lubag-Arquiza, Orchid Digest 70(3) (2006) 170-171. –Type: 

Spathoglottis palawanensis Lubag-Arquiza -- Orchid Digest 70(3): 170 (-171; photogr.). 2006 [Jul 2006] 

Spathoglottis philippinensis Lubag-Arquiza -- Orchid Digest 70(3): 171 (-173; photogr.). 2006 [Jul 2006] 

Spathoglottis plicata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 401, Fig. 76; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 336. –Type: 

Spathoglottis tomentosa Lindl., Bot. Reg. 31 (1843) sub t. 19; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 337. –Type: 

Spathoglottis vanoverberghii Ames, Orchidaceae 6 (1920) 299; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 337. – 

Type: 


Spathoglottis × parsonsii Ames & Quisumb., Philip. Orchid Rev. 1 (1948) 4. 

= S. plicata × S. vanoverbergii. 

Spiranthes LC Richard 

Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 53; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 268; --Neottia 

sinensis Pers., Syn. Pl. 2 (1807) 511. 

Spiranthes sinensis var. australis (R Br.) H Hara & S Kitam., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36 (1985) 93. 

Spiranthes aristotelia (Raeusch.) Merr. PJS 15 (1919) 230. 

India, Sumatra, Borneo, Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. LUZON: Mountain Province, 

Benguet, MINDANAO: Agusan. Terrestrial, altitude 360-500m. 

Staurochilus Ridley ex Pfitzer 

Staurochilus agusanensis (Ames & Quisumb.) Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 49 (1998) 47; 

--Trichoglottis agusanensis Ames & Quisumb., PJS 59 (1936) 10. –Type: 

Staurochilus fasciatus (Reichb.f.) Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 351; --Stauropsis fasciata (Reichb.f.) 

Benth. & Hook.f. ex Jackson, Index Kew. 2 (1895) 982; --Trichoglottis fasciata Reichb.f., Flora 55 (1872) 

137. 

–Type: 

Vandopsis leytensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 222; --Ames in Merr., EPFP (1925) 427. –Type: 

LUZON: Rizal, Sorsogon, LEYTE. Epiphyte, 60-800m altitude (as Vandopsis leytensis) 

Staurochilus guibertii (Linden & Reichb.f) Christenson, Proc. World Orchid Conf. 14 (1994) 215; 

--Trichoglottis guibertii (Linden & Reichb.f.) Reichb.f., Gard. Chron. (1872) 699; --Trichoglottis guibertii 

(Linden & Reichb.f.) JJ Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 108; --Vanda guibertii (Linden & 

Reichb.f.) Linden ex Reichb.f., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 20 (1862) 375; --Cleisostoma guibertii Linden & 

Reichb.f., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 20 (1862) 375. –Type: 

Staurochilus intermedius (LO Williams) Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 49 (1998) 47; 

--Trichoglottis intermedia LO Williams, PJS 65 (1938) 392. –Type: 

Staurochilus ionosmus (Lindl.) Schltr., Orchideen (1914) 578; Fedde Repert. Beihefte 4 (Orch. Sino-Jap.

Prodr.) (1919) 287; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 441; --Trichoglottis ionosma (Lindl.) JJ Sm. ex Hayata, 

Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 29 (1915) 195; --Cleisostoma ionosmum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 33 (1847) t. 41. 

Epidendrum lineare Blanco, Fl. Filip.: 644 (1837), nom. illeg. 

Staurochilus loherianus (Kraenzl.) Christenson, Orchid Atlas 8 (1992) 251; --Trichoglottis loheriana 

(Kraenzl.) LO Williams, PJS 65 (1938) 388; --Acampe loheriana Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 386; 


Vandopsis davisii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 49 (1932) 497. –Type: 

Staurochilus luchuensis (Rolfe) Fukuyama, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 32 (1942) 270; --Trichoglottis 

ionosma var. luchuensis (Rolfe) SS Ying, Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 1(2) (1977) 507; --Trichoglottis 

luchuensis (Rolfe) Garay & HR Sweet, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 209; --Pomatocalpa 

luchuense (Rolfe) 

T Tang & FT Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1 (1951) 99; --Vandopsis luchuensis (Rolfe) Schltr., Repert. Spec. 

Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 196; --*Stauropsis luchuensis Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1907) 131. –Type: 

Staurochilus luzonensis Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442; --Trichoglottis ionosma var. luzonensis (Ames) 

SS Ying, Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 1(2) (1977) 507. --Trichoglottis luzonensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 

255. –Type: 

Vandopsis kupperiana Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 17 (1921) 390. –Type: 

Extra-Philippine distribution LUZON: Quezon, MINDANAO: Agusan. Epiphyte, up to c. 400m in 

Agusan. 

Staurochilus mimicus (LO Williams) Arquiza & Christenson, Orchid Digest (Jan-Mar. 2007) 23-25; 

--Trichoglottis mimica LO Williams, PJS 65 (1938) 389. –Type: 

Staurochilus tamesisii (Quisumb. & Schweinf.) Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee 49 (1998) 47; -- 

Trichoglottis tamesisii Quisumb. & Schweinf., Philip. Orch. Rev. 6, No. 1 (1955) 3. –Type: 

Stereochilus Lindley 

Stereochilus ringens (Reichb.f) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 205; --Sarcanthus ringens 

(Reichb.f.) JJ 

Sm. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. 72 (1912) 93 (reprint 22); --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 437; --Cleisostoma 

ringens (Reichb.f.) Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., III, (1888) (2) 724; Eria ringens Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1885) 


Stereosandra Blume 

Stereosandra javanica Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 176; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 267. 

Extra-Philippine distribution LUZON: Benguet, Bataan, Rizal, Sorsogon, MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga, Agusan. 

Taenia =Tainia 

Taeniophyllum Blume 

Taeniophyllum copelandii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 436; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442. –Type: 

Taeniophyllum elmeri Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1588;--Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442. –Type: 

Taeniophyllum leytense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1920) 310; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442. –Type:

Taeniophyllum merrillii Ames, PJS 6 c (1911) Bot. 56; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 442. –Type: 

Taeniophyllum philippinensis Reichb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1 (1878) 53; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

443. –Type: 

Taeniophyllum saccatum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1938) 169. –Type: 

Tainia maingayi Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1890) 822. 

Tainia Blume 

Thecostele Reichenbach filius 

Thecostele alata (Roxb.) Parish & Reichb.f., Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1874) 135, 144, t. 29; --Ames in Merr., 

EPFP 1 (1925) 399; --Cymbidium alatum Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3 (1832) 459. 

Thecostele elmeri (Ames) Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 434; --Pholidota elmeri Ames, in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1557. 

Extra-Philippine Distribution 

Thelasis Blume 

Thelasis capitata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 386; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 393. 

Thelasis carinata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 386; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 393. 

Thelasis micrantha (Brongn.) JJ Sm. Fl. Buitenz. 6 (Orch. Jav.) (1905) 495; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

394; --Oxyanthera micrantha Brongn., in Duperrey, Voy. Monde (1834) 197. –Type: 

Thelasis obtusa Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 386; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 394. 

Thelasis pygmaea (Griff.) Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3 (1859) 63; --Euproboscis pygmaea Griff., Calcutta J. 

Nat. Hist. 5 (1845) 372. –Type: 

Thelasis triptera Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 219; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 394. –Type: 

Thelymitra JR & G Forster 

Thelymitra javanica Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 419; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 260. 

Extra-Philippine distribution LUZON: Mountain Province, Benguet. On open slopes at 1350- 

2300m altitude. 

Thrixspermum Loureiro 

Thrixspermum acuminatissimum (Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1867) 121; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 404; --Sarcochilus acuminatissimus (Blume) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 

(1863) 498; --Aerides acuminatissimum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 240; --Dendrocolla 

acuminatissima Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 286. –Type: 

Thrixspermum agusanense Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 201; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 405. –Type: 

Thrixspermum amesianum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 87. –Type:

Thrixspermum amplexicaule (Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1867) 121; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 405. 

*Dendrocolla amplexicaulis Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 286. 

Aerides amplexicaule (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833 239. 

Orsidice amplexicaulis (Blume) Reichb.f., Bonplandia 2 (1854) 93. 

Sarcochilus amplexicaulis (Blume) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1863) 499. 

Thrixspermum angustatum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 90. –Type: 

Thrixspermum bromeliforme W Suarez, ined., [Aust. Orch. Rev. 2009] 

● Thrixspermum bromeliforme W.Suarez -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 74(3): 33 (figs.). 2009 [Jun 2009] 

Thrixspermum centipeda Lour., Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 520. –Type: 

Sarcochilus centipeda (Lour.) Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13A (1880) 238. 

Epidendrum thrixspermum Raeusch., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 3 (1797) 265. 

Aerides flos-aeris Sw. in Schrader J. Bot. 2 (1799) 233. 

Thrixspermum arachnites (Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1868) 121; --Sarcochilus arachnites (Blume) Reichb.f. 

in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1863) 498; --Aerides arachnites (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 

238; --Dendrocolla arachnites Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 287. –Type: 

Thrixspermum cootesii W Suarez, ined. [Aust. Orch. Rev. 2009] 

● Thrixspermum cootesii W.Suarez -- Austral. Orchid Rev. 74(3): 34 (figs.). 2009 [Jun 2009] 

Thrixspermum elmeri LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 81. –Type: 

Thrixspermum elongatum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 203; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 405. –Type: 

Thrixspermum eximium LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 84. –Type: 

Thrixspermum fantasticum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 82. –Type: 

Thrixspermum neglectum Fukuyama, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 32 (1942) 269. 

Thrixspermum hystrix (Blume) Reichb.f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30 (1874) 145; --Grosourdya hystrix 

(Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1868) 123; --Sarcochilus hystrix (Blume) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. 

Syst. 6 (1863) 500; --Aerides hystrix (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 242; --Dendrocolla hystrix 

Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 291. –Type: 

Thrixspermum elegans (Reichb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 682; --Grosourdya elegans Reichb.f., Bot. 

Zeitung (Berlin) 22 (1864) 297. 

Thrixspermum integrum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 85. –Type: 

Thrixspermum ligulatum LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 93. –Type: 

Thrixspermum linearifolium Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 205; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 405. – 

Type: 

Thrixspermum merguense (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 682; --Dendrocolla merguensis ( Hook.f.) Ridl., J. 

40. –Type: 

Thrixspermum bicristatum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 202; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 405. –Type: 

Thrixspermum comans JJ Sm. Bull. Dép. Agric. Indes Néerl. 13 (1907) 61. –Type: 

Java and the Philippines. (T. comans) 

Thrixspermum pensile Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45, Beibl. 104 (1911) 59. –Type: 

Thrixspermum quinquelobum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 206; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 405. – 

Type: 

Thrixspermum robinsonii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 207; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 405. –Type:

Thrixspermum rostratum Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 208; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 406. –Type: 

Thrixspermum subulatum (Blume) Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1867) 122; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 

406. --Sarcochilus subulatus (Blume) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6 (1863) 500; --Aerides 

subulatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 241; --Dendrocolla subulata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 291. 

–Type: 

Thrixspermum vanoverberghii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 438; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 405. 

–Type: 

Thrixspermum weberi Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 134; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 406. –Type: 

Thrixspermum wenzelii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 209; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 406. –Type: 

Trachoma Garay =Tuberolabium 

Trichoglottis Blume 

Trichoglottis amesiana LO Williams, PJS 65 (1938) 393. –Type: 

Trichoglottis apoensis T Hashim., Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 10 (1991) 27. –Type: 

● Trichoglottis apoensis T.Hashim. subsp. alba Agoo -- Philipp. Scientist 43: 35 (-36, 39; plate 1). 2007 

[2006 issued late Jul 2007] 

Trichoglottis atropurpurea Reichb.f., Linnaea 41 (1876) 30; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 439. –Type: 

Trichoglottis brachiata Ames, Orchidaceae 7 (1922) 136; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 440. –Type: 

Not in Cootes (2008) Checklist. 

Trichoglottis brachystachya (Kraenzl.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 209; -- 

Cleisostoma brachystachyum Kraenzl., Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 30 (1916) 62. –Type: 

Trichoglottis calochila LO Williams, PJS 65 (1938) 395. –Type: 

Trichoglottis geminata (Teijsm. & Binn.) JJ Sm., Orch. Ambon (1905) 106; --Sarcanthus geminatus 

Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 29 (1867) 243. –Type: 

Trichoglottis oblongifolia Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew (1899) 130. –Type: 

Stauropsis wenzelii (Ames) Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1934) 467; --Trichoglottis wenzelii Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 


Trichoglottis golamcoi Agoo, 

● 

Trichoglottis intermedia L.O.Williams var. marginata Agoo -- Philipp. Scientist 43: 36 (-37, 40; plate 

2). 2007 [2006 issued late Jul 2007] 

Trichoglottis latisepala Ames, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 675; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 440. –Type: 

Trichoglottis latisepala var. tricarinata T Hashim., Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 10 (1991) 30. –Type: 

Trichoglottis madulidii Agoo, 

Trichoglottis mindanaensis Ames, PJS 8 c (1913) Bot. 439; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 440. –Type:

forma mindanaensis 

forma lutea Agoo, Philip. Scientist 43 (2007) 37, pl. 3. –Type: 

● Trichoglottis mindanaensis Ames f. lutea Agoo -- Philipp. Scientist 43: 37 (-39, 41; plate 3). 2007 [2006 

issued late Jul 2007] 

Trichoglottis philippinensis Lindl., Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 15 (1845) 386; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 

440. –Type: 

Staurochilus philippinensis (Lindl.) Backer, Bekn. Fl. Java 12 (3), Fam. 244 (1952) 424. 

Arachnis philippinensis (Lindl.) Ames, Orchidee (Hamburg) 7 (1938) 90. 

Stauropsis philippinensis (Lindl.) Reichb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 16 (1860) 117. 

Trichoglottis quisumbingii Agoo, 

Trichoglottis rosea (Lindl.) Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 440; --Pomatocalpa roseum (Lindl.) JJ Sm., 

Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72 (1912) 106; --Cleisostoma roseum Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (Misc.) 

(1838) 80. –Type: 

Trichoglottis flexuosa Rolfe ex Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 107. –Type: 

Trichoglottis rosea var. breviracema (Hayata) TS Liu & HJ Su, in Fl. Taiwan 5 (1978) 1120; --Trichoglottis 

breviracema (Hayata) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 286; --Pomatocalpa 

breviracemum (Hayata) Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4 (1915) Add. & Corr.; --Cleisostoma breviracemum 

Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1) (1911) 338. 

Trichoglottis oblongisepala (Hayata) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 286; --Pomatocalpa 

oblongisepalum (Hayata) Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 4 (1915) Add. & Corr.; --Cleisostoma oblongisepalum 

Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 2 (1912) 134. 

Trichoglottis solerederi Kraenzl., Fedde Repert. 8 (1910) 98; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 440. –Type: 

Trichoglottis subviolacea (Llanos) Merr., Sp. Blancoanae (1918) 116; Cleisostoma subviolaceum (Llanos) 

Reichb.f., Bonplandia 10 (1862) 335; --Synptera subviolacea Llanos, Fragm. Pl. Philip. (1851) 98. –Type: 

Trichoglottis bataanensis Ames, Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 105, text cut; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 439. –Type: 

Trichotosia Blume 

Trichotosia binabayensis (Ames) Kraenzl. in Engl. Pflanzenreich, IV, 50(50) (1911) 141; --Eria 

binabayensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 329; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 365. –Type: 

Trichotosia fusca (Blume) Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich, IV, 50(50) (1911) 145; --Pinalia fusca (Blume) 

Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria fusca Blume, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 183; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 368. –Type: 

Pinalia ciliata (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Trichotosia ciliata (Miq.) Teijsm. & Binn., Tijdschr. Ned.- 

Indië 5 (1853) 492; --Eria ciliata Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 3 (1859) 659. 

Trichotosia hirta (Blume) Kraenzl. In Engl., Pflanzenreich IV, 50(50) (1911) 145, nom. inval.; --Pinalia hirta (Blume) 

Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria hirta Blume, Mus. Bot. 2 (1856) 184. 

Trichotosia halconensis (Ames) Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich IV, 50(50) (1911) 149; --Eria halconensis 


Trichotosia lagunensis (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel, Blumea 48 (2003) 513; --Eria lagunensis Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 150; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 370. --Type: Serrato sn. (AMES, holo; iso: 

AMES (3sheets*), BM, GH*, L*, NY*, PNH, US*). 

Trichotosia leytensis (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel, Blumea 48 (2003) 513; --Eria leytensis Ames, PJS 8 c 

(1913) Bot. 427; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 370. --Type: Wenzel 17 (AMES*, holo; iso: BM, BO, NY*). 

Trichotosia macgregorii (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel, Blumea 48 (2003) 513; --Eria macgregorii Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 153; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. --Type: BS 19876 McGregor (AMES*, holo; 

iso: BO).

Trichotosia odorifera (Leavitt) Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich IV, 50(50) (1911) 153; --Eria odorifera 

Leavitt, PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 223, 242, Fig. 24; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 372. –Type: 

Trichotosia ramosii (Leavitt) Kraenzl. in Engl., Pflanzenreich IV, 50(50) (1911) 156 ; --Eria ramosii Leavitt, 

PJS 4 c (1909) Bot. 224, 243, Fig. 25; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 374. –Type: 

Trichotosia vulpina (Reichb.f) Kraenzl., in Engl., Pflanzenreich IV, 50(50) (1911) 141; --Pinalia vulpina 

(Reichb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 679; --Eria vulpina Reichb.f., Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222; --Ames 


Tropidia Lindl. 

Tropidia angulosa (Lindl.) Blume, Coll. Orchid. (1859) 122; --Decaisnea angulosa Lindl. in Wall., Numer. 

List: 

7388 (1832), nom. inval.; --Cnemidia angulosa Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 19 (1833) t. 1618. 

Tropidia calcarata Ames, PJS 7 c (1912) Bot. 7; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 279. –Type: 

As T. calcarata: LUZON: Rizal, Laguna. 

Tropidia mindanaensis Ames, in Elmer, LPB 5 (1912) 1553; Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 279. –Type: 

MINDANAO: Davao (Mt Apo, Todaya). 

Tropidia mindorensis Ames, PJS 2 c (1907) Bot. 315; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 279. –Type: 

MINDORO: Mindoro Oriental (Binabay River). Terrestrial in humid forest at 300m altitude. 

Tropidia nipponica Masam., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43 (1929) 249. 

Tropidia robinsonii Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 16; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 279. –Type: 

LUZON (Tayabas). 

Tropidia septemnervis (Schauer) Reichb.f., Linnaea 25 (1852) 230; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 279. 

–Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Bataan, Laguna, MINDORO, LEYTE. Terrestrial in forest at 

500m in LEYTE. 

Tropidia somai Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 6 (1916) 85. 

Revision: 

NJBV 10 (1990) 481— 

Tuberolabium Yamamoto 

Tuberolabium brevirhachis (LO Williams) JJ Wood, Nordic J. Bot. 10 (1990) 481; --Trachoma 

brevirhachis (LO Williams) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 208; --Saccolabium brevirhachis 

LO Williams, 

Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6: 109 (1938). 

Tuberolabium calcaratum T Hashim., Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 10 (1991) 33. –Type: 

Tuberolabium escritorii (Ames) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (1972) 210; --Saccolabium 

escritorii Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 227; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 432. –Type: 

Parapteroceras escritorii (Ames) JJ Wood, Nordic J. Bot. 10 (1990) 485. 

Tuberolabium guamense (Ames) JJ Wood, Nord. J. Bot. 10(5) (1990) 482; --Saccolabium guamense

Ames, PJS 9c (1914) 15. 

Tuberolabium kotoense Yamam., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 38 (1924) 209; --Saccolabium kotoense (Yamam.) 

Yamam., Icon. Pl. Formos., Suppl. 2 (1926) 6. 

● Tuberolabium phillipsii Choltco -- Orchids (West Palm Beach) 76(3): 220 (-221; fig. 1). 2007 [Mar 2007] 

Tuberolabium quisumbingii (LO Williams) Christenson, Lindleyana 7(2) (1992) 92; --Saccolabium 

quisumbingii LO Williams, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 6 (1938) 110. 

var. quisumbingii 

var. xanthum Choltco, Orchids 76(3) (2007) 221. 

● Tuberolabium quisumbingii (L.O.Williams) Christenson var. xanthum Choltco -- Orchids (West Palm 

Beach) 76(3): 221 (fig. 2). 2007 [Mar 2007] 

Tuberolabium rhopalorrhachis (Reichb.f) JJ Wood, Nordic J. Bot. 10 (1990) 482; --Saccolabium 

rhopalorrhachis (Reichb.f.) JJ Sm., Orch. Java (1905) 644; --Thrixspermum rhopalorrhachis (Reichb.f.) 

Reichb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2 (1868) 121; --Sarcochilus rhopalorrhachis (Reichb.f.) Reichb.f. in Walpers, Ann. 

Bot. Syst. 6 (1863) 500; --Dendrocolla rhopalorrhachis Reichb.f., Bonplandia 5 (1857) 40. –Type: 

Tuberolabium sarcochiloides (Schltr.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23 (1972) 210; --Trachoma sarcochiloides 

(Schltr.) W Suarez & Cootes, Philiip. Orch. Rev. 15(2) (2007) 20; --Saccolabium sarcochiloides Schltr., 

Orchis 5 (1911) 61, t. 8; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) xxx. –Type: 

Saccolabium loheri Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 228; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 432. –Type: 

LUZON: Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, Quezon. 

Tuberolabium woodii Choltco, Orchids 75 (2006) 923. –Type: 

● Tuberolabium woodii Choltco -- Orchids (West Palm Beach) 75(12): 924 (-925; fig. 4). 2006 [Dec 2006] 

Vanda Jones ex R Brown 

Vanda helvola Blume, Rumphia 4 (1849) 49. 

Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Borneo, S Philippines, New Guinea. S MINDANAO 

Vanda javierae Tiu ex Fessel & Lückel, Orchidee (Hamburg) 41 (1990) 146. 

LUZON: Pangasinan. Epiphyte, usually close to water, c. 1200m. 

Vanda lamellata Lindl., Bot. Reg. 24 (1838) Misc. 66; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 429. –Type: 

Vanda clitellaria Reichb.f., Flora 55 (1872) 277; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 429. 

Vanda vidalii Boxall ex Náves in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 13 (1880) 240. 

var. boxallii Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 13 (1880) 743; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 430. –Type: 

Vanda boxallii (Reichb.f.) Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 15 (1881) 366. 

var. boxallii forma alba Hort. 

var. calayana Valmayor & Tiu, Philip. Orch. Rev. (1983) 

var. flava Valmayor & Tiu, Philip. Orch. Rev. (1983) 

var. remediosae Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1933) 461. –Type: 

Vanda limbata Blume, Rumphia 4 (1849) 49. 

Vanda lindenii Reichb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 26 (1886) 70.

Vanda saxatilis JJ Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, III, 8 (1926) 66. 

Vanda scandens non Holttum, Sarawak Mus. J. 

Borneo, Philippines. PALAWAN, MINDANAO. Epiphyte, up to 500m. According to Cootes 

(2001), exact Philippine localities not noted. 

Vanda luzonica Loher ex Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 23 (1915) 137, 371, Fig. 12; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 430. 

–Type: 

LUZON: Zambales, Bulacan, Rizal. Epiphyte, altitude c. 500m. According to Cootes (2001), 

once common on Mt Pinatubo, but population here probably much decimated by the latter’s 

eruption in 1991. 

Vanda merrillii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 47 (1932) 211. –Type: 

var. merrillii 

var. immaculata Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1933) 462. –Type: 

var. rotorii Ames & Quisumb., PJS 52 (1933) 462. –Type: 

Vanda roeblingiana Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1894) 365; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 430. –Type: 

● Vanda ustii Golamco, Claustro & de Mesa -- Waling-Waling Rev. 8(1): 10 (9-14; fig.). 2000 

-------------------- 


Vanda lamellata var. cobbiana (Reichb.f.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 241; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1925) 430. 

Vandopsis Pfitzer 

Vandopsis lissochiloides (Gaudich.) Pfitzer in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 2, Abt. 6 (1889) 210, 

Fig. 

229; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1925) 427; --Stauropsis lissochiloides (Gaudich.) Pfitzer, Grundz. Morph. 

Orchid. (1881) 14; --Vanda lissochiloides (Gaudich.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1833) 216; --Fieldia 

lissochiloides Gaudich., Voy. Uranie (1820) 424. –Type : 

Vanilla Swartz 

Vanilla calopogon Reichb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1 (1878) 40; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 263. 

LUZON: Ilocos Norte. 

Vanilla ovalis Blanco, Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 593; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 263. 

Vanilla majaijensis Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2 (1845) 592. 

Vanilla philippinensis Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32 (1896) 459. 

LUZON: Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, SIBUYAN, BILIRAN, MINDANAO: 

Zamboanga del Norte (Dapitan), Lanao, Agusan del Norte (Butuan). 

Vanilla platyphylla Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10 (1911) 7. 

Philippines, Sulawesi. N MINDORO.

Vexillabium Maekawa 

Vexillabium yakushimense (Yamam.) Maekawa, J. Jap. Bot. 11 (1935) 459; --Anoectochilus 

yakushimensis Yamam., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 38 (1924) 131. 

Vrydagzynea Blume 

Vrydagzynea albida (Blume) Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 62 (Orch. Arch. Ind. 75), t. 19, Fig. 2; --Ames in 

Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 278; --Hetaeria albida Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 410. 

Vrydagzynea viridiflora Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 96. 

Peninsular Malaysia and Java. LUZON: Rizal, Quezon, Sorsogon, MINDORO, NEGROS: 

Negros Oriental, LEYTE, SAMAR, MINDANAO: Zamboanga, Davao, JOLO. A rather common 

and widely distributed species in the Philippines. Terrestrial in dense forest at 137-1000m 

altitude. 

Vrydagzynea vrydagzynoides (Ames) Ormerod, Lindleyana 17 (2002) 4, 228-232; --Erythrodes 

vrydagzynoides Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 29; --in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 273. –Type: 

LEYTE (Dagami). In forest, altitude 60m. 

Vrydagzynea weberi Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 42; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 278. –Type: 

LUZON: Apayao, Rizal, Laguna, Quezon, Sorsogon, POLILLO, LEYTE. Terrestrial, up to 600m 

altitude in LEYTE. 

Zeuxine Lindley 

Zeuxine elmeri (Ames) Ames, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1938) 100; --Adenostylis elmeri Ames in Elmer, LPB 5 

(1912) 


Zeuxine lancifolia (Ames) Ormerod, Austral. Orchid Rev. 63, 4 (1998) 11; --Hetaeria lancifolia Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 44 (as lancifolium) ; -- in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 278. –Type: 

LUZON: Apayao (Abulug-Narig trail). Terrestrial in shady forest at 22m altitude. 

Zeuxine leytensis (Ames) Ames, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1938) 100; --Adenostylis leytensis Ames, Orchidaceae 5 

(1915) 39; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 276. –Type: 

LUZON: Sorsogon, LEYTE. Terrestrial. 

Zeuxine marivelensis (Ames) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 394; --Adenostylis marivelensis Ames, 


LUZON: Bataan, NEGROS: Negros Occidental. 

Zeuxine mindanaensis (Ames) Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 179; --Hetaeria mindanaensis Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 45. –Type: Weber 317 (AMES*, holo; iso: AMES). Mindanao: Agusan del Norte 

prov., Sangaan-Cabadbaran Trail, 11 Dec 1911. 

MINDANAO: Agusan del Norte. Forest shade, c. 22m. 

Zeuxine nervosa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen, Syst. Cat. Fl. Pl. Ceylon (1885) 90; --Heterozeuxine nervosa 

(Wall. ex Lindl.) T Hashim., Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 5 (1986) 21; --Haplochilus nervosus (Wall. ex Lindl.) 

D.Dietr., Syn. Pl. 5 (1852) 172; --Hetaeria nervosa Lindl. in Wall., Numer. List (1832) 7381, nom. nud.; -- 

Monochilus nervosus Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1840) 487. –Type:

Zeuxine zamboangensis (Ames) Ames, Schedul. Orchid., Corrig. (1938) xxxvii; --Adenostylis zamboangensis Ames, 

Schedul. Orchid. 6 (1923) 10. –Type: 

Himalayas, Peninsular Malaysia(), Philippines, New Guinea, New Britain. 

Zeuxine parvifolia (Ridl.) Ridl. ex K Schum. & Fedde, Just's Bot. Jahresber. 31 (1904) 786; --Seidenf., 

Dansk. Bot. Ark. 32 (1978) 82; --Hetaeria parvifolia Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 39 (1870) 87. 

–Type: 

Zeuxine benguetensis (Ames) Ames, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1938) 100; --Adenostylis benguetensis Ames in Elmer, LPB 

5 (1912) 1551; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 275. 

Zeuxine leucochila Schltr., Fedde Repert. 3 (1906) 46. 

Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, New Guinea. LUZON: Mountain Province, 

Benguet, Bataan, PALAWAN. Terrestrial, on woody hillocks up to 1300m. 

Zeuxine philippinensis (Ames) Ames, Schedul. Orchid., Corrig. (1938) 37; --Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) 

(2004) 178 ; --Adenostylis philippinensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 9; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 

276. –Type: CA Wenzel 224 (AMES*, holo). Leyte: Leyte prov., Dagami, Puguajaan, altitude 60m, 31 Jul 

1913. 

Hetaeria leytensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 6 (1923) 14; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 278. –Type: BS 42081-B 

(PNH, 

holo, lost; iso in AMES*). Leyte: Leyte prov., Mt Abucayan, altitude 270m, 20 Jan 1923. 

LEYTE. Terrestrial in forest, altitude 60-300m. 

Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45 (1911) 394; --Adenostylis strateumatica (L.) Ames, 

Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 59; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1924) 276; --Spiranthes strateumatica (L.) Lindl., Bot. 

Reg. 10 (1824) t. 823; --Neottia strateumatica (L.) R.Br., Prodr. (1810) 319; --Orchis strateumatica L., Sp. Pl. 

(1753) 943. –Type: 

Adenostylis sulcata (Roxb.) Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 6 (Suppl.) (1917) 75; --Zeuxine sulcata (Roxb.) Lindl., Gen. 

Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1840) 485; --Pterygodium sulcata Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3 (1832) 452. 

Afghanistan, India (Assam), Sri Lanka, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, China, Japan, 

Malesia: Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi(), Lesser Sunda Isls. (), 

Ambon, New Guinea and Philippines: 

MINDANAO (Misamis, Agusan). Terrestrial in forest, apparently at low altitude. 

Zeuxine weberi (Ames) Ames, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 5 (1938) 101; --Rhomboda weberi (Ames) Ormerod, 

Orchadian 11 (1995) 332; --Adenostylis weberi Ames, Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 40; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 

(1924) 277. –Type: 

MINDANAO: Davao (Mt Binatun). In bamboo forest, altitude 580m. 

Zeuxine wenzelii (Ames) Ormerod, Taiwania 49(3) (2004) 180, Fig. 1; --Hetaeria wenzelii Ames, 

Orchidaceae 5 (1915) 46; --Ames in Merr., EPFP 1 (1923) 279. –Type: CA Wenzel 227 (AMES*, holo). 

Leyte: Leyte prov., Dagami, terrestrial in forest, altitude 60m, 10 Jul 1913. 

LEYTE: Dagami. Known only from the type collection. 

Not in Cootes’ (2006) Checklist: 

Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f., 

Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f., 

Genera not included in Cootes’ 2006 & 2008 orchid checklists: 

Aglossorrhyncha Schlechter

Aglossorrhyncha sp., Cootes, Orch. Philip. (2001) 207. 

Doritis pulcherrima Lindl. 

Doritis Lindley

Family 50. ORCHIDACEAE (including APOSTASIACEAE ...

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